Alessandro Baricco, escritor italiano contemporâneo, acredita na força da narrativa como forma de resistência aos apelos de uma sociedade que já não consegue trocar experiências, nem ver o essencial, já que vítima de uma espécie de embotamento da palavra e dos sentidos, o que, no limite, está intimamente relacionado ao atual crescente processo de desumanização. Neste estudo procuraremos verificar com que procedimentos o autor investe na reinvenção do narrador, em particular nas obras Novecento e Castelli di rabbia, a fim de revitalizar a arte de narrar. / Alessandro Baricco, a contemporary italian writer, believes in the narratives strenght as a resistences form against the claims of a society which is not able to change experiences neither see the essential, because became victim of a words and sensess lacking. This kind of situation could be deeply related with this growing inhuman process. In this research we are going to analyze the Bariccos procedures, mainly in Novecento and in Castelli di rabbia, with his purpose to rescue the narrative of the art.

(In)audíveis é um uma plataforma teórico-prático, que pensa mecanismos de reflexividade e de produção de uma audiência crítica, nos projetos de arte contemporânea com que se relaciona - como trabalho de minha própria localização diante do estado atual da Arte. Esta tese alinha-se às práticas artísticas de cunho estético-político e a questão documental. A produção teórico-prático desta pesquisa pautase primeiramente nas experiências artísticas dos anos de 1960 e 1970, por estar identificada com a forma de produção e pensamento auto-reflexivo e críticos de seu contexto. A pesquisa aqui apresentada, no entanto, tratará de identificar estes aspectos políticos como documentais hoje, pelo paradigma das práticas discursivas- o problema da espacialização dos discursos na forma fílmica e instalativa (Vídeo-Instalação e Cinema de Exposição). / (In)audibles is a theoretical-practical platform for thinking the mechanisms of reflexivity and of production of a critical audience in the contemporary art projects with which it relates to - as work of my own localization before the present state of Art. This thesis is related to artistic practices of an aesthetic-political bias and to the issue of documentation. The theoretical-practical production of this thesis is grounded first on the artistic experiments of the 1960\'s and 1970\'s, because they are identified with the kind of production and selfreflexive and critical thought of such context. The research here presented, however, will seek to identify such political aspects as documental aspects of the present day, by means of the paradigm of discursive practices- the problem of discourse spatialization in the filmic and installation forms (Video Installation and Exhibition Cinema).

Parte, um exercício de reflexão, consiste no processo de produção dos trabalhos \"Corte\", Desenho, Ânima e Falta, este último tendo sido desenvolvido como um objeto materialmente inserido no corpo da tese. Parte surgiu pari passu com os próprios trabalhos, daí resultando, nesta tese, a presença entrelaçada de preocupações práticas e conceituais. / Parte, an experiment in reflection, consists in the process of production of the art works \"Corte\", Desenho, Ânima and Falta, this last one having been developed as an object materially embedded in the corpus of this dissertation. Parte has emerged pari passu with the works themselves, hence the intertwining of practical and conceptual concerns in this dissertation.

O intento deste trabalho é investigar e comparar processos composicionais utilizados na música brasileira contemporânea no final do século XX. O período de recorte, de 1980 até 2000, foi escolhido por se situar após a dissolução da principal oposição ideológica vivida no século passado, a querela nacionalismo versus vanguarda. Como objeto de estudo, foram tomadas três peças de compositores atuais das mais variadas tendências: Ginga (1994), de Marisa Rezende - para flauta, clarineta, fagote, violoncelo, trombone, contrabaixo e piano; Diálogos (1988), de Rodolfo Coelho de Souza - para marimba e vibrafone; e Dramatic Polimaniquexixe ou \"Quinto movimento para uma suíte implacavelmente longa e erótica\" (1985), de Jorge Antunes - para clarinete, violoncelo e piano. Tais obras possuem como denominador comum o uso de materiais musicais relacionados à cultura nacional. Assim, o foco da pesquisa incide sobre dois pontos: os principais processos composicionais utilizados e as maneiras escolhidas para trabalhar os elementos culturais brasileiros na construção das partituras. Conclui-se que novas formas de expressão e concepção da identidade cultural brasileira na música estão se desenvolvendo e se articulando nos dias de hoje. / The purpose of this work is to investigate and compare compositional processes used in the contemporary Brazilian music in the late twentieth century. The selected period, from 1980 to 2000, was chosen since it was situated after the dissolution of the main ideological opposition experienced in the last century, the disagreement between nationalism and vanguard. As object of the study, three musical works by composers of various current trends were taken: Ginga (1994), by Marisa Rezende - for flute, clarinet, bassoon, violoncello, trombone, contrabass and piano; Diálogos (1988), by Rodolfo Coelho de Souza - for marimba and vibraphone; and Dramatic Polimaniquexixe or \"Quinto movimento para uma suíte implacavelmente longa e erótica\" (1985), by Jorge Antunes - for clarinet, violoncello and piano. Such compositions have as a common denominator the use of musical materials related to the national culture. Thus, the aim of the research focuses on two points: the main compositional processes used and the ways chosen to work the Brazilian cultural elements in the construction of the scores. It follows that new forms of expression and conception of the Brazilian cultural identity in music are being developed and articulated nowadays.

Em um contexto literário contemporâneo atravessado pela escrita de si, este trabalho buscou estudar a obra Um romance russo, de Emmanuel Carrère, à luz das propostas da autobiografia e da autoficção, esta última uma expressão que convoca diferentes definições e justificativas. Para isso debruçou-se sobre a construção do narrador-protagonista, que declara ter como objetivo contar a história de seu avô para romper o silêncio em torno dela, imposto por sua mãe, e, assim, enterrar o fantasma desse homem que continuaria assombrando seus descendentes com sua personalidade amarga. Observamos que o narrador, identificado ao autor, faz uso da metonímia em diferentes instâncias da obra: alinhava narrativas menores que remetem ao mesmo tema, apresenta personagens femininas que remetem à figura materna e o próprio protagonista se constrói em espelhamento com o personagem do avô. Tal recurso, somado a duas narrativas que se entrelaçam, organizando o texto de Um romance russo, age como argumentação em favor de seu objetivo, justificando a necessidade de romper com a proibição da mãe e publicar este livro. Pela responsabilidade implicada na reabilitação da figura do avô, seguindo os moldes do que o crítico Dominique Viart propõe para o récit de filiation, e pela performatividade que objetiva, além das referências sem ambiguidade em seu texto, Carrère estabelece um pacto autobiográfico, como estudado por Philippe Lejeune, que é essencial para a leitura de Um romance russo. Acreditamos que, embora o gênero moderno da autobiografia não se aplique nem a esta, nem a obras anteriores do mesmo autor, um autobiográfico percorre todas elas, recusando as possibilidades de pacto romanesco com que joga a autoficção; ainda, identificam-se em sua produção elementos como o uso comentado da psicanálise, incursões ficcionais demarcadas no texto, estruturas fragmentárias e hibridismo de formas que situam Carrère no debate contemporâneo. / In a contemporary literary context shot through with the notion of writing oneself, this thesis seeks to study the work My Life as a Russian Novel, by Emmanuel Carrère, in light of the proposals put forth by both autobiography and autofiction, the latter evoking a variety of definitions and justifications. As such, the work examines the construction of the narrator/protagonist, who states that his aim is to tell the story of his grandfather in order to break the silence around it imposed by his mother and thus put to rest the ghost of a bitter man left haunting his descendants. We observe that the narrator, identified with the author, turns to metonymy at several points in the work: he lines up several minor narratives that speak to the same theme and presents female characters that evoke his mother, while the protagonist constructs himself as a mirror image of the character of his grandfather. This tack, alongside the two interlocking narratives that structure My Life as a Russian Novel, serves as ammunition towards his ultimate goal: justifying the need to break his mothers ban and publish this book. In terms of the responsibility implied in the rehabilitation of the figure of his grandfather in keeping with the structure that critic Dominique Viart proposes for the récit de filiation and in terms of the performativity he crafts, in addition to the unambiguous references in his text, Carrère establishes an autobiographical pact, as studied by Philippe Lejeune, which is essential for the reading of My Life as a Russian Novel. We believe that, although the autobiography as a modern genre does not apply to this or other works by the author, a thread of autobiography runs through all of them, rejecting the openings towards a novelesque pact that autofiction plays with; moreover, one may identify such elements in his oeuvre as the commented usage of psychoanalysis, fictional incursions clearly demarcated in the text, fragmentary structures, and a hybridity of form that situate Carrère within the contemporary debate on the topic.

Le présent travail a pour objet une description croisée de la maladie chronique en prenant l'exemple du diabète de type 2. Ce dernier est d'abord saisi par des approches médicales en lien avec l'épidémiologie, la santé publique, le politique et l'économique nommés ici « univers médicaux ». Ces univers médicaux sont l'apanage d'une idéologie néolibérale qui pense l'individu comme rationnel. Il est ensuite appréhendé par les « univers du malade » à partir de témoignages de personnes diabétiques, reflets de la « vraie vie » avec la maladie dans sa dimension sociale. Le diabète de type 2, emblème de la maladie chronique, est une maladie de civilisation, du mode vie, qui atteint les individus dans des dimensions multiples, notamment l'univers du quotidien, comme la sphère domestique ou l'alimentation. Vivre avec la maladie chronique est une épreuve ordinaire qui conjugue autocontrôle et réflexivité, et qui lie malades et soignants de façon répétée et prolongée, mettant en question les rôles de chacun tels que les a définis Parsons dans sa théorie fonctionnaliste. Pour les malades, ces interactions sont autant d'inscriptions dans le social ; elles montrent en quoi le travail de santé est une inscription sociale importante, particulièrement pendant la période de la retraite. Cette confrontation de deux univers permet de mieux comprendre la maladie chronique, décrite comme le visage contemporain de la maladie. Le malade chronique peut être vu comme une figure avancée de l'individu contemporain. Ce travail ouvre des perspectives pour penser une logique du soin, faisant écho aux théories du care. / The aim of this study is to describe chronic illness using the example of type 2 diabetes. Firstly, diabetes is comprehended by a medical approach in connection with epidemiology, public health, politics and economy, here referred to as « medical worlds ». These medical worlds belong to the neoliberal ideology which defines the individual as rational. Then, diabetes is perceived by testimonies given by diabetic people, reflecting « real life » with the illness in its social dimension, here referred to as « patient worlds ». Type 2 diabetes, emblem of a chronic condition, is a disease of civilization, of a way of life, which affects individuals in multiple dimensions of their every day life, such as the domestic sphere and food habits. Living with a chronic condition is a common hardship which associates auto control and reflexivity, and which puts in contact patients and medical actors in a repetitive and prolonged manner. This questions the roles of each as defined in Parsons's functionalist theory. For the patients, these interactions are part of the social world; they show how care working is an important concern, particularly during the retirement period. The confrontation of these two worlds help to understand chronic illness, described as the contemporary face of illness. The chronically ill individual allows to make the hypothesis that he is an advanced figure of the contemporary individual. This work outlines a care logic, which is close to care theories.

Cette étude porte sur la littérature italienne et sur le rapport qu’elle entretient aujourd’hui avec les nouveaux médias, surtout l’Internet. Notre analyse se concentre sur le collectif Wu Ming qui, en recourant à l’écriture collective, à l’anonymat, au copyleft et à l’utilisation des nouvelles technologies comme moyens de diffusion et de création de ses œuvres, représente un projet novateur dans le panorama littéraire contemporain. En effet, les changements introduits par Wu Ming ne touchent pas seulement le rôle et le statut de l’auteur mais ont également un impact sur la nature de l’œuvre et du texte.Grâce à Wu Ming, les histoires sont libérées du lien de la propriété privée et les récits échappent en partie à la logique commerciale pour entrer dans une réalité où le travail culturel peut être librement diffusé. À travers ce processus de diffusion et de socialisation du savoir, les membres du collectif revendiquent une approche de l’écriture qui vise l’instauration d’une République démocratique des lecteurs où les histoires, influencées par plusieurs sensibilités, se développent, se construisent, se reconstruisent et changent de cap. L’emploi des nouvelles technologies joue un rôle central dans cette démocratisation. L’Internet devient un lieu de rencontre, de conflit et de partage où le texte littéraire se déploie en soulevant des questionnements d’ordre sémiotique et ontologique. Est-il vraiment possible de parler d’une démocratisation de l’acte narratif, de la fin de l’auteur et de la désacralisation de l’œuvre ? Dans ce travail, notre but est de comprendre si la démarche de Wu Ming répond à une simple posture intellectualisante, voire à une stratégie marketing, ou si elle met véritablement en place un nouveau paradigme expressif en créant un réel espace de participation démocratique. / Abstract:The present study focuses on Italian literature and its relationship with today’s new media, especially with the Internet. Our analysis concerns the collective Wu Ming which, through the use of collective writing, anonymity, copyleft and new technologies as means of dissemination and creation of his works, represents an innovative project in the contemporary literary panorama. Indeed, the changes introduced by Wu Ming do not only affect the role and status of the author but also have an impact on the nature of the text.Thanks to Wu Ming, stories are freed from the bonds of private property and partly escape the commercial logic to enter a reality where cultural work can be freely disseminated. Through this process of diffusion and socialization of knowledge, members of the collective claim an approach to writing that aims at the establishment of a democratic Republic of the reader, where the stories are influenced by several sensibilities and thus they are constructed, develop, rebuild and change course. The use of new technologies plays a central role in such a democratisation. The Internet becomes a place of encounter, conflict and sharing, where the literary text unfolds by raising semiotic and ontological questions. Is it really possible to speak of a democratization of the narrative act, the end of the author and the desecration of the text? Throughout our work, the goal is to understand if Wu Ming's approach responds to a simple intellectualizing stance -or even a marketing strategy- or if it actually sets up a new expressive paradigm, by creating a real space for democratic participation.

Cette thèse analyse la question des usages politiques du passé en France depuis les années 1990 jusqu’à nos jours. Cette problématique est traitée au niveau de trois sphères aux relations mutuelles interactives : la politique, l’histoire et la mémoire. La partie introductive comprend une interprétation des plus importantes conceptions françaises de la mémoire (Halbwachs, Nora, Ricœur). Trois parties étudient ensuite successivement les interactions entre politique et histoire (à partir de ce que l’on nomme les « lois mémorielles » et la réaction qu’elles provoquent de la part des historiens), les relations entre mémoire et politique (à partir de l’analyse des usages de la mémoire dans les discours des présidents de la République) et l’influence mutuelle de l’histoire et de la mémoire (en suivant l’évolution de l’historiographie de la période contemporaine). / The PhD. thesis analyzes the triangle of mutual influences between politics, history and memory. The introduction brings interpretations of the most important French concepts of memory (Halbwachs, Nora, Ricœur). The content is divided into three chapters, analyzing the mutual interactions of politics and history (so-called „memory laws“ and reactions of historians), influences between memory and politics (uses of memory in presidential speeches), and mutual effects between history and memory (development of French historiography of contemporary history).

[pt] Lugar da contingência radical da arte, nos anos 1960 e 1970, tal como proposta pelas obras do francês Yves Klein, do norte- americano Andy Warhol e do alemão Joseph Beuys, o lugar-melancolia dimensiona a crise contemporânea da substância poética a partir da iminente saturação pública da arte. Por que agir quando toda ação é absorvida homogênea e acriticamente? Como se portar diante de uma realidade aparentemente refratária a qualquer valor? Destituídas da realidade da obra como espaço íntegro da possibilidade de ação e conhecimento, tais subjetividades artísticas fragmentárias apontam, segundo nossa hipótese, novas coordenadas para a capacidade produtiva do homem. Klein, Warhol e Beuys elaboram personas artísticas públicas a fim de circular com desenvoltura no iminente contexto cultural aberto, crescentemente dominado por formas de cultura de massa. Esses artistas se identificam com certas categorias artísticas, mas propõem a revitalização da arte a partir do ponto de indiferença entre potência e não-potência poética - condição precípua do dar forma ao mundo e, conseqüentemente, a nós mesmos. / [en] A place of radical contingency in art in the 1960s and 1970s, as proposed by the works of Frenchman Yves Klein, American Andy Warhol and German Joseph Beuys, the place of melancholia gives a dimension to the contemporary crisis concerning the poetic substance in view of the imminent public saturation of art. What is the point of taking action when all action is absorbed both homogeneously and acritically? How should one behave when faced with a reality which would appear resistant to any value? Bereft of the reality of the artwork as an unmarred space for the possibility of action and knowledge, we propose that these fragmentary artistic subjectivities set a new route for man´s productive capacity. Klein, Warhol and Beuys developed public art personae to circulate freely in the impending context of open culture that was increasingly dominated by forms of mass culture. Though they are identified with certain artistic categories, these artists set out to revitalize art from the point of indistinction between poetic potency and non-potency - an essential precondition for shaping the world, and therefore, for shaping ourselves.

Orientador: Francisco Hashimoto / Banca: Manoel Antonio dos Santos / Banca: Walter José Martins Migliorini / Banca: Maria Luisa Louro de Castro Valente / Banca: Catarina Satiko Tanaka / Resumo: Este trabalho objetivou refletir a respeito e compreender a função paterna e suas configurações, no mundo contemporâneo, tendo como foco a discussão da função paterna no processo de desenvolvimento e estruturação psíquica do indivíduo e suas configurações, na contemporaneidade. O método adotado para o desenvolvimento deste trabalho foi o psicanalítico. Partimos, assim, da Psicanálise, enquanto fonte teórica, para a construção do conhecimento em nossa pesquisa de caráter teórico-reflexiva. Com base na teoria psicanalítica, de suas proposições sobre o processo de estruturação psíquica do indivíduo, das ressonâncias destes na estruturação dos laços sociais e das discussões desenvolvidas por psicanalistas, na contemporaneidade, sobre a função paterna e suas configurações, construímos o referencial teórico desta pesquisa, em que o estudo dos mitos de Narciso, Édipo e Eros e Psique, em uma perspectiva que remonta ao desenvolvimento psíquico proposto pela Psicanálise, foram tomados como instrumentos de análise e fontes de reflexão. Primeiramente, desenvolvemos uma discussão sobre o pai e a psicanálise, passando pela questão do pai, na Horda Primeva, pela função do pai em psicanálise e pela função paterna no processo de estruturação psíquica, na qual adotamos como referência as três estruturas de personalidade evidenciadas por Freud, em sua obra: neurose, psicose e perversão, além da função paterna e da estruturação dos laços sociais. Em seguida, realizamos a análise das narrativas mitológicas de Narciso, Édipo Rei e Eros e Psique, sob o olhar da psicanálise e da mitologia... (resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: This study aimed to reflect and understand on the father function and its settings in the contemporary world, focusing discussion on the paternal function in the development process and psychic structure of the individual and their settings nowadays. The method adopted for the development of this work was psychoanalytic.We started of psychoanalysis, while theoretical source for the construction of knowledge in our research of a theoretical-reflexive character. From the psychoanalytic theory, of its propositions about the process of psychic structure of the individual, the resonances of these on the structure of social ties and of the discussions developed by psychoanalysts in contemporary period about the paternal function and its settings, we construct the theoretical of this work, that the study of the myths of Narcissus, Oedipus and Eros and Psyche, in a perspective that goes back to the psychic development proposed by psychoanalysis, were taken as analytical tools and sources of reflection.First we develop a discussion of the father and psychoanalysis, through the issue of the father in the primal horde, the function of the father in psychoanalysis and the paternal function in the process of psychic structure in which we take as reference the three personality structures evidenced by Freud in his work: neurosis, psychosis and perversion and more about the paternal function and structure of social ties. Then, we analyze the mythological narratives of Narcissus, Oedipus and Eros and Psyche from the perspective of psychoanalysis and mythology rising from them reflections about the contemporary and its settings, starting from... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor