Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2017-04-06T12:39:57Z No. of bitstreams: 1 danielafantonidelimaalexandrino.pdf: 1452933 bytes, checksum: ba25daba7a8ee4518dde95f7fa819b01 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2017-04-07T16:07:22Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 danielafantonidelimaalexandrino.pdf: 1452933 bytes, checksum: ba25daba7a8ee4518dde95f7fa819b01 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-07T16:07:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 danielafantonidelimaalexandrino.pdf: 1452933 bytes, checksum: ba25daba7a8ee4518dde95f7fa819b01 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-03-12 / FAPEMIG - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais / Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo identificar a representação de corpo das atletas femininas praticantes de Body Building. Para tanto, foi utilizada a pesquisa descritiva de cunho qualitativo que se configurou como um dos mais adequados métodos para se atingir os objetivos propostos, adotando-se como instrumentos o estudo de referenciais teóricos, entrevistas e observação. A amostra foi composta por 9 mulheres atletas de Body Building, tendo como critérios de inclusão os seguintes itens: demonstrar motivação e vontade de participar da pesquisa e participar ou ter participado de competições oficiais no Brasil. Foram entrevistadas também 1 bioquímica, 1 endocrinologista e 1 nutricionista para melhor embasar este estudo. Para tratamento dos dados utilizou–se a análise de conteúdo, proposta por Bardin (2008). Dentre as mulheres atletas entrevistadas, a idade média foi de 31 anos. 1 mulher solteira, 5 casadas, 2 divorciadas e 1 desquitada. 2 relataram ter filhos. O tempo médio de permanência nesse esporte foi de 6,33 anos. Das 9 atletas entrevistadas, 1 pertence à categoria Fitness, 2 ao Body Fitness, 2 ao Fisiculturismo e 4 ao Figure. Através das entrevistas ficou evidente que para essas atletas é atribuído ao corpo a principal fonte de felicidade e realização, dessa forma o corpo é visto como a principal fonte de vida dessas mulheres, e o mesmo assume o caráter de recompensa, de prêmio e de status social, e que para isso estão dispostas a qualquer tipo de exposição à programas de atividade física e ao uso indiscriminado de substancias lícitas (suplementos alimentares) e ilícitas (esteróides anabolizantes), assumindo riscos à saúde. Ficou visível a influência da mídia na divulgação do corpo idealizado, o que contribui para que a busca por um corpo tido como “perfeito”, para esse público, se acentue. Tais recursos ergogênicos, em especial os anabolizantes, são os responsáveis para que o corpo da mulher fique mais virilizado, assumindo aspectos masculinizantes. Concluiu–se, portanto, que as atletas de Body Building representam seus corpos como objeto passível de transformação e que é através dele que buscam conquistar a felicidade plena. Porém, ao adotarem tal significado, levam-nos a repensar o “corpo” tal como tem sido abordado pelos meios de comunicação de massa, tanto em propagandas como em programas assistidos por milhares de jovens à procura de um “ideal” de beleza. / This research has as objective identifies the representation of Body Building athletes feminine apprentices body. For so much, it was used the descriptive research of qualitative stamp that it was configured as one of the most appropriate methods to reach the proposed objectives, being adopted as instruments the study of theoretical referentials, interviews and observation. The sample was composed by 9 women athletes of Body Building, tend as inclusion criteria the following items: to demonstrate motivation and will to participate in the research and to participate or to have participated in official competitions in Brazil. There were also interviewed 1 biochemistry, 1 endocrinologist and 1 nutritionist for best to base this study. For treatment of the data it was utilized the content analysis, proposed by Bardin (2008). Among the women interviewed athletes, the medium age was 31 years. 1 single woman, 5 married, 3 divorced. 2 told their have children. The medium time of permanence in that sport was 6,33 years. Of the 9 interviewed athletes, 1 belong to the category Fitness, 2 to Body Fitness, 2 to Fisic and 4 to Figure. Through the interviews it was evident that for those athletes it is attributed to the body the main source of happiness and accomplishment, in that way the body is seen as the main source of those women’s life, and the same assumes the reward character, of prize and of social status, and that for that, they are willing the any exhibition type of programs of physical activity and the indiscriminate use of nourish lawful (alimentary supplements) and illicit (steroids anabolics), assuming risks to the health. It was visible the influence of the media in the popularization of the idealized body, what contributes so that the search for a body had as “perfect”, for that public, increase. Such resources, especially the anabolics, are the responsible so that woman`s body is more viriled, assuming manly aspects. It was concluded, therefore, that Body Building athletes represent their bodies as object susceptible to transformation and that is through it that they look for to conquer the full happiness. However, to they adopt such meaning, they take us to rethink the “body” just as it has been approached by the broadcastings, in propagandas an in programs attended by thousands of youths in search of beauty “ideal”.

A presente tese objetiva apresentar a iconografia Maxakali como expressão da vida e da concepção do universo cosmológico. Os sinais dessa expressão são em especial, os desenhos em papel elaborados pelos indivíduos do grupo, sem distinção de idade, sexo ou status sociocósmico. A finalidade é demonstrar por meio da iconografia como os Maxakali percebem o mundo por meio da percepção sensorial do corpo próprio e como constroem relações de alteridade na intersecção de concepções cosmológicas distintas. Esse movimento é importante para a composição de um diálogo em que as diferenças são pontuadas e as tensões são amplificadas, em especial quando se colocam em cena discussões e práticas de políticas públicas. A metodologia empregada na pesquisa é a mitohermenêutica simbólica de cunho antropológico cujo princípio é um cuidado investido na reflexão e na prática do conhecimento que proporciona demarcar os caminhos percorridos pelo pesquisador na inserção do contexto de sua investigação. / This present thesis aims to introduce the Maxakali iconography as life\'s expression and of the universe cosmological conception. The signs of this expression are especially the paper drawings made by the individuals pertained to the group without any discrimination of age, sex or sociocosmical status. The purpose is to demonstrate through iconography how the Maxakali people perceive the world through the sensorial perception of their own bodies and how they build up alterative relations in the intercession of distinct cosmological conceptions. This movement of ideas is very important to dialogize when differences are shown and tension is amplified chiefly when we come up to discussions and practices of public policies. The methodology used in the research is the symbolical mitohermeneutics of antropological characteristics, wich is originally based in a carefully reflection and in the practice of knowledge wich propriciates to record the ways through which the researcher in the insertion of the context of his investigation.

A presente tese objetiva apresentar a iconografia Maxakali como expressão da vida e da concepção do universo cosmológico. Os sinais dessa expressão são em especial, os desenhos em papel elaborados pelos indivíduos do grupo, sem distinção de idade, sexo ou status sociocósmico. A finalidade é demonstrar por meio da iconografia como os Maxakali percebem o mundo por meio da percepção sensorial do corpo próprio e como constroem relações de alteridade na intersecção de concepções cosmológicas distintas. Esse movimento é importante para a composição de um diálogo em que as diferenças são pontuadas e as tensões são amplificadas, em especial quando se colocam em cena discussões e práticas de políticas públicas. A metodologia empregada na pesquisa é a mitohermenêutica simbólica de cunho antropológico cujo princípio é um cuidado investido na reflexão e na prática do conhecimento que proporciona demarcar os caminhos percorridos pelo pesquisador na inserção do contexto de sua investigação. / This present thesis aims to introduce the Maxakali iconography as life\'s expression and of the universe cosmological conception. The signs of this expression are especially the paper drawings made by the individuals pertained to the group without any discrimination of age, sex or sociocosmical status. The purpose is to demonstrate through iconography how the Maxakali people perceive the world through the sensorial perception of their own bodies and how they build up alterative relations in the intercession of distinct cosmological conceptions. This movement of ideas is very important to dialogize when differences are shown and tension is amplified chiefly when we come up to discussions and practices of public policies. The methodology used in the research is the symbolical mitohermeneutics of antropological characteristics, wich is originally based in a carefully reflection and in the practice of knowledge wich propriciates to record the ways through which the researcher in the insertion of the context of his investigation.

Relations with pupils are very important sphere of trainer’s activity. Efficiency of trainer’s and athletes’ interaction depends on that, what expectations pupils relate with their trainer and how the trainer realizes those expectations himself. Analysis of the trainer’s personality and viewpoint of athletes towards it should help in looking for more efficient relation of a trainer with his athletes. After all, knowing the viewpoint of his athletes the trainer will be able to draw certain conclusions about mutual relationship and to improve quality of his work. The key objective of the research is to analyse viewpoint of various performance aerobics and body-building athletes and trainers’ towards sport educator’s personality and peculiarities of intercommunication. There were 90 respondents participating in the research aged from 18 to 52. The task group consisted of 34 aerobics athletes and 10 aerobics trainers; 32 body-building athletes and 14 body-building trainers. After completion of the research it is possible to draw conclusions that high peak performance aerobics representatives evaluated trainer’s creativity and friendliness higher and low peak performance athletes – his communicability, erudition, ability to communicate, energy, dutifulness, friendliness, sense of humour, workability, sincerity, physical fitness, correct posture. High peak performance body-building athletes evaluated trainer’s erudition higher, there was no statistically significant difference... [to full text]

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T13:27:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 865786 bytes, checksum: 66898194553c526151a6b07624b2edca (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-06-26 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This paper discusses the problem of the intensive use of anabolic-androgenic steroid hormones (AAS), also popularly known as anabolic steroids by male gym-goers in a popular neighborhood in the city of João Pessoa. This research aims to understand, within a sociological perspective, the relationship of confidence and fear in the uses of anabolic steroid hormones, as well as their own motivations for the practice of bodybuilding and the use of these drugs masculinizing. Given the above, it is clear that in contemporary society, the body became a central element in the lives of many individuals, this reality, the result of the phenomenon of the cult of the body that in recent decades took radicalized forms. In this context, while the corpolatria intensifies, paradoxically grows in the same proportions, the people's dissatisfaction with their body image, especially when compared to ideal body widely socially valued. This situation is aggravated in a society in which we are charged, tried, identified and classified by body image. Thus, the overestimation of body image is causing many people to commit excesses in the use of many different ways in the pursuit of body aesthetically "perfect." These excesses are increasingly "blind", a symptom of the culture of presenteeism, which maintains the "now" as most important time for those seeking the transformation of body shape. These phenomena affect many individuals to embark in the underworld of the use of anabolic steroids with intent to build a body "healed" in a short time. In these circumstances the trust and fear is particularly important, because from these two elements, individuals direct their actions and speeches for use or not use of these substances. / O presente trabalho versa sobre o problema do uso intensivo dos hormônios esteroides anabólicos androgênicos (EAAs), também conhecidos popularmente como esteroides anabolizantes, por homens frequentadores de academia de ginástica de um bairro popular na cidade de João Pessoa. Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo, compreender, dentro de uma perspectiva sociológica, a relação de confiança e medo nos usos dos hormônios esteroides anabolizantes, bem como, as próprias motivações para a prática da musculação e a utilização destas drogas masculinizantes. Diante do exposto, percebe-se que na sociedade contemporânea, o corpo tornou-se elemento central na vida de muitos indivíduos, realidade esta, fruto do fenômeno do culto ao corpo que nas últimas décadas tomou formas radicalizadas. Neste contexto, ao mesmo tempo em que a corpolatria se intensifica, paradoxalmente cresce, nas mesmas proporções, a insatisfação das pessoas com sua imagem corporal, principalmente quando comparados aos ideais corpóreos amplamente valorizados socialmente. Esta realidade se agrava em uma sociedade em que somos cobrados, julgados, classificados e identificados pela imagem corporal. Assim, a supervalorização da imagem corporal está fazendo com que muitas pessoas cometam excessos na utilização dos mais diferentes meios na busca pelo corpo esteticamente perfeito . Estes excessos estão cada vez mais cegos , sintoma da cultura do presenteísmo, onde sustenta o agora , como tempo mais importante para os que procuram a transformação da forma corporal. Tais fenômenos condicionam muitos indivíduos a embarcarem no submundo da utilização dos esteroides anabolizantes com a intenção de construir um corpo sarado em um curto espaço de tempo. Nestas circunstâncias a relação de confiança e medo tem importância particular, pois, a partir destes dois elementos (e também de outros), os indivíduos direcionam suas ações e discursos para o uso ou não uso destas substâncias.

Cette enquête micro-sociologique réalisée sous forme d'observation participante active, s'intéresse aux questions suivantes : comment devient-on body-builder? Comment s'installent des pressions normatives et « déviances positives » attendues et reconnues par le groupe de pratiquants? Ainsi, pendant 8 mois, j'ai suivi une initiation au body-building supervisée par un ancien body-builder (titré internationalement) devenu coach. J'ai participé aux séances de musculation aux côtés de compétiteurs, sportifs et sédentaires, au rythme de quatre entraînements de deux heures par semaine. La thèse soutient que le body-building de haut-niveau fonctionne sur le principe de l'ascèse tout en construisant un lien social de type sectaire entre les membres du groupe et le coach. La transformation du corps demande une implication totale qui a pour conséquence une rupture du quotidien et une restructuration des relations sociales de l'initié. Plus il est reconnu et accepté par le coach et ses pairs, plus il reçoit un regard critique de l'extérieur, ce qui le conduit à un isolement social et renforce les processus d'emprise corporels exercés. Le coach agit comme un gourou de secte en conditionnant le quotidien des athlètes pour les modeler à son image. / This micro-sociological investigation, using the participant observation method, studied how a person becomes a body-builder? How does the expected and accepted normative pressures and " positive deviances " become common practice by the members of the group? Therefore, during 8 months, I followed an initiation of body-building supervised by a former body-builder (internationally titled) who had became a coach. I went to the weight room with competitors, sportsmen and amateur for two hours four times a week. This thesis supports that top-level body-building works on the principle of asceticism and builds sectarian-type social links between the members of the group and the coach. A total implication is required for the transformation of the body which implies giving up the normal every day life and restructuring the initiated persons social relationships. The more he is recognized and accepted by the coach and his peers, the more he will be a criticized from the outside. This will drive him to social isolation and will strengthen the influence exercised by the coach. The coach acts as a guru of sect by controlling the everyday life of the athletes to model them into his image.

Walden University College of Social and Behavioral Sciences This is to certify that the doctoral dissertation by Sylvania Ann Jones has been found to be complete and satisfactory in all respects, and that any and all revisions required by the review committee have been made. Review Committee Dr. Anthony Perry, Committee Chairperson, Psychology Faculty Dr. Stephen Burgess, Committee Member, Psychology Faculty Dr. James Carroll, University Reviewer, Psychology Faculty Chief Academic Officer Eric Riedel, Ph.D. Walden University 2017 Factors Related to Muscle Dysmorphia Symptomology in Adolescent Males by Sylvania Ann Jones BS, Wayland Baptist University 1999 MA, Wayland Baptist University 2009 MA, Webster University 2006 Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Psychology Walden University December 2016 The prevalence of muscle dysmorphia symptomology in adolescent males continues to increase, and yet remains under diagnosed in adolescents, supporting the need for a study to increase the understanding of the factors related to muscle dysmorphia symptomology. The purpose of this quantitative survey research study was to determine variables that predict the muscle dysmorphia symptomology in a nonclinical sample of high school adolescent males. The psycho-behavioral model of muscle dysmorphia was used as the conceptual model to explain the psychological factors such as self-esteem and body dissatisfaction and behavioral factors such as bodybuilding dependence that were hypothesized to be related to muscle dysmorphia. Quantitative surveys included the Body Dysmorphic Examination Self Report, Body Esteem Scale for Adolescents and Adults, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Body Building Dependence Scale and a researcher-developed demographic survey. The study participants included a sample of 97 high school males. Multiple regression analysis was used to determine the relative strength of the variables in predicting muscle dysmorphia. The results showed that there were several significant predictors of muscle dysmorphia symptomology including race/ethnicity, level of body dissatisfaction, and body building dependence. Sexual orientation and self-esteem were not significant predictors of muscle symptomology. The current study filled the gap in the literature regarding factors that predict muscle dysmorphia among adolescent males. This information supports the development of professional practice and psychoeducational programs designed to assist adolescent males with muscle dysmorphia. This study benefits this cohort by presenting awareness of muscle dysmorphia.

This diploma thesis describes the phenomenon of fitness through the gender perspective. The research took place in the environment of a particular fitness center. The space of the gym and the visitors' behavior were observed through the participating observation and semi- structured interviews. It was explored how a specific activity helps to form the identity of the trainees and how the relationships between them are created. This thesis analysis the rules according to which people behave in the given environment of the gym. It represents the gym as an environment that preserves the dominant concepts of masculinities and femininities on the one hand, but on the other hand visitors of the gym are allowed to disrupt the gender order by non-stereotypical behavior in certain situations. It was found out that attending a fitness center affects and disciplines the lives of trainees outside the gym.

Este projeto está intimamente ligado à criação artística do ator, suas abordagens, reflexões e métodos. Ele está no âmbito da pesquisa do corpo cênico, de seus movimentos e de sua continua (re)significação perante quem o assiste e, por sua vez, da sua própria (re)organização. Para isso, cartografei meu próprio processo de aprendizagem e criação através dos diálogos entre o método de educação do movimento, Body Mind Centering®, inicialmente desenvolvido pela americana Bonnie Bainbridge Cohen, das formas de extração e codificação de matrizes corporais mapeadas por Renato Ferracini, e dos princípios da performance estudados por Renato Cohen. Assim, o desafio desta pesquisa foi a utilização do material perceptivo, proveniente da prática corporal, para a elaboração cênica. Ou seja, transcrever as sensações em matrizes codificadas, visando uma apresentação final em que este procedimento fosse (in)visível. / The present project is closely linked to the artistic creation of the actor, his approaches, thoughts and methods. The project is located in the realm of the research of the scenic body , its movements and its continuous (re)meaning in the face of the spectator and, on its turn, facing its own (re)organization. To achieve my goal I mapped our own learning and creation process through the dialog between the method of educating the movement, called Body Mind Centering ®, firstly developed by Bonnie Bainbridge, through the method of extracting and encoding the body matrixes mapped by Renato Ferracini, and through the performances studied by Renato Cohen. Therefore, the challenge of the present research was the use of perceptive material, deriving from the body practice used to build the scene. That means, translate the sensations into coded matrixes, aiming a final presentation where the said procedure would be (in)visible.

En negativ kroppsuppfattning är vanligare bland kvinnliga atleter inom sporter som kräver låg kroppsvikt och/eller kroppsfettprocent än övriga populationen (Goldfield, 2009; Kong & Harris, 2015). Kroppsmissnöje kan leda till ohälsosamma beteenden som överdriven träning, störda ätbeteenden eller dietbeteenden för att förändra kroppen samt undvikande beteenden (Grogan, 2006).Syftet med den befintliga studien var att undersöka Bikini Fitness-atleters erfarenheter och upplevelser av kroppsuppfattning kopplat till sporten och tävling. Sammanlagt deltog sex kvinnliga Bikini Fitness-atleter från södra Sverige i åldrarna 23–27 år (M=25, SD=1,29), som samtliga intervjuades individuellt i cirka 60 minuter. I studien av kvalitativ design analyserades den insamlade data genom en kvalitativ innehållsanalys utifrån riktlinjer av Lundman och Hällgren-Graneheim (2012). Resultatet visade att det fanns erfarenheter av kroppsmissnöje relaterat till Bikini Fitness, då deltagarna rapporterade upplevelser som kan relateras till positiv men också negativ kroppsuppfattning. Detta stämde överens med tidigare forskning som konstaterat kroppsmissnöje bland atleter inom kroppsbyggnadssporten (Chaba, D’Arripe-Longueville, Scoffier-Mériaux & Lentillon-Kaestner, 2018).Den aktuella studien kan eventuellt bidra med meningsfull kunskap gällande Bikini Fitness-atleters upplevelser av kroppsuppfattning relaterat till sporten och tävling samt bidra till en djupare förståelse för Bikini Fitness som disciplin, hur deltagare i sporten upplever de olika momenten och perioderna samt när de behöver extra socialt stöd. / A negative body image is more common among female athletes in leanness-sports compared to the general population (Goldfield, 2009; Kong & Harris, 2015). Body dissatisfaction can lead to unhealthy behaviors like excessive exercise, disordered eating or dieting to change the body and avoidance (Grogan, 2006).The aim of the current study was to examine Bikini Fitness athlete’s experience of body image associated with the sport and competition. Totally six female Bikini Fitness athletes of age 23-27 (M=25, SD=1,29) from southern Sweden participated in an individual interview of approximately 60 minutes. In the qualitative study, the data was analysed in a qualitative content analysis by guidelines of Lundman and Hällgren-Graneheim (2012). The result showed that the athletes experienced body dissatisfaction related to Bikini Fitness and reported experiences related to both a positive and a negative body image. Moreover, the result was in line with previous research that discovered body dissatisfaction among athletes in the physique sport(Chaba et al., 2018). The current study may contribute with meaningful knowledge regarding Bikini Fitness-athlete’s experiences of body image related to the sport and competition. Also, to create a deeper understanding of Bikini Fitness as a discipline and how the different elements and periods is experienced by the athletes in the sport and when they need extra social support.