The purpose of this study was to identify the partners' traits and skills that predict relationship satisfaction in committed, premarital relationships in which one person has neurotic traits, as well as to examine the degree of consensus about neuroticism for both individuals. Data from 198 never-married, young adult, premarital couples who had completed the RELATionship Evaluation (RELATE) questionnaire were used in the analyses. Measures of perceived partner traits and skills included levels of empathic communication, clear sending, flooding, kindness, flexibility, criticism, and contempt and defensiveness. Relationship satisfaction as measured by RELATE was the criterion variable. Results showed little agreement between self and partner perceptions of the specific neurotic traits manifested by neurotic individuals; that is, levels of anxiety, depression, anger, and low self-esteem. A negative relationship between partner-rated neurosis and each person's relationship satisfaction, however, was present for both genders. The significant positive predictors of the neurotic female actor's relationship satisfaction were her perceptions of her partner's: 1) empathic communication, 2) flexibility, and 3) clear sending, as well as 4) the length of the relationship. The only significant predictor of the non-neurotic male partner's relationship satisfaction was the neurotic female actor's perception of his empathic communication. The significant predictors of the neurotic male actor's relationship satisfaction were his perceptions of his partner's: 1) criticism (a negative relationship), 2) kindness, 3) flooding (a negative relationship), and 4) empathic communication. The significant predictors of the healthy female partner's relationship satisfaction were the neurotic male actor's perceptions of her: 1) kindness, 2) flexibility, 3) criticism, 4) flooding, and 5) empathic communication, as well as 6) the length of the relationship. These results suggest that certain partner traits and skills may help to increase the relationship satisfaction for both partners in relationships in which one partner possesses neurotic traits. Implications of these results for therapists working with premarital couples in which one partner has neurotic traits are outlined.

This article approaches cringe comedy through the lens of its affectivity, of the somatic experiences through which it puts its audiences’ bodies, and it uses this as a point of departure to think about the genre’s cultural work. Based on the observation that no cringe comedy makes its viewers cringe for the whole duration of its storytelling, the article suggests that cringe comedies thrive on destabilizing and ambiguating the affective valence of their performances of embarrassment, constantly recalibrating or muddying the distance between viewer and characters. They are marked by tipping points at which schadenfreude and other types of humor tip into cringe, and reversely, at which cringe tips into something else. The article focuses on one of these other affective responses, which it proposes to describe as the sneer. It uses the HBO-series Veep as a case study to explore how cringe and sneer aesthetics are interlaced in an exemplary comedy, and how they fuel this particular comedy’s satiric work.

Extant research suggests a link between child temperamental negativity and parental anxiety and depression. However, most studies focus on temperamental negativity generally, and over fairly short longitudinal time spans. The present study extended the time span well beyond immediate postnatal infancy and explored associations between specific child temperament dimensions, both positive and negative, and parental psychopathology. We expected positive relationships between temperamental negative affectivity and parental mental health problems, but an inverse relation involving temperamental effortful control. Data were collected on child temperament, and parental anxiety and depression, using a cross-sectional design and anonymous survey methodology across five child age groups: infancy (INF; 3 - 13 months, N ≅ 83), toddler (TOD; 14 - 36 months, N ≅ 94), early childhood (EC; 3 - 7 years, N ≅ 81), middle/late childhood (MLC; 8 - 10 years, N ≅ 31), and early adolescence (EA; 10 - 15 years, N ≅ 38). REDCap survey links were published on several dozen social media outlets and relevant listservs. Across all datasets, parental respondents primarily identified as white and female. Child gender distribution was approximately equal between girls and boys. We used the Rothbart family of instruments to assess temperamental negative affectivity and effortful control in each sample (i.e., IBQ-R Short Form, ECBQ Short Form, CBQ Short Form, TMCQ Standard Form, and EATQ-R Short Form, respectively). Parental anxiety was measured by the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Assessment (GAD-7), and parental depression was measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Associations involving child negative affectivity were generally consistent with expectations. Results indicated positive correlations between parental anxiety and child negative affectivity in 4 out of 5 groups (INF: r(83) = .25, p = .02; TOD: r(94) = .27, p = .01; EC: r(81) = .37, p < .001; EA: r(39) = .57, p < .001), and between parental depression and child negative affectivity in all age groups (INF: r(81) = .26, p = .02; TOD: r(91) = .22, p = .03; EAC: r(80) = .26, p = .02; MLC: r(30) = .42, p = .02; EAA: r(37) = .42, p = .01). Effortful control was negatively, but less robustly, correlated with parental anxiety (TOD: r(94) = -.22, p = .03; EAA: r(39) = -.44, p = .02) and depression (TOD: r(91) = -.29, p = .01; MLC: r(30) = .45, p = .01). Although we make no assumptions regarding directions of effect between child temperament and parental mental health, bidirectional influences seem likely. For example, parental mental health problems probably exacerbate temperamental negative affectivity, and temperamental negative affectivity probably exacerbates parental mental health problems. This study provides an important expansion of the timeframes of associations between parental mental health and child temperament.

[pt] Considerando o fato de que adultos emergentes durante o período universitário se apresentam como grupo especialmente vulnerável a casos de ansiedade, foi conduzido um estudo cujo objetivo era avaliar possíveis associações entre afetos experienciados pelos sujeitos em seu ambiente familiar e sintomatologia ansiosa, tendo como base a fundamentação teórica do Modelo Bioecológico do Desenvolvimento Humano. A partir dessa perspectiva, foram priorizados aspectos afetivos referentes ao microssistema familiar de 240 estudantes universitários entre 18 e 25 anos de idade (MD = 21; AI = 4), sendo 120 provenientes de instituições públicas e 120 oriundos de instituições particulares. Todos os sujeitos foram avaliados através da escala Escala de Emoções Vivenciadas em Ambiente Familiar (BEAF), assim como pela escala Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7). Foram realizadas análises correlacionais e testes entre grupos contrastantes. Os resultados indicam correlações significativas entre a qualidade da afetividade familiar percebida pelos participantes e a incidência dos sintomas de ansiedade. Quanto maior foi a pontuação referente aos afetos negativos percebidos dentro do ambiente familiar, maior o score total de ansiedade relatada pelos sujeitos, configurando uma correlação positiva de magnitude moderada (correlação de Spearman =0,472 (nível 0,01 2 extremidades); correlação de Spearman<0,001). As participantes do sexo feminino relataram maior percepção de afetividade negativa no ambiente familiar, apresentando também mais sintomas de ansiedade. Sujeitos pertencentes a famílias desfavorecidas no aspecto socioeconômico também demonstraram maior percepção de afetos negativos no ambiente familiar. Os achados deste trabalho reafirmam a relação entre afetividade e saúde mental e alertam para a necessidade de um cuidado maior com as relações afetivas familiares. Espera-se que futuramente sejam desenvolvidas políticas de promoção de saúde mental considerando a associação de tais fatores, de modo a visar a prevenção de algumas manifestações sintomáticas nessa população. / [en] Considering the fact that emerging adults during the university period present themselves as a group especially vulnerable to cases of anxiety, a study was conducted with the objective of evaluating possible associations between affections experienced by subjects in their family environment and anxious symptoms, based on the theoretical foundation of the Bioecological Model of Human Development. From this perspective, affective aspects relating to the family microsystem of 240 university students between 18 and 25 years of age (MD = 21; AI = 4) were prioritized, with 120 coming from public institutions and 120 coming from private institutions. All subjects were assessed using the Scale of Emotions Experienced in a Family Environment (BEAF), as well as the Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7). Correlational analyzes and tests between contrasting groups were performed. The results indicate significant correlations between the quality of family affection perceived by the participants and the incidence of anxiety symptoms. The higher the score regarding negative affects perceived within the family environment, the higher the total anxiety score reported by the subjects, configuring a positive correlation of moderate magnitude (Spearman correlation =0,472 (level 0,01 two ends); Spearman correlation<0,001). Female participants reported a greater perception of negative affectivity in the family environment, also presenting more symptoms of anxiety. Subjects belonging to socioeconomically disadvantaged families also demonstrated a greater perception of negative affects in the family environment. The findings of this work reaffirm the relationship between affectivity and mental health and alert to the need for greater care with family affective relationships. It is expected that mental health promotion policies will be developed in the future considering the association of such factors, in order to prevent some symptomatic manifestations in this population.

「消費者洞察(consumer insight)」於廣告操作角度而言，是一種藉由情感反應促進認同的『說服工具』，是將「廣告訊息」轉換為「更有說服效果」的一種策略(how to say)。而從廣告閱聽者角度來說：是以其主觀角度認為「廣告能夠轉換出自己與品牌(產品)之間的互動經驗(認同價值)，且具有啟發性與移情作用，覺得廣告真正”了解我”，會讓自己感動與共鳴」。本研究以學術研究的角度，歸納出「操作型定義」，並建立一個初探性的評量工具：「廣告消費者洞察量表(題庫)」。透過「修正德菲法調查」，藉由廣告界實務專家的檢視與討論，確認相關輔助理論的支持，與量表問項。再以因素分析，歸納出「消費者洞察(consumer insight)」的內涵構面因素，以及因素與研究理論的回應分析。 研究結果顯示：對於以「情感」、「廣告轉換性」、「動機」、「價值觀」、「生活型態」、「自我概念」論點，來輔助定義「廣告消費者洞察」，參與調查的專家群，達一致性同意。而在量表題項方面：依據文獻理論，編列出的基礎題項，經過「修正德菲法」，3回合同意程度調查，建構出本研究初探型之「廣告消費者洞察量表」。 因素分析部分，可歸納出16個因素， 以第一個因素(心聲)為最主要(佔35.27%)，前6個因素可解釋原有變數之變異，達72.24%。主要6個因素，命名為：「心聲」、「好感」、「渴望」、「個性」、「創意」、「驅力」。而主要因素間，以及因素與研究理論間，都得以與相關文獻理論做回應。 歸納文獻論點與本研究結果：「廣告消費者洞察」可說是：「消費者自我經驗(認同價值)」與「創意」的整合；一方面要能與消費者本身經驗(認同價值)能夠結合，建立情感與說服的基礎，另一方面又需要創意性整合溝通，提升注意度。另外，Consumer insight與以往相關廣告理論，是一種「交集」的關係；有如：涉入(involvement)、定位(position)…，這些論點是能協助廣告效果達成的策略外，同時也是探索「消費者洞察」的來源。「消費者洞察」可說是上述相關論點思考後的交集點，是一個除了考量上述論述思維外，還能激起情感反應，感動人的敘事角度(廣告主張)。其操作過程為：在上述論述分析、歸納後，再從中找出一個能激發最大情感反應的主張，能讓廣告人(team members)有共識，也能讓閱聽者認同鼓舞叫好，最後輔以創意的張力(impact)，提升注意度。而問題就在於這個insight點，往往藏於消費者心裏深處，不容易為人知，需要廣告人找出來。而此研究的量表，就要協助檢視我們找出的insight，是不是也真的獲得消費者(廣告閱聽者)的認同。 關鍵詞：消費者洞察(consumer insight)、量表( scale)、情感反應(affectivity)、轉換性(transformation) / From the adman’s point of view,「Consumer insight」is the strategy to persuade consumers with the move power (affectivity). On the other hand,「Consumer insight」from the consumers angle is a advertising can transform his(her) experiences or values of the product (brand) and lets he(she) to feels the ad is understand me so much and arouses affectivity. The purpose of this article is to construct the scale to measurement consumer insight, through the Modified Delphi Method, moreover, to analysis the consumer insight inside factors through Factor Analysis. The results showed that: (1) all the specialists agreed that through the theories: Affectivity, Transformation, Motivation, Values, Life-style, and Self-concept to support consumer insight definition. (2) The consumer insight scale was constructed to establish the research foundation in this field for the future. (3) Factor Analysis shows that the main factors of consumer insight are “heartfelt wishes”, “favorable impression”, “aspirations”, “creativity”, “personality”, “motivate”. In conclusion, almost the marketing and advertising theories can help us to find the consumer insight, moreover, consumer insight is the converge point of those strategically thinking (for advertising) and what’s more it can arouses the affective, and to make persuasion easily. Moreover, the consumer insight scale of this study can check those “insight” we found whether the consumers to think it are insight too. Key words: consumer insight, scale, affectivity, transformation.

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.

La présente recherche met en évidence un phénomène qui est le fond commun des manières d’apparaître analysées par la phénoménologie française contemporaine. Ce phénomène est mis en évidence par l’analyse des œuvres de Jean-Luc Marion, Mihel Henry et Emmanuel Lévinas. L’analyse de l’œuvre de Marion permet de définir la métaphysique : celle-ci considère que l’apparaître est nécessairement la prérogative d’un Je. Contre cette idée, la phénoménologie met en évidence un phénomène qui apparaît avant qu’un Je ne s’en reçoive. Ce qui se montre ainsi de soi-même est le phénoménal. C’est sur fond de ce phénoménal que la donation se déploie, et si la donation ne donne plus son contenu à l’apparaître, elle est déploiement des phases qui structurent la phénoménalité. L’analyse de l’œuvre de Henry permet de distinguer la manière d’apparaître du phénoménal de celle du Je. Le contenu de l’apparaître du phénoménal est identiquement sa manière d’apparaître, et en cela le phénoménal est affectivité. Mais cette affectivité est impersonnelle et se dit d’une foison de tonalités affectives. Elle doit donc être distinguée du fait de se sentir soi-même considéré en lui-même qu’est cette essence de l’affectivité où le Soi se saisit de son ipséité. L’analyse de l’œuvre de Lévinas permet de décrire le déploiement des phases de la phénoménalité en deux mouvements. Par un mouvement d’en-stase, l’essence de l’affectivité se distille du phénoménal. Par un mouvement d’extase, le gouffre de l’« il y a », l’idée d’infini et la distance phénoménologique s’évaporent du phénoménal. L’unité de ces deux mouvements contraires est nommée diastase, et cette diastase est comprise comme quête d’emphase. / This researh highlights a phenomenon that is the common bakground of the various modes of manifestation analysed by the french contemporary phenomenology. That phenomenon is highlighted by the analysis of the works of Jean-LucMarion, Mihel Henry and Emmanuel Levinas. The analysis of the works of Marion brings us to a definition of the metaphysics : it considers that the manifestation is always the prerogative of a subject. Against this idea, the phenomenology highlights a phenomenon that appears before any subject. The phenomenon that shows itself that way is the phenomenal. It’s on that that the donation spreads, and if that donation does not give its content to the manifestation, it is the deployment of the phases that structure the phenomenality. The analysis of the works of Henry brings us to a distinction between the way that the phenomenal appears and the way that the ego appears. The contents of the manifestation of the phenomenal is also its way of appearance, and in that sense, the phenomenal is affectivity. But that kind of affectivity is impersonal, and concerns an abundance of affective qualities. It must be distinguish from the fact to feel itself considered in itself whih is that essence of affectivity on whih the self seize its selfhood. The analysis of the works of Levinas allows a description of the deployment of the phases of the phenomenality in two movements. By a movement of enstasis, the essence of affectivity gets distilled from the phenomenal. By a movement of extasis, the gulf of the « there is », the idea of infinity, and the phenomenological distance, evaporates from the phenomenal. The unity of these two movements is called diastasis.

A Modernidade teve como características a busca pelas certezas nos campos filosófico e científico, o progresso da ciência e da tecnologia, bem como o domínio da natureza pelo homem, tudo sob o fundamento de que a Razão seria capaz de encontrar todas as respostas e de atender a todas as necessidades dos seres humanos. Assim também o Direito, enquanto campo do conhecimento e como ferramenta destinada a resolver os conflitos de interesses, procurou se acercar de certezas, desenvolvendo mecanismos seguros e institutos determinados, aos quais os fatos da realidade deveriam se amoldar. O tempo em que vivemos, porém, é marcado por incertezas em todos os sentidos, já que a Razão deu mostras de sua insuficiência para resolver todos os problemas da humanidade. Ademais, é flagrante a realidade de que o ser humano não é apenas racional, mas também é afetivo, religioso, intuitivo; enfim, o ser humano é complexo. As relações jurídicas, que, sob o paradigma moderno, se orientavam exclusivamente pela razão, logo se mostraram impregnadas por outros elementos não racionais, a demandar respostas da ciência jurídica. A afetividade é um dos aspectos da humanidade, é um dos fatores que compõem a personalidade e é um fator determinante para o desenvolvimento integral do ser humano. Então, a afetividade é, a um só tempo, um elemento constitutivo do ser humano e um fator presente em toda e qualquer conduta humana; é um valor jurídico a reclamar proteção e é também um aspecto inerente a toda conduta jurídica. A afetividade encontra-se presente em todas as relações jurídicas, mas impregna especialmente as relações de Direito de Família, das quais é marco característico. É fator indissociável do ser humano do mesmo modo que a racionalidade, posto que não se pode pensar o ser humano destituído de sua racionalidade, assim como não se pode compreendê-lo ausente da afetividade. Esse reconhecimento é orientado pela virada paradigmática da Modernidade para a Pós-Modernidade, pois reconhecer que o ser humano é racional, afetivo, religioso, intuitivo etc. é reconhecer a sua complexidade; é olhar para o ser humano em sua integralidade. Por isso, pode-se dizer que o estudo da afetividade e de suas implicações na ciência jurídica representa um alargamento das fronteiras do nosso conhecimento, em busca da compreensão dos seres humanos em sua complexidade. / Modernity was characterized by the search of certainties in the philosophical and scientific fields, by the progress of science and technology, as well as the domination of nature by men. This was based on the grounds that Reason would be able to find all the answers to fulfill every human need. In the same path, Law, as a field of knowledge and a tool to solve interest conflicts, tried to surround itself with certainties, developing mechanisms of safety and particular rules according to which the facts of reality should conform. Nevertheless, the time we live in is marked in every way with uncertainties, since Reason has shown its insufficiency to solve all humanitys problems. Furthermore, it is a flagrant reality that the human being is not only rational, but also affective, religious and intuitive all in all the human being is complex. Juridical relations oriented exclusively by Reason in the modern paradigm, soon showed to be impregnated with other non-rational elements that demanded answers from the juridical science. Affection is one of the aspects of humanity, one of the elements that integrate the personality and it is a determinant factor for its integral development.Thus, affection is a constitutive element of the human being as well as a present factor in all and every human conduct. It is a juridical value that claims protection and is inherent in every juridical relation. Affection integrates a juridical conduct, but it impregnates especially Family Law relations, being its outstanding characteristic. Affection cannot be dissociated from the human being, as well as rationality, since one cannot think the human being deprived of its rationality, as well as one cannot understand him without affectivity. This acknowledgment is oriented by the paradigmatic turning of Modernity to Post-Modernity, since recognizing that the human being is rational, affective, religious, intuitive, etc., is the same as to recognize its complexity; it is to look at the human being in its integrality. That is why one can say that the study of affectivity and its implications in the juridical science represents the broadening of frontiers of our knowledge, in search of the understanding of human beings in its complexity.

Esta dissertação reflete acerca das relações mantidas na cidade de São Paulo entre seres humanos e cães de estimação cujo alicerce consiste na afetividade. Discute-se a concepção desses donos de cães acerca da espécie canina e aponta-se as características reconhecidas em tais animais, que contrariam a ideia de exclusividade humana das capacidades cognitivas, de comunicação, sentimento, sensciência, consciência e moralidade. Detentores de características antropomórficas, os cães são entendidos a partir de identidades caninas individuais, com personalidades próprias. Suas especificidades da espécie também os permitem ser valorados frente aos humanos, pois a sinceridade de afetos e a pureza moral que lhes é atribuída ultrapassa a da nossa espécie. O estudo etnográfico mostrou que esses pets possuem extrema importância na vida de seus donos e são entendidos como membros da família, em papéis que podem não ser substituíveis por humanos. Este trabalho revisita a produção brasileira antropológica acerca das relações entre seres humanos e animais não humanos e apresenta dois eixos da relação entre cães e humanos: as distintas esferas da relação estabelecida entre cães e pessoas e o mercado pet voltado para cães e seus donos e sua influência nessa relação. / This dissertation reflects on the relationships maintained between humans and pet dogs in the city of São Paulo, which foundation consists of affectivity. It discusses the conception of these owners about the canine species and the characteristics recognized in these animals, which contradicts the idea of human exclusivity of the cognitive, communicative, feeling, sentience, and morality capacities. Holders of anthropomorphic characteristics, pet dogs are understood from an individual canine identity, with their own personality. Their specificities of the species also allow them to be valued when compared to humans, since the sincerity of affections and the moral purity attributed to them surpasses those of our species. The ethnographic study showed that these pets are extremely important in their owners lives and they are considered as members of the family, in some cases playing roles irreplaceable by humans. This work revisits the Brazilian anthropological production about the relationship between human beings and nonhuman animals; it addresses the different spheres of the relationship between dogs and people; and studies the pet market aimed at dogs and their owners, as well as their influence in this relationship.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:26:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Thiago Felipe Vargas Simoes.pdf: 451610 bytes, checksum: 4708ddd27264959f2206e31444996b28 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-12-10 / The Inheritance law has linking with all its too much areas. Its norms, as the Family law, is coated with public character. The familiar relations if modify not only for questions treated for the legislator, since from 1988 the family started to have constitutional protection, with its rules principles dictated for the Great Letter, generating consequences in the field of the Inheritance law. The work consists of demonstrating to the importance of the element AFFECTION as family former, going beyond the rules daily pay-established for the current text of Civil Code and giving a new treatment to the basic principles that guide the blood relations, with affectively related sights to assure the successory right to. / O Direito das Sucessões tem ligação com todas as suas demais áreas. Suas normas, como o Direito de Família, são revestidas de caráter público. As relações familiares se modificam não apenas por questões tratadas pelo legislador, já que a partir de 1988 a família passou a ter proteção constitucional, com sua regras princípios ditados pela Carta Magna, gerando conseqüências no campo do Direito das Sucessões. O trabalho consiste em demonstrar a importância do elemento AFETO como formador de família, indo além das regras pré-estabelecidas pelo atual texto de Código Civil e dar um novo tratamento aos princípios fundamentais que norteiam as relações de parentesco, com vistas a assegurar o direito sucessório aos afetivamente relacionados