Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-02T21:42:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marco Antonio Chasles.pdf: 1578776 bytes, checksum: 7d20eade2dc8a915d991dfb26697aedd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-07-29 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / It is clear to see the elderly s more active life as well as an increase on the demand for centers that can offer leisure, culture, interaction and learning possibilities on the part of this group. Seeing that, the purpose of this work is to study SESC s department for the third age, named GETI (Gerência de Estudos e Programas para Terceira Idade). It will attempt to delineate a clearly defined historical line that approaches its creation, structure, form, management and main actions performed with the elder. Also understanding SESC as a possible third sector activity profile. In order to verify the effectiveness of the actions taken, this work investigates the modus operandi of three SESC units which currently provide the so-called TSI (Trabalho Social com o Idoso) by understanding how coordinators in each unit elaborates those actions and the results of this work through the elderly s eyes user. The research and gathering information has been conducted by means of secondary data from bibliographical and documental survey in public sources, like SESC itself, besides the recent research about elderly carried out by Fundação Perseu Abramo. This way, the program, its methodology, guidelines and peculiarities were analyzed. The work was done under a descriptive qualitative survey that brought forth the administration s important elderly cultural-educational aspects, besides an in-depth survey with GETIS s managers, coordinators and the invaluable contribution of SESC s gerontologists and collaborators. To make possible the analysis of whether there had been divergence in the understanding of such actions or not, the author tried to identify this matter through an oral narrative with the elderly. This way, was possible to understand the subject-matter from SESC s management to its users.(AU) / É evidente a vida mais ativa do idoso assim como a necessidade de espaços que possam oferecer momentos de lazer, cultura, interação e estudo por parte deste grupo. Entendendo isto, este trabalho tem o intuito de estudar dentro do SESC paulista o departamento voltado à terceira idade, a chamada GETI (Gerência de Estudos e Programas para Terceira Idade). Procura-se criar uma linha histórica clara que aborda sua criação, estrutura, forma de gestão e principais ações com o idoso. Busca-se o entendimento do SESC como um possível perfil de atividade do Terceiro Setor. A fim de se verificar a eficácia das ações desenvolvidas, o trabalho estuda o modus operandi de três unidades que hoje possuem o chamado TSI (Trabalho Social com o Idoso) por meio do entendimento da forma de elaboração destas ações pelos coordenadores destas unidades e o resultado deste trabalho pelo olhar do idoso freqüentador. A busca de informações e pesquisa deu-se através de dados secundários provenientes de levantamento bibliográfico e documental em fontes públicas, como o próprio acervo do SESC, além de pesquisas recentes sobre o idoso, como a da Fundação Perseu Abramo. Por meio deste levantamento buscouse analisar o programa, sua metodologia, diretrizes e peculiaridades. A fim de se detalhar a análise, trabalhou-se com uma pesquisa qualitativa descritiva que mostrou os aspectos importantes da gestão educativo-cultural para o idoso, além da pesquisa em profundidade com gerentes e coordenadores da GETI e contribuição valiosa de gerontólogos e ex colaboradores do SESC. Para que fosse possível analisar a existência ou não de divergências no entendimento destas ações para o idoso, o autor procurou identificar esta questão por meio da narrativa oral deste público. Desta forma procura-se a compreensão do tema desde a gerência do SESC até seu freqüentador.(AU)

In this article, the author introduces us to the institution of third party funding and its future application in arbitration litigation. Third party funding allows the litigant’s costs can be funded. Moreover, he points out the problems that the third party financing has, and the implementation of rules to deal with this situation. Finally, there is a tendency to expand the duty of disclosure of the parties whether a third party is funding them. / En este artículo, el autor nos introduce a la institución del third party funding y su futura aplicación en los litigios arbitrales. El third party funding permite que los costos del litigante puedan ser financiados. Asimismo, señala los problemas que presenta el tercero financista, y la implementación de normas para afrontar esa situación. Finalmente, hay una tendencia de ampliar el deber de revelación de las partes sobre si se está siendo financiado por un tercero.

The purpose of the study is to: 1. develop a model for studying the strategies of third-party providers, and 2. preparing empirically supported hypotheses regarding the TPL providers strategies. Empirical data has been gathered from 21 Australian, European, and North- American targeted TPL providers, all recognized as large, innovative or influential industry representatives. The thesis propose an empirically supported model for studying positions or for positioning of TPL providers, based on both served markets and internal industry variables. Further, the TPL providers expected development, the values delivered to clients, and activity and capability for supply chain integration are explored. The results of the study indicate that the TPL providers in general have similar strategies, and expect to develop in similar ways. The main values provided to clients are Cost and the possibility to Focus on Core, and the main mechanisms for creating that value are Operative Competence and Systems Development.

[pt] A crescente necessidade de otimização de recursos e o maior nível de exigência dos clientes em termos de qualidade de serviço, custo e prazo tem influenciado na reconfiguração dos mercados globais. A fim de se manterem competitivas, as empresas têm sido obrigadas a investir principalmente em sua cadeia de suprimentos com intuito de garantir a sobrevivência no mercado cada vez mais competitivo. A terceirização é uma grande aliada à logística, mais especificamente o 3PL (Third Party Logistics), que tem sido apontado por diversos autores quando se fala em reduzir em custos, melhorar a qualidade de atendimento, aperfeiçoar controles, integrar os processos e implantar novas tecnologias sem impedir o foco da empresa no seu Core Business. O objetivo desta dissertação é realizar um estudo de caso na Petrobras a fim de identificar porque os Gestores optaram por migrar sua estrutura de terceirização de um 2PL para um 3PL. Os resultados demonstram 34 por cento de redução de custos, confirmando a proposição que a adoção do sistema de 3PL conduz a redução de custos logísticos; investimentos nas estruturas de governança implicam em redução de custo de transação e que controles, metas e indicadores contratuais possuem relação com o desempenho, além de contribuírem para gestão da cadeia de suprimentos. / [en] The growing need for resource optimization and the higher level of customer use in terms of quality of service, cost and time have an influence on the reconfiguration of global markets. To remain competitive, the companies have been forced to invest mainly in their supply chain in order to ensure survival in the increasingly competitive market. Outsourcing is a great ally to logistics, more specific to 3PL (Third Party Logistics), which was pointed out by several authors when talking about reducing costs, improving service quality, improving controls, integrating processes and implementing new technologies without prevent the company s focus on its Core Business. The objective of this dissertation is to conduct a case study at Petrobras in order to identify why the Managers chose to migrate their outsourcing structure from a 2PL to a 3PL. The results showed a 34 percent cost reduction, confirming a proposal to adopt the 3PL system that reduced logistical costs; investments in governance structures involved in reducing transaction and control costs, goals and indicators that are related to performance, in addition to the contribution to chain management.

Bakgrund: När en person har hörselnedsättning påverkas indirekt dess omgivning. Konsekvenser som kan upplevas av en partner kan benämnas med begreppet Third-Party Disability (TPD) och innefattar ett flertal aspekter som exempelvis kommunikation och livskvalité. Med ålder blir hörselnedsättningar allt vanligare vilket leder till att allt fler par i övre medelåldern lever i en relation där ena partnern har hörselnedsättning. Syfte: Att undersöka hur partnern påverkas av en respektives hörselnedsättning och vad det har för eventuella konsekvenser på livskvalitén, sett till personer i övre medelåldern. Metod: En integrerad litteraturstudie utfördes för att besvara studiens syfte. Litteratursökning i databaserna PubMed, Cinahl och Web of Science resulterade i inklusion av åtta vetenskapliga artiklar. Resultat: Resultaten påvisar att partnern påverkas av sin respektives hörselnedsättning. Det är främst kommunikationsmöjligheterna som försämras men även relationsförändringar kan uppstå. Vidare kan det leda till att livskvaliteten för den normalhörande personen försämras till följd av begränsningar i partnerskapet. Slutsatser: Kommunikationsmöjligheterna försämras till följd av hörselnedsättning och påverkar deltagandet i sociala aktiviteter och sammanhang. Indirekt påverkar detta partnerns förmåga för deltagande och kan leda till försämrad livskvalitet. / Background: When a person has hearing loss, their significant others become indirectly affected. The consequences from a partner perspective can be described with the term Third-Party Disability (TPD), which includes several aspects such as communication and quality of life. With age, hearing loss become increasingly more common, therefore it is likely that at least one partner in couples of upper middle age will have hearing loss. Aim: To investigate how the partner is affected by their spouse´s hearing loss and what consequences it has on the quality of life, for people in upper middle age. Methods: An integrated literature study was carried out to answer the purpose of the present study. The literature search conducted in the databases PubMed, Cinahl and Web of Science resulted in eight scientific articles for inclusion. Results: The results demonstrate that the partner is affected by their spouses hearing loss. Mainly it´s the communication opportunities that deteriorate, but relationship changes can also occur. This can further lead to a deterioration in the quality of life of the normal-hearing spouse as a result of limitations in the partnership. Conclusions: Communication possibilities deteriorate as a result of hearing loss and affect participation in social activities and contexts. Indirectly, this affects the partner's capacity for participation and can lead to a reduced quality of life.

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Alltmer tid spenderas i våra närmiljöer samtidigt som den sociala isoleringen ökar i samhället, och det har negativa effekter på hälsan. Närmiljön har därför stor inverkan på vår livsmiljö, där gestaltningen blir avgörande för att främja ett levande stadsrum. Denna studie undersöker det levande stadsrummet genom en fallstudie på Ebbepark i Linköpings kommun och med hjälp av kvalitativa intervjuer och dokumentanalyser. Resultatet visar att byggherrarna har en hög ambitionsnivå vad gäller gestaltningen där kommunen har ett övergripande ansvar att se till kommunens helhetsbehov. Slutsatsen som dras är att den höga ambitionen inte kunnat realiseras. Det kan förklaras av ekonomiska intressen samt bristande regleringar. Regleringarna kan komma att bli striktare för att säkerställa goda livsmiljöer. / The citizens are spending more time in our local environment meanwhile social isolation increases in our society which has a negative impact on our well-beeing. The local environment therefore has a major impact on the living environment, where the urban form becomes decisive in promoting a living urban space. The study examines the concept of life between buildings in a case study of Ebbepark, in the municipality Linköping, using qualitative interviews and document analysis. The result indicates that the developers have a high ambition in the urban form and where the municipality has a comprehensive responsibility to accommodate the society's needs. The conclusion is that the high ambition could not be executed. The explanation of this can be, financial interests and absences of regulations, which may become stricter to ensure quality living environments.

Diminishing green bond premia have been associated with the risk of greenwashing. In response, third-party verification (TPV) has emerged as a market-driven solution to mitigate risks from asymmetric information and safeguard the credibility of green bonds. This thesis examines the complexities of TPV mechanisms within the green bond market, employing a novel approach by comparing two leading verification institutions: the Climate Bonds Initiative (CBI) and the International Capital Market Association (ICMA). The goal is to ascertain the effectiveness of TPV and examine their impact on bond yields. Additionally, this study examines the role of these verification systems in reducing information asymmetry and mitigating the threat of greenwashing. Utilising propensity score matching, our analysis reveals a TPV premium ranging from approximately -15 to -19 basis points (bps) for green bonds verified by the CBI, while the ICMA does not reliably demonstrate a TPV premium. Furthermore, our investigation extends to the differential impact of TPV on government and corporate green bonds. We find a clearer TPV premium for corporate green bonds verified by the CBI, estimated at -21 to -23 bps, compared to government green bonds, which yielded insignificant findings. Complementing our quantitative findings, a key informant interview provides nuanced insights. We also uncover potential biases inherent in dataset preferences favouring specific verification institutions. Our research highlights the efficacy of verification through the CBI, as the advantages significantly outweigh the associated costs, making it a sensible choice for issuers. Moreover, we advocate for the adoption of uniform reporting standards to streamline administrative processes and enhance transparency, particularly for corporate green bond issuers. / Minskande premievärden på gröna obligationer har kopplats till risken för greenwashing. Som svar på detta har tredjepartsverifiering (TPV) framträtt som en marknadsdriven lösning för att minska riskerna från asymmetrisk information och säkerställa trovärdigheten hos gröna obligationer. Denna avhandling undersöker komplexiteten i TPV-mekanismer inom marknaden för gröna obligationer, genom att jämföra två ledande verifieringsinstitutioner: Climate Bonds Initiative (CBI) och International Capital Market Association (ICMA). Målet är att fastställa effektiviteten av TPV och undersöka deras inverkan på obligationsräntor. Fortsättningsvis, granskar denna studie rollen av dessa verifieringssystem i att minska informationsasymmetri och motverka hotet om greenwashing. Genom att använda propensity score matching avslöjar vår analys en TPV-premie på cirka -15 till -19 baspunkter (bp) för gröna obligationer verifierade av CBI, medan ICMA inte på ett tillförlitligt sätt visar en TPV-premie. Vidare undersöker vi den differentierade effekten av TPV på gröna stats- och företagsobligationer. Vi finner en tydligare TPV-premie för företagsobligationer verifierade av CBI, uppskattad till -21 till -23 bp, jämfört med statsobligationer, som inte gav signifikanta resultat. För att komplettera våra kvantitativa resultat, ger en intervju med en nyckelinformant nyanserade insikter. Vi upptäcker även potentiell partiskhet inneboende i datasettet som gynnar specifika verifieringsinstitutioner. Vår forskning belyser effektiviteten av verifiering genom CBI, eftersom fördelarna överväger de associerade kostnaderna, vilket gör det till ett vettigt val för emittenter. Dessutom förespråkar vi antagandet av enhetliga rapporteringsstandarder för att förenkla administrativa processer och förbättra transparensen, särskilt för emittenter av gröna företagsobligationer.

Master of Landscape Architecture / Department of Landscape Architecture/Regional and Community Planning / Mary C. Kingery-Page / People often move through public transit space only recognizing the functional qualities. In such an environment we become faceless bodies moving through the landscape. As our environments become increasingly functional, so do humans—we cycle anonymously between work and home with little spontaneous interaction occurring in between. The daily routine is executed in nonplace: “Where once there were places we now find nonplaces. In real places the human being is a person. He or she is an individual, unique and possessing a character. In nonplaces, individuality disappears. In nonplaces, character is irrelevant and one is only the customer or shopper, client or patients, a body to be seated, and address to be billed, a car to be parked” (Oldenburg 1989, 205). The Maplewood light rail station in St. Louis County, Missouri is an example of nonplace. Although functional, the landscape lacks character. In order to combat nonplace sociologist Ray Oldenburg suggests that we cultivate third places—liminal spheres between home and work that facilitate informal social interaction. A major component of third place is user accessibility. Therefore, the ability to physically and mentally access public transit space will be investigated as a design dilemma. Through the reframing of physical and mental accessibility the Maplewood MetroLink station will evolve into a third place capable of supporting informal social interaction. In order to understand the factors influencing social interaction in public transit space, five precedents were examined using the Project for Public Spaces definition of “place.” Characteristics found to promote social activity include linkages, flexibility, imageability and social infrastructure. The factors were further defined as ‘mental’ or ‘physical’ accessibility which were then used to analyze the Maplewood MetroLink station. After examining physical and mental accessibility at the Maplewood MetroLink station, a design solution was proposed. The design encourages users to pause and interact with each other and the landscape in a highly mobile environment.

In light of a scant, fragmentary geographical literature attending specifically to charity and charitable giving (cf. Bryson et al, 2002), this research presents an in-depth exploration of one particular (and highly popular) ‘charity’ mechanism- child sponsorship –by way of delineating a more coherent set of geographical understandings and sensibilities towards the topic. Using research carried out in the UK between 2011 and 2012 with both child sponsorship charities and ‘sponsors’, and drawing together an array of theoretical and conceptual resources from within geography and beyond, I seek to engage particularly with the ways in which charity is organised, promoted and practised; the spatial, relational ways in which charitable action is configured and performed, and the flows of ethical concern, embodied praxis and power which co-constitute it. As such, and mobilising ‘relational’ geographical work on networks and assemblages, I present an alternative reading of ‘charitable space’ which allows for its dynamic complexities to be more fully appreciated. Given my focus on child sponsorship, I set these interests within broader debates on the UK’s Third Sector, international development and humanitarian aid, particularly debates regarding neoliberalism and (post)colonialism. As such, the research also contributes to an emerging literature on Global North ‘development constituencies’ and their mobilisation (Baillie Smith, 2008; see also Smith, 2004; Desforges, 2004), as well as to well-established geographical literatures on voluntarism. I also foreground a focus on the dynamics of ‘faith-based’ giving, since the empirical landscape of child sponsorship displays a distinct orientation towards Christian modes of charitable organisation and action, though in complex, often blurry ways. In all, the work seeks to critically appraise and (where appropriate) disturb common narratives and assumptions used to apprehend charity in both popular and academic discourse, and offer instead a more critically attuned set of understandings which re-imagine charity in more enlivened ways.