Immigration is a debatable topic, and Sweden offers a unique context due to its long-established liberal immigration policies and recent political shifts, making it an ideal case study for understanding broader European trends. The current study explores changes in public attitudes toward immigrants in Sweden from 2012 to 2020 using data from the final five waves (from 2012 to 2020) of the European Social Survey (ESS). Employing multi-group analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM), this research aims to identify how attitudes have shifted over the study period and to analyze significant demographic (age, gender, domicile) and socioeconomic (income, education) influences on immigration attitudes. The results reveal a shift from generally positive to more negative perceptions, particularly between 2018 and 2020. Older age groups and individuals from rural areas exhibited more negative attitudes, while females generally displayed more positive attitudes than males. Moreover, females with higher education and higher income levels also demonstrate more favorable attitudes. These findings are crucial for policymakers, as they highlight the need for strategies that address demographic influences and suggest specific areas where interventions can help reduce negative views and improve social cohesion.

The research is motivated by the need to address two major challenges in wind power integration: how to mitigate wind power fluctuation and how to ensure stability of the farm and host grid. It is envisaged that wind farm power output fluctuation can be reduced by using a specific type of buffer, such as an energy storage system (ESS), to absorb its negative impact. The proposed solution, therefore, employs ESS to solve the problems. The key research findings include a new technique for calculating the desired power output profile, an ESS charge-discharge scheme, a novel direct-calculation (optimization-based) method for determining ESS optimal rating, and an ESS operation scheme for improving wind farm transient stability. Analysis with 14 wind farms and a compressed-air energy storage system (CAES) shows that the charge-discharge scheme and the desired output calculation technique are appropriate for ESS operation. The optimal ESSs for the 14 wind farms perform four or less switching operations daily (73.2%-85.5% of the 365 days) while regulating the farms output variation. On average, the ESSs carry out 2.5 to 3.1 switching operations per day. By using the direct-calculation method, an optimal ESS rating can be found for any wind farm with a high degree of accuracy. The method has a considerable advantage over traditional differential-based methods because it does not require knowledge of the analytical form of the objective function. For ESSs optimal rating, the improvement in wind energy integration is between 1.7% and 8%. In addition, a net increase in grid steady-state voltage stability of 8.3%-18.3% is achieved by 13 of the 14 evaluated ESSs. For improving wind farm transient stability, the proposed ESS operation scheme is effective. It exploits the use of a synchronous-machine-based ESS as a synchronous condenser to dynamically supply a wind farm with reactive power during faults. Analysis with an ESS and a 60-MW wind farm consisting of stall-regulated wind turbines shows that the ESS increases the farm critical clearing time (CCT) by 1 cycle for worst-case bolted three-phase-to-ground faults. For bolted single-phase-to-ground faults, the CCT is improved by 23.1%-52.2%. / text

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This master thesis illustrates the universality of Schwartz's value theory approach: culture of any group of people may be subject to the research and its value profile has a universal format. Both Czech and Finnish national value profiles and the value profiles of the helping professions in these two countries were calculated, based on data from The European Social Survey in 2012. On national levels, these profiles are representative. On the levels of helping professions, however, the profiles only serve as a model example-no representative data were available. In comparison with their national value profile, Czech model representatives of the helping professions attach more importance to all basic values in Schwartz's theory. In Finland, this is not the case for power, achievement, self-direction and security. This master thesis proposes several recommendations for potential surveys dealing with the impact of national culture on organization culture in health and social facilities. Especially, it highlights the necessity for quality value profiles of the structured helping professions. The reason for doing so is the outlined possibility (and maybe also necessity) to take different positions of individual professions into consideration. It also suggests to search for mathematical relations between...

Urban rail transport systems play a vital role in providing efficient and sustainable mobility solutions for growing metropolitan areas. This thesis focuses on the case of Stockholm's urban rail transport, managed by Region Stockholm, which serves nearly 900,000 daily passengers amid rapid population growth. However, the aging power supply system poses challenges to the system's efficiency and capacity expansion. To address these issues, this study develops cost modeling and decision-making tools aimed at evaluating future energy-saving business cases within the urban rail transport system. These tools, though preliminary, provide decision-makers with a techno-economic perspective to compare the cost-effectiveness of various measures and inform future interventions. The research methodology involves a system engineering approach, with continuous collaboration between the academic institution (KTH), transport authority (TF), and industrial partner (MTR). Weekly meetings facilitated the understanding of the urban rail transport system and the development of a decision-making algorithm. The study identifies stakeholders, primarily TF and passengers, and outlines a decision-making framework to assess proposed business cases. The tools generated undergo validation through expert feedback, laying the foundation for future empirical testing. Key findings highlight two main methods for energy-saving measures: technological modifications (e.g., Energy Storage Systems - ESS) and operational adjustments. Both On board and Wayside ESS installations demonstrate significant energy-saving potential, while operational adjustments such as HVAC modifications present challenges in automation. Qualitative reviews were made on these measures. The thesis proposes a preliminary Decision Making Tool to quantify Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) and facilitate informed decision making. Future work includes expanding stakeholder inclusion, refining cost models, and integrating additional business cases into the decision-making framework. In conclusion, this thesis contributes to the understanding of cost-effective measures for enhancing energy efficiency within urban rail transport systems. The developed tools offer an initial approach for decision-makers to navigate complex trade-offs and prioritize interventions, ultimately contributing to the sustainability and resilience of urban mobility infrastructure. / Järnvägstransportsystem i städerna spelar en viktig roll för att tillhandahålla effektiva och hållbara mobilitetslösningar för växande storstadsområden. Detta examensarbete fokuserar på fallet med Stockholms stadstrafik, som drivs av Region Stockholm, som servar nästan 900 000 dagliga passagerare i en snabb befolkningstillväxt. De åldrande strömförsörjningssystemen innebär dock utmaningar för systemets effektivitet och kapacitetsutbyggnad. För att ta itu med dessa frågor, utvecklar denna studiekostnadsmodellering och beslutsfattande verktyg som syftar till att utvärdera framtida energibesparande affärscases inom det urbana järnvägstransportsystemet. Dessa verktyg, även om de är preliminära, ger beslutsfattare ett tekniskt-ekonomiskt perspektiv för att jämföra kostnadseffektiviteten för olika åtgärder och informera framtida insatser. Forskningsmetodiken innebär ett systemtekniskt tillvägagångssätt, med kontinuerligt samarbete mellan den akademiska institutionen (KTH), transportmyndigheten (TF) och industriell partner (MTR). Veckomöten underlättade förståelsen av det urbana järnvägstransportsystemet och utvecklingen av en beslutsalgoritm. Studien identifierar intressenter, främst TF och passagerare, och skisserar en ram för beslutsfattande för att bedöma föreslagna affärsfall. Verktygen som genereras genomgår validering genom expertfeedback, vilket lägger grunden för framtida empiriska tester. Nyckelresultat belyser två huvudmetoder för energibesparande åtgärder: tekniska modifieringar (t.ex. Energy Storage Systems - ESS) och driftsanpassningar. Både ESS-installationer ombord och längs vägen uppvisar betydande energibesparingspotential, medan operativa justeringar som HVAC-modifieringar innebär utmaningar inom automatisering. Kvalitativa granskningar gjordes av dessa åtgärder. Avhandlingen föreslår ett preliminärt beslutsfattande verktyg för att kvantifiera Key Performance Indicators (KPI:er) och underlätta välgrundat beslutsfattande. Framtida arbete inkluderar att utöka inkluderingen av intressenter, förfina kostnadsmodeller och integrera ytterligare affärscase i beslutsfattandet. Sammanfattningsvis bidrar detta examensarbete till förståelsen av kostnadseffektiva åtgärder för att förbättra energieffektiviteten inom stadstrafiksystem. De utvecklade verktygen erbjuder ett första tillvägagångssätt för beslutsfattare att navigera i komplexa avvägningar och prioritera insatser, vilket i slutändan bidrar till hållbarheten och motståndskraften hos mobilitetsinfrastrukturen i städerna.

The study examines two selected Yorùbá movies, focuses on the oral tradition, feelings, and messages in them. Its purpose is to show that the classification or categorisation by previous scholars is not limited to Yorùbá movies; it is adaptable to other movies. Consequently, the study sets out to find an identity for Yorùbá movies and is able to accomplish its aim. It draws on copious examples of oral tradition genres in the selected movies, extract their examples from the movies, and use the extracts to make an argument that the unique way to identify Yorùbá movies is the Yorùbá oral tradition which frequents in the movies. In its attempt to find its focus, it highlights scholars’ ideas of oral tradition worldwide and narrows the concept to the Yorùbá paradigm. The dissertation contains information on research approach, theories, analysis, and findings. Also, it presents the weaknesses of the study and offers useful recommendations. Finally, the study asserts its claim and proves it with evidence from its data. / African Languages / D. Litt. et Phil. (African Languages)

In this study, the spin-splitting energy of the lowest conduction bands in bulk zincblende and wurtzite structures of III-V semiconductors had been investigated by the linear combination of atomic orbital (LCAO) method, the atomic bond-orbital model (ABOM), and the two-band k¡Dp (2KP) model. Spin-splitting calculation for zincblende structures: We develop a 16-band atomic bond-orbital model (ABOM) to compute the spin splitting induced by bulk inversion asymmetry in zincblende materials. This model is derived from the linear combination of atomic orbital (LCAO) scheme such that the characteristics of the real atomic orbitals can be preserved to calculate the spin splitting. The Hamiltonian of 16-band center-zone ABOM (CZABOM) is based on a similarity transformation performed on the nearest-neighbor LCAO Hamiltonian with a second-order Taylor expansion over k at the £F point. The spin-splitting energies in bulk zincblende semiconductors, GaAs and InSb, are calculated, and the results agree with the LCAO and first-principles calculations. However, we find that the spin-orbit coupling between bonding and antibonding p-like states, evaluated by the 16CZABOM, dominates the spin splitting of the lowest conduction bands in the zincblende materials. Spin-splitting calculation for wurtzite structures: The spin-splitting energies in biaxially strained bulk wurtzite material AlN are calculated using the linear combination of atomic orbital (LCAO) method, and the equi-spin-splitting distributions in k-space near the minimum-spin-splitting (MSS) surfaces are illustrated. These data are compared with those derived analytically by two-band k¡Dp (2KP) model. It is found that the results from these two methods are in good agreement for small k. However, the ellipsoidal MSS surface under biaxial compressive strain does not exist in the 2KP model, because the data points are far from the £F point. Instead, three basic shapes of the MSS surface occur in the wurtzite Brillouin zone: a hyperboloid of two sheets, a hexagonal cone, and a hyperboloid of one sheet, evaluated from the LCAO method across the range of biaxial strains from compressive to tensile. The shapes of the equi-spin-splitting (ESS) surfaces near these MSS surfaces have also three types: a hyperboloid of one sheet, an approximate, asymmetric hyperboloid surface, and an opposing hyperboloid of one sheet.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:12:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AlanML_DISSERT.pdf: 720079 bytes, checksum: eb15983670521e088254579d404daecd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-04-15 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The thinking dialog between Heidegger s philosophy and the poetry of H?lderlin and Rilke must be dealt in language s domains. The difficulty to establish this dialog comes from the man in itself, unable to think out of the understructure of science and the modern technique. The poetic language was forgotten or ignored, turning itself obsolete in front of improvements and resources of the technique. Heidegger searches the essences to the poetry so may it be comprehended in its plenitude for the man. Technique, poetry and existence must be pronounced and investigated so the being shows itself again. To Heidegger, the man lives in a period of uncertainty due finding himself at the sunset of age. The uncertainty generates the poverty and the night of world represents the absence of god and original truth. Only with the fundamental comprehension of poetry, the man of today can project himself to the future not anymore as technique product, but with freedom to choose. The message of poetry of H?lderlin and Rilke, according to Heidegger s interpretation, transmits an alert to the contemporary man against the coming danger in his maintained relation with nature. The purpose of the following work is to build this thinking dialog, without disfigure the poetry, but taking approach over its essence, so from there to remove its true existential value. / O di?logo pensante entre a filosofia de Heidegger e a poesia de H?lderlin e Rilke deve ser travado nos dom?nios da linguagem. A dificuldade em estabelecer esse di?logo vem do pr?prio homem, incapaz de pensar fora do arcabou?o da ci?ncia e da t?cnica moderna. A linguagem po?tica foi esquecida ou ignorada, tornando-se obsoleta diante das facilidades e recursos da t?cnica. Heidegger busca as ess?ncias para que a poesia possa ser compreendida em sua plenitude pelo homem. T?cnica, poesia e exist?ncia devem ser pronunciadas e investigadas para que o ser se apresente novamente. Para Heidegger, o homem vive em um per?odo de incertezas por se encontrar no entardecer de uma era (Sunset of Age). A incerteza gera a pen?ria e a noite do mundo representa a aus?ncia de Deus e das verdades origin?rias. Apenas com a compreens?o fundamental da poesia, o homem de hoje pode se projetar ao futuro n?o mais como produto da t?cnica, mas com liberdade para escolher. A mensagem da poesia de H?lderlin e Rilke, segundo a interpreta??o de Heidegger, transmite um alerta ao homem contempor?neo acerca do perigo vigente na rela??o que ele mant?m com a natureza. O objetivo do seguinte trabalho ? construir esse di?logo pensante, sem desfigurar a poesia, mas indo de encontro ? sua ess?ncia, para de l? retirar seu verdadeiro valor existencial.

An ever-decreasing cost of photovoltaics (PV) combined with generous installation subsidies lead to a growth of PV systems in Sweden. A large-scale penetration of PV power would make Energy Storage Systems (ESS) interesting for providing back-up storage, enabling flexibility and regulating intermittence. ESS represents a vital link between electrical supply and demand, and moreover a critical feature for increasing the use and attractiveness of renewable and intermittent energy sources. The purpose of this study is to do a quantitative analysis examining the most beneficial way to store electricity from PV regarding investment cost, life span, capacity and pay-off time. The study object is Valsätraskolan, a school in Uppsala with an existing PV system. The thesis shows that Lithium-ion batteries are the best prospected battery type but still not an economically profitable investment. With the current grid- and battery prices the most suitable battery solution has a pay-off time of 125 years. If the school would extend their PV system to cover all preferable roof areas, the pay-off time would be 48 years. If ESS are to become attractive from a financial point of view, the grid prices would have to increase and the cost for ESS decrease substantially.

This work deals with roaming issues in the WiFi network. Takes options from a 802.11 standard view. Factory setting options for fast roaming from CISCO and MikroTik. It proposes to measure and test these networks.