Submitted by Marcia Silva (marcia@latec.uff.br) on 2016-05-02T20:52:31Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert Leonardo Esteves Natal.pdf: 2434506 bytes, checksum: 5e72db2f9b54811b6485ff0c0677a05d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-02T20:52:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert Leonardo Esteves Natal.pdf: 2434506 bytes, checksum: 5e72db2f9b54811b6485ff0c0677a05d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-11-24 / O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficácia e exequibilidade na aplicação de um protocolo de treinamento teórico-prático de ergonomia específico para os Cirurgiões-Dentistas (CD) na profilaxia de LER/DORT, devido à alta prevalência de dor musculoesquelética na prática clínica odontológica. Para tanto, foi tomada uma amostra de 91 Cirurgiões-Dentistas formada por duas Instituições de Ensino de Odontologia situadas no Estado do Rio de Janeiro, a saber, a Universidade Federal Fluminense, Campus do Valonguinho e a Universo, Campus Niterói entre os meses de Abril e Outubro de 2015. Testes de hipóteses de inferência estatística foram realizados sobre as diferenças entre médias para amostras independentes, bem como testes de diferenças entre médias para amostras relacionadas. Os dados foram obtidos através da utilização de um questionário de percepção de regiões corporais dolorosas (Diagrama de Corlett), antes e após sessenta dias, para avaliação de sua eficácia. Os resultados estatísticos foram significativos na correlação entre a redução de dor musculoesquelética entre Cirurgiões-Dentistas com relação a dois fatores avaliados; a presença de auxiliar odontológico e o conhecimento adquirido sobre pausa e micro-pausas na prática clínica odontológica. A aplicação do protocolo mostrou-se eficaz na redução de dor musculoesquelética após sessenta dias. / The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and feasibility of applying a theoretical and practical training protocol specific ergonomics for Dentists (CD) in the prevention of MSD due to the high prevalence of musculoskeletal pain in the dental practice. To that end, we take a sample of 91 Dentists formed by two dental education institutions located in the state of Rio de Janeiro, namely, the Federal Fluminense University, Campus Valonguinho and the Universe, Campus Niterói between the months of April and October 2015 Testing hypotheses of statistical inference were carried out on the differences between means for independent samples and tests of differences between means for related samples. Data were obtained using a questionnaire of perception of painful body regions (Diagram Corlett) before and after sixty days, to evaluate its effectiveness. Statistical results were significant in the correlation between the reduction of musculoskeletal pain among Dentists in relation to two factors evaluated; the presence of dental assisting and knowledge acquired on break and micro-breaks in the dental practice. The application of the Protocol was effective in reducing musculoskeletal pain after sixty days

Submitted by Fabiana Gonçalves Pinto (benf@ndc.uff.br) on 2016-10-19T16:38:30Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Fabiola Chaves Fernandes.pdf: 2730839 bytes, checksum: 872dea61b78bd3c0c9f0a417967fb354 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-19T16:38:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Fabiola Chaves Fernandes.pdf: 2730839 bytes, checksum: 872dea61b78bd3c0c9f0a417967fb354 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 / Mestrado Profissional Ensino na Saúde / O presente trabalho tem como objeto de estudo a educação permanente como estratégia de reorganização do processo de trabalho, no serviço de emergência de um pronto socorro. Seu objetivo geral foi utilizar a educação permanente como reorganizadora do processo de trabalho no serviço de emergência de um pronto socorro tendo como objetivos específicos: Identificar as dificuldades dos funcionários do pronto socorro no seu processo de trabalho quanto ao encaminhamento de usuários ao serviço de emergência odontológica; Descrever a compreensão dos funcionários acerca do papel do odontólogo no serviço de emergência; Analisar estratégias ou formas de colaboração para atingir a integralidade da assistência e; Elaborar produtos que colaborem na educação permanente dos funcionários envolvidos no atendimento ao paciente, de acordo com a legislação específica, em prol da integridade da assistência. A metodologia utilizada foi a pesquisa convergente assistencial, tipo de pesquisa-ação na qual o pesquisador está envolvido em ações de assistência enquanto pesquisa. O cenário da pesquisa foi o setor de emergência de um pronto socorro localizado em São Gonçalo, cidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. A pesquisa contou com três etapas e os instrumentos de coleta de dados utilizados foram: Na primeira etapa, observação participante, na segunda etapa, questionário semi-estruturado e na terceira etapa, grupos educativos; Na primeira etapa, foi construído um fluxo de encaminhamento ao setor de emergência odontológica. Na segunda etapa, construíram-se quatro categorias, após análise de conteúdo de Bardin. São elas: 1) O modelo biomédico ainda refletido no pensar e no agir, evidenciado, diante da análise das respostas, que parte dos funcionários não compreenderem trabalho em equipe multidisciplinar e ainda fazerem alusão ao modelo biomédico; 2) A odontologia do dente por dente: Código de Hamurabi e Tiradentes, revelando que a maioria dos trabalhadores atribui significado bucal ao atendimento odontológico; 3) O que estou fazendo aqui? Construindo a identidade do odontólogo. Demonstrou-se que muitos dos participantes não compreendem o papel do dentista no processo de trabalho em emergência, ao atribuírem significado fora do contexto odontológico a ele, ou mesmo não responderem admitindo não sabê-lo; 4) Construindo pontes para a integralidade, apontando que poucos participantes compreendem os conceitos da EP e sua capacidade de transformar as situações problemas no cotidiano de sua vida profissional. Na terceira etapa, os participantes foram convidados aos grupos educativos, local de diálogo, reflexão e elaboração de hipóteses de soluções, seguindo a proposta da metodologia da problematização. Nesses grupos, discutiu-se a legislação acerca do serviço de emergência, refletiu-se sobre as dificuldades em cumpri-la no serviço e construiu-se o rol de procedimentos eleitos como de urgência /emergência no pronto socorro. Concluiu-se que pouco conhecimento se tinha acerca da legislação vigente sobre o assunto e que o desconhecimento do sentido pleno de educação permanente limitava às tomadas de decisões. Porém, as soluções encontradas pelo grupo, mesmo que este não tenha se constituído uniformemente ao longo dos encontros, foram um somatório de experiências reunidas, o que proporcionou o que Agostinho chama de sabedoria à pesquisa convergente assistencial, de despertar do pensamento crítico e à política nacional de educação permanente em saúde de empoderamento. / The object of study of this paper is the continuing education as a strategy to reorganize the work process in the emergency room at emergency department. The general aims of this study was to use the permanent education as a strategy to reorganize the work process in the emergency room at emergency department. The specifics aims were: to identify the difficulties faced by the staff workers of the emergency settings related to the process of guiding patients to the emergency dental service ; to describe the understanding of the staff workers about the dentist's role in na emergency service; to analyze strategies or manners of collaboration for achieving comprehensive care and; to develop products that can collaborate in continuing education of staff workers involved in patient care, according to the specific laws related to the intregrity of care. The methodology used was the the kind of research which the researcher get involved in the assistance activities while observe. The setting of the study was the emergency department of an emergency room located in Sao Goncalo, State of Rio de Janeiro city. It had three stages and the data collection instruments used were: the first stage was a participatory observation, the second stage was a semi-structured questionnaire and the third stage was na educational focal groups. In the first stage was built a forwarded flow to the dental emergency section. On the second stage, after analysis of contente according to Bardin, it was built four following classes: 1) The biomedical model still reflected on the thinking and action, evidenced on the analysis of the responses, which the employees do not understand working in a multidisciplinary team and also mentioned the biomedical model; 2) Tooth for a tooth: The Code of Hammurabi and Tiradentes, revealing that most workers assign meaning to oral dental care; 3) What am I doing here? Building the identity of the dentist. The study reveals that many of the participants do not understand the dentist's role in emergency work process and they do not respond admitting not knowing it when asked for assign a meaning outside the dental contexto.4) Building up bridges for completeness, noting that few participants understood the concepts of the continuing education and its ability to transform problems situations in their daily professional life. In the third stage, the participants were invited to educational groups, opened for dialogue, reflection and solutions, following the proposal of the problematization methodology. Theese groups discussed the legislations about emergency service, reflected on the difficulties of fulfilling the laws during work and, built up the list of procedures elected as urgent / emergency in the emergency room. In conclusion that little knowledge about the current legislation on the topic and the lack of the full understanding about continuing education can limit the process of decision making. However, the solutions found by the group were a combination and summation of gathered experiences which provided what Augustine calls wisdom of convergent care research awakening the critical thinking and politics national continuing education in health empowerment.

Magister Commercii - MCom / This study aimed to understand the readiness and perceptions of Electronic Health Record (EHR) adoption among dentists in the public service of the Western Cape. A qualitative study design was chosen due to a lack of understanding of the phenomena. Additionally, the research sought to identify the factors that would potentially influence readiness and perceptions in order to identify how these factors could potentially influence EHR adoption among dentists.

Objetivo: Determinar las diferencias entre conocimiento, percepción y actitudes de las medidas de prevención frente a la COVID-19 entre odontólogos de distintos distritos de Lima, Perú durante el mes de septiembre del 2020. Métodos: El tamaño de muestra fue un total de 117 odontólogos pertenecientes a los distritos de mayor número de contagiados y 125 de los distritos de menor número de contagiados. Estos distritos de ambos extremos se basaron en las tasas de contagio que presentaron en agosto del 2020 según el Ministerio de Salud. Se utilizó un cuestionario como instrumento que constó de 33 preguntas cerradas de opción múltiple y se distribuyó vía redes sociales. Para el análisis univariado, se obtuvo la estadística descriptiva donde se calcularon las medidas de frecuencia absoluta y relativa para las variables dependientes, independientes y covariables. Para el análisis bivariado, se realizó la comparación entre las variables conocimiento, percepción y actitudes con los odontólogos de los distritos con mayor y menor número de contagiados mediante la prueba Chi-cuadrado. Resultados: Los odontólogos de los distritos de mayor número de contagiados presentan mayores conocimientos sobre los principales síntomas, vías de transmisión y medidas de prevención frente a la COVID-19 a comparación de los odontólogos de los distritos de menor número de contagiados. Además, los de mayor número de contagiados perciben a la COVID-19 como muy peligroso, mientras que los de menor número de contagiados lo perciben moderadamente peligroso y muy peligroso en proporciones iguales. Por último, con respecto a la actitud, los de mayor número de contagiados no atienden a un paciente sospechoso y lo derivan a un centro de salud, mientras que los de menor número de contagiados sí los atienden y los derivan a un centro de salud. Conclusión: Finalmente, sí se encontraron diferencias entre conocimientos, percepción y actitudes de las medidas de prevención relacionadas al COVID-19 entre los odontólogos de los distintos distritos de Lima, Perú de mayor y menor número de contagiados. / Objective: To determine differences between knowledge, perception and attitudes of prevention measures related to COVID-19 among dentists in the different districts of Lima, Peru with the highest and lowest number of infected people. Methods: The sample size was a total of 117 dentists belonging to the districts with the highest number of infected and 125 from the districts with the lowest number of infected. Those districts of both extremes were based on the contagion rates that they presented in August 2020 according to the Ministry of Health. A questionnaire was used as an instrument that consisted of 33 closed multiple-choice questions and was distributed via social networks. For the univariate analysis, the descriptive statistics were obtained where the absolute and relative frequency measures were calculated for the dependent, independent and covariate variables. For the bivariate analysis, a comparison was made between the variables of knowledge, perception, and attitudes with the dentists of the districts with the highest and lowest number of infected using the Chi-square test. Results: The dentists of the districts with the highest number of infected have greater knowledge about the main symptoms, transmission routes and prevention measures against COVID-19 compared to the dentists of the districts with the lowest number of infected. In addition, those with the highest number of infected perceive COVID-19 as very dangerous, while those with the least number of infected perceive it as moderately dangerous and very dangerous in equal proportions. Finally, regarding attitude, those with the highest number of infected do not care for a suspicious patient and refer them to a health center, while those with the least number of infected do care and refer them to a health center. Conclusion: Finally, differences were found between knowledge, perception and attitudes of the prevention measures related to COVID-19 among the dentists of the different districts of Lima, Peru with the highest and lowest number of infected. / Tesis

Résumé Contexte : À partir de la mi-mars 2020, la plupart des dentistes en pratique libérale se sont retrouvés sans emploi étant donné le confinement imposé par le département de la santé publique du Québec en raison de la COVID-19. La pandémie a induit de multiples changements ayant pu affecter la santé psychologique des dentistes québécois. Objectif: Évaluer l’état de la santé psychologique des dentistes québécois dans le contexte de la pandémie de la COVID-19 lors du déconfinement à l’été 2020. Méthodes: Le 10 juin 2020, suite à la réouverture des cliniques dentaires après l’état d’urgence sanitaire, un sondage en ligne a été envoyé par courriel aux 5001 dentistes possédant un permis de pratique au Québec. L’Association des chirurgiens-dentistes du Québec (ACDQ), l’Ordre des dentistes du Québec (ODQ) et la Fédération des dentistes spécialistes du Québec (FDSQ) ont participé au recrutement des participants. Le statut du travail et les données sociodémographiques ont été recueillis et la santé psychologique évaluée. L’évaluation de la santé psychologique comprenait trois outils de mesures validés : l’échelle de symptômes dépressifs Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), l’échelle d’épuisement personnel, professionnel et relié au patient Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) et l’échelle de détresse psychologique Kessler-10 (K-10). La prévalence d’idéations suicidaires et de tentative de suicide a également été documentée. Les données ont été analysées en utilisant des tests statistiques bivariés et des analyses multivariées de régression logistique. Résultats: Le taux de réponse était de 18% (n=902) avec 835 répondants qui ont fourni complètement les données psychologiques inclues dans les analyses. Une prévalence élevée a été observée pour l’épuisement d’intensité modérée à sévère sur le plan personnel (49.7%, 95%CI=46.3-53.1), sur le plan professionnel (48.4%, 95%CI=44.9-51.8) et lié au patient (37.5%, 95%CI=34.2-40.9). Des symptômes dépressifs d’un niveau moyen à sévère ont été répertoriés chez 23.4% (95%CI=20.5-26.4) des participants et 39.5% (95%CI=36.2-42.9) des participants présentaient un niveau modéré à sévère de détresse psychologique. Les participants percevaient leur santé psychologique comme étant détériorée après le début de la pandémie comparativement à avant la pandémique (p<0.001). Des idéations suicidaires passées ont été relevées par 12.9% (95%CI=10.7-15.4) des participants, dont 1.7% (95%CI=0.9-2.8) qui rapportaient au moins une tentative de suicide. Être une femme était significativement associé au burnout personnel (aOR=1.90, p≤0.001), au burnout professionnel (aOR=1.56, p≤0.01) et à la détresse psychologique (aOR=1.47, p≤0.05). Les dentistes plus âgés (≥ 45 ans) étaient plus susceptibles d’avoir des idéations suicidaires dans les deux dernières semaines (OR= 1.57, p=0.055) comparativement aux dentistes moins âgés. Les dentistes vivant seuls ou étant propriétaires de clinique étaient significativement plus à risque de développer des idéations suicidaires dans les deux dernières semaines (aOR=2.52, p≤0.01, et aOR=2.09, p≤0.01, respectivement) et démontraient plus de troubles de santé psychologique. Faire de l’exercice régulièrement, minimiser la consommation d’alcool, un nombre augmenté d’heures de sommeil et un nombre augmenté de semaines de vacances étaient des marqueurs protecteurs contre un niveau modéré à sévère de troubles psychologiques pendant la pandémie de la COVID-19. L’anxiété d’attraper ou transmettre la COVID-19 aux patients ou les membres de la famille était positivement associée avec le burnout. Les trois stratégies de coping les plus populaires étaient les interactions sociales, le sport et l’écoute de la musique. Conclusion: La santé psychologique des dentistes québécois présente plusieurs défis dans le contexte de la pandémie de la COVID-19. Il y a un besoin urgent d’apporter un soutien psychologique aux dentistes québécois. / Abstract Context: Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, as of mid-March 2020, most Quebec dentists in private practice found themselves unemployed due to the confinement imposed by the Quebec public health department. The psychological health of Quebec dentists was challenged because of several sudden changes in their daily lives. Objectives: To assess the state of the psychological health of Quebec dentists in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic during the summer of 2020. Methods: An online questionnaire was sent to the 5001 licensed dentists in the province of Quebec, Canada on June 10, 2020. Working status, psychological health assessment, and sociodemographic data were evaluated. The validated psychological health measurement tools included the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) to evaluate depression, Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) to measure burnout, and Kessler-10 scale (K-10) to evaluate psychological distress. Suicidal ideation and past suicidal attempts were also assessed. Data were analyzed using bivariate statistical tests and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: The response rate was 18% (n=902) with 835 participants providing complete data sets for psychological outcomes included in the analysis. Prevalence of moderate to severe level of personal (49.7%, 95%CI=46.3-53.1), professional (48.4%, 95%CI=44.9-51.8), and patient-related (37.5%, 95%CI=34.2-40.9) burnout was high. Moderate to severe depressive symptoms were found in 23.4% (95%CI=20.5-26.4) of participants and 39.5% (95%CI=36.2-42.9) had moderate to severe psychological distress. Participants perceived their psychological health as worse after the beginning of the pandemic compared to before the pandemic (p<0.001). Past suicidal ideation was reported by 12.9% (95%CI=10.7-15.4) of participants with 1.7% (95%CI=0.9-2.8) reporting at least one suicide attempt. Being a woman was significantly associated with personal burnout (aOR=1.90, p≤0.001), professional burnout (aOR=1.56, p≤0.01) and psychological distress (aOR=1.47, p≤0.05). Older dentists (≥ 45 years old) were more prone to have suicidal ideation over the past two weeks (OR= 1.57, p=0.055) compared to their younger counterparts. Dentists living alone and dental clinic owners were significantly more at risk to develop suicidal ideation over the last two weeks (aOR=2.52, p≤0.01, and aOR=2.09, p≤0.01, respectively) and had worst psychological outcomes. Regular physical exercise, minimizing alcohol consumption, an increased number of sleeping hours and an increased number of vacation weeks per year were found to be significant protective markers against moderate to severe psychological outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic. Anxiety of getting or transmitting the COVID-19 virus to patients or family members was positively associated with burnout. The three most popular coping strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic were social interactions, sports, and listening to music. Conclusion: Psychological health among Quebec dentists presents several challenges in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. There is an urgent need to provide psychological support to dentists.

Epiteloidcellig granulomatos (ECG) är en patologanatomisk diagnos (PAD) av en inflammationstyp som kan ses i orala vävnadsbiopsier. Inflammationsbilden visar infiltrat av inflammationsceller och epiteloidcelliga granulom med eller utan jätteceller, därtill kan ödematös vävnad och fibros presenteras. Makroskopiskt ses en symtombild med t ex läpp- och ansiktssvullnad, munvinkelragader och gingivala hyperplasier. Klinisk ställs exklusionsdiagnosen orofacial granulomatos (OFG). Etiologin är multifaktoriell och kan ses vid exempelvis Crohns sjukdom (CS) och sarkoidos. På Avdelning för Oral Patologi, Malmö Tandvårdshögskola, sker PAD av biopsier som vid ECG diagnoskodas med 995, vilket tilldelats 152 remissfall. Metoden utgörs av en retrospektiv uppföljning av dessa remisser med syfte att undersöka etiologin, utfört remitteringshandhavande, samt för att få en uppfattning om den orala biopsin bidragit till eventuell systemisk sjukdomsdiagnos och huruvida återkoppling mellan remissinstanserna förekommit. Vidare undersöktes om ett eventuellt samarbete mellan tandläkare och läkare praktiserats.Antalet deltagande vårdgivare i studien visar på ett intresse för ECG och dess etiologi. Misstänkt etiologi var i de flesta fall CS vilket stämde överens med ställd diagnos. Remitteringshandhavandet visade i vissa fall på bristande återkoppling mellan inkluderade vårdinstanser och vårdgivare samt avsaknad av förutbestämda remitteringsvägar. Andra remissfall visade väl fungerande samarbete mellan vårdyrken och instanser samt att den orala biopsin i vissa fall bidragit till ställd systemisk sjukdomsdiagnos. Författarna önskar att studien i förlängningen ska kunna bidra till väl fungerande kommunikation mellan berörda vårdgivare med förhoppning om snabbare handhavande, säkrare patienthantering med tidigare ställd diagnos och minskat lidande för patienterna. / Epithelioid cell granulomatosis (ECG) is a diagnosis of anatomical pathology (PAD) and a type of inflammation seen in oral biopsies. ECG presents with histological features such as epithelioid cell granuloma with or without presence of multinucleated giant cells, inflammatory cells and occasionally oedematous fibrotic changes. Clinical symptoms presents as e.g. enlargement of lips, facial swelling, angular cheilitis and gingival hyperplasia. Orofacial granulomatosis (OFG) is the clinical diagnosis given PAD ECG with a multifactorial aetiology e.g. Crohn’s disease (CS) and sarcoidosis. The Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, determine PAD of oral biopsies that when given ECG are marked with the code of diagnosis 995, given 152 referrals. This retrospective follow-up of referrals with PAD ECG aims to investigate represented aetiology, management of referrals and to get a notion of whether the oral biopsy has contributed to systemic diagnosis, if there has been any feedback between included instances and collaboration between dentists and physicians. Number of included participants could be interpreted as an interest in ECG, which most frequently showed to be CS, agreeing with later confirmed diagnosis. The management in some cases of referral lacked feedback between health professionals as well as absence of predetermined ways of referral. Others showed cooperation and that the oral biopsy had contributed to diagnosis of systemic disease. The authors wish that this study will contribute to a well functional communication between health professionals, anticipating a more efficient and secure management of patients, improvement of early diagnosis and decreased patient discomfort.

Introduction : L’Odontologie est considérée comme une profession stressante, fréquemment associée à des problèmes de santé, tant d’ordre physique que psychique. L’objectif de cette étude est d’élucider le rôle de certains facteurs psychosociaux chez les Chirurgiens Dentistes Français et Brésiliens.Méthode : Nous avons mené une étude longitudinale auprès de 322 Chirurgiens-Dentistes (161 Français et 161 Brésiliens) au premier temps et au deuxième temps sur une cohorte de 179 (94 Français et 85 Brésiliens). Des mesures relatives à certaines caractéristiques socio-démographiques, psychosociales et transactionnelles ont été ont été administrées aux Chirurgiens-Dentistes. Les critères retenus étaient le burnout, la dépression, les troubles musculo-squelettiques et les troubles du sommeil évaluées à T2 ainsi que des stratégies de coping. Nous avons construit une échelle de stress spécifique à notre population. L’analyse factorielle a permis d’obtenir 1 facteur. Dans une perspective prédictive, des analyses en équation structurales nous ont permis, pour chacun le burnout et la dépression, de tester l’adéquation d’un modèle théorique aux données observées.Résultats : L’influence des scores obtenus sur le burnout, les troubles musculo-squelettiques et les troubles du sommeil) est confirmée par des analyses typologiques identifiant trois profils des dentistes : les dentistes en bonne santé, moins accomplis et en mauvaise santé. Les profils des dentistes Français et Brésiliens sont similaires. Les profils des dentistes moins accomplis et en mauvaise santé liés à certains facteurs psychosociaux, semblent particulièrement à risque de développer une mauvaise santé. Nous avons mis en évidence plusieurs modèles intégratifs témoignant d’effets directs et indirects des antécédents sur les critères, médiatisés par certaines variables transactionnelles. Les variables ratio effort/récompense et le coping de réévaluation du problème ont des effets médiateurs sur : le perfectionnisme et l’épuisement émotionnel, la solitude et l’épuisement émotionnel, le sentiment de solitude et la dépression. Le perfectionnisme prédit la dépression, cet effet passe par le ratio effort/récompense. Conclusion : Ces résultats montrent l’intérêt d’appliquer le modèle transactionnel à la santé des Chirurgiens-Dentistes et suggèrent des pistes de réflexion concernant les perspectives appliquées que ce soit en terme de prévention ou de prise en charge. / Introduction: The Dentistry is considered a stressful profession, being frequently associated with health problems, physical as much mental. The objective of this study is to elucidate the role of psychosomatic factors that affect French and Brazilian dentists.Method: Was made a longitudinal study in 322 dentists (161 French and 161 Brazilians), at a first turn, and 179 dentists at a second turn (when 94 was French and 85 was Brazilians). Measures related to certain socio demographic characteristics (psychosomatic and transactional) were administered for the dentists. The study’s criterions at the second turn were: burnout, depression, muscle-skeleton’s disturbances and sleep disturbances and copping strategies. We construct a specific stress scale for our sample. The factorial analysis resulted in only one factor. Through a perspective predictive, analysis of structural equations allowed to burnout and to depression to test a theoretical model across the observed data.Results: The score analysis obtained from burnout, depression, muscle-skeleton’s disturbances and sleep disturbance, allowed to identify, by cluster analysis, three dentists’ profiles: “with good health”; “with minor personal accomplishment”; “with health at risk”. The French and Brazilian dentist profiles were similar. The psychosomatic factors that influence the adhesion to a one of these profiles are different between the two groups (French and Brazilians). At France, above all, are the context variables and from stress processes (imbalance of effort and reward, specific stress of dentists and copping strategies) that are risk factors to the health. At Brazil, this is the dispositional variables (age, perfectionism and over commitment). We tested an integrator model which showed direct and indirect effects on criterions of our study, mediated by some transactional variables. The variables imbalance between effort and reward and copping, in the revaluation of the problem, has mediation’s effects between perfectionism and emotional exhaustion, between the solitude and emotional exhaustion, between the solitude and depression and between perfectionism and depression.Conclusions: These results showed the interest of application of the transactional model to the health of the surgeons dentists in two different cultures and suggests ways to a reflection about the applied perspectives, in terms of prevention as much as care. / Introdução - A Odontologia é considerada uma profissão estressante, frequentemente associada a problemas de saúde tanto física quanto mental. O objetivo deste estudo é elucidar o papel dos fatores psicossociais em Cirurgiões-Dentistas franceses e brasileiros. Método - Realizou-se um estudo de corte longitudinal em dois tempos. No primeiro tempo com 322 dentistas, sendo 161 franceses e 161 brasileiros, e no segundo tempo com 94 franceses e 85 brasileiros, totalizando 179 dentistas. Medidas relacionadas a determinadas características sociodemográficas, psicossociais e transacionais foram administradas nos dentistas. Os critérios do estudo foram: burnout, depressão, distúrbios músculo-esqueléticos e do sono em T2 e estratégias de coping. Construiu-se uma escala de estresse específico para essa população, e a análise fatorial resultou em um fator. Por meio de uma perspectiva preditiva as análises de equações estruturais permitiram, tanto para o burnout quanto para a depressão, testar um modelo teórico a partir dos dados observados.Resultados - A análise dos escores obtidos do burnout e dos distúrbios músculo-esquelético e do sono permitiu identificar, pelas análises de cluster, três perfis de dentistas: com boa saúde, com menor realização pessoal e com saúde precária. Os perfis dos dentistas franceses e brasileiros são semelhantes, mas os fatores psicossociais que influenciam a adesão a um desses perfis são diferentes entre os dois países. Na França são, sobretudo, as variáveis de contexto e do processo de estresse: desequilíbrio esforço/ recompensa, estresse específico dos dentistas e estratégias de coping, que são fatores de risco para a saúde. No Brasil são as variáveis disposicionais, como idade, perfeccionismo e supercomprometimento. Testou-se um modelo integrador que mostra efeitos diretos e indiretos sobre os critérios deste estudo, mediados por certas variáveis transacionais. As variáveis desequilíbrio e esforço-recompensa e coping reavaliação do problema têm efeitos de mediação entre: perfeccionismo e exaustão emocional; solidão e exaustão emocional; solidão e depressão; e perfeccionismo e depressão. Conclusão – Os resultados mostram o interesse da aplicação do modelo transacional à saúde dos Cirurgiões-Dentistas em duas culturas diferentes, e sugerem caminhos para a reflexão em relação às perspectivas aplicadas tanto em termos de prevenção quanto de cuidados.

Content removed due to copyright restriction: Jones, L. M. (2004). Focus on fillings: A qualitative health study of people medically diagnosed with mercury poisoning, linked to dental amalgam. Acta Neuropsychiatrica, 16(3), 142-148. Jones, L. (1999). Dental amalgam and health experience: Exploring health outcomes and issues for people medically diagnosed with mercury poisoning. The Bulletin, 97, 29-33. / The longstanding debate over the safety of mercury in dentistry has latterly moved from scientific argument to public health dilemma. Mercury is a neurotoxin. Adverse psychological outcomes can result from exposure, so The Quicksilver Quest aimed to investigate mercury in dentistry from a qualitative, critical health psychology perspective, and a quantitative, neuropsychology assessment. The qualitative study used focus group methodology to explore micro-mercurialism linked to dental amalgam fillings. A random sample of people, who had been medically diagnosed with mercury poisoning, formed seven focus groups. The discussion of experiences, beliefs, and health was analysed for themes and issues. The main findings were that the participants were not a homogeneous group, as had been anticipated, but fell into categories differentiated by their symptoms, fiscal resources, and motivation. A placebo effect was rejected as an exclusive explanation for the positive health outcomes reported by those who had had amalgam removal and detoxification. The quantitative study investigated the long-term effects of occupational mercury exposure on a cohort of women in dentistry. The aim was to test the null hypothesis: that women who endured high occupational mercury exposure in the 1970s (43 participants), and matched controls (32 participants), would show no between-group differences on a general and reproductive health survey, and a nine-test neurobehavioural assessment. Results generally supported accepting the null hypothesis. Significant exceptions were current symptom experience, reproductive health, and two mood subscales. There was a suggestion of peripheral nerve damage in the exposed group. Overall, the general discussion systematically reviews tension points in the debate, in light of a proposed model of tolerance to mercury. This begins to explain how it might appear that mercury in dentistry is safe for dental personnel, as pro-amalgam debaters claim, yet unsafe for some dental patients, as anti-amalgam debaters claim. Further study is suggested for occupationally exposed women, on tremor, and to test the proposed tolerance to mercury model. Finally, as the debate has a political aspect, a recommendation is made for a shift in public health policy to dental amalgam being restricted to use only in an adult population.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:33:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-08-19Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T21:05:36Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 costa_aco_dr_araca.pdf: 434039 bytes, checksum: 5a80adc9f83140fd3b9d2ea2ecdbf039 (MD5) / Avaliar os serviços de saúde é fundamental para garantir a qualidade na prestação de serviços. O objetivo deste estudo foi conhecer as condições de trabalho, relacionadas ao trabalho no Sistema Único de Saúde, por meio da percepção do cirurgião-dentista, avaliando: a satisfação profissional com o emprego público e remuneração, as condições ergonômicas e sanitárias do ambiente de trabalho e a qualidade de vida e saúde dos profissionais relacionadas ao ambiente de trabalho. Realizou-se uma pesquisa transversal, tipo inquérito e observacional. A coleta de dados foi feita por meio de entrevistas com 83 cirurgiões-dentistas, atuantes em 12 municípios paulistas. As informações foram processadas no software Epi Info 2000 versão 3.2.2. As variáveis analisadas foram: tipo de ingresso, regime de trabalho, carga horária, remuneração percebida, existência de plano de carreira, satisfação com o emprego público, aspectos sanitários e ergonômicos relacionados à distribuição de equipamentos no consultório odontológico, presença da auxiliar na equipe, satisfação com o trabalho efetuado e com o ambiente físico odontológico, segurança, saúde, lazer e renda. Os resultados apontam que 19% dos entrevistados não prestaram concurso público para ingressar no sistema público. O regime de trabalho estatutário foi mais adotado 47(57%). Notaram-se jornadas de trabalho distintas: 47(57%) de 20h, 7(8%) de 30h e 29(35%) de 40h. Estavam insatisfeitos com a remuneração 55(66%) profissionais, notando-se, ainda, a ausência do plano de carreira em 11municípios; 70(84%) profissionais afirmaram estar “satisfeito” e “muito satisfeito” com o emprego público. Observou-se que 21(28%) profissionais trabalhavam sozinhos; nos 34 consultórios, autoclave foi o meio mais utilizado 15(44%); 31(91%) lixeiras de lixo comum e 23(68%) de lixo contaminado eram inadequadas; 13(38%)... / The evaluation of the health service is fundamental to ensure the quality of the realization of the services. The aim of this study was to examine the working conditions related to the employment at the Brazilian Public health Service, by means of the perception of the Dental Surgeon, evaluating: professional satisfaction with the public employment and remuneration. The sanitary and ergonomic conditions at workplace environment and the quality of life and health of the professionals related to work environment. A cross-sectioned inquiry and observational type study was performed. Data collection was made through interviews, realized on 83 dental surgeons operative in 12 municipalities of the state of Sao Paulo. Information was processed on Epi Info 2000 software, version 3.2.2. The analyzed variables were: type of income, labor regime, workload, perceived remuneration, career plan existence, satisfaction with public employment, sanitary and ergonomic aspects related to the equipment distribution at the dental office, presence of an assistant in the team, satisfaction with realized work and with physical environment, safety, health, leisure and earnings. The results showed that 19% of the interviewed did not apply for public contest to enter the public service. Statutory work regime was the most adopted 47(57%). Different workdays were noticed: 47 (57%) of 20h, 7(8%) of 30h and 29(35%) of 40h; 55(66%) professionals were unsatisfied with the remuneration and, furthermore, the absence of a career plan was observed in 11 municipalities. 70 (84%) professionals affirmed to be “satisfied” and “very satisfied” with public employment. It was observed that 21(28%) professionals worked alone; at the 34 dental offices, autoclave was the most used method 15(44%); 31(91%) common waste bins and 23(68%) bins of contaminated material were inadequate; 13(38%) had no hand washbasins, 23(68%) ...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Objectif : Lors de la recension des écrits, ainsi que les recommandations académiques en matière de santé buccodentaire des enfants à besoins particuliers, il fût apparent que la réalité terrain des principaux concernés, les parents et les dentistes, était peu prise en compte. Lors de ce projet de recherche, nous avons exploré le contenu éthique de la recension des écrits, ainsi que le vécu et les opinions des parents d’enfants à besoins particuliers et des dentistes impliqués dans la prise en charge de ces enfants. Hypothèse : Nous nous attendions à ce que la principale difficulté énoncée par les parents soit la prévention. Nous nous attendions également à ce que les dentistes pédiatriques discutent de la difficulté à faire leur métier : manque de temps et de ressources, faible coopération des patients à besoins particuliers, limites en ce qui concerne la communication. Méthode : La recension des écrits a démontré que les enjeux de tous les jours et la réalité des familles et des dentistes étaient peu mentionnés, voire même parfois ignorés. Lors du projet de recherche, 14 participants issus du CHU Sainte-Justine, 9 parents d’enfants à besoins particuliers (paralysie cérébrale, anomalies craniofaciales, trouble du spectre de l’autisme) et 5 dentistes ont été rencontrés au cours d’entrevues semi-dirigées. Les participants ont été questionnés sur des thèmes à visée exploratoire : les enjeux les plus fréquemment identifiés dans la recension des écrits, leurs expériences et les recommandations qu’ils souhaitaient proposer. Les entrevues ont été transcrites et analysées de manière thématique. Résultats : Sur la base d’une analyse thématique du contenu des entrevues, non basée sur la représentativité statistique, nous avons identifié les différentes difficultés et plusieurs enjeux rencontrés par nos participants dans le contexte de la santé buccodentaire des enfants à besoins particuliers. Il y avait principalement des enjeux d’accessibilité, financière et géographique, et des enjeux en matière de prévention. L’importance de la communication et du relationnel était mise de l’avant. Parallèlement, la stabilisation protectrice et l’anesthésie générale étaient des pratiques jugées comme essentielles par la majorité de nos participants dentistes, et ces pratiques étaient acceptées, comprises et bien vécues par les parents, ce qui contraste avec la littérature et certaines recommandations. Tant les dentistes que les parents avaient des recommandations pertinentes à partager dans le but d’améliorer l’expérience des soins buccodentaires aux enfants à besoins particuliers. Conclusion : Nous avons exploré les perceptions des parents et des dentistes pédiatriques concernant les soins buccodentaires prodigués aux enfants ayant des besoins particuliers. Nous retenons que des difficultés dans la mise en place de la prévention sont présentes, ainsi que dans l'accessibilité aux soins. Malgré cela, plusieurs recommandations pertinentes émanent des entrevues, et elles seront partagées avec le grand public à travers un ouvrage littéraire (Éditions Sainte-Justine). / Objective : During the literature review, it became apparent that the recommendations in the literature regarding the dental health of children with special needs take little account of the reality of the main stakeholders, parents and dentists. Our goal was to explore the literature with an ethical lens and explore stakeholders’ perspectives. During this research project, we explored the experiences and collected the opinions of parents of children with special needs and dentists involved in the care of these children. Hypothesis : We hypothesized that the parental main concerns would be prevention. We also expected pediatric dentists to discuss the difficulty of doing their very day job: lack of time and resources, from the complexity of special needs patients. Method : 14 participants from the CHU Sainte-Justine, 9 parents of children with special needs (cerebral palsy, craniofacial anomalies, autism spectrum disorder) and 5 dentists were met during semi-structured interviews. The participants were questioned on exploratory themes: the issues most frequently identified in the literature, their experiences and the recommendations they wished to propose. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed using qualitative methodology. Results : In the ethical review of the literature, the recommendations are generally based on ideals, and do not take into account the complexity of children with special needs, as well as the clinical reality of dentists; “everyday ethics” is absent from the literature and many recommendations seem difficult to apply. Based on a thematic analysis of the content of the interviews (not based on statistical representativeness) we identified the various difficulties and several issues encountered by our participants in the context of the dental health of children with special needs. There were mainly issues of accessibility, financial and geographical, and issues in terms of prevention. The importance of communication and relationships were emphasized. At the same time, protective stabilization and general anesthesia were practices considered essential by the majority of dentists, and these practices were accepted, understood and well experienced by parents. Both dentists and parents had relevant recommendations to share in order to improve the experience of dental care for children with special needs. Conclusion : We explored the perceptions of parents and pediatric dentists regarding dental care provided to children with special needs. We note that there are difficulties in implementing prevention, as well as in access to care. Despite this, several relevant and practical recommendations emanated from the interviews. These will be shared with the general public for clinicians and parents in a book (Éditions Sainte-Justine).