Os objetos da dissertação Entre texto e obra - Ronaldo Brito e Waltercio Caldas (1973-1983) são as trajetórias do crítico de arte Ronaldo Brito e do artista Waltercio Caldas durante a década de 1970 e início da década seguinte, as intersecções entre ambas e uma parte da dinâmica da arte contemporânea brasileira do período que sofreu os impactos dessas trajetórias. Esta dissertação propôs investigar as principais linhas de força que perpassaram a arte brasileira entre 1973 e 1983, e em que medida estes vetores marcaram os desdobramentos do meio artístico brasileiro a partir de então, tendo como referências os textos de Ronaldo Brito e a obra de Waltercio Caldas. Foi possível identificar alguns aspectos que marcaram as trajetórias pesquisadas e conseqüentemente, parte do panorama da arte brasileira do período, como as relações dialéticas estabelecidas com a experiência da arte moderna, as mudanças ocorridas paralelamente ao estabelecimento de um novo contexto internacional e o fortalecimento de preocupações ligadas ao papel do mercado de arte no meio artístico. / Between writings and art work . Ronaldo Brito and Waltercio Caldas (1973-1983) dissertation objects are the trajectory of Ronaldo Brito, art reviewer, and the artist Waltercio Caldas in the 70´s and beginning of the 80´s, the intersection between them and a part of the discussion about Brazilian contemporary art of the time that suffered the impact of these trajectories. The proposal of this text was investigate the main power lines that crossed over Brazilian art between 1973 and 1983 and, in what measure these vectors remarked the evolution of Brazilian art environment since then, using as references Ronaldo Brito texts and Waltercio Caldas works of art. It was possible to verify some aspects that remarked the studied trajectories and, consequently, a part of Brazilian art scene of the time as the dialectic relations settled with the modern art experience, the changes that occurred in parallel to the establishment of a new international context and the strengthen of concerns tied to the role of the art market in artistic environment.

This master thesis examines the heritage of the Prague journal Volja Rossii, one of the leading Russian emigration's periodical publications in 1920s, in terms of literary criticism. The research aims to describe the main tendencies in the perception of current socio-political processes of that era, as well as the Soviet literature and other cultural processes in SSSR of the interwar period, by the magazine's critics and columnists. Furthermore, this study includes biographical data, thematical and theoretical preferences in publications of the key personalities in the journal's editorial staff.

Auguste Perret made his mark in history as the first architect to make use of ferroconcrete as an expressive material. The Rue Franklin apartments, the Garage Ponthieu, and the Church in Le Raincy are all milestones in the development of world architecture. In my dissertation, I have outlined the situation in the French architectural criticism in the first decades of the 20th century in order to provide background to Perret's career, which is chronologically treated in another part of the dissertation and completed with an overview of Perret's important buildings. I also wanted to demonstrate the interconnection of his projects with his theoretical thinking. I have referred to the sources of Perret's doctrine and presented the themes that this architect consistently developed throughout his creative life. In my research I took advantage of a rich collection of preserved archives of Perret's office, and both historical and contemporary literature. In another part of the dissertation, I attempted to find answers to the questions of Perret's reception in the Czech context and his contacts with Czech architects. I was also interested in Perret's relation to Czech architecture and in the last section I examined whether we can find works in Czech architecture that directly reflect Perret's influence. We...

The present master’s thesis is devoted to the analysis of intrigue and its functions in the novels and dramatic works of Swiss classic F. Dürrenmatt, which builds on a detailed preliminary (propaedeutic) study of the history of intrigue as a literary category. The conclusion suggests that the writer’s works present a synthesis of different types of intrigue: the external, which serves as a principal means of building the plot of his novels, and the internal, which is the basis of the philosophical product of the conflict. Combining these different types of intrigue helps Dürrenmatt reconsider the theory of detective and comedy, bringing these “non-classical”genres to a new level: making them intellectually “substantial” and meanwhile, still interesting to the general reader. / В представленной магистерской диссертации на основании подробного предварительного (пропедевтического) исследования истории и теории интриги как литературоведческой категории проведен анализ ее функций в романах и драматических произведениях швейцарского классика Ф. Дюрренматта. Делается вывод о том, что в творчестве писателя наблюдается синтез разных типов интриги: внешней, являющейся организующим началом сюжета его романов, и внутренней, являющейся основой философского конфликта произведения. Сочетая в своём творчестве разные типы интриги, Дюрренматт переосмысляет теорию комедии и детектива, поднимает на новую высоту «неклассические» жанры, «интеллектуализируя» их содержание, но оставляя их интересными массовому читателю.

Esta dissertação tem como objeto de estudo o livro Dia do Mar (1947) da escritora portuguesa Sophia de Mello Breyner Andresen. A leitura dos poemas mostra-nos a preocupação da autora com a relação estabelecida entre o homem e o mundo em que vive. Daí, destaca-se a relação do eulírico com a natureza, que compõe a poesia de Sophia Andresen de modo muito especial. A partir dessa evidência, passamos a pensar a questão do homem em relação ao meio natural sob duas óticas, a pagã e a cristã, e isso pelo fato de que Sophia consegue conjugar em sua obra, de maneira muito pessoal, os dois pensamentos em questão. Percebemos, então, que a natureza é, na obra da poeta, um meio para se atingir uma relação harmônica com o mundo, pois o espaço natural tem a função de unir a voz-poética à divindade. Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar os poemas da autora em que se evidenciem a presença do sagrado pagão e do sagrado cristão. / This dissertation has as object of study the book Dia do Mar (Day of the Sea) (1947) of the portuguese writer Sophia de Mello Breyner Andresen. The reading of the poems shows us the author\'s concern with the relationship established between the man and the world in that he lives. Then, it stands out the relationship of the I-lyrical with the nature, that composes the poetry of Sophia Andresen in a very special way. From that evidence, we started thinking the man\'s subject in relation to the natural way under two optics, the pagan and the christian, and that for the fact that Sophia gets to conjugate in her work, in a very personal way, the two thoughts in subject. We noticed, then, that the nature is, in the poet\'s work, a form to reach a harmonic relationship with the world, because the natural space has the function of uniting the poetic voice to the divinity. This work has as objective analyzes the author\'s poems in those are evidenced the sacred pagan and the sacred christians presence.

Esta dissertação tem como objeto de estudo o livro Dia do Mar (1947) da escritora portuguesa Sophia de Mello Breyner Andresen. A leitura dos poemas mostra-nos a preocupação da autora com a relação estabelecida entre o homem e o mundo em que vive. Daí, destaca-se a relação do eulírico com a natureza, que compõe a poesia de Sophia Andresen de modo muito especial. A partir dessa evidência, passamos a pensar a questão do homem em relação ao meio natural sob duas óticas, a pagã e a cristã, e isso pelo fato de que Sophia consegue conjugar em sua obra, de maneira muito pessoal, os dois pensamentos em questão. Percebemos, então, que a natureza é, na obra da poeta, um meio para se atingir uma relação harmônica com o mundo, pois o espaço natural tem a função de unir a voz-poética à divindade. Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar os poemas da autora em que se evidenciem a presença do sagrado pagão e do sagrado cristão. / This dissertation has as object of study the book Dia do Mar (Day of the Sea) (1947) of the portuguese writer Sophia de Mello Breyner Andresen. The reading of the poems shows us the author\'s concern with the relationship established between the man and the world in that he lives. Then, it stands out the relationship of the I-lyrical with the nature, that composes the poetry of Sophia Andresen in a very special way. From that evidence, we started thinking the man\'s subject in relation to the natural way under two optics, the pagan and the christian, and that for the fact that Sophia gets to conjugate in her work, in a very personal way, the two thoughts in subject. We noticed, then, that the nature is, in the poet\'s work, a form to reach a harmonic relationship with the world, because the natural space has the function of uniting the poetic voice to the divinity. This work has as objective analyzes the author\'s poems in those are evidenced the sacred pagan and the sacred christians presence.

Notre thèse envisage le rapport entre critique d’art et expression poétique dans l’œuvre de Bernard Noël. Elle comprend trois parties qui articulent sa prose d’idées artistiques avec son imaginaire et sa lyrique du regard et du corps.Dans un souci de représentativité, notre recherche suit certaines thématiques significatives traversant l’œuvre de Bernard Noël, de la critique d’art à la poésie. Les deux parties liminaires se fondent sur une sélection de critiques d’art. Dans la première, les écrits sur Ramón Alejandro et François Lunven donnent l’occasion de retracer la généalogie de la littérature d’art chez Bernard Noël. Sont ensuite traitées les critiques relatives à Magritte, Matisse et Masson, qui se révèlent fondamentales pour le parcours poétique de l’auteur. Sont enfin envisagées, à travers les textes sur Télémaque, Klasen, Debré et Wou-Ki, la figuration et l’abstraction, ces mouvements aux antipodes l’un de l’autre. La deuxième partie de la thèse fait dialoguer critique d’art et poétique. La progression de l’analyse permet alors de reprendre à nouveaux frais certains acquis de la section précédente. Les critiques consacrées à Moninot, à Fred Deux, à Moreau, à David et à Géricault sont rapportées de façon plus spécifique aux éléments qui constituent la poétique personnelle de l’auteur (représentation du corps, opposition corps-esprit, correspondances entre peinture et écriture). La pratique poétique de Bernard Noël fait l’objet de la troisième partie : il s’agit non seulement d’y déceler les modes d’expression versifiée du regard, notamment dans les poèmes inspirés par des œuvres plastiques (graphiques, picturales ou sculpturales), mais encore d’y relever les principes de collaboration régissant les livres de dialogue avec les artistes contemporains. Ce faisant, le prisme de la poétique de Bernard Noël permet d’interroger la notion de réalisme dans la peinture française, la période surréaliste, l’abstraction d’après-guerre, ou encore le mouvement de la nouvelle figuration.Notre corpus, qui ne se prétend pas exhaustif, est constitué de monographies de peintres significatives, tout autant que de textes issus de catalogues d’expositions. Il comporte des poèmes d’art et des livres à figures, tant il est vrai que la place de la peinture et de la sculpture est centrale dans l’œuvre de Bernard Noël. Son rapport à l’art conditionne, en effet, sa relation existentielle, esthétique, voire politique, à la société comme au monde. / Our thesis contemplates the connection between art criticism and poetic expression in the work of Bernard Noël. This thesis is articulated in three parts and it analyses how the prose d'idées artistiques of the poet is melted with his imaginary and his lyrics of eyes and body.Our research is led by a representativeness intent and it follows some significant thematic through the work of Bernard Noël. The two preliminary parts are based on a selection of art criticism. In the first part the writings about Ramon Alejandro and François Luven give us the opportunity to go back to the genealogy in Bernard Noël work. In the same part we examine the critics regarding Magritte, Matisse and Masson which turned out crucial to the author's poetic process. Then we contemplate, through the texts about Télémaque, Klasen, Debré and Wou-Ki, figuration end abstraction as movements one opposite to the other. The second part of the thesis engages art criticism and poetic. The progression of the analysis allows to recall some issues of the previous section.The critics addressed to Moninot, Fred Deux, Moreau, David and Géricault are treated in a more specific way to and mixed with elements which constitute author’s personal poetic (body representation, body and mind opposition, painting-writing connection). Bernard Noël's poetic practice is the subject of the third part: here we try to reveal not only the versified expressions use, especially in the poems inspired by plastic art works (graphics, paintings or sculpture), but also the principles of collaboration which stand above the books of dialogue with the contemporary artists.Through the analysis of the work of Bernard Noël we can examine the concept of realism in the french painting, the surrealist period, the abstraction movement after the war or the new figuration movement.Our corpus, which claims not to be exhaustive, is made by monographs of important painters and by texts of exposition catalogues. It includes art, poems and figure books since it is true that the place of painting and sculpture it’s central in Bernard Noël’s work as his relationship with art which influences his existence, aesthetics, even political view of society and of the world.

Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht den Nationalpreis für Literatur („Premio Nacional de Literatura“) in Chile, der 1942 ins Leben gerufen wurde und mit welchem bis 2014 48 männliche und 4 weibliche Autoren prämiert wurden. Sein Bestehen über mehr als sieben Jahrzehnte und seine offizielle feierliche Verleihung hat durchgehend die Aufmerksamkeit des chilenischen literarischen Feldes erregt und bot im gleichen Zuge einen öffentlicher Anlass, den Wert der Literatur auf verschiedenen Ebenen neu zu denken und zu diskutieren. Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist, ausgehend von dieser vielseitigen Diskussion eine Analyse der Inhalte und Grundlagen der Debatte über den Stellenwert von Literatur und von SchriftstellerInnen sowie deren Veränderungen in Chile vorzunehmen. Die Arbeit ist diachronisch angelegt und basiert auf der Sammlung und Kategorisierung offizieller Berichte, individueller Aussagen und öffentlicher Debatten, die alljährlich rund um die Vergabe des Nationalpreises publik werden. Die Ergebnisse der Forschungsarbeit zeigen, dass seit den 1940er Jahren in Chile Literatur tendenziell anhand der politisch-ethischen Position der AutorInnen astatt der Ästhetik der Texte bewertet wurde. Das heißt, in den meisten Fällen wurde ein Autor anhand seines gesellschaftlichen Engagements anstatt der Qualität seiner Texte ausgewählt. Dieser Sachverhalt erklärt sich durch die große Bedeutung, die der chilenische Staat bis heute als Plattform für Finanzierung, Ausbildung und Förderung künstlerischer Werdegänge, inne hat. / The present dissertation investigates the Chilean National Prize for Literature ("Premio Nacional de Literatura"), founded in 1942, which has been awarded to 48 male and 4 female authors to date. Its existence for more than seven decades and the solemnity of the official award ceremonies has attracted the attention of the Chilean literary field, offering a public occasion and forum to rethink and discuss the value of literature on different levels. The main objective of this research is to present and analyze the arguments that were used in this context to explain why writers and literature are important. The dissertation is diachronic and based on the collection and categorization of official reports, individual statements, and public debates, which were held annually around the awarding of the national prize between 1942 and 2014. The results of this investigation show that, since the 1940s, the arguments used to talk about the importance and value of literature tended to give more importance to the political-ethical profile of the writers, rather than an esthetic dimension. This means that in most of the cases writers were valued for their social engagement rather than the quality of their books. This has happened because of the State’s importance both as financial source for Chilean writers and as network for the development of their intellectual and artistic careers. / La presente investigación está dedicada al Premio Nacional de Literatura en Chile, fundado el año 1942 y que, hasta el año 2014, condecoró a 48 escritores y 4 escritoras. Su fundación hace más de 7 décadas, y su entrega y ceremonia oficiales han logrado concentrar año a año la atención del medio literario chileno, ofreciendo de paso una instancia pública y periódica donde discutir y reflexionar en torno al valor de la literatura y los escritores. El objetivo de esta investigación es, a partir de la organización y análisis de estas discusiones, presentar los argumentos que han fundado un discurso sobre la importancia de la literatura en Chile, y explicar cómo es que esos fundamentos se han transformado. La estructura de este trabajo es diacrónica y se basa en la exposición y categorización de los motivos recogidos en reportes oficiales, declaraciones de los escritores y la diversidad de artículos de prensa surgidos a propósito de la entrega del Premio Nacional. Los resultados de esta pesquisa informan que en el medio cultural chileno desde los años ’40 en adelante los criterios de valoración de lo literario tendieron a privilegiar la dimensión político-ética de los escritores, antes que la estética; es decir, que en la mayoría de los casos se les valoró por su compromiso social, antes que por la calidad de sus obras. Esto, a su vez, se ha explicado por la importancia que el Estado ha tenido hasta el día de hoy como plataforma de financiamiento, formación y acción para las carreras artísticas y literarias en Chile.

Luis Calandre Ibáñez (Cartagena 23/3/1890-Madrid 29/9/1961), estudió Medicina en Madrid, siendo discípulo de Cajal, Achúcarro y Madinaveitia en Madrid y de Nicolai y Benda en Alemania. Realizó estudios de Histología sobre la esructura de la fibra cardiaca, para comprender mejor la fisiopatología del corazón, campo de su especial dedicación, siendo uno de los introductores de la electrocardiografía en España, estudiando especialmente los trastornos del ritmo basándose en ella.Fundó y dirigió el Laboratorio de Anatomía Microscópica de la Residencia de Estudiantes (1914-1931). Fue Jefe del Servicio de Cardiología del Hospital Central de la Cruz Roja y Director del Hospital de Carabineros durante la guerra civil (1937.1939). Publicó más de setenta artículos en revistas especializadas y ocho libros de contenido científico. Fundó y dirigió la revista "Archivos de Cardiología y Hematología" (1920-1936). Desarrolló una intensa labor social, política y cultural y al finalizar la guerra civil fue procesado y condenado padeciendo el exilio interior y el olvido científico. / Luis Calandre Ibáñez (Cartagena 1890-Madrid 1961), studied medicine in Madrid, where he was a disciple of Cajal, Achúcarro and Madinaveitia and then of Nicolai and Benda in Germany. He specialised in cardiac physiopathology, and studied histology on the struc Civil war. He published more than seventy articles in specialist journals and eightscientificbooks. He founded and directed the journal "Archivos de Cardiología y Hematología" (1920-1936). Intensely involved in social, political and cultural activities, he was tried and sentenced at the

Dans cette thèse est analysé le deuxième et dernier livre Beribilez (En voiture) de Jean Etchepare (1877-1935). Le but de la recherche est d’établir l'idéologie de l'auteur à l’âge adulte et l’image qu’il donne tout au long de ce récit de voyage, fait en voiture à travers le Pays Basque. On a utilisé deux méthodologies principalement : la sémiotique (Philippe Hamon) et l´imagologie (Daniel-Henri Pageaux). On a relu les critiques portant sur l´œuvre de cet auteur pour les comparer avec nos intuitions. Nous avons sondé la formation intellectuelle de Jean Etchepare, et nous avons vu qu'au Pays Basque du Nord, il était confronté à la pensée traditionnelle, dominante à cette époque. Durant la confrontation entre l'État et l'Église autour de la laïcisation, Etchepare a choisi une voie indépendante inspirée souvent par la philosophie allemande. Dans le domaine de la pensée esthétique, la vision du paysage basque est plutôt économiciste, l'appréciation des terres rurales se combine avec un mysticisme poétique. Au sein des beaux-arts, il critique l'enthousiasme théâtral du luxe religieux baroque qu'il voit dans le Sanctuaire de Loyola; dans l´aspect du savoir-vivre il s'éloigne modérément de l'ascétisme confessionnel traditionnel, donnant dans le texte une place inhabituelle jusqu’alors, aux petits plaisirs des sens (gastronomie, danse…). Dans le domaine de l'éthique, il critique la croissance urbaine de Saint-Sébastien : il proclame la spiritualité laïque contre le matérialisme et la dégénérescence de la haute bourgeoisie. Il prophétisa la Seconde Guerre mondiale qui s´approchait, parce qu'il voyait les êtres humains sans respect mutuel. En tant que positiviste, il critique aussi toute croyance irrationnelle. Enfin, il indique qu'à l'âge adulte il s'est aligné sur la philosophie grecque de la mesure. A propos du Pays Basque, il entend promouvoir la solidarité entre les deux versants basques des Pyrénées, en réinterprétant les avatars de l'Histoire de manière diplomatique. L'attitude envers le Sud-est de filia (Pageaux). En conclusion, on peut dire que l'écrivain dans ce livre a modélisé soigneusement l´expression de sa pensée, car il ne voulait pas que l´ouvrage soit rejeté, comme ce fut le cas avec le premier (Glanes, 1910). / The second book ((original Basque title) Beribilez; (engl.) By car) by Jean Etxepare (1877-1935) is analysed in this doctoral thesis. The aim of this research is to define the author’s ideology/ in his intellectual maturity and his image of the Basque Country, along the journey made by car through the Southern Provinces. Semiotic Methodology (Philippe Hamon) and Imagology (Daniel-Henri Pageaux) have been used as a study method. We have looked at the academic training of Jean Etxepare, and we have seen that in the Northern Basque Country he was confronted with the hegemonic traditional catholic way of thinking. During the years of dissent between the State and the Church, Etxepare chose the free-thinking path, inspired by German philosophy. In the area of aesthetics, his view of the Basque landscape is mostly economicist. His perspective of the appreciation of rural lands combines with a poetic mysticism. He considers the display of Baroque religious luxury that he sees in the Sanctuary of Loyola, spiritually deficient; we can see that, on the one hand, we are dealing with an intellectual author of petit bourgeois standing and sound artistic judgement... On the other hand, even if he proves to be a knowledgeable person, he is very capable of enjoying the small pleasures of life as gastronomy, wines, dances and eroticism in a harmonious and measured way. He moves moderately away from traditional confessional asceticism, giving in his book to the pleasures of the body an unusual and enlightening place unknown to the catholic dominant literature. In the field of ethics, he criticizes the urban growth of San Sebastian: he proclaims secular spirituality against the materialism and degeneration of the high bourgeoisie. He prophesied that there would be the Second World War, because he saw the human beings lacking mutual respect. As a positivist, he criticizes any irrational belief. Finally, he indicates that in adulthood he has been aligned with the Greek philosophy of measure, in spite of his non-conformist youth. About the Basque Country, he intends to promote solidarity between the two sides of the frontier, reinterpreting the history passages in a diplomatic way. His attitude towards the South is of a philia one (Pageaux). As a conclusion, we can say that the writer measured the expression of his dissident way of thinking, because he did not want his second book to be rejected as had been the case with the first one (Buruxkak, 1910).