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The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers
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Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
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Showing 631 to 638 of 638 (0.178 seconds)| 631 |
Restructurations et droit social / Restructuring and social lawGadrat, Magali 09 December 2014 (has links)
Dans un contexte économique instable, résultant notamment de la mondialisation des échanges, de la financiarisationde l’économie et de l’accélération des mutations technologiques, caractérisé de surcroît par l’apathie endémique de lacroissance économique française, la prospérité et la survie des entreprises dépendent de leur capacité à s’adapter enpermanence aux évolutions du marché pour pouvoir sauvegarder leur compétitivité, assurer leur développement etfaire face à une concurrence toujours plus vive. Si les restructurations sont indispensables pour assurer la pérennité desentreprises dont dépendent le maintien de l’emploi, le dynamisme du marché du travail et la création de richesse, ellesmettent fréquemment en péril les intérêts des salariés. Nombre d’entre elles menacent ainsi leur emploi et partant leursécurité économique et matérielle, mais également leurs droits collectifs qu’il s’agisse des avantages issus de leurstatut collectif ou de leur droit à participer à la détermination de leurs conditions de travail et à la gestion del’entreprise via leurs représentants, dont le mandat peut être affecté par une restructuration. Si ces opérations mettenten péril les intérêts des salariés et génèrent un coût social largement assumé par la collectivité nationale, le droit, enparticulier le droit social, ne peut remettre en cause les projets de restructuration. Ces décisions et leur mise en oeuvrerelèvent en effet de la liberté d’entreprendre des dirigeants de l’entreprise à laquelle le droit social ne saurait porteratteinte en s’immisçant dans leurs choix économiques et stratégiques. L’objet de cette étude est donc d’exposercomment, en dépit de son incapacité à influer sur les décisions de restructurations, le droit social tente d’en limiter lecoût social, en préservant au mieux les intérêts des salariés. / In an unsettled economic climate, the result in particular of globalisation of trade, the financialisation of the economyand accelerating technological change, further marked by the endemic apathy of French economic growth, theprosperity and survival of companies depend on their capacity to adapt constantly to market trends in order tosafeguard their competitiveness, to ensure their development and to stand up to ever increasingly harsh competition.Whilst restructuring is essential to ensure the long-term survival of companies, on which maintaining jobs, a dynamiclabour market and the creation of wealth all depend, it frequently endangers the interests of employees. Manyrestructuring operations thus threaten their employment and consequently their economic and material security, butalso their collective rights when it comes to advantages resulting from their collective status or their right to participatein determining their working conditions and in the management of the company through their representatives, whosemandate may be impacted by a restructuring operation. While such operations endanger the interests of employees andgenerate a social cost borne to a large extent by the national community, law, and in particular social law, cannotchallenge restructuring projects. Such decisions and their implementation fall within the purview of the freedom to actenjoyed by corporate managers that social law cannot in any way impede by interfering in their economic and strategicchoices. The purpose of this study is therefore to show how social law, despite its inability to influence restructuringdecisions, seeks to limit the social cost by preserving as best as possible the interests of employees.
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Die belewenis van werksbevredeging deur grondvlak maatskaplike werkersFortuin, Levona 30 November 2004 (has links)
Text in Afrikaans / The purpose of this research study was to determine whether social workers at ground-level experience job satisfaction in their current job situations, as well as to determine the motivational factors that play a role in this regard. Eleven non-governmental welfare organisations in the Boland Region were included in this investigation. Forty-seven social workers participated in this investigation. Based on this investigation into the experiences relating to job satisfaction of ground-level social workers, the following conclusions became evident: Younger social workers experience more job satisfaction then there counterparts in mid-life, while the social in the age bracket of 50 years and above seem to experience more job satisfaction. There seems to be a great deal of job dissatisfaction amongst social worker in the Boland Region as two thirds of the respondents indicated the intention to change their current places of employment. Based on theses conclusions, it is recommended that supervisors within region should establish a forum at which they can deliberate about their management role as supervisors in order to promote job satisfaction amongst social workers. / Social work / M.Diac.
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Validação da versão em português da entrevista telefônica para avaliação do estado cognitivo - modificada (TICS-M) em pacientes acometidos por acidente vascular cerebral / Validation of the portuguese version of the telephone interview for cognitive status - modified (tics-m) among post-stroke patientsAlessandra Fernandes Baccaro 04 June 2014 (has links)
Introdução: O AVC (acidente vascular cerebral) é uma das mais importantes causas de alterações neuropsicológicas. Uma avaliação cognitiva inicial realizada por telefone implicaria em um diagnóstico mais precoce de prejuízo cognitivo e demência, reduzindo custos e tempo. Objetivo: Examinar as propriedades psicométricas da versão brasileira da Entrevista Telefônica para Avaliação do Estado Cognitivo - Modificada (TICS-M) em pacientes pós-AVC. Métodos: Previamente à validação da TICS-M em indivíduos acometidos por AVC, foi realizada tradução para o Português do Brasil e adaptação transcultural da versão original da TICS-M em uma amostra de 30 sujeitos não clínicos. Após esta fase, um subgrupo de 61 pacientes com AVC, participantes do Estudo da Mortalidade e Morbidade do AVC (EMMA) que ocorre no Hospital Universitário da Universidade de São Paulo, foram convidados a participar da validação da TICS-M, seis meses após o evento agudo. A TICS-M foi aplicada em três momentos: avaliação inicial (entrevista presencial), uma e duas semanas após a primeira avaliação. Na avaliação inicial, além da TICS-M, questionários adicionais foram aplicados para avaliar a cognição: MoCA (Montreal Cognitive Assessment), MEEM (Mini Exame do Estado Mental); e para a depressão, HDRS (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale). Todos os questionários foram aplicados por duas entrevistadoras treinadas para o estudo. A confiabilidade intra-observador da TICS-M foi testada através dos coeficientes de Pearson, Intraclasse e alfa de Cronbach. As características internas do TICS-M também foram avaliadas através de uma análise exploratória utilizando o método Análise de Componentes Principais. A validade discriminatória do instrumento para rastreamento de demência pós-AVC foi avaliada em comparação a MEEM pela análise da área sob a curva (AUC) determinada pela curva ROC. Foram calculadas sensibilidade e especificidade para o ponto de corte ideal para rastrear demência. Resultados: De maneira geral, a TICS-M traduzida para o português apresentou um bom entendimento dos itens na mostra de indivíduos não clínicos. Foi observada uma frequência de 23% sugestiva de demência pós-AVC. O nível de escolaridade esteve positivamente associado ao estado demencial rastreado pelo MEEM. O estado depressivo assim como outras características de base não se associou à demência sugerida pelo MEEM. A confiabilidade teste-reteste intra-observador revelou taxas quase totais nos três momentos avaliados (Pearson Coeficiente > 0,85, Coeficientes de Correlação Intraclasse > 0,85 e Coeficiente alfa de Cronbach: 0,96). A análise fatorial determinou três domínios: memória de trabalho e atenção; memória recente e de evocação e orientação. A área sob a curva (AUC) determinada para a TICS-M em comparação com MEEM foi de 0,89 (intervalo de confiança 95%: 0,80-0,98). O ponto de corte sugerido para TICS-M foi de 14 pontos (escala de 0-39 pontos) para rastrear demência com sensibilidade de 91,5% e especificidade de 71,4%. Resultados semelhantes foram observadas com o MoCA. Conclusão: A versão brasileira da TICS-M sugere ser um instrumento de pesquisa útil e confiável para rastrear demência em pacientes pós-AVC / Introduction: Stroke is one most important cause of neuropsychological disorders. An initial cognitive assessment performed by telephone resulting in an early diagnosis of cognitive impairment and dementia, reducing costs and time. Objective: To examine the psychometric properties of the Brazilian version of the Modified Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status Assessment (TICS-M) for assessment of dementia in post-stroke patients. Methods: Prior to validation of TICS-M in post-stroke patients, translation was performed for the Brazilian-Portuguese and cross-cultural adaptation of the original version of TICS-M in a non-clinical sample of 30 subjects. After this phase, 61 stroke patients enrolled in the Stroke Mortality and Morbidity Study (The EMMA study) that occurs at the University Hospital of the University of São Paulo, were invited to participate in this sub-study to validate the TICS-M six months after the acute event. The TICS-M was applied in three moments: first evaluation (personal interview), one and two weeks after of the first evaluation. At the first evaluation, beyond the TICS-M, additional questionnaires were applied to assess cognition: MoCA (Montreal Cognitive Assessment), MMSE (Mini-Mental Status Examination), and for depression, HDRS (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale). All questionnaires were administered by two trained interviewers for the study. Reliability of the TICS-M was tested by intra-observer rates using Pearson, Intraclass and Cronbach´s alpha coefficients. The internal characteristics of TICS-M were also evaluated by an exploratory analysis using Principal Component Analysis. The discrimination validity of the instrument to assess dementia was evaluated by comparison to the MMSE analysis of the area under the curve (AUC) determined by the ROC curve. Sensitivity and specificity for the ideal cutoff to assess dementia were calculated. Results: In general, the TICS-M translated into Portuguese version showed a good understanding of the items in non-clinical individuals. A frequency of 23% suggestive of post-stroke dementia was observed. The level of education was positively associated with dementia status assessed by MMSE. The depressive status, as well as, other baseline characteristics was not associated with dementia suggested by MMSE. Test-retest reliability intra-observer revealed almost total rates in the three evaluation moments (Pearson coefficient > 0.85, Intraclass Correlation Coefficient > 0.85 and Cronbach\'s alpha coefficient: 0.96). The factorial analysis determined three domains: working memory and attention, recent and recall memory and orientation. The area under the curve (AUC) determined by TICS-M compared to MMSE was 0.89 (95% confidence interval: 0.80-0.98). The cutoff suggested for TICS-M was equal or greater than 14 points (range 0-39 points) to assess dementia (91.5% sensitivity, 71.4 % specificity). Similar results were observed with the MoCA. Conclusion: The Brazilian version of TICSM suggests being a useful and reliable research instrument to evaluate dementia in poststroke patients in epidemiological studies
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Fair governance and Islamoexploria: the interaction of government administrators and the marginalizedKhorramipour, Masoumeh 15 December 2021 (has links)
This study addresses the concept of fair governance based on an empirical study with marginalized groups, primarily Muslims, and their interaction with government agencies as its salient locus of investigation. Employing the research method of in-depth interviewing, I present a qualitative analysis of 35 semi-structured interviews with Muslims and government administrators. The methodological framework based on which these interviews are interpreted is rooted in the tradition of social constructivism as manifested in the grounded theory perspective of Charmaz.
My examination of the hitherto unspoken political visions of the study participants and their shared perspectives offers pragmatic solutions to create greater equity and fairer inclusion of the marginalized in civic and political dialogues and in the administrative practice of government. Remarkably, the cultural changes towards justice and inclusion in the Government of British Columbia manifest that fair government is committed to creating a fundamental transformation in favour of marginalized groups. I find the most promising approach for such transformation occurs where bottom up and dynamic approaches of civil society are aligned with top down approaches of government to justice.
The findings suggest that fair governance enhances its functionality and capacity through reflecting universal universalism in its policies and practices, heartening public spirituality and moving towards a more humane modernity rather than the extant western model of modernity. Thus, fair governance calls for diversity in expression of religious identity and challenges the mistaken images of Muslim women. Subsequently, fair government welcomes female religious actors, who act upon religious values, to its administration and respects their choice of clothing encompassing the scarf. Fair government, at all levels, ameliorates the ethical standards of its employees and employs authentic leaders, who act in a virtuous manner, care about employees’ deeply held values, and implement direct communication with staff. Such government supports legislative and constitutional reforms to consider a different outlook of the marginalized on political and social concerns, respects religious practices, honours Muslims’ identity and interpretation of life, and supports individuals who aim to improve humanity in Canada and its occupational settings.
Rethinking Islamophobia in the context of the distinct need of government administrators for the institutional education about Islam, as a key finding of the study, depicts the emergence of “Islamoexploria”, as a new expression, which I coin. In my study, there is ample evidence to suggest that a sample of government administrators in British Columbia is in the age of post Islamophobia since they, as pioneers, have passed the stage of Islamophobia and entered a new era of “Islamoexploria”. Thus, they have produced the profound socio-cultural changes towards understanding Islam by shifting from fear of, ostensibly, the unknown to knowledge about the unknown and to approaches that are more sympathetic to Muslims. This finding suggests that fair government facilitates the journey from western Islamophobia, a demonstration of old racism, to “Islamoexploria”, a contemporary thirst for knowledge about Islam. Concurrently, Muslims remain responsible to contribute to fairness at large by role modeling their religious values, which greatly promote justice, compassionate attitudes, and humanitarian actions. / Graduate / 2022-12-07
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Monitoramento dos efeitos ecológicos e socioeconômicos da comercialização de produtos florestais não madereiros / Monitoring the ecological and socioeconomic effects of the commercialization of non-timber forest productsBrites, Alice Dantas 13 October 2010 (has links)
A comercialização de produtos florestais não madeireiros (PFNMs) popularizou-se como atividade promotora do desenvolvimento socioeconômico de comunidades florestais com baixo impacto ambiental. Há evidências, contudo, de que a exploração possa produzir efeitos ecológicos e socioeconômicos negativos, sugerindo que é necessário monitorar tais iniciativas. A comercialização frequentemente ocorre em áreas remotas e em contextos de pobreza, como é o caso de muitas daquelas da Amazônia brasileira. Desta forma, é necessário que o monitoramento restrinja-se a avaliar os efeitos evidenciados como mais comuns em estudos anteriores. Este estudo revisa e sintetiza as evidências científicas dos efeitos da exploração de PFNMs sobre parâmetros ecológicos e socioeconômicos e, a partir daí, indica aqueles mais relevantes ao monitoramento. O estudo também levanta até que ponto o monitoramento é implementado no contexto da Amazônia brasileira e avalia quais os parâmetros importantes e viáveis de monitoramento neste caso específico. Para isso, foram realizadas revisões sistemáticas da literatura e a consulta a profissionais da área através do método Delphi. Os resultados indicam que efeitos ecológicos negativos são frequentes, principalmente quando se coletam folhas ou cascas. Alterações em órgãos ou processos fisiológicos e a taxa de sobrevivência dos espécimes explorados são parâmetros que devem ser monitorados, em particular quando se coletam frutos e partes vegetativas. Para todos os tipos de PFNMs, o tamanho e a estrutura populacional são parâmetros prioritários ao monitoramento. A riqueza de espécies da comunidade explorada merece atenção, principalmente quando se coletam frutos. Para os aspectos socioeconômicos, efeitos positivos foram mais frequentes que negativos. A contribuição da renda monetária obtida com o comércio na renda total, a regularidade de ingresso desta renda e o papel dos PFNMs como recursos de salvaguarda são parâmetros do capital financeiro prioritários ao monitoramento. Para o capital social, o empoderamento feminino, a coesão de grupo e o acesso aos benefícios gerados pela comercialização devem ser monitorados. Na Amazônia brasileira são poucas as iniciativas de implementação do monitoramento da comercialização de PFNMs. Embora este seja considerado importante, existem dificuldades que derivam principalmente da falta de apoio institucional, políticas de incentivo e de recursos financeiros. Os profissionais participantes do Delphi consideram que os parâmetros ecológicos mais importantes a monitorar neste contexto são o tamanho e a estrutura populacional do recurso explorado, o aumento da taxa de mortalidade, a quantidade total de recurso extraída e a técnica de coleta utilizada. Para os parâmetros econômicos, aspectos do mercado, como o preço pago ao coletor, a demanda e a qualidade do produto, bem como a renda monetária obtida pelos indivíduos são os parâmetros considerados mais importantes. Por fim, para os aspectos sociais, os efeitos na cultura, na qualidade de vida e na organização interna da comunidade foram priorizados. Os profissionais indicam que é viável estabelecer o monitoramento dos parâmetros levantados. / Amazon, non-timber forest products, ecological effects, socioeconomic effects, monitoring.
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“Accumulation by Dispossession” by the Global Extractive Industry: The Case of CanadaKinuthia, Wanyee 13 November 2013 (has links)
This thesis draws on David Harvey’s concept of “accumulation by dispossession” and an international political economy (IPE) approach centred on the institutional arrangements and power structures that privilege certain actors and values, in order to critique current capitalist practices of primitive accumulation by the global corporate extractive industry. The thesis examines how accumulation by dispossession by the global extractive industry is facilitated by the “free entry” or “free mining” principle. It does so by focusing on Canada as a leader in the global extractive industry and the spread of this country’s mining laws to other countries – in other words, the transnationalisation of norms in the global extractive industry – so as to maintain a consistent and familiar operating environment for Canadian extractive companies. The transnationalisation of norms is further promoted by key international institutions such as the World Bank, which is also the world’s largest development lender and also plays a key role in shaping the regulations that govern natural resource extraction. The thesis briefly investigates some Canadian examples of resource extraction projects, in order to demonstrate the weaknesses of Canadian mining laws, particularly the lack of protection of landowners’ rights under the free entry system and the subsequent need for “free, prior and informed consent” (FPIC). The thesis also considers some of the challenges to the adoption and implementation of the right to FPIC. These challenges include embedded institutional structures like the free entry mining system, international political economy (IPE) as shaped by international institutions and powerful corporations, as well as concerns regarding ‘local’ power structures or the legitimacy of representatives of communities affected by extractive projects. The thesis concludes that in order for Canada to be truly recognized as a leader in the global extractive industry, it must establish legal norms domestically to ensure that Canadian mining companies and residents can be held accountable when there is evidence of environmental and/or human rights violations associated with the activities of Canadian mining companies abroad. The thesis also concludes that Canada needs to address underlying structural issues such as the free entry mining system and implement FPIC, in order to curb “accumulation by dispossession” by the extractive industry, both domestically and abroad.
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“Accumulation by Dispossession” by the Global Extractive Industry: The Case of CanadaKinuthia, Wanyee January 2013 (has links)
This thesis draws on David Harvey’s concept of “accumulation by dispossession” and an international political economy (IPE) approach centred on the institutional arrangements and power structures that privilege certain actors and values, in order to critique current capitalist practices of primitive accumulation by the global corporate extractive industry. The thesis examines how accumulation by dispossession by the global extractive industry is facilitated by the “free entry” or “free mining” principle. It does so by focusing on Canada as a leader in the global extractive industry and the spread of this country’s mining laws to other countries – in other words, the transnationalisation of norms in the global extractive industry – so as to maintain a consistent and familiar operating environment for Canadian extractive companies. The transnationalisation of norms is further promoted by key international institutions such as the World Bank, which is also the world’s largest development lender and also plays a key role in shaping the regulations that govern natural resource extraction. The thesis briefly investigates some Canadian examples of resource extraction projects, in order to demonstrate the weaknesses of Canadian mining laws, particularly the lack of protection of landowners’ rights under the free entry system and the subsequent need for “free, prior and informed consent” (FPIC). The thesis also considers some of the challenges to the adoption and implementation of the right to FPIC. These challenges include embedded institutional structures like the free entry mining system, international political economy (IPE) as shaped by international institutions and powerful corporations, as well as concerns regarding ‘local’ power structures or the legitimacy of representatives of communities affected by extractive projects. The thesis concludes that in order for Canada to be truly recognized as a leader in the global extractive industry, it must establish legal norms domestically to ensure that Canadian mining companies and residents can be held accountable when there is evidence of environmental and/or human rights violations associated with the activities of Canadian mining companies abroad. The thesis also concludes that Canada needs to address underlying structural issues such as the free entry mining system and implement FPIC, in order to curb “accumulation by dispossession” by the extractive industry, both domestically and abroad.
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Monitoramento dos efeitos ecológicos e socioeconômicos da comercialização de produtos florestais não madereiros / Monitoring the ecological and socioeconomic effects of the commercialization of non-timber forest productsAlice Dantas Brites 13 October 2010 (has links)
A comercialização de produtos florestais não madeireiros (PFNMs) popularizou-se como atividade promotora do desenvolvimento socioeconômico de comunidades florestais com baixo impacto ambiental. Há evidências, contudo, de que a exploração possa produzir efeitos ecológicos e socioeconômicos negativos, sugerindo que é necessário monitorar tais iniciativas. A comercialização frequentemente ocorre em áreas remotas e em contextos de pobreza, como é o caso de muitas daquelas da Amazônia brasileira. Desta forma, é necessário que o monitoramento restrinja-se a avaliar os efeitos evidenciados como mais comuns em estudos anteriores. Este estudo revisa e sintetiza as evidências científicas dos efeitos da exploração de PFNMs sobre parâmetros ecológicos e socioeconômicos e, a partir daí, indica aqueles mais relevantes ao monitoramento. O estudo também levanta até que ponto o monitoramento é implementado no contexto da Amazônia brasileira e avalia quais os parâmetros importantes e viáveis de monitoramento neste caso específico. Para isso, foram realizadas revisões sistemáticas da literatura e a consulta a profissionais da área através do método Delphi. Os resultados indicam que efeitos ecológicos negativos são frequentes, principalmente quando se coletam folhas ou cascas. Alterações em órgãos ou processos fisiológicos e a taxa de sobrevivência dos espécimes explorados são parâmetros que devem ser monitorados, em particular quando se coletam frutos e partes vegetativas. Para todos os tipos de PFNMs, o tamanho e a estrutura populacional são parâmetros prioritários ao monitoramento. A riqueza de espécies da comunidade explorada merece atenção, principalmente quando se coletam frutos. Para os aspectos socioeconômicos, efeitos positivos foram mais frequentes que negativos. A contribuição da renda monetária obtida com o comércio na renda total, a regularidade de ingresso desta renda e o papel dos PFNMs como recursos de salvaguarda são parâmetros do capital financeiro prioritários ao monitoramento. Para o capital social, o empoderamento feminino, a coesão de grupo e o acesso aos benefícios gerados pela comercialização devem ser monitorados. Na Amazônia brasileira são poucas as iniciativas de implementação do monitoramento da comercialização de PFNMs. Embora este seja considerado importante, existem dificuldades que derivam principalmente da falta de apoio institucional, políticas de incentivo e de recursos financeiros. Os profissionais participantes do Delphi consideram que os parâmetros ecológicos mais importantes a monitorar neste contexto são o tamanho e a estrutura populacional do recurso explorado, o aumento da taxa de mortalidade, a quantidade total de recurso extraída e a técnica de coleta utilizada. Para os parâmetros econômicos, aspectos do mercado, como o preço pago ao coletor, a demanda e a qualidade do produto, bem como a renda monetária obtida pelos indivíduos são os parâmetros considerados mais importantes. Por fim, para os aspectos sociais, os efeitos na cultura, na qualidade de vida e na organização interna da comunidade foram priorizados. Os profissionais indicam que é viável estabelecer o monitoramento dos parâmetros levantados. / Amazon, non-timber forest products, ecological effects, socioeconomic effects, monitoring.
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