The main topic of this thesis is investigation of partner preferences and sexual behavior of female-to-male transsexuals. Number of previous studies showed that on average several partner preferences differ between men and women, and our goal was to determine if these preferences vary in female-to-male transsexuals during the process of sex change. The process of sex change includes intensive exposures to external levels of sex hormones, psychological therapy, and the transformation of their social role and overall life changes. Based on reviewe of the the scientific literature dealing with transsexuality, partner preferences and the potential impact of hormone therapy on sexually dimorphic traits, we developed a questionnaire focusing on partner preference and behavior. We obtained data from 36 heterosexual men transsexual female -to -male (i.e., sexual orientation focused on women) who were divided into three groups according to whether they were prior hormonal therapy (N = 11), whether have already started hormone therapy sex but not yet surgical change ( N = 11) and whether they were already after hormonal and surgical gender conversion (N = 14). In addition, we obtained data from 16 heterosexual non-transsexual men as a control group. Based on my previous bachelor research and literature...

The thesis deals with the normative discourse of transsexuality, both from a general cultural- historical perspective in the context of Western science and medicine and more specifically in the context of Czech sexology. On a detailed analysis of the publication Transsexualita: Diagnostika a léčba (Transsexuality: Diagnostics and Treatment), I illustrate the currently dominant conceptualization of transgender and/or transsexuality as a disorder, which, due to its normative influence, predetermines not only the possibilities of (self)identification available to trans* people in the Czech Republic, but also their treatment by Czech society and state institutions (e.g. in the conditions to be met for legal gender recognition, which still include compulsory sterilization). Methodologically, the thesis is chiefly grounded in discourse analysis, but it also shows an ethical standpoint in relation to the situation of Czech trans* people in the legal and medical systems. I also consider the factual dimension of transgender status and other expressions of gender diversity, primarily in maintaining a critical distance from the notions of their alleged pathology, still widespread in the normative sexological discourse. Keywords Biology, discourse, ethics, human rights, intersex, normativity, pathologization,...

[ES] Esta tesis doctoral investiga la potencialidad de la práctica artística en el espacio público como acción transgenerizante. Partiendo de un análisis de literatura y obras de artistas trans*, se presenta la práctica artística transgénero como un desbordamiento epistémico que posibilita la generación de cuerpos y espacios que se desmarcan del régimen cisnormativo. Estxs artistas emplean estrategias como la búsqueda de la ilegibilidad, la producción de figuras monstruosas y la reivindicación de ser imposible para generar obras que son simultáneamente una propuesta desidentificativa, una experimentación corporal y una construcción de mundos propios. El espacio se aborda como un constructo social producido por un sistema cisnormativo hegemónico. Desde esta perspectiva, el espacio funciona como un dispositivo de control y vigilancia de los cuerpos que lo atraviesan además de como una tecnología de refuerzo del discurso cisnormativo, como se expone en el ejemplo de los aseos públicos. Sin embargo, el hecho de que los espacios sean producto de los cuerpos que los atraviesan también posibilita que los cuerpos disidentes puedan apropiárselos y transformárselos a través de gestos transgenerizantes. Aunque estos espacios desidentificados lo son de manera efímera, se defiende que todo espacio puede ser transgenerizado si se perturban los dispositivos de control social desde los que se activa. Para ello se proponen cuatro gestos transgenerizantes (okupar, pasar, tocar y hackear) que desbordan la percepción, el uso, las trayectorias y los protocolos sociales en dichos espacios. Estos gestos, así como la propuesta del potencial transgenerizador del espacio emergen del análisis de mi práctica artística del dibujo in situ, así como de las anotaciones, observaciones y recuerdos de los efectos de estos trabajos en el espacio y en lxs visitantes. Para este análisis se han seleccionado y estudiado cuatro obras de mi corpus: Genderpoo (2008-), Ver o No Ver (2019), A Hole so Big it Became the Sky (2019), Trans* Camp (2023). La última, Trans* Camp o Campamento Trans* es una pieza creada exprofeso para corroborar la eficacia de estas acciones, así como explorar la materialización y formalización de estos, y el contacto con el público. Se discute aquí, desde el análisis de la práctica, la experiencia de investigación, la producción y la exposición, de qué manera este proceso de transgenerización se ha activado en el espacio / [CA] Aquesta tesi doctoral s'investiga la potencialitat de la pràctica artística en l'espai públic com a acció transgeneritzant. Partint d'una anàlisi de literatura i obres d'artistes trans*, es presenta la pràctica artística transgènere com un desbordament epistèmic que possibilita la generació de cossos i espais que es desmarquen del règim cisnormatiu. Estxs artistes emprenen estratègies com la cerca de la il.legibilitat, la producció de figures monstruoses i la reivindicació de ser impossible per a generar obres que són simultàniament una proposta desidentificativa, una experimentació corporal i una construcció de mons propis. L'espai s'aborda com un constructe social produït per un sistema cisnormatiu hegemònic. Des d'aquesta perspectiva, l'espai funciona com un dispositiu de control i vigilància dels cossos que el travessen a més de com una tecnologia de reforç del discurs cisnormatiu, com s'exposa en l'exemple dels lavabos públics. No obstant això, el fet que els espais siguen producte dels cossos que els travessen també possibilita que els cossos dissidents se'ls puguen apropiar i transformar a través de gestos transgeneritzants. Encara que aquests espais desidentificats ho són de manera efímera, es defensa que tot espai pot ser transgeneritzat si es pertorben els dispositius de control social des dels quals s'activa. Per a això es proposen quatre gestos transgeneritzants (okupar, passar, tocar i hackejar) que desborden la percepció, l'ús, les trajectòries i els protocols socials en aquests espais. Aquests gestos, així com la proposta del potencial transgeneritzador de l'espai emergeixen de l'anàlisi de la meua pràctica artística del dibuix in situ, així com de les anotacions, observacions i records dels efectes d'aquests treballs en l'espai i en els/les visitants. Per a aquesta anàlisi s'han seleccionat i estudiat quatre obres del meu corpus: Genderpoo (2008-), Ver o No Ver (2019), A Hole so Big it Became the Sky (2019), Trans* Camp (2023). L'última, Trans* Camp o Campamento Trans* és una peça creada ex professo per a corroborar l'eficàcia d'aquestes accions, així com explorar la materialització i formalització d'aquests, i el contacte amb el públic. Es discuteix ací, des de l'anàlisi de la pràctica, l'experiència d'investigació, la producció i l'exposició, de quina manera aquest procés de transgenerització s'ha activat en l'espai. / [EN] This doctoral thesis investigates the potential of artistic practice in public space as a transgenderinzing, or transing, action. Drawing from a literature analysis and works by trans* artists, transgender artistic practice is presented as an epistemic overflow that enables the generation of bodies and spaces that deviate from the cisnormative regime. These artists employ strategies such as seeking illegibility, producing monstrous figures, and claiming impossibility to generate works that are simultaneously a proposal for disidentification, bodily experimentation, and the construction of their own worlds. Space is approached as a social construct produced by a hegemonic cisnormative system. From this perspective, space functions as a device for controlling and surveilling the bodies that traverse it, as well as reinforcing cisnormative discourse, as exemplified in the case of public restrooms. However, the fact that spaces are products of the bodies that traverse them also allows dissenting bodies to appropriate and transform them through transing gestures. Although these disidentified spaces are ephemeral, it is argued that any space can be transgenderized by disrupting the social control devices from which they are activated. To this end, four transgenerative gestures (occupy, pass, touch, and hack) are proposed to disrupt the perception, use, trajectories, and social protocols in such spaces. These gestures, as well as the proposal of the transing potential of space, emerge from the analysis of my artistic practice of on-site drawing, as well as from annotations, observations, and memories of the effects of these works on the space and its visitors. For this analysis, four works from my corpus have been selected and studied: Genderpoo (2008-), To See or Not To See (2019), A Hole so Big it Became the Sky (2019), and Trans* Camp (2023). The latter, Trans* Camp or Campamento Trans*, is a piece created specifically to confirm the effectiveness of these actions, as well as to explore their materialization and formalization, and interaction with the public. Here, the activation of this transing process in space is discussed from the analysis of practice, research experience, production, and exhibition. / Guzmán Martín, E. (2024). La práctica artística y su potencial transgenerizador: análisis de espacialidades y procesos de transgenerización desde la práctica del dibujo in-situ [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/205787

Sexarbeit ist nach wie vor ein politisch stark umkämpftes Feld. Der Begriff bezeichnet eine konsensuelle sexuelle oder sexualisierte Dienstleistung zwischen volljährigen Geschäftspartner_innen gegen Entgelt oder andere materielle Güter und wird auf verschiedene Weisen verwendet. Im weiteren Sinne handelt es sich um einen Oberbegriff für sämtliche Formen sexueller und erotischer Arbeit. Im Kontext sex-positiver feministischer Politiken wird der Begriff Sexarbeit auch synonym für Prostitution verwendet, um die Anerkennung von Sexarbeit als Lohnarbeit zu verdeutlichen.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:25:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RENATO.pdf: 506088 bytes, checksum: 8fa782946a857c1bc48ee79c4b169c05 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-06-13 / This study approaches the issue of transsexuality and the legal effects originated by it. With the transgenitalization, a surgery altering the transsexual's genital organs to adequate him to the psychologic sex, several legal consequences arise, such as rules for retirement, change of name in civil records, and many others. But the main focus is the issue of carnal conjunction through violence with the victim being the transgenitalized person, man to woman. The basic elements of rape are carnal conjunction and the woman as victim. With the transgenitalization, the penis-vagina relation becomes possible. Secondly, it is concluded that the surgery only adapts the anatomical sex to the psychological one, this being the true gender of a transgenitalized person, whom, therefore, was already a woman even before the surgery, thus enabling the characterization of rape / Este trabalho estuda a questão da transexualidade e dos efeitos jurídicos dela decorrentes. Com a trangenitalização, cirurgia que altera os órgãos genitais do transexual para adequá-lo ao sexo psicológico, várias conseqüências jurídicas são verificadas, como as regras para aposentadoria, mudança de nome nos registros civis e outras mais. Mas o foco principal é a questão da conjunção carnal mediante violência que tem como vítima o trangenitalizado, homem para mulher. As elementares do estupro são a conjunção carnal, e a mulher como vítima. Com a trangenitalização, a relação pênis vagina torna-se possível. Quanto ao segundo requisito, conclui-se que a cirurgia, de adequação e não de mudança de sexo, apenas adapta o sexo anatômico ao psicológico, verdadeiro gênero da pessoa trangenitalizada, que, portanto, já era mulher antes mesmo da cirurgia. Caracteriza-se, destarte, o estupro

[pt] A presente tese é um estudo sobre a transexualidade no Direito brasileiro. A partir de questões centrais ligadas à dignidade da pessoa humana o estudo analisa a construção do conceito da transexualidade ao longo da História, especialmente da História da Medicina, em busca de uma explicação do tratamento discriminatório que os transexuais são constantemente submetidos no meio social. Busca-se a origem da visão da transexualidade como algo anormal, doente, que precise de conserto, para então desconstruir esse estereótipo que se firmou com o tempo e que predomina até hoje, inclusive no meio jurídico. Os princípios constitucionais de Igualdade, Dignidade, e Direito à Intimidade são usados como base na elaboração de uma proposta de tratamento respeitoso às pessoas que apresentam esse comportamento tido como desviante, mas que nada mais é que a expressão de sua identidade. A ausência de atuação do Poder Legislativo, a atuação discrepante do Poder Judiciário em situações fáticas idênticas, e a insuficiência das medidas do Poder Executivo servem para mostrar a urgência do enfrentamento do tema pelo Direito pátrio. O exame de outros ordenamentos jurídicos é feito para a elaboração de sugestões para a superação enfrentada pelos problemas acima, especialmente no que diz respeito à mudança do registro civil. / [en] The current thesis is a study about the transsexuality in the Brazilian Law. Based on central issues related to the dignity of the human person, the study analyzes the construction of the concept of transsexuality throughout history, especially of the Medicine History, searching for answers about the discriminatory treatment that the transsexuals are constantly submitted in the social environment. The origin of the vision of transsexuality is sought as something abnormal, sick, in need of repair, to finally deconstruct this stereotype that was established over time and that prevails nowadays, including in the legal environment. The constitutional principles of Equality, Dignity and the Right to Intimacy are used as the basis in the elaboration of a respectful treatment proposal to the people who present this behavior as deviant, but which is nothing more than the expression of its identity. The lack of actions of the Legislative Power, the discrepant action of the Judiciary in identical factual situations and the insufficiency of the Executive Power measures serve to show the urgency of the confrontation of the subject by the Brazilian Law. The examination of other legal systems is done for the elaboration of suggestions aiming the overcoming of the above problems, especially regarding the change of civil registry.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T13:31:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Joao Paulo de Athaide.pdf: 591143 bytes, checksum: 564faf937fe9b228853934b586cd835a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-05-28 / The leitmotif of this thesis is to penetrate the current process of formation of referential contemporary identity through the construction of so-called trans identity, which aggregates the population groups transvestites, transsexuals and transgendered Brazilians. Initiated during the dynamic National Meeting of Transvestites and Transgenders That Fight against AIDS in June 2007, I sought to penetrate the significance that occurs and the formation of these roles in a specific socio-political representation through the interview technique of depth. Urbanites who are not part of this highlighted classificatory structure and had no place to interact with the like of so many outsiders, and therefore start questioning the various social markers in order to deconstruct them, encouraging the creation of spaces where the "different" can also contribute to the construction of identity references that are not conventional. Attitude. It is the completion of the trans person's identity and transformation into the urban lifestyle. Understood as the inclusion of these people in a particular interaction aiming to break free from the shackles of a negating modernity and contribute to the formation of other historical period called hypermodernity / O fio condutor dessa dissertação foi devassar o atual processo de formação do referencial identitário contemporâneo, através da construção da chamada identidade trans, que agrega os grupos populacionais de pessoas travestis, transexuais e transgêneros, brasileiros. Iniciada durante a dinâmica do Encontro Nacional de Travestis e Transexuais que Atuam na Luta contra a AIDS, em junho de 2007, busquei devassar como ocorre à significação e a formação desses papéis numa determinada representação sociopolítica, através da técnica de entrevista de profundidade e do estudo de caso. Urbanóides que não fazem parte das estruturas classificatórias destacadas e não encontram espaço pra interagirem como tantos outros outsiders, e por isso, passam a questionar os diversos marcadores sociais no sentido de desconstruí-los, fomentando a criação de espaços onde o diferente possa também contribuir pra a construção de referências identitárias não convencionais. Atitude. É a conclusão do processo de transformação identitária da pessoa trans rumo ao modo de vida urbano. Compreendido como a inserção dessas pessoas em uma determinada interação visando se libertar dos grilhões de uma modernidade negadora e contribuir pra a formação de outro período histórico denominado de hipermodernidade

Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2016-10-04T16:51:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Berta Schumann_.pdf: 1487497 bytes, checksum: 1d3927df54f9d67cd1186e61705c402d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-04T16:51:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Berta Schumann_.pdf: 1487497 bytes, checksum: 1d3927df54f9d67cd1186e61705c402d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-04 / Nenhuma / As últimas décadas foram marcadas por grandes mudanças em todos os setores da sociedade, trazendo questionamentos para os quais nem o Direito nem a própria sociedade têm respostas. O direito à saúde, assegurado no artigo 6° da Constituição Federal de 1988, foi regulamentado com a criação do Sistema Único de Saúde, o qual determinou o acesso universal, integral e igualitário a ele e, nunca a sociedade teve tantas possibilidades de acesso a tantos direitos. Entretanto, viver na era dos direitos não significa ter acesso a eles, pois, quando nos referimos às identidades transexuais, o direito à saúde encontra limites, uma vez que, para os transexuais o direito à saúde plena depende de condições e de critérios impostos por recomendações internacionais, seguidas no Brasil. Segundo elas, somente aquele que for diagnosticado doente terá acesso ao procedimento transexualizador. Esta imposição fere o exercício da autonomia, uma vez que os transexuais ficam limitados pelas normas de gênero diante da patologização da experiência. Na condição de doentes, ao mesmo tempo em que são acolhidos (programa transexualizador), são excluídos por recomendações regidas por explicações aceitas como oficiais, porém, defasadas, vez que não há qualquer exame ou sintoma que leve a concluir que o transexual é transtornado. Isso se alia ao fato de que houve várias alterações nas recomendações que incluem a transexualidade nos catálogos de transtornos mentais ao longo dos anos, demonstrando que são referências não estáticas, logo, passíveis de mudanças, principalmente no sentido de efetivar o direito à saúde. Esta discrepância entre o direito estabelecido pelas recomendações internacionais e o direito como forma de vida social que tem a sua realidade na vontade da sociedade, na realidade jurídica da vida, é o principal enfrentamento da despatologização pelos transexuais. A vulnerabilidade trazida com a patologização demonstra que o Brasil é o país onde mais se cometem assassinatos de transexuais no mundo. Assim, a concepção do transexual como sujeito fora do padrão da normalidade não binária de gênero e rotulado como pessoa doente lhe traz um enorme sofrimento, inclusive com a terminalidade voluntária e precoce da vida. Assim, a presente dissertação pretende induzir uma reflexão sobre o direito à saúde dos transexuais, demonstrando que existe a possiblidade de modificação das condições impostas pelas recomendações internacionais em nosso país, o qual possui autonomia para a manutenção do processo transexualizador no SUS sem a necessidade de diagnóstico patologizante. Estas mudanças nas estruturas e nos programas governamentais no Brasil são possíveis e necessárias, permitindo o acesso ao direito à saúde a todos, independentemente de condições e, principalmente, de identidade de gênero. Dessa forma, o objetivo é trazer à reflexão a eliminação da palavra transtorno e, por consequência, a eliminação do diagnóstico patologizante, haja vista que os transexuais estão engajados na busca pela sua autonomia e identidade, uma vez que não são doentes ou anormais. / The last decades have been marked by major changes in all sectors of society, which ends up raising outstanding questions that neither the law either the society itself have answers. The right to health, guaranteed in the Article 6 of the Federal Constitution of 1988 and regulated by the creation of the Unified Health System, determines the universal, full and equal access to this right, and never before society had so many possibilities and access to so many rights as it has nowadays. However, live the era of rights does not mean actually having access to all of them: when we refer to transgender identities, the right to health is relativized, since for those people the right to full health depends on the criteria and conditions imposed by international standards followed in Brazil, for which only one who is diagnosed ill can have access to transsexual procedures. This hurts the exercise of their autonomy, since transsexuals are limited by gender norms on the pathologizing of experience. The condition of sick person at the same time as they are received (transsexual program) are excluded by rules governed by explanations accepted as official, however, lagged, since there is no examination or symptom that leads to the conclusion that the transsexual is upset, coupled with the fact the various changes that the recommendations that include transsexuality in mental disorders catalogs have suffered over the years, showing that they are not static references, therefore, subject to changes mainly in order to give effect to the right to health. This discrepancy between the rights established as international recommendations and the law as a form of social life, which has its reality in the will of society, the legal reality of life is the main face of depathologization by transsexuals. The vulnerability brought by pathologization shows that Brazil is the country with the highest number of transgender murders in the world. Therefore, the design of the transsexual as a subject non-standard non-binary gender normality and labeled as sick person, brings enormous suffering, including the voluntary and early terminally life. So this dissertation aims to induce a reflection on the right to health of transsexual people, demonstrating that there is the possibility of modifying the conditions imposed by international recommendations in our country, which has autonomy for the maintenance of transsexual processes in Unified Health System without the need of a pathologizing diagnosis. These changes in the Brazilian structures and government programs are possible and necessary, which will allow access to the right to health to all, regardless of conditions and, especially, gender identity. The main goal is to bring to reflect the elimination of the word disorder and, hence, the elimination of pathologic diagnosis, given that transsexuals are engaged in the search of autonomy and identity, since they are not sick or abnormal.

<p>The purpose of the essay is to by means of a quantitative method investigate what the portrayal of GLBT-people looks like in a selection of Swedish and New Zealand newspapers. The essay focuses on aspects such as the gender ratio between GLBT-people who are mentioned and also those who are allowed to speak out in the newspapers. Also in what proportions the newspapers portrays the different fractions of the GLBT-term, what subjects are covered and what types of sources are used are areas of interest.</p><p>The analysis is conducted through a quantitative research method where two Swedish newspapers (Aftonbladet and Dagens Nyheter) and two New Zealand newspapers (The Dominion Post and The New Zealand Herald) were selected. Three periods of 15 days were selected for each newspaper and electronic databases were used in order to try and collect all articles with relevance for this study.</p><p>The theoretical background consists of Tiina Rosenberg’s theories about media’s role in the individuals’ identity shaping, Nina Björk’s feminist theories connected to gender and power, and the patriarchal structure of society, and also Anders Sahlstrand’s accounts of journalism’s use of sources and their effect on the audience’s perception of the news presented.</p><p>The main results from the analysis points towards preponderance in the occurrence of male homosexuality and male homosexuals. Elite sources occur more often than non-elite, and GLBT-males are more often used as elite sources than GLBT-women, though due the analysis being based on a low number of articles the level of generalization from the results is questionable.</p>

The purpose of the essay is to by means of a quantitative method investigate what the portrayal of GLBT-people looks like in a selection of Swedish and New Zealand newspapers. The essay focuses on aspects such as the gender ratio between GLBT-people who are mentioned and also those who are allowed to speak out in the newspapers. Also in what proportions the newspapers portrays the different fractions of the GLBT-term, what subjects are covered and what types of sources are used are areas of interest. The analysis is conducted through a quantitative research method where two Swedish newspapers (Aftonbladet and Dagens Nyheter) and two New Zealand newspapers (The Dominion Post and The New Zealand Herald) were selected. Three periods of 15 days were selected for each newspaper and electronic databases were used in order to try and collect all articles with relevance for this study. The theoretical background consists of Tiina Rosenberg’s theories about media’s role in the individuals’ identity shaping, Nina Björk’s feminist theories connected to gender and power, and the patriarchal structure of society, and also Anders Sahlstrand’s accounts of journalism’s use of sources and their effect on the audience’s perception of the news presented. The main results from the analysis points towards preponderance in the occurrence of male homosexuality and male homosexuals. Elite sources occur more often than non-elite, and GLBT-males are more often used as elite sources than GLBT-women, though due the analysis being based on a low number of articles the level of generalization from the results is questionable.