This study presents an analysis of UR Play's homepage and its use of visual and textual elements as online control mechanisms from a technographic perspective with a focus on social semiotics. The study employed the social semiotic method of multimodal critical discourse analysis (MCDA). The findings revealed that UR Play employed conventions - socially accepted meanings familiar from other websites - in a user-oriented manner from a technical perspective, providing users with a sense of control and choices. For instance, program images were designed as clickable links, clearly indicating their interactive nature when the mouse hovered over them. UR's power as an established, trusted actor was expressed through the linguistic categorization and the determination of which programs received attention. Discourses of UR as a trusted knowledge authority were reiterated through lexical choices. The study emphasized the importance of digital literacy as a prerequisite for analysis and the need to develop new concepts within media research to better comprehend these dynamics. / Denna studie visar en analys av UR Plays startsida och dess användning av visuella och textuella element som styrmedel online utifrån ett teknografiskt perspektiv med ett socialsemiotiskt fokus. Studien har genomförts med hjälp av den socialsemiotiska metoden multimodalt kritisk diskursanalys (MCDA). Resultatet visade att UR play vid undersökningens genomförande använde konventioner - socialt vedertagna betydelser, bekanta genom andra webbsidor, på användarorienterat sätt ur ett tekniskt perspektiv som gav användarna en känsla av kontroll och valmöjligheter. Exempelvis hur programbilder byggts upp som länkar och tydligt visade sig klickbara när musen hovrade över dem. UR:s makt som etablerad aktör med högt förtroende tog sig uttryck genom språklig utformning av kategorier och genom bestämmandet av vilka program som fick uppmärksamhet. Diskurser av UR som betrodd aktör med makt över kunskap upprepades genom lexikala val. Studien underströk vikten av digital litteracitet som en förutsättning för analys och behovet av att utveckla nya begrepp inom medieforskningen för att förstå dessa dynamiker bättre.

Web-based services designed using human centered design methods containing instructions how to self-complete various tasks and providing interfaces to do them helped various organizations become more efficient. However, often software engineering teams have a lack of understanding of when and how users should bei nvolved when designing such systems. They are often unsure how to measure the impact of human centered design methods. This thesis presents a human centered design solution to designing a website for technical information and service tools for Windows services at CERN. This involved using a carefully chosen combination of design research methods to study user, stakeholder groups and their workflows as well as organizational requirements. I then used this data to inform the design decisions and outputs such as sitemaps, wireframes and a high fidelity prototype. The study focused on the role of these methods in the design process and how they could help to accomplish the goals of the project. Also, on evaluating the impact of these methods on the design outcome. It was found that interviews, card sorting and usability testing each had a role to play in the process with the new design performing significantly better than the old one. Further to this, usability testing was found to be a useful evaluation and development technique. / Webbaserade tjänster utvecklade efter människocentrerade utvecklingsmetoder innehållande instruktioner för att utföra vissa uppgifter och förse gränssnitt på egenhand har hjälpt ett flertal organisationer att bli effektivare. Dock har ofta mjukvaruutvecklingsteamen brist på förståelse utav när och hur användare skall vara inblandade i utvecklingen av dessa system. De är ofta osäkra på hur påverkan av en människocentrerad utvecklingsprocess skall mätas. Denna avhandling presenteraren människocentrerad utvecklingslösning för utveckling av en hemsida avsedd för teknisk information och tjänsteverktyg till windows services åt CERN. Detta involverade användning utav en noggrant utvald kombination utav forskningsresultat angående utvecklingsmetoder för att studera användare, intressenter och deras arbetsflöde samt organisations relaterade krav. Denna data användes sedan för att ta utvecklings relaterade beslut och framta resultat så som webbplatskartor, wireframes and en realistisk prototyp. Denna studie fokuserar på rollen utav dessa metoder i utvecklingsprocessen och hur de kan bidra till att åstadkomma målen för projektet. Samt, för att evaluera påverkan av dessa metoder på utvecklings processen. Det konstaterades att intervjuer, sortering utav kort och testning utav användbarhet alla hade en roll i varför den nya produkten presterade signifikant bättre än den äldre produkten. Samt test utav användbarhet visar sig vara ett bra verktyg och utvecklingsmetod.

В магистерской диссертации изучаются официальные сайты федеральных университетов России. Уделено внимание развитию сети таких вузов в России, анализируется информационное наполнение и функциональные возможности сайтов. Особое внимание уделено сравнительному анализу работы веб-сайтов. / The master's thesis studied the official sites of Russian federal universities. Attention is paid to the development of the institute federal universities in Russia, analyzes the content and functionality of the site. Particular attention is paid to the comparative analysis of the web sites.

В выпускной квалификационной работе магистранта рассматриваются полномочия законодательных собраний регионов, правовая база работы официальных веб-сайтов, проводится сравнительный анализ содержания и функционального наполнения сайтов. / In the student master thesis author examines the powers of legislative assemblies of the regions, the legal framework for the operation of official websites, comparative analysis of the content and functional content of the sites is conducted.

Актуальность темы выпускной квалификационной работы обусловлена потребностями бизнеса в своевременном освоении новых рынков сбыта и внедрении эффективных маркетинговых технологий. Целью данной работы является проектирование и создание системы маркетинга в интернет-среде для предприятия. Практическая значимость данной работы заключается в подготовке теоретической базы для создания полноценной системы интернет-маркетинга, а также начале ее реализации в виде разработки корпоративного сайта и рекламных материалов для действующего предприятия. / The relevance of the topic of final qualification work is due to the needs of the business in the timely development of new markets and the introduction of effective marketing technologies. The aim of this work is to design and create a marketing system in the Internet environment for the enterprise. The practical significance of this work lies in the preparation of the theoretical basis for creating a complete Internet marketing system, as well as the beginning of its implementation in the form of developing a corporate website and advertising materials for an existing enterprise.

Цель проекта заключается в разработке приложения, которое способно информационно поддержать структурный анализ веб-сайта. В функционал созданного приложения входят: разбор тегов, составляющих HTML-код приложения, построение карты сайта, определение ссылок на внешние адреса, нахождение и отображение в отдельном окне подгруженных на сайт графических ресурсов. В ходе выполнения ВКР были рассмотрены варианты использования данного приложения. Например, его можно использовать для оценки сложности и трудоемкости сайта. Для этого были изучены и адаптированы основные методики оценки трудоемкости создания программных продуктов. Результаты тестирования показали, что все функции приложения работают корректно и могут быть использованы в практической деятельности. / The goal of the project is to develop an application that is able to support the structural analysis of a website. The functionality of the created application includes the following stages: parsing the tags that make up the HTML code of a website under investigation, building the site map, determining links to external addresses, finding and displaying graphic resources uploaded into the site in a separate window. In this work, ways for implementing this application were considered. For example, it provides the functionality to assess the site complexity and labor costs for its development. In order to do this, main techniques for assessing labor costs of software development were learnt and adapted. Test results showed that all functions of the application were working correctly and could be used in practice.

The research investigates the feasibility of applying 2D accessibility guidelines to enhance a 3D digital planning tool's accessibility for individuals with visual impairments. Three primary research questions guide this study. It incorporated a mixed-method data collection approach to comprehensively investigate these questions. The study began with a designer interview to understand the current state of accessibility within a 3D planning tool, how designers ensure compliance with guidelines, guideline adherence, and implementation strategies.Subsequently, empirical user testing was conducted involving six participants with visual impairments. This methods aimed to obtain diverse user perspectives, emphasizing the user-centered nature of the study. The designer interview highlighted four critical accessibility issues: keyboard accessibility, information clarity, clear labeling, and focus visibility. Addressing these issues aligned the 3D planning tool with WCAG 2.1 guidelines and resulted in significant enhancements in it's accessibility.Empirical user testing revealed varying degrees of success among different users with visual impairments, highlighting both the successes and challenges of implementing accessibility features, and emphasizing the complexity of designing for individuals with visual impairments. The study identified key features that contributed to an enhanced user experience, including accessibility through assistive technology, effective scanning navigation strategies, and challenges for improvements in areas such as clear descriptions and interaction feedback. This research has broader implications, impacting both the practical and scientific fields of accessibility. It offers practical significance for companies like IKEA, emphasizing the importance of a user-centered approach to empower users and gather unique insights from individuals with disabilities. Contributing inclusivity and user-friendliness in 3D planning tools.The findings highlight the significance of accessible user interface elements and the importance of compatibility with assistive technologies. A need for inclusive design methods in the development of 3D planning tools and the creation of specific accessibility guidelines designed for 3D environments. In conclusion, this research demonstrates the feasibility of applying 2D accessibility guidelines to enhance the accessibility of 3D digital planning tools. The research contributes to both practical design considerations and the scientific understanding of accessibility challenges in 3D environments.It holds the potential to improve the industry, empower users, and enhance overall accessibility standards. The findings underscore the importance of user-centered design, the complexity of designing in 3D context and to diverse user needs, the interplay between accessibility and usability, and the ongoing need for improvements to enhance the user experience, to create more inclusive and user-friendly 3D digital planning solutions for everyone.

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This thesis gives you an introduction to rewarding conversations and a set of guidelines for reaching them more easily. I have found that there is an interest for having rewarding conversations with strangers. In a number of experiments I have tested a variation of arranged meetings between strangers aiming at creating rewarding conversations. This study have shown that more participants reaching rewarding conversations in a private meeting in contrast to a space where several conversations takes place. Several experiments has confirmed that there is an interest for listening to other people’s rewarding conversations and that they prefer longer, but edited conversations. By studying the experience of listing to a conversation I found that the understanding of what we hear will be different for everyone, down to the level of a specific word. Similarly the understanding of what you hear will change depended on if you are listening alone or with other people, which means that the surrounding situation affect what you perceive. It is still possible to recognise a general quality despite of subjective preferences. Based on the findings I have created a design proposal, a website whose goal is to encourage rewarding conversations through allowing to arranging and spreading them.