Politiska beslut och styrdokument talar om för oss att man i skolan ska arbeta med inflytande och demokrati eftersom man är oroliga över ungdomars minskande intresse för samhällsfrågor. Denna undersökning handlar om hur processen för ett aktivt medborgarskap fungerar; detta genom att undersöka projekt där ungdomar har varit deltagare och genom en litteraturstudie. Frågor som besvaras är hur dessa projekt arbetar med delaktighet och hur sättet man ser på eleverna som människor påverkar deras medborgarskap. Fyra intervjuer har gjorts i tre olika projekt och totalt har 20 elever och ungdomar intervjuats. Medborgarskap är ett komplicerat begrepp som är tätt sammankopplat med demokrati, delaktighet och inflytande. Delaktigheten i de olika projekten är beroende på faktorer som engagemang och hur projektet påverkar informanternas vardag. Medborgarskapet i skolan är beroende av om man ser det som ett individuellt ansvar eller som en kollektiv process. Ses eleven som icke-kompetent lägger man bördan att ändra detta på individen. Människosynen är avgörande för om man ser medborgarskap som något som eleverna och ungdomarna har rätt till idag eller om det är något de ska ha möjlighet till i framtiden.

När man inom filosofihistorien diskuterat frågan om djuret, har utgångspunkten ofta varit en negativ kontrast till det mänskliga. Medan människan tillskrivits förmågor som medvetenhet, rationalitet och förmåga till tal och språk, har djuret framställts som något som brister i dessa egenskaper. Dock har det uppkommit nya teorier om djuret som skiljer sig från en sådan metafysisk tradition . Peter Singer lyfter i sin bok, Praktisk Etik, att medvetande och självmedvetandeargument som syftat till att tillskriva människan en särställning gentemot djuret inte längre kan vidmakthållas. Vi har snarare skäl att tro det omvända. Jacques Derrida är likt Singer intresserad av att ändra synen på djuret som en brist i relation till det mänskliga men Derrida föreslår en radikalare lösning. Vi måste enligt Derrida dekonstruera (”bryta ner”) det antropocentriska, metafysiska subjektet - och de strukturer som inbegrips i det - för att se hur dess innehåll har fått människan att bruka våld mot djuret. Även om Derrida och Singer skiljer sig när det gäller att problematisera den metafysiska distinktionen mellan människa och djur. tar man avstamp från samma punkt, nämligen från Jeremy Benthams lidandebegrepp. / When discussing the issue of the animal within the history of philosophy, the aspect has often been somewhat of a negative contrast to what is humane. Whilst the human race has been attributed with abilities such as consciousness, rationality and the ability to speak, the animal has been described as something that lacks these abilities. However, new theories concerning the animal have arisen, theories that differentiate from such metaphysical tradition. In Praktisk Etik, Peter Singer raises an argument claiming that consciousness and self-consciousness concerning the matter of attributing humans with an exceptional position towards the animals, no longer can be admitted as valid. We more likely have the reason to believe the opposite. Jacques Derrida is like Singer interested in changing the attitude towards the animal as a flaw in relation to what is humane, but Derrida proposes a more radical solution. According to Derrida, we have to deconstruct the anthropocentric, metaphysical subject – and the structures that embodies this – to be able to see how its content has made the human being maltreat the animal. Although Derrida and Singer separate in their opinions concerning the problematizing of the metaphysical distinction between the human being and the animal, they take off from the same point of view, namely from Jeremy Bentham’s concept of suffering. / Nicklas Lindgren

This essay has tried to acquire a deeper understanding about how and why our society’s agents leave or try to leave the digital world. What problems do the ones who tries to leave, the ones who choose to step aside from the digital world experience and why. To reach this knowledge, a digital ethnographic study has been done by looking at discussion forums online that treats the topic of people wanting to leave or limit their participation in the digital world. The findings are clear and in line with previous attempts at this - it seems like people find themselves in a loss of agency, in a loss of the possibility to do what they want to because of their experiences with the digital world. This seems to relate to the new social possibilities and therefore needs, the digital social platforms give rise too. This essay can also provide knowledge for a deeper understanding of why people on discussion forums find that kind of participation more meaningful than other social media such as Facebook and Instagram. The reason for this, which also is the most important takeaway from this essay, is the difference between acting digital alienated and acting out of oneself. Being digital alienated seems to have a relationship with the things we do that doesn’t end up with a feeling of meaning, meanwhile acting from oneself in all its forms, seems to do so.

The aim of this study is to understand how dance is becoming through the subject. What agents are entangled in the process of becoming, and what hierarchies are at work within my practice. I want to find out how they figurate and see if it´s possible for these hierarchies to reach positions that are more anti- essential. The study wants to assist with the understanding of this multilayer of relationships that are ongoing in the becoming of dance. The study moves in relation to posthumanist theories, with emphasis on materialists such as Rosi Braidotti and her nomadic subject. The nomadic subject is significant and fundamental to the study because it uses materialistic understandings of the world while not renouncing the subject's previously situational experience and embodied knowledge and takes special considerations to both the external and internal complexity of the subjects becoming. In posthumanist theories, or materialism, material and non-material things as well as humans and non-humans have agency. It is the relationship between different kinds of matter that creates the understanding of what is in the process of becoming. Through diffractive readings, the understanding of intra-action, and with the nomadic subject as a theoretical base, this thesis wants to make visible the different aspects and relations that are active in the becoming of dance through the subject. In addition, linked to the research topic choreography, the study wants to contribute with knowledge about the expanded field of choreography by understanding how internal and external factors contribute to how dance is becoming through the subject. The study also wants to provide and develop understandings for didactical and pedagogical contexts. My own practice is the material on which this study is based and through it I seek understanding for my questions.

Uppsatsen utforskar människans psyke utifrån den franske psykoanalytikern och psykiatrikern Jacques Lacans psykoanalytiska teori. Uppsatsen undersöker subjektets förutsättningar och möjligheter utifrån lacansk teori, samt vilka implikationer det får på symptomets plats inom klinisk diagnostik. Metoden använder lacanskt teori som beskrivningar av subjektets status, vars framställning abstraheras till en rad regler. Teorins giltighet prövas i uppsatsen mot kliniska fallbeskrivningar och andra exempelfall. I diskussionen framkommer att implikationen av den lacanska teorin om subjektet är vittgående vad gäller kliniskt diagnostik och värderingen av symptomet. / The essay explores the human psyche by the French psychoanalyst and psychiatrist Jacques Lacan's psychoanalytic theory. The essay examines the subject's conditions and possibilities based on Lacanian theory, and what implications it has on symptom location in clinical diagnostics. The method uses Lacanian theory and descriptions of the subject's status, the production of which is abstracted to a set of rules. The theory's validity tested in the paper on clinical case reports and other such cases. In the discussion it will be the implication of the Lacanian theory of the subject is extensive in terms of clinical diagnosis and evaluation of the symptom.