Background: Social medias have contributed to big changes in the way firms and customers interact with each other. Due to the great amount of people using social medias, firms have understood the importance of incorporating social medias in their marketing strategy. However, due to increasing competition, customer engagement on social medias has become important. To generate customer engagement, firms must create engaging social media content that is worth the customer’s time and effort. The micro-sized firms are under researched and therefore the authors have chosen micro-sized firms as a study subject and hence the sender of the content. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to describe the key components of creating customer engagement on social medias for micro-sized firms. Methodology: This research took a qualitative approach in a deductive nature with a descriptive purpose and a cross-sectional research design. The need of primary data was collected by conducting seven semi-structured interviews with social media managers- and consultants. Participants were purposely sampled and the empirical findings were coded, concepts were identified and further categorised while trustworthiness was set to be a criterion for the quality of the research. Conclusion: The research provided seven key components of engaging social media content for micro-sized firms and further recommendations on how to implement them in the micro-sized firms social media management. The components are described together with an illustration. Keywords: Micro-sized firms, social media managers, social media, customer engagement, content appeals, social media targeting, social media timing and frequency, qualitative research, semi-structured interviews.

O tema dos recursos excepcionais, direcionados às Cortes Supremas, é de enorme importância no processo civil contemporâneo. Esse trabalho busca definir, à luz da Teoria do Direito e do Direito Comparado, quais funções devem ser assinaladas ao Superior Tribunal de Justiça para, a partir disso, poder realizar uma reconstrução dogmática do procedimento do recurso especial. Não há dúvida de que, à luz dos princípios do Estado de Direito, aos Tribunais Superiores deve ser hoje asinalada uma função precipuamente prospectiva, voltada para a orientação dos juízes e jurisdicionados por meio do estabelecimento de precedentes, e não para os litigantes, de forma retrospectiva. A experiência comparada e a análise detida do funcionamento dos Tribunais Superiores demonstra que bons resultados só podem ser cumpridos mediante mecanismos que permitam selecionar os recursos com base na sua importância. Defende-se, por isso, a criação de um filtro para o recurso especial, à semelhança do que já conhece o recurso extraordinário brasileiro por meio da exigência de repercussão geral da questão constitucional debatida. Em face da função prospectiva do Superior Tribunal de Justiça devem ser interpretados todos os demais problemas que gravitam em torno do recurso especial e do acesso à Corte (distinção entre fato e direito, pré-questionamento etc.) / Appeals to Supreme Courts are an enormously important theme in modern civil procedure. This essay intends to define tge function that should govern the practise of Brazils Superior Tribunal de Justiça, with support from legal theory and comparative law studies, so that the characteristics of the appeal (recurso especial) directed to the Court may be rethought on solid grounds. There should be no doubt that, in light of the rule of law principles, Supreme Courts should be assigned a prospective, facing forward function of establishing solid precedents for the guidance of judges and citizens, instead of facing towards the single parties involved in litigation and the past. Comparative studies show that this may only be done if the Court has control over its docket. The essay proposes the adoption of such a mechanism for the recurso especial, as has already been done for the recurso extraordinario through the requirement of general importance of the constitutional issue raised in the appeal. All other aspects regarding access of the parties to the Superior Tribunal de Justiça (such as the distinction between law and fact, the prior decisison of the legal issue raised etc.) should be interpreted in light of the prospective function of the Court.

Ante la necesidad de establecer una adecuada evaluación de la gestión de riesgos para una mejor comprensión de los procesos operativos, financieros y comerciales en el negocio, una metodología para el ejercicio de la función de auditoría interna con enfoque basado en riesgos permitirá a la compañía el logro de los objetivos planteados. Dicha metodología se alinea a los estándares establecidos en las normas internacionales para el ejercicio profesional de la auditoría interna emitidos por el instituto de auditores internos (IAI). / Trabajo de investigación

Syftet med denna studie har varit att granska rättssäkerheten i tillämpningen av mål om ekonomiskt bistånd enligt 4 kap. 1 § Socialtjänstlagen i förvaltningsdomstolarna, med fokus på Förvaltningsrätten i Stockholm. Studien visar att överklagandefrekvensen har ökat under åren 2013–2018 i alla förvaltningsrätter och att ändringsfrekvensen var 11 procent. Väldigt få mål fick prövningstillstånd i kammarrätterna och i Högsta förvaltningsdomstolen och under en procent av målen fick bifall.Till Förvaltningsrätten i Stockholm överklagades drygt två procent av socialtjänstens avslagsbeslut om ekonomiskt bistånd, vilket kan jämföras med andelen överklaganden av socialförsäkringsmål som var 43 procent. Av besluten som överklagades fick tre procent av de klagande bifall. En närmare granskning av 100 domar från Förvaltningsrätten i Stockholm år 2018 visade att störst chans att få bifall har de mål som handlar om vad som är ett behov enligt Socialtjänstlagen. De mål som rör att den klagande själv anses kunna tillgodose behovet eller inte anses medverka i utredningen hade minst chans att få bifall. Förekomst av bevis samvarierade med bifall för båda parter. Vilka de klagande är eller om barn finns i hushållet påverkade inte utfallet och barns behov belystes inte alls. Vilken enhet och domare hos Förvaltningsrätten som dömt i målet samvarierade också med utfallet.Analysen utifrån rättssäkerhet visar att den ur ett formellt perspektiv är hög. De flesta fick avslag och besluten var därmed förutsebara. Rättssäkerheten minskade dock genom utfallets samvariation med vilken enhet och domare som dömt. Ur ett materiellt perspektiv på rättssäkerhet innebar 71 procent av avslagen att den enskilde inte tillförsäkrades en skälig levnadsnivå. Krav ställdes på den klagande som gjorde att bedömningen kom att handla om vad den klagande kunde ha gjort för att tillgodose behovet själv, inte huruvida denne faktiskt kunde det. Detta tillsammans med att högre beviskrav eventuellt ställdes i dessa mål gör att rättssäkerheten ur ett materiellt perspektiv kan ifrågasättas.

The advancement of digital entertainment media has given audiences the ability to skip ads that do not interest them. Consequently, brands face the challenge of creating ads that can compel audiences and finding media outlets that can effectively reach target audiences. Brands today use product placements to promote their products because movie audiences are generally attentive to ads when they are incorporated in a movie’s narrative. Marvel Cinematic Universe is a globally recognized entertainment franchise that uses product placements strategically to promote brands in their movies and TV shows. In this study, I conduct rhetorical analyses of select product placements in Marvel movies to investigate how they employ different rhetorical appeals in promoting products; and discuss how the appeals can influence audience perceptions of the products advertised. My findings suggest that product placements in Marvel movies leverage Aristotle's rhetorical appeals to draw audiences' attention and influence their opinions about products.

Background: The Swedish penal code has viewed self-induced temporary insanity, caused by intoxication, depending on which Sociology of Punishment is currently active. Starting from a lenient view of drug-induced insanity in the Middle Ages towards a harsher penal climate today.  Aims: This thesis aims to investigate how the Courts of Appeals views self-induced temporary insanity. Specifically, the investigation highlights how the courts navigate between the conflicting rationalities governing criminal intent on the one hand and drug abuse on the other. Results: A thematic analysis using NVivo showed that the Court of Appeals verdicts are inconsistent regarding sentencing when addiction is involved. The results also show a lack of knowledge about addiction as an illness within the Court of Appeals and that the courts sentence substance abusers much harder than others with temporary insanity. The thesis concludes that the Rule of Law is at risk when inconsistent verdicts are commonplace.

This thesis is both an ethnographic story about people with albinism in Tanzania and a reflection on how that story may be used to generate understanding and support in the wider world. In much of sub-Saharan Africa people with albinism face discrimination and even violence at all levels of society. During seven months in 2021/2022 I lived in northern Tanzania and regularly spent time with a community of children with albinism and the woman who shelters them. I got to know these individuals through conversations, interviews, grocery shopping, cooking, and eating together and celebrating Christmas and other holidays. All the while, I also sought to be in solidarity with my hosts, by telling their story in various forms and raising funds for them in Sweden. A central research question of the thesis is how one tells a story about vulnerable individuals without diminishing their dignity or violating ethical standards of academia, journalism, and humanitarianism. I consider four types of public response to my various acts of ethnographic storytelling, and I reflect upon persistent dilemmas.

自從歐盟成立後，歐洲市場對於台灣經濟的重要性與日俱增，目前為台灣主要貿易國家 (地區) 中出口成長率最高的地區，而德國又為台灣在歐洲進出口貿易額中最高的國家，然而國內學術界對於德國乃至於歐洲地區的消費者研究卻屈指可數，大多著重於中國大陸、美國與日本的研究，造成此現象的原因除了是過去歐洲市場在台灣的經濟地位不比中、美、日之外，也與台灣留學國外少以歐洲為主有關，造成與消費者相關的初次級資料取得不易、研究成本過高等因素，但隨著國內研究生赴歐洲交換學生的趨勢漸增，將提供國內學術界與實務界暸解歐洲消費者的機會。 本研究首先從過去的跨文化研究中暸解台灣與德國在各文化構面上的差異，推論受到文化所影響的品牌個性、廣告訴求與消費者價值信念，在台灣與德國消費者的認知中同樣會產生差異；此外，本研究也進一步探討品牌個性、廣告訴求、消費者價值信念與品牌偏好度的關係。本研究以問卷調查的方式蒐集台灣與德國消費者的第一手資料，並根據此初級資料進行分析比較，問卷內容包括品牌個性構面、品牌偏好度、廣告訴求、消費價值信念以及基本資料等五個部份，品牌則選定「Mercedes-Benz賓士汽車」與「Acer宏碁電腦」等兩個在台、德具有知名度的品牌。為了能夠順利進行調查，本研究分別以中文及德文版問卷在台灣與德國進行研究，採隨機發放的方式，總共蒐集了495份有效問卷，其中台灣問卷有247份，德國問卷有248份。 研究結果顯示，台灣與德國消費者對於同一個品牌的品牌個性、廣告訴求具有顯著差異，均對本國品牌較有正面的觀感，而台、德消費者價值信念也因為文化的不同而在「名牌情結」、「他人導向」、「情面影響」、「享樂主義」、「簡約習性」及「保障需求」上具有顯著差異。本研究的實證結果還發現，品牌個性會與消費者的品牌偏好度有關，而品牌偏好度受到廣告訴求與消費者價值信念的影響程度就相對較小。 廠商可依據本研究結果針對台灣消費者的「他人導向」、「簡約習性」、「保障需求」與「價格敏感」等信念，以及德國消費者的「享樂主義」、「價格敏感」與「簡約習性」等信念設計行銷活動，也可以藉由塑造品牌個性來增加消費者的品牌偏好度，對於學術而言，本研究不僅增加國內學術界對於歐洲市場的瞭解，更得到品牌個性、廣告訴求與消費者價值信念皆能影響品牌偏好度的結果，其中品牌個性又能明顯影響品牌偏好度，本研究成果可供後續相關研究作為深入探討的基礎。 / Since the establishment of the EU, the importance of the European market to Taiwan has been steadily increasing. Among Taiwan’s major trading countries (areas), the European market has the highest export growth rate, with the highest volume of trade happening between Germany and Taiwan. Despite this fact, researches about German or European consumers are still rare in the domestic academia, where the focus is mostly on China, USA, and Japan. There are some reasons causing this. First, Europe’s economic status of was lower than the previously mentioned countries. Also, there were fewer scholars from Europe, which may lead to higher research costs and difficulty in collecting data among others. Nevertheless, with the increasing number of exchange students going to Europe, this would offer domestic academia and businesses an opportunity to better understand European consumers. This research starts with an examination of previous culture-related literatures to discover the differences in all cultural dimensions between Taiwan and Germany. From this, the research infers that there would also be differences in brand personality, advertising appeals, and consumer value-beliefs. Moreover, the research discussed the relationship between brand preferences and brand personality/advertising appeals/consumer value-beliefs. Two well-known brands were selected, Mercedes-Benz and Acer, and questionnaires for each brand were developed and distributed randomly in Taiwan and Germany. Four hundred ninety five valid questionnaires were collected, among which 247 were collected in Taiwan and 248 were in Germany. The results revealed that there were significant differences in one brand’s brand personality and advertising appeals. Furthermore, consumers had more positive attitudes toward their home country’s brand. The research also found that consumer value beliefs affected by the culture were different between Taiwan and Germany in “Brand Favor,” “Conformance Orientation,” “Face Influence,” “Hedonic,” “Frugality Intention,” and “Security Needs.” In addition, it was proved that brand personality was significantly related to consumers’ brand preferences. However, advertising appeals and consumer value-belief had relatively lower influence on the brand preferences. Businesses could utilize the results of this study to devise marketing initiatives depending on consumer value-beliefs, such as Taiwan’s “Conformity-orientation,” “Frugality intention,” “Security Needs,” and “Price Sensitivity” and Germany’s “Hedonic,” “Price Sensitivity,” and “Frugality Intention.” Moreover, businesses could also build favorable brand personality to influence brand preferences. As for the academia, this research not only broadens the understanding of the European market, it also finds the relationship influence between brand personality, advertising appeals, consumer value-beliefs, and brand preferences, especially that in which brand personality significantly influences brand preference, which could be the base of further investigation.

Este trabalho trata fundamentalmente da admissibilidade dos julgamentos parciais do mérito e de questões de mérito no sistema processual civil brasileiro, considerando especialmente o modelo constitucional de processo civil, bem como no sistema processual prospectivo previsto no Projeto de Novo Código de Processo Civil, que deve entrar vigor em breve. Com este objetivo, será abordado no início da dissertação o dogma da unidade estrutural da sentença, sua origem, fundamentos e aplicabilidade no processo civil brasileiro, já que esse dogma parece ser o principal óbice que se opõe à realização dos julgamentos parciais. Em seguida, procede-se à análise da natureza dos pronunciamentos judiciais em que se realizam os julgamentos parciais, quando admitidos no CPC/73, para defini-los como decisões interlocutórias de mérito (ou de questões de mérito) ou sentenças parciais e intermediárias. Além disso, pretende-se estabelecer os pressupostos autorizadores dos julgamentos parciais, para que, assim, esses julgamentos sejam realizados de forma eficiente e em prol da efetividade da tutela jurisdicional. Trata-se ainda os julgamentos parciais na arbitragem e suas particularidades decorrentes das disposições específicas da Lei de Arbitragem e das características específicas do processo arbitral. Finalmente, nos capítulos finais deste estudo enfrentam-se os obstáculos que geralmente se colocam à realização dos julgamentos parciais relativamente ao âmbito recursal e à formação da coisa julgada. Para esse fim, são abordados a teoria dos capítulos de sentença, os efeitos dos recursos e, especialmente, a formação gradual da coisa julgada à luz da doutrina, da jurisprudência dos Tribunais Superiores e também do Projeto de Novo Código de Processo Civil. / This paper deals essentially with the possibility of rendering partial judgments on the merits and on issues of merits in the Brazilian Civil Procedure, considering especially the constitutional framework of civil procedure, as well as in the prospective procedural system provided by the New Code of Civil Procedure bill, which shall be in force soon. With this goal, the principle of the indivisibility of the award on merits, its origins, its grounds and its applicability to the Brazilian Civil Procedure are addressed in the beginning of the dissertation, as this principle seems to be the main obstacle against the partial judgments. Following this, the nature of the judicial decisions in wich the partial judgments take place when admitted by the Brazilian Code of Civil Procedure of 1973 shall be analysed, in order to characterize them either as interlocutory decisions on the merits (or on issues of merits) or as partial and intermediate awards. In addition, there is a focus on clarifying the conditions in which partial judgments can be rendered, in order to carried out in and efficient fashion, and hence contributing to the effectiveness of the judicial relief. Moreover, the partial judgments in arbitration, as well as their particularities arisen from the specific provisions under the Arbitration Act and singular characteristics of arbitral procedure are analysed. The final chapters of this paper face the obstacles associated with appeals and with claim preclusion that are usually posed against the rendering of partial judgments. For this scope, there shall be addressed the theory of chapters of the award, the effects of the appeals, and specially the gradual claim preclusion in view of the scholars opinions, the case law of the Higher Courts, and also under the New Code of Civil Procedure bill.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:26:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Helio Rubens Batista Ribeiro Costa.pdf: 4204282 bytes, checksum: b2329752633fa1806df2a645c2de3e16 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-03-27 / Throuhgout this dissertation, we will study the proper paper of the Supreme Federal Court, as agency of cupola of the Judiciary Brazilian and its vocation - modern - of acting as a Constitutional Court. To reach the intended desideratum, a depp study regarding the Supreme Federal Court will be developed based on historical and, as forecast of the Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil, the ability, the organization, the structure and the composition of the court. These subjects have, even though some indirectly, a link with the appeals process of the Brazilian Supreme Court. As the general lines regarding the Supreme Federal Court are traced, the dissertaion will explore the appeals process of the Brazilian Supreme Court considering the historical origins of the institute - flowing also under the support of the foreign law - and its main aspects and points of doctrinal interest, scuh as the processing, the prequestioning, the communication of "supersedeas", the execution that if processes while hanging its judgment and the rescission of the sentence in pronounced it. Along this paper, we will explore the control of constitutionality of the laws and the nornativs acts of the Public Power in one side and the question of the "binding abridgement"in another side. Finally, we will focus on the new roupagem of the appeals process of the Brazilian Supreme Court - if they detach the justinian codes of the prequestioning, of the general repercussion, as well as its concept, law nature, hypotheses of cabiment and the right to sumular referring it. This dissertation will make a detailed study of the legilative evolution concernents of the object of the work and, of sufficiently intense form. It will also examine the evolution of the jurisprudence of the Supreme Federal Court. Sentences pronounced by the Supreme one since times (sufficiently) past until the present will be analyzed, looking for to demonstrate the jurisprudencial evolution, the positioning of the Court, the respects of the main points of the work, as they are - in special - the "binding abridgement", the general repercussion and the modulation of the effect in the judgments of the court. During the chapter exploring the "binding abridgement" not only will be analyzed the general theory of the institute and the law of regency but also the principals will be coment verbets of the compendium of the Supreme Federal Court; its "usual" abridgement ( without the binding effect), that they say respect to the interposition, processing and judgment of the appeal to the Brazilian Supreme Court. The three initials will also be commented verbets of just implemented abridgement with binding effectiveness of the court. The general repercussion of turned constitutional question in the appeal to the Brazilian Supreme Court will be analyzed of one retrospect inside historical, when - exactly that without bigger intentions - to compare itself with the institute of the petition for certionari of past systems constitutional. It will also be analyzed in function of the foreign law, with small study (to the times comparative) with the North American right and institute of certorari. All the legislative set where inserted the general repercussion will be analyzed, of Constitutional Emendation Regimental n. 45/2004 to the Emendation Regimental-STF n. 21, that it disciplines it in the scope of the court. The initial decisions will be analyzed still that are, nowadays, concepts and forming them pillars of the institute, in the vision of the Supreme Federal Court. As everything how much it rees-echo, it reverberates positive negative or, the work will develop an item of that it has not cogitated the doctrine: the "" negative "" positive "general repercussion" as or as - and will explore, in this direction, the viability of such nomenclatures and until its effect. The modulation of the effect, wants if it integrates in the context of the intent control of unconstitutionality, wants it belongs to the diffuse control, minudentement will be analyzed. In this part, the work will analyze the jurisprudencial evolution of the institute in the Supreme Federal Court, making sweepings of the main decisions that have applied it or referenciad. Of form to not only demonstrate the jurisprudence of the court, but and mainly the evolution of the institute of the modulation of the effect to the long one of the times until the present. With the advent of art. 27 of Law 9,868/99 (that explicitament it foresees and it allows the posssibilite of the modulation of the effect in the judgments of direct actions of unconstitutionality), the institute took great breath in the supreme instance. It will be perceived that in some cases - and they they will be commented - of fact the Supreme Federal Court more of the one than necessary, must, to launch hand of possibilite in it checked so that its judgment is to one alone certain time, legal, just, efficient, productive - and accepted for the society. The modulation of the effect seems to be primordial item in the agenda of the Supreme Federal Court, also inside of the perspective of a constitutional jurisdiction. Subjects as the partisan allegiance cannot be analyzed under the influx of the modulation. As well as subjects in the Supreme Federal Court, many of them of bias tributary, as we will be able to observe in the course of the work, also are to demand a differentiated behavior of judgment. By the way, the work will not be stolen to examine an adjacent point in the context of the modulation of the effect: the possibility of the institute to be applied in the judgments of the Superior Courts. So controversial how much the question of the modulation of the effect in the constitutionality judgments will have of being our proposal of professional qualification for the practice of law in Superior Courts. One and another one - however - will be developed with the maximum intellectual honesty and in accordance with logical and coherent premises, exactly that - of remaining portion and in more - some can not agree to specific conclusions on these two particular - and controversial - of the work. We will present data of interest on the brazilian Judiciary Power - and, more necessarily, of proper the Supreme Federal Court and the appeal to the Brazilian Supreme Court, one of the vehicles that in it park. The study he will develop, still, some suggestions of uniformization of application of the common concepts to the processing of the kind of appeal Brazilian Supreme Court, therefore in many times the Supreme Federal Court and the Superior Court of Justice have different positionings regarding one same subject as, for example, the concept of prequestioning, its division in implicit and explicit and the regimen of the action for a provisional remedy ones for the loan of "supersedeas" to the appeals to the Brazilian Supreme Court and special, respectively. Finally, and always that opportune, the work will present suggestions of lege ferenda / Tal como desenvolveremos a presente dissertação, focaremos o estudo do próprio papel do Supremo Tribunal Federal, como órgão de cúpula do Judiciário brasileiro e sua vocação moderna de se tornar um Tribunal Constitucional. Para alcançar o desiderato pretendido, desenvolver-se-á um estudo a respeito do Supremo Tribunal Federal que abordará dados históricos e, conforme previsão da Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil, a competência, a organização, a estrutura e a composição do tribunal. Estes temas têm, alguns ainda que indiretamente, ligação com o recurso extraordinário. Uma vez traçadas as linhas gerais a respeito do Supremo Tribunal Federal, desenvolver-se-á o estudo a respeito do recurso extraordinário onde terão lugar as origens históricas do instituto vertente inclusive sob o amparo do direito estrangeiro e os seus principais aspectos e pontos de interesse doutrinário, como o processamento, o prequestionamento, a comunicação de efeito suspensivo , a execução que se processa enquanto pendente o seu julgamento e a rescisão do acórdão nele proferido. O controle de constitucionalidade das leis e dos atos nornativos do Poder Público, de um lado; a questão da súmula vinculante , de outro; e, por fim, a nova roupagem do recurso extraordinário do que se destacam os institutos do prequestionamento, da repercussão geral, assim como seu conceito, natureza jurrídica, hipóteses de cabimento e o direito sumular a ele referente serão aordados ao longo do trabalho. A dissertação fará estudo pormenorizado da evolução legislativa concernente ao tema objeto do trabalho e, de forma bastante intensa, examinará também a evolução da jurisprudência do Supremo Tribunal Federal. Serão analisados acórdãos proferidos pelo Supremo desde épocas (bastante) pretéritas até os dias de hoje, procurando demonstrar a evolução jurisprudencial e o posicionamento da Corte a respeitos dos principais pontos do trabalho, como o sejam em especial a súmula vinculante , a repercussão geral e a modulação de efeitos nos julgamentos do tribunal. No capítulo atinente à súmula vinculante não apenas serão analisadas a teoria geral do instituto e a lei de regência como, inclusive, serão comentandos os principais verbetes do compêndio do Supremo Tribunal Federal, da sua súmula ordinária (leia-se: sem o efeito vinculante), que digam respeito à interposição, processamento e julgamento do recurso extraordinário. Serão comentados também os três iniciais verbetes da recém implementada súmula com eficácia vinculante do tribunal. A repercussão geral da questão constitucional versada no recurso extraordinário será analisada dentro de um retrospecto histórico, quando mesmo que sem maiores intenções se a comparar com o instituto da argüição de relevância de sistemas constitucionais pretéritos. Será analisada também em função do direito estrangeiro, com pequeno estudo (às vezes comparativo) com o direito norte-americano e o instituto do certiorari. Todo o conjunto legislativo em que inserida a repercussão geral será analisado, da Emenda Constitucional Regimental n. 45/2004 à Emenda Regimental-STF n. 21, que o disciplina no âmbito do tribunal. Serão analisadas ainda as iniciais decisões que estejam, nos dias de hoje, explicitando conceitos e formando os pilares do instituto, na visão do Supremo Tribunal Federal. A modulação dos efeitos, quer se integre no contexto do controle concentrado de constitucionalidade, quer pertença ao controle difuso, será minudentemente analisada. Nesta parte, o trabalho analisará a evolução jurisprudencial do instituto no Supremo Tribunal Federal, fazendo uma varredura das principais decisões que o tenham aplicado ou referenciado. De forma a demostrar não apenas a jurisprudência do tribunal, mas e principalmente a evolução do instituto da modulação dos efeitos ao longo dos tempos até os dias de hoje. Com o advento do art. 27 da Lei 9.868/99 (que explicitamente prevê e permite a posssibilidade da modulação dos efeitos nos julgamentos de ações diretas de inconstitucionalidade), o instituto tomou grande fôlego na instância suprema. Perceber-se-á que em alguns casos e eles serão comentados de fato o Supremo Tribunal Federal mais do que precisa, deve, lançar mão da(s) possibilidade(s) nele conferida(s) para que seu julgamento seja a um só tempo certo, jurídico, justo, eficaz, produtivo e aceito pela sociedade. A modulação dos efeitos parece ser item primordial na agenda do Supremo Tribunal Federal, inclusive dentro da perspectiva de uma jurisdição constitucional. Temas como a fidelidade partidária não podem ser analisados senão sob o influxo da modulação. Assim como temas pautados no Supremo Tribunal Federal, muitos deles de viés tributário, como poderemos observar no curso do trabalho, também estão a exigir uma conduta diferenciada de julgamento. Aliás, não se furtará o trabalho de examinar um ponto adjacente no contexto da modulação dos efeitos: a possibilidade de o instituto ser aplicado nos julgamentos dos Tribunais Superiores. Tão polêmica quanto a questão da modulação dos efeitos nos julgamentos de constitucionalidade haverá de ser nossa proposta de qualificação profissional para o exercício da advocacia em Tribunais Superiores. Uma e outra porém serão desenvolvidas com a máxima honestidade intelectual e de acordo com premissas lógicas e coerentes, mesmo que de resto e no mais alguns possam não concordar com as conclusões específicas sobre estes dois particulares e polêmicos itens do trabalho. Apresentaremos dados de interesse sobre o Poder Judiciário brasileiro e, mais precisamente, do próprio Supremo Tribunal Federal e do recurso extraordinário, um dos veículos que nele estacionam. O estudo desenvolverá, ainda, algumas sugestões de uniformização de aplicação dos conceitos comuns ao processamento do recurso especial, pois em muitas vezes o Supremo Tribunal Federal e o Superior Tribunal de Justiça têm posicionamentos diferentes a respeito de um mesmo assunto como, por exemplo, o conceito de prequestionamento, a sua divisão em implícito e explícito e o regime das cautelares para o empréstimo de efeito suspensivo aos recursos extraordinário e especial, respectivamente. Por fim, e sempre que oportuno, o trabalho apresentará sugestões de lege ferenda