Global ETD Search

1	Business associations and the governance of sustainability standards in Global Production Networks : the case of the CSC9000T standard in the Chinese apparel sector Braun-Munzinger, Corinna January 2018 (has links) The Global Production Networks (GPNs) framework has shown how interactions among various types of firm and non-firm actors at different geographic scales are often crucial to improve the design and implementation of social and environmental standards. However, one set of actors that the GPN framework has largely overlooked are business associations. Sectoral expertise, access to member firms and the ability to represent firms towards external standard-setters make local business associations interesting as regulatory intermediaries between member firms and local and global standard setters. Nonetheless, the ways in which such intermediary roles may operate, and how they may build on local collective action within business associations, remain conceptually and empirically understudied. In seeking to contribute to this gap, this thesis addresses the question: What roles do business associations play in the governance of sustainability standards within GPNs? To address this question, the thesis explores the value-added of an analytical approach that integrates concepts from the literature on associational governance and regulatory governance into the GPN framework. It focuses on collective self-regulation and intermediation as two distinct but potentially complementary roles that business associations can take on in the governance of sustainability standards. In the GPN context, intermediary roles can play out towards local and global standard-setters. This analytical framework is applied to a case study of the CSC9000T standard created by the China National Textile and Apparel Council (CNTAC). Empirical data was collected over a 10 months period between December 2014 - September 2015. It includes secondary documents and 58 semi-structured primary interviews with Chinese business associations and firms as well as international actors involved in CSR in China. A congruence analysis is used to examine the extent to which each of the two conceptual roles of self-regulation and intermediation can explain CNTAC's roles in CSC9000T. Findings show that both roles add value to explaining the case study. However, limitations faced in both roles reflect how the association's embeddedness in the overall GPN influences these roles. Overall, the thesis argues that a conceptual lens that views business associations both as collective actors and as regulatory intermediaries may add value to understanding their ability to govern sustainability standards, but needs to be seen in the context of an association's embeddedness in the wider GPN. These findings have implications for considering when, and how, local business associations may be relevant in wider research on sustainability standards in global production.
2	Do business associations sufficiently add value in the steel industry in emerging markets Mpotu, Johannes Morutoe 28 July 2012 (has links) Literature in business associations reveals an efficient confluence of business to provide member firms with benefits obtained from cooperation with other firms in the industry. They assist firms through knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. They can particularly play an important role in the areas of market integration, source of information, lobbying for regulation, standard setting and policy. Studies have also shown that lack of political influence helps discourage good governance or the ability to manage public affairs and deliver basic services; when acting alone individual firms may not be capable of taking part effectively in the interchange with government. This study involved a qualitative study which consisted of case studies and in-depth face to face interviews with association and member companies’ executives that are actively involved in business association activities in the South African Steel industry. The study concluded that business associations arise for different reasons and in different environments, to assist business with meeting certain challenges; they can sometimes play a positive role by making up for failing development institutions but they can also be detrimental to social welfare because of rent-seeking behaviour. / Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS) / unrestricted UCTD Business associations Steel industry Value added
3	Den första inblicken i regionala företagarföreningar : En fallstudie av Örebro Promotion Arlmark, Johan, Bolin, Johan January 2011 (has links) Many studies have been conducted of different types of business networks in recent years. Despite this, there is a lack of research concerning industry-transcending formal networks which are limited to a specific region. We have conducted a case study of Örebro Promotion, which is an industry-transcending network including over 500 members. Örebro is a medium-sized city in the middle of Sweden. The purpose with our study is to create an understanding of why enterprises choose to be a part of the network and what they feel is the gain of their membership. This study is exploratory and should be viewed as the start of this much-needed field of research. The case study is based on observations of the activities of this network and others of similar character. We have interviewed a number of network facilitators, current members and members that have decided to leave the network during the last year. The study includes a literature review of general network research with a particular focus on research of different types of formal networks. Based on the literature review we have found seven factors that come as a result of being a member in a network. These factors are information/knowledge sharing, new business opportunities, a broadened network, regional development, lobbying, reduced costs and resource expenditure. Our study indicates that reduced costs, knowledge sharing and regional development cannot be viewed as important factors in Örebro Promotion. Instead our data shows that marketing and legitimacy are two factors that do have an impact. However, the most important factors for business enterprises in this type of networks differ depending on the characteristics of each enterprise. For small businesses new business opportunities was the single most important factor concerning why these actors choose to be members in this network. For larger enterprises lobbying, in the sense that Örebro Promotion creates an arena for meeting politicians, were seen as the most important factor. A broadened network was generally viewed as a reason for a membership. Concerning what the enterprises gain from their membership, information was something all respondents mentioned as the most concrete factor. The opportunity to market the company towards other businesses was also seen as an important factor. A majority felt that the membership in Örebro Promotion did not create new business opportunities to extent they were hoping for. Since our study is one of the first concerning this form of network, we believe that further research is needed. A start could be similar studies of networks with similar characteristics in Sweden. This would be important to find out if the factors that have been found to be important in Örebro Promotion could be applied to other networks. formal networks regional business associations networking Business studies Företagsekonomi
4	Business Orders under Disordered Bureaucracies: Firms, Associations and the Post-Communist State Hedberg, Masha January 2011 (has links) The dissertation analyzes the behavior of post-communist firms and business associations, and explores how business interests and organization are affected by the types of states that firms confront. Focusing on the countries of the former Soviet Union, the project seeks to further our understanding of post-communist political economy and enrich extant theory on business-state relations. I challenge conventional explanations for why business organizes, and why some firms join formal business associations, while others do not. Existing theories draw primarily from the experience of advanced industrial democracies, and thus fail to capture the dynamics of organization when business confronts a corrupt, and frequently predatory, state. Drawing on fieldwork in Russia and Ukraine, and aggregate analysis covering other transition economies, the project identifies the conditions that restructure incentives for firms to participate in business associations, and impede associations from developing as political intermediaries that facilitate interaction between public and private actors. It locates these conditions in the character and structure of the state which differentiates some post-communist states not only from their peers in the region, but also from the advanced industrial states on whose experience conventional theories are built. The presence of incapacitated and highly corrupt bureaucracies cardinally alters the traditional incentives for firms to organize collectively. When firms can expect little of the civil service with respect to public goods provision and policy continuity, but can instead expect public servants to work for private gain, they develop strong incentives to turn to private arrangements in order to lessen the uncertainty and threats bred in the absence of strong state institutions. The structure and character of the state bureaucracy also affects the opportunities for, and constraints on, engagement between business associations and public officials. Corruption within the bureaucracy is most commonly viewed as an opportunity that business can exploit. Instead, I show that the prevalence of corruption hinders the ability of business associations to obtain influence over government agencies. Precisely because corruption enables direct contacts by individual corporate giants with government agencies, it undermines the collective efforts of smaller firms that make up the majority of the private sector. There is, however, an ironic twist to the story. Under some conditions, corruption within the bureaucracy can impel political authorities to empower external, private business groups in order to divest themselves of an ineffective tool of policy implementation. This “divesture rationale” adds an additional consideration to existing arguments about how, when, and for what purposes collective, membership-based organizations emerge in the private sector. / Government bureaucracy business associations corruption firms post-communism self-regulation political science
5	Gestão do conhecimento: uma proposta de modelo para associações empresariais Antochio, Marcela 25 February 2014 (has links) Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:16:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 5824.pdf: 4342046 bytes, checksum: 01c5bb0dd5348e19859b6a4c827a65be (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-25 / In an environment where competitive advantage and taking appropriate decisions are essential to business success, the use of mechanisms that facilitate the storage and retrieval of informational sources and knowledge management can become an ally in the "race" by the market. In this scenario also, are micro and small enterprises, competing directly with companies of medium to large, national and international. How micro and small enterprises can reach levels of excellence and quality in their products and services when encountered a macroeconomic scenario so diverse? This research, using as a basis the state of the art in Knowledge Management, intends to structure a model of knowledge management that provides the generation and exchange of knowledge capable of external aid in the decision-making mechanism. For this exploratory research, a survey of secondary sources and primary data was performed. The proposed model aims to demonstrate the processes of knowledge generation, filtering, disclose, store and retrieve such knowledge, based on the characteristics and needs related to business associations and companies that integrate and propose mechanisms for analysis of the use in order to provide tools to classify the levels of improvement in organizational learning and performance together in the organization, is also defined the role of the participating members of the Association for each step, demonstrating the importance of the human factor for an effective Knowledge Management. , Filtering, DSI for businesses; Storage; Use, Decision Making, Organizational Performance and Professional Knowledge Generation of Knowledge: As a final result a model of knowledge management consists of 8 steps was obtained. / Em um ambiente onde a vantagem competitiva e tomada de decisões adequadas são imprescindíveis para o sucesso empresarial, a utilização de mecanismos que facilitem o armazenamento e recuperação de fontes informacionais e a Gestão do Conhecimento organizacional podem se tornar um aliado na corrida pelo mercado. Neste cenário encontram-se também as Micro e Pequenas empresas (MPEs), competindo diretamente com empresas de Médio a Grande Porte, nacionais e internacionais. Como MPEs podem atingir níveis de excelência e qualidade em seus produtos e serviços quando deparadas a um cenário macroeconômico tão diverso? A presente pesquisa, utilizando como base o estado-da-arte em Gestão do Conhecimento, pretende estruturar um modelo de Gestão do Conhecimento que proporcione a geração e troca de conhecimentos externos capazes de auxiliar no mecanismo de tomada de decisões. Para tal foi realizada uma pesquisa exploratória, com levantamento em fontes de informação secundárias e primárias. O modelo aqui proposto pretende demonstrar os processos de geração do conhecimento, como filtrar, divulgar, armazenar e recuperar tais conhecimentos, tendo como base as características e necessidades relacionadas às Associações Empresariais e as empresas que a integram, e propor mecanismos de análise da utilização afim de proporcionar ferramentas para classificar os níveis de melhoria na aprendizagem organizacional e conjuntamente no desempenho da organização, também é definido o papel dos membros participantes da Associação para cada etapa, demonstrando a importância do fator humano para uma efetiva Gestão do Conhecimento. Como resultado final foi obtido um modelo de Gestão do conhecimento composto por 8 etapas: Geração do Conhecimento; Filtragem; DSI para empresas; Armazenagem; Utilização; Tomada de Decisões; Desempenho Organizacional e Profissionais do Conhecimento. Gestão do conhecimento Modelo SECI Associações empresariais Knowledge management Model SECI Business associations OUTROS
6	Chamada pública para a formação de parcerias societárias entre os setores público e privado: superando incertezas e promovendo a transparência Brito, Pedro Eduardo Fernandes 20 April 2017 (has links) Submitted by PEDRO BRITO (pedroedubrito@terra.com.br) on 2017-05-30T13:27:42Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Chamada_Pú blica - Pedro_E_F_Brito - FGV Direito SP- Mestrado Profissional.pdf: 1169003 bytes, checksum: 4bd37d428d26ee9a0f6b8be7bef63a27 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Joana Martorini (joana.martorini@fgv.br) on 2017-05-31T13:54:15Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Chamada_Pú blica - Pedro_E_F_Brito - FGV Direito SP- Mestrado Profissional.pdf: 1169003 bytes, checksum: 4bd37d428d26ee9a0f6b8be7bef63a27 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-31T16:57:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Chamada_Pú blica - Pedro_E_F_Brito - FGV Direito SP- Mestrado Profissional.pdf: 1169003 bytes, checksum: 4bd37d428d26ee9a0f6b8be7bef63a27 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-04-20 / The business association between state-owned and private companies has intensified in recent years, in the country. Special purpose partnerships formed between these partners proliferate, especially in the electric Power sector. Federal state-owned enterprises in this sector use these partnerships to expand supply and meet growing demand for electricity, essential for industrial and social development. In the present work, we argue that there is a need to systematize the procedure for the formation of such partnerships between state and private companies. The subject-matter of this study is the public call procedure, a not yet developed means of conferring publicity and transparency on the business conducted between these sectors. The lack of a systematization in the forming of such partnerships with the private sector confers to state-owned companies a very wide margin of discretion for the selection of their partners, without disclosing the criteria and the reasons that would justify such a choice. However, it is recognized that there are regulatory limits imposed by the nature of the state entity, as outlined in the 1988 Federal Constitution, which should form the procedural basis of the public call, in order to render the business entered into by those companies transparent. The examination of the public call procedure in Brazil and abroad examples, the approach taken by the Brazilian Court of Audit and the legislation governing similar procedures leads to the conclusion that the model adopted by the state sector for the proposed purpose is not transparent, since it lacks essential elements for business decision-making. In light of this finding, we propose a way forward, indicating some tools to assist the development of the public call and to make it a procedure capable of creating value for these partnerships, without violating the norms incident on the business of the state enterprise. / A associação empresarial entre empresas estatais e privadas intensificou-se nos últimos anos no país. Proliferam as sociedades de propósito específico formadas entre esses sócios, principalmente no setor elétrico. As empresas estatais federais deste setor utilizam-se dessas parcerias para expandir a oferta e atender a demanda crescente por energia elétrica, essencial para o desenvolvimento industrial e social. No presente trabalho, sustentamos que há necessidade de sistematizar o procedimento utilizado para a formação desse tipo de parcerias entre as empresas estatais e privadas. O procedimento que é objeto do presente estudo é o da chamada pública, um meio ainda precário de conferir publicidade e transparência aos negócios realizados entre esses setores. Partindo da constatação de que a ausência de uma sistematização para esse procedimento de formação de parcerias com o setor privado confere às empresas estatais uma margem muita ampla de discricionariedade para a seleção dos parceiros, sem dar a conhecer os critérios e as razões que justificariam tal escolha, reconhece-se que há limites normativos impostos pela natureza da entidade estatal, traçados na Constituição Federal de 1988, que devem compor a base procedimental da chamada pública, de modo a conferir a necessária transparência aos negócios celebrados por essas empresas. Exemplos de utilização do procedimento da chamada pública no Brasil e no exterior, a abordagem do Tribunal de Contas da União e da legislação que rege procedimentos semelhantes permite concluir que o modelo adotado pelo setor estatal para a finalidade proposta não é transparente, porquanto carece de elementos essenciais para a tomada de decisão empresarial. Diante dessa constatação, propomos um caminho a seguir, indicando algumas ferramentas para auxiliar o desenvolvimento da chamada pública e torná-la um procedimento capaz de criar valor para essas parcerias, sem violar as normas incidentes sobre os negócios da empresa estatal. State business associations Public call Electric sector Models and procedure Associações empresariais estatais Chamada pública Setor elétrico Modelos e procedimentos Direito Concorrência pública Concessões administrativas Concorrência Energia elétrica - Concessões - Brasil
7	Regulating a Controversy : Inside Stakeholder Strategies and Regime Transition in the Self-Regulation of Swedish Advertising 1950–1971 Funke, Michael January 2015 (has links) This thesis concerns the development of the self-regulation of advertising in Sweden from 1950 until 1971. Self-regulation was initiated in the 1930s due to a business desire to regulate fair competition in marketing, and while it initially was a minor operation, the 1950s and 1960s were characterized by extensive development. When self-regulation was overtaken by state policies in 1971, it included several interlocking systems, of which parts survived the introduction of the state regime. The thesis’ aim has been to analyze how the rapid regime transitions in the self-regulation regime can be understood. The existing literature identifies four major transitions that occurred during the studied time period. To understand them, the thesis has studied the policy processes leading up to these transitions. Focus has been on the business interest organizations that controlled the regime and their regulatory strategies. Theoretically, the analysis has departed from the hypothesis that tensions between these organizations, due to their members’ different market interests and varying levels of exposure to regulation and public badwill, to a significant degree informed their strategic choices as well as policy outcomes. The results show that the policy processes preceding the regime transitions were characterized by internal tensions, whereby organizations representing advertisers, and to a lesser degree media carriers, due to their members’ higher level of exposure to regulation and public badwill, successfully supported stronger market policing, while ad agencies, being less exposed, as well as a peak industry organization for the proliferation of marketing largely opposed such measures, preferring a more lenient regulation. However, due to increased exposure to regulation and bad will, the ad agencies finally abandoned their opposition and took the lead in regulatory innovation through the introduction of an extensive clearance program that survived the launch of the state regime, becoming a key component in the co-regulatory structure that followed. advertising advertising criticism advertising regulation advertising history advertising industry affluent society business business associations business history business interest organizations business studies competition consumer consumer politics consumer history consumerism co-regulation corporatism economic history history interest groups market regulation marketing marketing history marketing regulation marketer policy studies policy process political economy political science postwar regime regulation theory self-regulation market self-regulation self-regulation history stakeholder Sweden efterkrigstiden ekonomisk historia företagsekonomi företagshistoria historia intressegrupper konsumentfrågor konsumentpolitik konsumenthistoria konsumenträtt korporatism lagstiftning marknad marknadsföring marknadsföringshistoria marknadsregleringar marknadsrätt näringslivet näringslivsorganisationer politisk ekonomi regleringar regleringsteori reklam reklambranschen reklamhistoria rättshistoria samhällsvetenskap samreglering självreglering socialdemokratin statsvetenskap Sverige

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