Esta dissertação de mestrado versa sobre algumas questões acerca de participação, tais como estratégia na educação e para a cidadania, da conquista de espaços públicos em suas transformações físico-políticos e qualitativo na gestão ambiental. Trata-se da análise das experiências em assentamentos subnormais em que, apesar terem sido trabalhos contratados pelo poder público, o arquiteto/pesquisador procurou planejar, desenvolver e xecutar os projetos através da visão de quem estava recebendo os investimentos. Entendendo que participar é poder tomar decisão em algum processo que irá mudar o destino de uma determinada situação, de forma espontânea ou não, mirando um futuro que desde já no presente deve ser melhorado. Assim é preciso que os sujeitos sociais tomem de informações preciosas, e provoque discussões num espaço múltiplo, diversificado perceber e encarar as questões da paisagem relamente relevantes. Fruto da discussão, podem começar a aparecer soluções criativas, no processo de tomada de decisão que melhor atenda às necessidades e aos anseios da população em questão. Muitos foram os conflitos, principalmente, entre o arquiteto/pesquisador e o contratante/poder público, em virtude das diferenças de entendimento e abordagem, que se interpuseram na reconstrução de um espaço urbano em que, por lei, era obrigatório o envolvimento ou a participação do usuário para validar o próprio empréstimo. Entre essas diferenças estava a divergente concepção do que seria qualidade para a população, a que estariam destinadas os investimentos, constituídas de famílias de poucos recursos. Também apresenta uma síntese metodológica no aprimoramento para a elaboração de projetos e obras de urbanização de favelas, atendendo não apenas a administração pública como também a população que recebe o investimento tendo como desafio a dimensão de uma educação não-formal, potencializando uma maneira ativa de participação popular que aponta, partir da manifestação do coletivo, para uma qualidade de cidadania, que institui o cidadão como criador de direitos para abrir novos espaços, capaz de influenciar políticas públicas. / This masters degree dissertation addresses some issues regarding participation, such as education and citizenship strategies, in achieving public areas in their physical-political and qualitative transformation in the environment management. The dissertation is refering to the analysis of experiences in sub-normal settlements where the architect/researcher strived to plan, develop, and execute projects from the perspective of those receiving the investments, although Public Power contracted their jobs, by understanding that participating is being able to make decisions in some process that will change, either spontaneously or not, the destiny of a given situation, targeting a tomorrow which should be improved as of today. Thus, social individuals need to gather worthy information and stimulate discussions within a multiple environment that is diversified in away to perceive and cope with actually relevant issues of the scenario. Resulting from discussions, creative solutions may start to come up in the decision-making process that better meet the needs and wishes of the target population. Many conflicts ensued between the architect/researcher and the contracting party, Public Power, because of the differences of understanding and approach that interfered in the rebuilding of an urban area where the involvement or participation of users was mandatory by law to validate the loan itself. Among these differences, there was the divergent conception of what should be considered as quality for the population for whom investments were designated and what was constituted of low-income families. Also, what it is presents a methodological synthesis to improve project design and urbanization construction works in squatter settlements - favelas - by responding not only to public administration, but also to the population receiving the investment. The challenges include: the dimension of an informal education, and the empowerment of an active manner of popular participation that points to, from the populations manifestations, a citizenship quality, one which institutes the citizen as a rights designer to open new areas, enabled to influence public policies.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2018-08-13T13:07:32Z No. of bitstreams: 1 fernandotadeudearaujolima.pdf: 30345992 bytes, checksum: 11b123f41224b7ae8946de219847f74e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2018-08-13T13:08:14Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 fernandotadeudearaujolima.pdf: 30345992 bytes, checksum: 11b123f41224b7ae8946de219847f74e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-13T13:08:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 fernandotadeudearaujolima.pdf: 30345992 bytes, checksum: 11b123f41224b7ae8946de219847f74e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-04-29 / PROQUALI (UFJF) / Esta investigação centra-se na elaboração de um sistema que articula métricas de avaliação de desempenho a recursos e funcionalidades algorítmico-paramétricas, de maneira a permitir analisar e otimizar diferentes aspectos relativos ao grau de eficiência e às possibilidades de operação de configurações geométricas e algébricas de uma determinada área urbana. Neste âmbito, esta tese aborda o uso de recursos computacionais e ferramentas algorítmicas especificamente elaboradas para mensurar a performance de áreas urbanas, sob a perspectiva de princípios objetivamente mensuráveis do Desenvolvimento Orientado pelo Transporte (DOT), um modelo de desenvolvimento urbano que visa a cidades mais autônomas e mais sustentáveis. Mais especificamente, a presente pesquisa visa a verificar como atributos mensuráveis, geométricos e algébricos (e, portanto, programáveis) do DOT podem ser implementados por meio de um modelo computacional que utiliza métodos de otimização para dar suporte à tomada de decisão no processo de projetos urbanos. Assim, este trabalho é orientado no sentido da elaboração de um sistema que possa ser integrado a processos de projeto urbano, fornecendo suporte à organização de bairros e cidades e contribuindo para o aprimoramento das possibilidades de análise e proposição em contextos urbanísticos. / This research focuses on the development of a system that articulates performance evaluation metrics to algorithmic-parametric features and functionalities, in order to analyze and optimize different aspects related to the degree of efficiency and to the possibilities of operation of geometric and algebraic configurations of a given urban area. In this context, this thesis deals with the use of computational resources and algorithmic tools specifically designed to assess the performance of urban areas, from the perspective of objectively measurable principles of Transit Oriented Development (TOD), an urban development model aimed at more autonomous and sustainable cities. More specifically, the present research aims at verifying how TOD's measurable, geometric and algebraic (and therefore programmable) attributes can be implemented through a computational model that uses optimization methods to support decision making in urban design processes. Thus, this work is oriented toward the elaboration of a system that can be integrated to urban design processes, providing support to the organization of neighborhoods and cities and contributing to the improvement of analysis and proposition possibilities in urbanistic contexts.

Orientador: Silvia Aparecida Mikami Gonçalves Pina / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e Urbanismo / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-25T10:06:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DePaoli_Dina_D.pdf: 5161820 bytes, checksum: 4394ba93d7403d4247ccf6beebccdb46 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: Na construção da casa, constrói-se a cidade, sobretudo porque a casa é o lugar privilegiado das atividades cotidianas da vida privada, que se associa à vida pública. Entre o espaço privado da moradia e o espaço público da cidade há um vínculo orgânico que estabelece relações entre a habitação e o bairro, a cidade e as pessoas, tanto do ponto de vista formal quanto de valor multidimensional. Tais relações compõem uma rede de serviços e equipamentos urbanos para se revelar enquanto cidade e ser apropriada pelas comunidades enquanto território habitacional, fortalecendo o vínculo entre os cidadãos e destes com o ambiente urbano. A qualidade ambiental dos bairros habitacionais de interesse social, embora seja tema presente no cenário de pesquisas, ainda remete e requer novos estudos para que se realize efetivamente. A motivação dessa pesquisa advém da convicção da necessidade de se reforçar o olhar sobre a problemática habitacional como tema relacionado às questões urbanas. E tem como hipótese a premissa de que o desenho urbano pode ser também o instrumento para uma abordagem focada no valor multidimensional, de perspectiva holística, que contribua para qualidade ambiental e para construção de bairros habitacionais, permitindo o fortalecimento de comunidades. O objetivo é identificar como o Desenho Urbano pode expressar os valores percebidos e desejados pelos moradores e usuários na conformação de bairros e cidade com qualidade. Para tanto, realizou-se um estudo de caso, tendo como objeto de estudo três conjuntos habitacionais significativos no âmbito da região Metropolitana de Campinas, SP, os quais possuem tipologias e escalas distintas e não constituem condomínios fechados. Para identificação do valor subjetivo e multidimensional do desenho urbano desenvolveu-se uma metodologia de avaliação com uso de cartas de valor e da técnica de preferencia declarada, por sua possibilidade de estimar a demanda por novos produtos com novos atributos e características. Os resultados apontam uma hierarquização dos parâmetros de valor do desenho urbano, determinados pelo índice geral de importância que confirmam a hipótese inicial. Tais diretrizes visam proporcionar suporte para a concepção de projetos de bairros habitacionais plenos na sua qualidade, especialmente de seus espaços de uso comum e sua inserção urbana, promovendo assim a construção de territórios habitacionais / Abstract: When a house is built, the city is being built; a house is the privileged place of all daily activities of private life, which are connected with the public life. Between the private space of the home and the public realm, there is an organic link, which establishes the relationship of housing and its neighbourhood, the city and the people, from the formal point of view and from the multidimensional value point of view. These relations are part of a net of urban equipments and services to reveal as a city and be appropriated by the communities as a housing territory, strengthening the link between citizens and between citizens and the urban environment. The social neighbourhood environmental quality is a concern in the present research scenery, nevertheless continues to evoke new studies to contribute to life quality. This research started from the understanding that the actual social housing developments are not understood as a complete housing territory, especially because they are being built focusing only in the house unit. The main concern of this research is the qualification of neighbourhoods and social housing developments with the objective to contribute for more sustainable cities with higher life quality, considering its possible influence in the urban centres. It also considers that the qualification of these social housing areas needs focus and actions related to the urban design principles in order to form social territories in its full concept. The hypothesis is based in the premise that the urban design can be also an instrument for an approach focus in the multidimensional value, in a holistic perspective, which contributes for more environmental quality and for the construction of residential neighbourhoods, making the communities stronger. Understanding that, housing is not just a unit to live in, but necessarily is part of a net of services and equipments to reveal a city and be appropriated as a housing territory. Part of the problems that happens nowadays and the lack of quality in the majority of theses housing developments are the results of this shortsighted point a view. However, the delivery of the desired quality in housing developments should consider the residents and community perceived values, without losing the development viability for the other agents involved in the process and the housing policies. Therefore, the objective of this research is to identify how the urban design can express the community¿s perceived and desired values in the construction of neighborhoods and cities with quality. The adopted methodology is the case study. Three different typologies of social housing developments where selected, two from the private sector and one public, localized in the Metropolitan Region of Campinas, São Paulo. To identify the subjective urban design and multidimensional values based on the Stated Preference Method, a methodology was developed with illustration cards and a questionnaire on the socioeconomical situation of the sample. Statistical inferences were obtained based on Bootstrap confidence values. Results pointed to a hierarchy of urban design value parameters, which confirm the initial hypothesis. As a contribution, an urban design agenda and conceptual and project guidelines were developed to help in the new housing design projects and redevelopments in the social housing territories / Doutorado / Arquitetura, Tecnologia e Cidade / Doutora em Arquitetura, Tecnologia e Cidade

Orientador: Evandro Ziggiatti Monteiro / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e Urbanismo / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-26T02:06:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Freire_RodrigoArgenton_M.pdf: 29226603 bytes, checksum: ac62b4b0b434410de07161e36ee4d9be (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: O processo de desenvolvimento urbano compacto é associado à sustentabilidade e tem como aspectos principais o uso eficiente do solo e a vitalidade urbana em diferentes períodos do dia. Essas características relacionam-se a duas dimensões: densidade e diversidade. No entanto, existe uma tendência de dispersão e fragmentação do tecido urbano evidenciada nas cidades latino-americanas. Essa evidência é, no entanto, geral, e portanto deve-se compreender como os diferentes níveis de compacidade existem no território e como se traduzem em termos de forma urbana. Parte-se do pressuposto que diferentes áreas apresentam diferentes níveis de densidade e formas de ocupação do solo. O objetivo da pesquisa é relacionar as dimensões de compacidade e forma urbana de três municípios que compõem a Região Metropolitana de Campinas (Hortolândia, Valinhos e Campinas). A pesquisa, de caráter exploratório, é estruturada por meio do estudo de caso dos três municípios. A caracterização é realizada por meio da identificação dos níveis de densidade e diversidade dos setores censitários, utilizados pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE), e consequente agrupamento desses para composição de recortes espaciais. Em seguida, é proposta a leitura morfológica de cada recorte buscando-se associar os níveis de densidade e diversidade com os aspectos morfológicos. Os resultados encontrados permitem identificar que não existe uma relação direta entre os níveis de densidade e diversidade, mas permitem o estabelecimento de relações entre ambas as dimensões e os aspectos morfológicos, sendo que a forma urbana acaba por representar alto grau significância na caracterização dos níveis de compacidade e impacta, diretamente, na sustentabilidade urbana / Abstract: Compact urban development is constantly associated to sustainability and has as main characteristics, land use efficiency and urban vitality in different periods of the day. Both aspects are related to two dimensions: density and diversity. Meanwhile, there is a tendency for urban dispersion and fragmentation that can be noticed on Latin American cities. This evidence is, indeed general. It is necessary that the different levels of compactness are understood in an intra-urban context, i.e., how they are distributed within a metropolitan region and what it means in morphological terms. We depart from the assumption that different areas will present different aspects of density and diversity. Therefore, the aim to the research is to relate both compactness dimensions: density and diversity, the urban form from three cities of Campinas Metropolitan Region (RMC) ¿ Brazil, (Hortolândia, Valinhos e Campinas). The characterization is realized by identifying the levels of density in the census tract used by the Brazilian census bureau (IBGE), and consequently grouping of those areas in order to determine spatial areas of analysis. Afterwards, these intraurban areas are read in terms of its morphological aspects. The results show that there is not direct relation between the levels of density and diversity within the cities. However, urban form seems to be closely related to both dimensions, as they present specific characteristics depending on the level of compactness. In addition to that, both dimensions are closely related to urban sustainability / Mestrado / Arquitetura, Tecnologia e Cidade / Mestre em Arquitetura, Tecnologia e Cidade

Tierps kommun upplever demografisk och ekonomisk tillväxt, och Tierps tätort är i behov av förnyelse och upprustning. Människor som lever i en stad som upplever tillväxt har högre förväntningar och ställer högre krav på offentliga miljöers hållbarhet, utformning och design. En centrummiljö som är tryggare, mer attraktivt och tillgängligt eftersträvas av Tierps kommun. Denna fallstudie är avgränsad till Centralplan i Tierps centrum och på platsen finns Tierps resecentrum, butiker och andra verksamheter. Syftet med denna studie är att uppfylla Tierps kommuns mål genom att skapa en social och välkomnande mötesplats för alla människor. Centralplan i Tierp har studerats utifrån Jan Gehls metoder för att studera det offentliga livet. Den avgränsade platsens fysiska förutsättningar har inventerats. Faktorer som sol, vind, material, verksamheter och fysisk utformning har studerats. Platsen har därefter analyserats utifrån Gehls 12 kvalitetskriterier. Kartläggning av människors sociala beteende i relation till platsens byggda miljö har även utförts. Denna kartläggning har bestått av Gehls metoder counting, mapping och tracing. För djupare insikt i platsens fysiska och sociala förutsättningar har förbipasserande intervjuats. Intervjufrågorna bestod av strukturerade frågor med möjlighet för respondenter att svara med öppna svarsalternativ. Detta gav respondenterna möjlighet att fritt beskriva hur de upplevde Centralplan och vad de ville förändra. Sedermera, grupperades och analyserades intervjusvaren för undersökning av statistiska samband. Utifrån observationer, intervjuer samt erhållen kunskap om planeringsteorier, har ett gestaltningsförslag skapats över en mer attraktiv, social och välkomnande mötesplats för alla människor. Studien har, med detta gestaltningsförslag över Centralplan, bidragit till kunskapen om svenska småstäders och deras byggda miljöer, samt hur dessa kan analyseras utifrån Gehls metoder. / Tierp´s municipality is experiencing demographic and economic growth, and Tierp´s urban centre needs renewal and renovation. People living in a city experiencing growth have higher expectations and higher demands on public spaces´ sustainability and design. Tierp´s municipality seeks for an urban environment that is more attractive, more secure and more available. This case study is delineated to Centralplan. The site contains Tierp´s centre for public transport, shops and other businesses. The purpose of this study is to fulfill the municipality goals by creating a social and welcoming meeting place for everybody. Centralplan was studied with Jan Gehl´s methods of studying public life. Centralplan´s built environment was inventoried and factors such as sun, wind, building material, businesses and physical design were documented. Centralplan was analyzed with Gehl´s 12 quality criterias. People´s social behaviour in relation to the built environment was also studied through Gehl´s methods counting, mapping and tracing. For deeper insight into Centralplan´s physical and social conditions, bypassers were interviewed. The interviews consisted of structured questions with possibility to answer openly, giving respondents the chance to freely explain how they experienced Centralplan and what they wanted to change. Subsequently, the answers were grouped and analyzed for statistical significance. Through observations, interviews and obtained knowledge about planning theory, a design proposal has been created over a more attractive, social and welcoming meeting place for everybody. The creation of a design proposal over Centralplan, has contributed to the knowledge of Swedish towns and their built environments, and thus how they can be analyzed with Gehl´s methods.

The overarching goal of this research is to establish a successful forum for a transition from the existing paradigm of managing wastewater infrastructure to a more sustainable paradigm that achieves a more efficient utilisation of wastewater assets. A transitioning approach to support a more efficient utilisation of surface water and wastewater assets and infrastructure is proposed and developed. The determined transitioning approach possesses key stages namely developing the arena, developing the agenda, case study, and monitoring. The case study stage investigates a drainage utility identifying their improvement drivers, the removal of surface water through detailed drainage modelling and the financial examination of the costs incurred under the various scenarios conducted. Understanding the implications of removing/attenuating surface water from the network is improved through obtaining data by detailed drainage modelling. Infoworks software is used to investigate and assess the current and future operational scenarios of a wastewater system operating over one calendar year. Modelling scenarios were conducted removing surface water from selected areas focusing on the volumes requiring pumping and durations of pumping station(s) operation prior to treatment during storm conditions. The financial implication of removing surface water in combined sewer systems is examined in three main components. Firstly the costs of electricity incurred at the single sewage pumping station (SPS) investigated during the various scenarios modelled require to be addressed. Secondly the costs to retrofit sustainable urban drainage system (SUDS) solutions needs to be identified. Thirdly the implications of removing surface water for the drainage utility at the national level and the potential saving for householder’s committing to a surface water disconnection rebate scheme. When addressed at the macro level i.e., with over 2,100 pumping stations, some operating in sequence and contained within one drainage utility annually treating 315,360 megalitres the significance of the same multiple quantifiable and intangible benefits becomes amplified. The research aims, objectives and findings are presented to the identified and convened stakeholders. The transitioning approach developed encourages positive discourse between stakeholders. The level of success of the transitioning approach determined is then tested using a quantitative methodology through the completion of questionnaires. From the questionnaires completed the respondents unanimously agreed that surface water flows should be removed as well as reduced from the combined sewer system. The respondents agreed that the removal of surface water from a typical combined sewer system is justified by applying a transitioning approach focusing on the energy consumption required to pump increased volumes during storm events. This response is significant based upon the economic evidence and is contrary to the respondents previous position that finance was their most influencing factor. When provided with other potentially available benefits the respondents were even more supportive of the justification to remove surface water from the combined sewer system. The combined findings of the work presented in this thesis provide further justification that the transitioning approach applied to the removal of surface water from a typical combined sewer system, as determined in this research has been successful.

Notre recherche s'inscrit dans le cadre de la problématique générale du développement et de la ville durable. En partant de l’analyse de notre environnement construit et notamment des réponses architecturales et urbaines à apporter en vue de diminuer de façon significative les émissions des gaz CO2, limiter l'effet de serre et préserver la biodiversité, nous nous sommes attachés à l'étude d'un écoquartier situé dans une ville emblématique du point de vue écologique, celle de Grenoble, et dans l'un de ses espaces urbains : la caserne de Bonne. Nous sommes partis de l'hypothèse que c'est tout d’abord au plan local, puis régional et national que l’on devra élaborer et mettre en pratique des solutions adaptées pour lutter contre toutes les formes de pollution, créer et innover en matière d'énergie renouvelable, tout en diminuant de façon progressive l'usage des énergies fossiles. C'est en tant qu'architecte urbaniste praticien que nous avons voulu apporter notre contribution dans ce domaine, en optant pour une analyse approfondie de l’écoquartier de l'ancienne caserne de Bonne à Grenoble. / Our research addresses the general issue of urban development and how to design sustainable cities through architecture and town planning. Our analysis focused on a study of caserne de Bonne, an ecodistrict located in Grenoble, which is an emblematic city from an ecological viewpoint. Our task was to significantly reduce CO2 gas emissions, limit the greenhouse effect, and preserve biodiversity. We developed our hypothesis to devise satisfactory solutions to fight pollution, reduce the use of fossil fuels, and create innovative ways to employ renewable energy. Our program will start locally, then expand on a regional and national level. We observed that in residential districts, remedies such as reducing transportation generated pollution, conserving energy, treating household waste, and other parameters,can be scaled up and implemented regionally and nationally. As architect and urban planner, we wanted to contribute to this field by providing an analysis of Bonne ecodistrict.

Streets are the most resilient elements in a city. While buildings are replaced and property borders redrawn, the streets remain. The primary means of planning new streets and the built environment surrounding it is by the creation of a two-dimensional plan - in a Swedish context called a detailed development plan. The two-dimensional plan is sometimes criticized for its inability to take the three-dimensional world into account and thus its inability to predict the actual outcome of the plan. To address this critique and provide additional understanding for this planning device, this paper empirically explores if the distribution of visual attention can  be predicted from a two-dimensional plan.  Visual attention is explored due to sight being the most prominent means used by humans to gather information in the urban environment. Fifteen subjects performed a simple, computerized eye-tracking experiment, whereby their visual attention was measured as they looked at 40 images on a monitor. The 40 images depicts four different street types: blocked, open, curved and angled, each of which was represented with a simple figure image, as per interpretation from a two-dimensional plan, as well as a photograph of the same environment, representing the actual outcome of the plan. The results show that the simple figure images have effective predictive capabilities, as  the distribution of visual attention exhibited a similar pattern in both the figure image and the photograph. The results also show that different patterns of visual attention are evoked by each of the four different street types. In sum, the results indicate that two-dimensional plans are able to predict the future three-dimensional outcome of a given plan in terms of visual attention. These indications are valuable for planners, architects, engineers and decision-makers when planning for new urban environments. The results are also valuable for understanding human perception of streets in a wider context.

Souvent négligées dans les pratiques urbanistiques, la thèse explore les formes de représentations des aspects sensibles de l'habiter mobilisables dans un processus de conception urbaine. À travers deux enquêtes de terrain nous montrons comment les habitants participent à la production d'un espace public créatif et résilient. Par espace public nous entendons sa double filiation théorique : lieu physique et espace politique. Nous ciblons l'observation sur les processus de transformation des lieux publics à travers la modification des usages et des significations que ces lieux ont pour les habitants. Nous traitons également l'espace public comme le lieu du débat politique, de la rencontre et du conflit dans la forme d'une pratique démocratique. Cet espace public particulier sera nommé : « espace public spontané ». Il est public et aussi spontané : il n'est pas conçu à l'avance, il n'est pas prémédité ou planifié. Lorsqu'il surgit spontanément, il peut disparaître de la même manière. Il est produit à partir des conditions et des vécus locaux. Une enquête ethnographique dont l'objet porte sur les espaces publics et sur les perceptions issues de l'expérience vécue et perçue par les habitants et les communautés, donne une intentionnalité à l'analyse de l'expérience sensible, car elle ne se limite pas aux dimensions de l'expérience sensible mais intègre également des aspects observés ou bien relevés par les habitants. Après le tremblement de terre et le tsunami du 27 février 2010 au Chili, nous avons remarqué comment dans une situation de bouleversement et de reconstruction des espaces de représentation, la dimension sensible joue un rôle clé. La situation catastrophique est génératrice d'espaces publics spontanés, elle génère un engagement pratique des habitants, mobilise des réactions sensibles et exacerbe le caractère hospitalier et résilient de l'espace public. À partir de l'étude de deux cas concrets, illustré par le campement d'urgence El Molino de Dichato et par la ville de Talca après la catastrophe, nous avons ciblé l'observation sur les pratiques d'implication des habitants pendant tout le processus de reconstruction de leur environnement, de leurs espaces publics et privés, ainsi que de leurs sphères d'intimité. Ces pratiques englobent l'ensemble des actions des habitants, depuis leurs actions les plus spontanées et éphémère visant à faire face à la reconstruction, à l'état d'urgence et aux vulnérabilités générées par les situations post-catastrophe, jusqu'aux actions les plus formalisées. Nous voulons compléter la compréhension d'une conception urbaine « participative » par cette notion d'investissement d'un espace public spontané, vécu comme un tiers inclus et capable d'introduire dans le débat des variables sensibles. Cette recherche donne lieu à des interrogations sur la conception urbaine en tant qu'espace commun d'expression, d'entendement et de traduction des aspects sensibles de l'expérience des habitants, où la distinction existante entre expert et novice peut être surpassé / Often neglected by the practice of urban planning, this thesis explores the forms of representation of the sensitive aspects of urban life in a process of urban design. Through two field surveys we show how the inhabitants participate in the production of a creative and resilient public space. By public space we understand its double theoretical filiation: physical and political. We target the observation in the transformation processes of the public places through the modification of the practices and the meanings that these places have for the inhabitants. We also handle the public space as the place of the political debate, the meeting and the conflict in the shape of a democratic practice. This particular public space will be named: “spontaneous public space”. It is spontaneous, because it is not designed and it is not planned. As it appears spontaneously, it can disappear in the same way. It is produced from real-life experiences and from local conditions. An ethnographical field survey focused on the experiences and perception of public spaces by the inhabitants and the communities, give an intentionality to the analysis of the sensitive experience, because it does not limit itself to the dimensions of the sensitive experience but integrates what is observed or either found by inhabitants. After the earthquake and the tsunami that occurred on February 27, 2010, off the coast of south-central Chile, we noticed how in a situation of upheaval and reconstruction of the spaces of representation, the sensitive plays a key-role. The catastrophic situation generates spontaneous public spaces; it generates a practical commitment of the inhabitants, mobilizes sensitive reactions and makes the public space more hospitable and resilient. From the study of two concrete cases -corresponding to the emergency camp El Molino of Dichato and to the city of Talca after the disaster- we focus the observation in the practices of implication of the inhabitants during all the process of reconstruction of their public and private spaces as well as their intimate spheres. These practices include all the actions of the inhabitants, from their most spontaneous and short-lived actions to face the reconstruction and the state of emergency and vulnerability of the situation post-disaster, to the most formalized actions. We want to complete the idea of a “participative” urban design with the notion of a spontaneous public space - autonomous of the participative plans - as an inclusive third space capable of introducing sensitive aspects in the debate. This research gives rise to questioning the urban design as a common space of expression and understanding, where the decoupling existing between the expertise and the novice can be surpassed

Varje år slänger svensken 74 kilo mat per person. För att förstå vad och varför vi slänger mat gick jag igenom vad ett hyreshus slänger i soprummet. Bland den slängda maten kunde jag se att de boende äter mycket ägg och tillsammans med de boende bestämde vi oss för att dem skulle testa att bli hönsägare. I mitt designarbete har jag designat ett modulärt hönshus och ett driftsystem för att de boende i hyreshuset tillsammans ska ta hand om höns och ge sina matrester till hönorna. Jag har undersökt vad de boende behöver för skapa gemenskap kring huset och på bäst sätt sköta driften. Med insikter från denna prototyp designade ytterligare ett modulärt hönshus, denna gång matas hönsen på Konstfack med Konstfacks restaurangs matrester. Jag kallar projektet ”The urban hens” och vill med detta projekt skapa en social mötesplats och verka för en mer cirkulär matekonomi som kan öka förståelse för matens värde.