The purpose of the study is to reach an understanding of some children´s experience of safety in preschool and important factors for their experience of safety. Our study is a qualitative study with a hermeneutic approach. We chose to perform semi-structured group- and couple interviews with children in order to hear their thoughts about safety as well as their experiences of it. In the analysis of our material, we have used the hermeneutical circel and the RUS-model. We have done so in order to interpret the children´s experiences and thoughts about safety in preschool within certain limited areas. The results show us that good peer relations and meaningful activities had significant roles for the children´s experience of security. Indirect factors that we interpreted were important for the children´s experiences of security were the educators, the physical environment and functioning routines.

The purpose of this study is to emphasize the democratic term. We wanted to study how pedagogues act and deal with their own feelings, when they meet the thoughts and feelings of the children around the topic gathering in preschool. Our starting point was the answers from the interviews we held. Our questions were "What do the children and pedagogues think is the purpose of the gathering? How do the children and pedagogues experience that influence and participation are given to the children on the gathering? How do the children and pedagogues see to children`s participation on the gathering? Do the pedagogues experience the gathering from the children´s perspective?" We interpret the answers with Husserls phenomenologic theory to get closer to the subjective feeling. In our studie we have discovered that children´s and pedagouges view on influence and participation do differ. We also included children´s perspectiv to the studie. The pedagouges view on children´s perspective involves the preconception of how the preschool´s activity´s should be done. Our conclusion reads: The children do not only need to be heard. They need to be listened upon to be able to create a feeling of the democracy´s parts, where influence and participation are important aspects in our society. Where everyone´s value should be equally considered, regardless of age or any other entities of the power factors.

Meaningfulness – a matter of student´s participation and influence in activities in the schoolyard? According to the compulsory school curriculum Lgr 11 (Skolverket 2019), leisure – time centers must conduct teaching that is based on the student´s own interests and needs, to give them a meaningful leisure time. The school´s governing document also states that students have the right to participate and have influence over their stay in its various activities, and that students must be educated to be able to become democratic citizens. In cases where the leisure – time center doesn´t translate the theory into practice, where the intentions of the curriculum do not become at real influence and participation for the students, a gap i created between the educator´s child perspective and the child´s (student´s) own perspective. This can have consequences when it comes to what the various parties regards as meaningful, but can also create the image of sham democracy. Our study wants to shed light on the significance of the gap between the different perspectives, in relation to the concepts of meaningfulness and participation in the leisure activities that take place on the schoolyard. The intention is to examine student´s own experiences as well as which other factors on the yard that can also affect them.Previous research shows that the design of schoolyards and what is available in its environment, can affect student´s experiences of their stay there. At the same time, students are rarely given any opportunity to be involved to influence the design through participation in decisions. This is confirmed in our study. The research also highlights how continuously and actively implementation of democratic values in leisure – time center is of importance for students to fully understand their rights. In our empirical study, we chose the Walk & talk method to bring light to the children´s perspectives and also a small survey with relevant educators to be able to compare the results from their child perspectives. The answer and conclusions we have reached confirm previous research and show the importance of safeguarding student´s rights in the form of participation and influence and that these are complied with in practice. / Meningsfullhet – en fråga om elevers delaktighet och inflytande i aktiviteter på gården? Enligt grundskolans läroplan ska fritidshemmen bedriva en undervisning som utgår från elevernas egna intressen och behov för att ge en meningsfull fritid (Skolverket 2019). Skolans styrdokument säger också att eleverna besitter rättigheter att själva vara delaktiga och ha inflytande över sin vistelse i dess olika verksamheter, samt att eleverna ska fostras till demokratiska medborgare. I de fall där verksamheterna inte omsätter teorin i praktik, där läroplanens intentioner inte blir till reellt inflytande och delaktighet för eleverna, skapas ett glapp mellan pedagogers barnperspektiv och barns (elevers) perspektiv. Detta kan ge konsekvenser när det kommer till vad de olika parterna anser meningsfullt men kan också skapa bilden av skendemokrati. Studien vill belysa vilken betydelse glappet mellan de olika perspektiven har, i relation till begreppen meningsfullhet och delaktighet i de fritidsverksamheter som sker på skolgården. Avsikten är att undersöka elevernas egna upplevelser och erfarenheter tillika vilka övriga faktorer på (skol)gården som också kan påverka dem.Tidigare forskning visar att utformningen av gårdarna och vilka erbjudanden som finns i dess miljö, kan påverka elevernas upplevelse av sin vistelse där. Samtidigt ges sällan eleverna någon möjlighet att vara med och påverka utformningen av dem genom delaktighet i besluten, Detta bekräftas i vår empiriska studie. Forskningen lyfter också fram vikten av att fritidshemmens verksamhet kontinuerligt och aktivt implementerar de demokratiska värderingarna i praktiken för att de ska ha reell betydelse för eleverna. I studien valde vi walk and talk- metoden för att på så sätt lyfta fram barnens perspektiv och en mindre enkät med berörda pedagoger för att kunna jämföra resultaten ur deras barnperspektiv. De svar och slutsatser vi kommit fram till bekräftar tidigare forskning samt visar på vikten av att värna elevers rättigheter i form av delaktighet och inflytande och att dessa efterlevs i praktiken.

No description available.

No description available.

The purpose of this qualitative study is to find out if social workers are opacifying children in children investigations. We wanted to get knowledge about, how social workers make children visible in the investigation by allowing their voices to be heard. The data for the study was collected from six interviews in the south of Sweden. In our conclusion of the results we interpret that in many cases it is all about how the social worker choose to use the discretionary power, if the children´s perspective get the attention it suppose to in the investigation. The total amount of work as in number of cases is also a relevant factor to consider together with experience and culture of the workplace, they all affect the possibility to see children´s perspective and lift it as an important part of the investigation.

The purpose with this degree thesis was to investigate the preschool teacher´s view onchildrens´s influence in preschool routine situations. The target group for this study ispreschool teacher´s that currently are working with children that are 1 – 5 years of age. To manage to answer the aim of this study semi-structured interviews were conducted. I have performed interviews with five preschool teacher´s that currently work in a preschool that is situated in a medium sized city, in the county Värmland, Sweden. The results show that the preschool teacher´s interprets that children are given influence in preschool routine situations, where there are factors influencing if the children is having any influence or not. I found that influence seems to be a very large area, where the preschool teacher´s interprets influence variously.

ABSTRACTTitle: Children´s perspective at custody dispute? -A qualitative study of the experiences of Family Law Social workers of whether parents in custody dispute have a children´s perspective or not.Authors: Malin El Fhaily and Marlene HaglundThe purpose of the study was to investigate the experiences of social workers at Family Law about whether parents in custody dispute have a children´s perspective or not. The six respondents have been interviewed with semi-structured questions. They are employed as Family law social workers in one small community and one bigger community in the middle of Sweden. The interviews were conducted in April 2017. In the study, a qualitative content analysis was used to analyze the gathered material. The result showed that the respondents experienced that a lot of the parents in custody dispute tries to have a children´s perspective, but the parents have different opinions of what the best of their child is, and this is the reason a dispute andunpleasantness arises. The result also showed that the respondents experienced that some of the parents in custody dispute have too much focus on their own conflict and not being able to see the best interest of their child. The task for respondents was in this case to get the parents to cooperate and solve their dispute so they could move focus from their conflict to the child, and to get the parents to agree in questions concerning the best of their child. The Family law social workers in the study experienced that their tasks in custody dispute was to visible every child´s best interest for both the parents and the court.Keywords: Children´s perspective, Child´s best, Custody dispute, Family law, Family law social worker. / SAMMANFATTNINGTitel: Barnperspektiv vid vårdnadstvist? -En kvalitativ studie om familjerättssocionomers upplevelser av huruvida föräldrar i vårdnadstvist har barnperspektiv eller inte.Författare: Malin El Fhaily och Marlene HaglundStudien syftade till att undersöka om familjerättssocionomer upplever att föräldrar som är i vårdnadstvist har ett barnperspektiv eller inte. De sex deltagande respondenterna har intervjuats med semistrukturerade frågor. De har anställning som familjerättssocionomer i en mindre kommun och en större kommun i Mellansverige. Intervjuerna genomfördes i april 2017. I studien har kvalitativ innehållsanalys använts för att analysera det insamlade materialet. Resultatet visade att respondenterna upplever att många föräldrar i vårdnadstvist försöker att ha ett barnperspektiv men att föräldrarna har olika uppfattning om vad som är det bästa för barnet. Detta leder till att tvist och samarbetssvårigheter uppstår. Resultatet visade också att respondenterna upplevde att en del föräldrar som är i vårdnadstvist är så uppe i sin egen konflikt att de inte har förmåga till barnperspektiv och att se barnets bästa. Respondenternas uppgift blev då att försöka få föräldrarna att samarbeta och lösa sin tvist så att de kan flytta fokus från sin konflikt till barnet samt att få föräldrarna att enas om vad som är deras gemensamma barns bästa. Familjerättssocionomerna i studien upplevde att deras uppgift i vårdnadstvister blir att synliggöra barnperspektivet och varje barns bästa både inför föräldrarna och tingsrätten.Nyckelord: Barnperspektiv, Barns bästa, Familjerätt, Familjerättssocionom, Vårdnadstvist

Bakgrund: Trots att barn har ett skyddsnät i form av lagar och riktlinjer har vart tionde barn iSverige någon gång upplevt våld i nära relation. Våldet kan ta sig i uttryck på olika sätt, till exempel fysiskt, psykiskt eller sexuellt. Barns utsatthet påverkades av flera olika faktorer blandannat personliga egenskaper, kultur och normer. Syfte: Studiens syfte var att utforska vilka konsekvenser som kan drabba barn som upplever våld inära relation, ur barnens perspektiv.  Metod: Metoden som tillämpades var en litteraturöversikt. Efter systematiska litteratursökningar inkluderades sju vetenskapliga artiklar i studien. Artiklarna kvalitetsgranskades, analyserades ochsammanställdes i kategorier. Resultat: Resultatet presenterades i två kategorier följt av fem subkategorier. I resultatetframgick det hur barn tänker, känner och agerar i våldsamma situationer. Det framgick även vilka konsekvenser våldet kunde föra med sig över tid. Konklusion: Barn uppgav att de vid den omedelbara våldssituationen att de hade flera olika tankar, känslor och beteenden. De kunde känna sig rädda, ledsna och arga. Våldet visade sig även föra med sig andra konsekvenser som utvecklades över tid till exempel emotionell och beteendemässig problematik, samt sämre prestation i skolan. De utvecklade även överlevnadsstrategier. / Background: Even though children have a safety net in the form of laws and regulations, every tenth child in Sweden has at some point experienced intimate partner violence. The violence can manifest itself in various ways, for example physically, mentally, or sexually. Children's vulnerability is affected by several different factors, including personal characteristics, culture,and norms. Aim: The aim of the study was to explore the consequences that can affect children who experience intimate partner violence, from the children's perspective. Method: The method used was a literature review. After several systematic literature searches, seven scientific articles were included in the study. The articles were quality reviewed, analyzedand compiled into categories. Results: The results were presented in two categories followed by five subcategories. The results showed how children think, feel and act in violent situations. It was also clear what consequencesviolence could bring over time. Conclusion: Children stated that in the immediate situation of violence they had several different thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. They felt scared, sad and angry. The violence also turned out tohave other consequences that developed over time, such as emotional and behavioral problems aswell as poorer performance in school. They also developed survival strategies.

Syftet med vår uppsats är att undersöka om bosättningslagens möjligheter och brister, detta genom att undersöka hur yrkesverksamma under lagen upplever sitt arbete. Vi har i studien utgått ifrån ett kommunalt perspektiv i form av en fallstudie där vi studerade en kommun på djupet. Propositionen för bosättningslagen tillkom mitt i flyktingkrisen i slutet av år 2015, detta då regeringen menade att många kommunala verksamheter, exempelvis socialtjänsten, var hårt ansträngda eller stod inför stora prövningar. Propositionen lagstiftades hastigt och många kommuner runt om i landet menade på att det fanns brister och otydligheter gällande lagens riktlinjer. Vi genomförde studien med en kvalitativ metod i form av semistrukturerade intervjuer med anställda inom kommunens sektion som arbetar under lagen. Den teoretiska utgångspunkten i vår studie har varit en kombination av två teorier, Lundquists implementeringsteori gällande begreppen: förstå, kan och vill, som fungerar som en generell teori. Samt Qvists forskning gällande samverkan inom integration. Qvists forskning fungerar som en operativ teori om hur det fungerar i praktiken, och har hjälpt oss se implementeringsteorin kring bosättningslagen ur ett samverkansperspektiv. Vårt empiriska material visade att individerna vi intervjuade menade på att det fanns ett stort tomrum i bosättningslagen i form av riktlinjer av mottaget och introduktionsstödet för en av målgrupperna, ett bristande barnperspektiv, brist på resurser, en bristande samverkan mellan kommun och statlig myndighet, samt att lagen hade ett för stort tolkningsutrymme. Vilket de menade lämnade tolkningen av lagen till kommunerna. Det framkom även att kommunen i studien inte visste vad de ska göra år 2020 då deras första anvisade nyanlända familjer som bosattes år 2016 i kommunen, kommer ha nått max antal år av bosättning enligt lagens bestämmelser. Intervjupersonernas berättelser visade på en vilja inom kommunen då de berättade om vilka möjligheter det fanns i deras arbete, de har inom kommunen själva startat projekt med frivilligorganisationer, för att sammanknyta människor och arbeta utifrån barnets bästa utifrån deras resurser. / The Purpose of our study is to investigate the possibilities and deficits of the law (2016:38) of settlements, this by examining how professionals under the law experience their work. We based the study out of a municipal perspective in the form of a case study where we have studied a municipality in depth. The bill for the law of settlement came into act in the middle of the refugee crisis at the end of 2015, when the government believed that many municipal activities such as the social services, were severely strained or were facing major trials. The bill was swiftly legislated and many municipalities around the country believed that there were deficits and ambiguities regarding the law´s guidelines. In the study, we implemented a qualitative method in the form of semi- structured interviews with employees in the municipal section working under the law. The theoretical starting point in our study has been a combination of two theories, Lundquist´s implementation theory concerning the concepts: understanding, can and will, which functions as a general theory. As well as Qvist´s research on the importance of collaboration between different parts of the government for a more effective integration- process. Qvist´s research serves as an operational theory of how it works in practice and has helped us see the implementation theory around the law of settlement from a collaborative perspective. Our empirical material showed that the individuals we interviewed, meant that there was a large void in the law of settlement in the form of guidelines for the reception and introduction support for one of the two target groups. A lack of children´s perspective, a lack of resources, a lack of cooperation between the municipality and the state authority, and the law had an excessive scope of interpretation, which they believed left the interpretation of the law to the municipality itself. It also emerged that the municipality in the study, did not know what to do in 2020 when their first assigned newly arrived families who settled in the municipality in 2016, will have reached the maximum number of years of residence in accordance with the law´s directions. The interviewees told stories of a desire within the municipality when they talked about the opportunities that existed in their work, within the municipality they have started projects with voluntary organizations to connect people and work based on the best interests of the child according to their resources they have at their disposal.