Discussions and considerations around nationalisation of the mining sector in South became more prevalent from 2009. There are certain implications or consequences related to these discussions, considerations or decisions that should be taken into account. The purpose of this study will be to determine what these consequences may be in a South African context by making inference from historic cases of nationalisation in other countries as well as testing the perceptions of respondents from a gold mine. In order to achieve the purpose of this study the researcher will do an in-depth literature study on the concept, history, consequences and related aspects of nationalisation. The perceived consequences will be tested by doing an empirical study on a sample of a gold mine. An online questionnaire has been distributed to the selected sample. The results have been collected by the researcher and was analysed by the Statistical Consultation Services at the North-West University (Potchefstroom Campus). Conclusions have been drawn from the analysed data and are reflected in the document. The results from the empirical study confirmed in most cases what the literature study has identified. The conclusions and recommendations have been provided by the researcher after taking into account the results of the literature and empirical study. / Thesis (MBA)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013

Discussions and considerations around nationalisation of the mining sector in South became more prevalent from 2009. There are certain implications or consequences related to these discussions, considerations or decisions that should be taken into account. The purpose of this study will be to determine what these consequences may be in a South African context by making inference from historic cases of nationalisation in other countries as well as testing the perceptions of respondents from a gold mine. In order to achieve the purpose of this study the researcher will do an in-depth literature study on the concept, history, consequences and related aspects of nationalisation. The perceived consequences will be tested by doing an empirical study on a sample of a gold mine. An online questionnaire has been distributed to the selected sample. The results have been collected by the researcher and was analysed by the Statistical Consultation Services at the North-West University (Potchefstroom Campus). Conclusions have been drawn from the analysed data and are reflected in the document. The results from the empirical study confirmed in most cases what the literature study has identified. The conclusions and recommendations have been provided by the researcher after taking into account the results of the literature and empirical study. / Thesis (MBA)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013

Diss.--Department of social anthropology--Stockholm university, 1996. / Bibliogr. p. 270-286.

The diploma thesis entitled "Expropriation of Real Estate" aims to clarify and analyse the legal regulation of forced withdrawal or limitation of the property right to real estate or rights of easement. It does not neglect the changes brought by the recodification of private law. The topic is not a new one, but it is undoubtedly topical, especially with regard to the importance of property rights itself and overlapping of public law with private law. The expropriation of real estate as the most serious interference with property rights is the ultimate means of fulfilling the needs of public interest. For this reason it can be decided only upon fulfilling all conditions stated by law. Based on analysing the English legislation of the expropriation of real estate and critical evaluation of the Czech legal system, attention is drawn to deficiencies and considerations de lege ferenda and through which there are recommended changes to be made in the Czech legal regulation.

This thesis is primarily concerned with laws guiding valuation for expropriation and compensation in Zimbabwe. The thesis aimed to identify and close gaps in the regulatory and legislative frameworks guiding property valuation approaches when land is expropriated in line with the current international best practice. A case study approach was used based on expropriated properties whose compensation amount was approved by the Compensation Committee (CC) during the multi-currency period (2009 – 2019). Stratified random sampling was adopted, and a sample size of 146 respondents was used. The researcher collected data using a semi-structured questionnaire and literature survey. Respondents were chosen from Members of the Compensation Committee (MsCC), Designated Valuation Officers (DVOs), Private Valuers (PVs), and Former Commercial Farmers (FCFs). Documents that were reviewed include statutes, official reports, and newsletters. Questionnaires were sent to research subjects by electronic mail due to the COVID-19 pandemic induced lockdown. Two computer software packages, including Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS-26) and ATLAS.ti 8, were used for data analysis. The researcher identified gaps in the existing laws and practice of expropriation and compensation in Zimbabwe. Notable gaps include provisions which are not clear, lack of detailed guidelines, unavailability of legal provisions on property valuation for expropriated communal properties and valuation inconsistencies. Furthermore, it was noted that FCFs were dissatisfied with the expropriation and compensation process and MsCC emphasised the need to take a historical overview of the expropriation and compensation crisis in Zimbabwe. Therefore, this study contributed to knowledge and practice by proposing amendments to existing Zimbabwean statutes guiding expropriation and compensation and designed a framework for expropriation and compensation. Results of this study are expected to bring closure to lingering issues surrounding expropriation and compensation in Zimbabwe. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2020. / Construction Economics / PhD / Unrestricted

No description available.

In 2010 the compensation provisions of the Expropriation act changed and the proposals made in the bill (prop. 1971: 122) and which this essay takes focus on was to introduce a standard increment of 25% and to abolish the rule of presumption that limited the right for compensation for so-called expectation values. The essay examines the investigation behind the changes of the compensation provisions of the Expropriation act and outlines the propositions’ and respondents' cited pros and cons of the adjustments. The aim of the study is to explain what motivated the adjustments of the Expropriation act and to investigate whether there were alternative proposals for the changes introduced. The main motive behind the standard increment was that the private ownership would be strengthened and that the compensation would be determined closer to the market value and thus become more fair and equitable. In addition to this the intention with the changes were to adapt the compensation to the contemporary conditions. Alternative solutions to the standard increment that was proposed in the investigation was that the standard increment is limited only to be added to the value of current land use and not expectation values. Most of the respondents were in general optimistic to adjusting the rules for compensation with the motives that private ownership should be strengthened and that the regulation should be adapted to modern conditions. Many respondents anticipated that the changes of the compensation provisions would lead to a more reasonable and fair balance between individual and public interests. / År 2010 ändrades ersättningsbestämmelserna i expropriationslagen och de förslag som lämnades i propositionen (prop. 1971:122) och som uppsatsen fokuserar på var bland annat att införa ett schablonpåslag på 25 % samt att upphäva presumtionsregeln som begränsade ersättningsrätten för så kallade förväntningsvärden. Uppsatsen redogör för hur utredningen gått till vid införandet av de nya ersättningsbestämmelserna i ExL, propositionens anföranden samt remissinstansernas framförda för- och nackdelar med ändringsförslagen. Målet med undersökningen är att redogöra för motiven bakom ändringarna i expropriationslagen samt att undersöka om det fanns alternativa förslag till införda ändringar. Det huvudsakliga motivet bakom det schabloniserade påslaget var att den enskilda äganderätten skulle stärkas samt att ersättningen fortsättningsvis skulle bestämmas närmare marknadsvärdet och därmed bli mer rättvis och skälig. Utöver detta syftade ändringarna till att anpassa ersättningsregleringen till nutida förhållanden. Alternativa lösningar till schablonpåslaget har anförts i utredningen och det alternativ som uppmärksammats är en begränsning av ersättning för schablonpåslaget till att enbart läggas till värdet av pågående markanvändning och inte förväntningsvärden. De flesta remissinstanserna var positiva till ändring av ersättningsbestämmelserna vilket motiverades med att äganderätten borde stärkas och att regleringen borde anpassas till nutida förhållanden. Många remissinstanser ansåg att reglerna skulle medföra en rimlig och rättvis fördelning mellan enskilda och allmänna intressen.

Syftet med examensarbetet är att undersöka hur värdering av marknadsvärden för fastigheter inom stadsomvandlingsområdet ska utföras enligt ersättningsbestämmelserna i expropriationslagen. Först utfördes en litteraturstudie som undersökte hur ersättning vid expropriation skulle bestämmas. Ersättningen skulle utgöra ett opåverkat marknadsvärde plus 25 procent samt övrig skada. Med opåverkat menas att de inte är påverkat av exproprationsändamålet. Om tillräckligt med genomförda köp fanns att tillgå var ortsprismetoden den mest lämpade metoden för värdering av småhusfastigheter. För att få en större inblick i fastighetsmarknaden i Kiruna och som underlag till senare utförd värdering genomfördes en fastighetsmarknadsanalys där transaktioner i Kiruna mellan 2001 och 2012 användes. Med hjälp av transaktionerna delades Kiruna tätort upp i tre områden med benämningarna, drabbade området på Norrmalm, odrabbade området på Norrmalm samt Övriga Kiruna. Dessa områden användes genomgående i hela arbetet. För varje område utfördes en analys för bostadsbeståndet samt analys av gjorda köp och prisutvecklingar. Någon avvikande prisutveckling för det drabbade området kunde inte påvisas, inte heller för det näraliggande området. För att undersöka om ortprismetoden var en lämplig metod utfördes värderingar av hypotetiska fastigheter som var vanliga inom det drabbade området. Värderingen följde ortsprismetodens huvudmoment med undantag av att jämförelseobjekten justerades med hänsyn till avståndet till Kiruna centrum. Studien visade att ortsprismetoden var användbar vid värdering av småhusfastigheter inom stadsomvandlingsområdet. Även om den utförda analysen inte påvisade någon påverkan inom det drabbade området på Norrmalm måste jämförelseobjekt väljas utanför det drabbade området på Norrmalm då området ändock sannolikt är påverkat. Hänsyn måste också tas till att Kirunas fastighetsmarknad är relativt begränsad och det kan vara svårt att hitta bra näraliggande jämförelseobjekt för vissa fastigheter. / The purpose of this study is to examine how the appraisal of the market values of real estates within an area effected by of city relocation shall be carried out according to the regulation in the Expropriation Act. First a literature study was performed to examine how compensation for expropriation would be determined. The compensation would be an unaffected market value plus 25 percent, and other loss. Unaffected means that it is not influenced by the purpose of the expropriation. If the number of sales available were sufficient, the comparison method was the most suitable method. To gain a greater insight into the real estate market in Kiruna and as a basis for price trends, a real estate market analysis in which transactions in Kiruna between 2001 and 2012 were used. By using the transacations data Kiruna was divided into three areas with designations, affected area of Norrmalm, unaffected area of Norrmalm and rest of Kiruna. These sites were used throughout the entire study. For each area, an analysis of the housing stock as well as analysis of completed sales and price trends. Any divergent price trends of the affected area was not proven, nor for the nearby area either. Appraisals of hypothetical properties were performed to examine whether the comparison method was an appropriate method. The appraisal followed main parts of the comparison method except that the comparison objects were adjusted according to the distance to the center of Kiruna. The study showed that the comparison method was useful in the valuation of single-family properties in the area of city relocation. Although the analysis did not detect any impact for the price trends of the affected area in Norrmalm, comparison objects must be selected outside the affected area in Norrmalm, because the area is most likely influenced nevertheless. Consideration must also be given to Kiruna's real estate market is relatively limited and it can be difficult to find good comparison objects.

La mise en place de grands projets d’aménagement peut avoir des impacts sociaux provoqués par le déplacement des familles installées dans les espaces concernés. C’est pour contribuer à comprendre et analyser ce type de problème que la présente recherche s’est tournée vers les personnes déjà expropriées par le Complexe Industriel Portuaire de Suape, au Nordeste du Brésil, et habitant maintenant en dehors de leurs anciens espaces de vie. La présente thèse cherche à explorer dans quelle mesure ces personnes reconstruisent leur espace de vie. Tout en mobilisant le concept d’espace de vie, la thèse reprend la notion de résilience, comprise comme « la reprise d’un nouveau développement » de ces personnes, considérées comme sujets d’un point de vue géographique. L’objectif est donc d’analyser le processus de reconstruction spatiale – réussie ou non – des personnes expropriées par l’entreprise SUAPE, avec l’espoir d’aboutir à quelques propositions qui puissent aider à minimiser les problèmes socio-spatiaux découlant de l’expropriation. L’analyse s’appuie sur les différentes zones d’origine et de relocalisation, parcourues lors du terrain de recherche (l’île de Tatuoca, Massangana, Águas Compridas, Gaibu, Nossa Senhora do Ó, et l’Assentamento Valdir Ximenes, au Pernambouc - Brésil), pour connaître les espaces de vie des familles et leur situation actuelle. L’atmosphère de peur qui y régnait nous a obligé à utiliser certaines techniques pour dépasser les difficultés, dont la méthode d’enquête par boule de neige et la prise de photos par les habitants eux-mêmes. Il en ressort que le déplacement des personnes correspond à un traumatisme, mais peut aussi dans certains cas, signifier de nouvelles opportunités dans de nouveaux espaces de vie dont certaines des caractéristiques sont favorables ou défavorables à la reprise d’un nouveau développement personnel. Les différentes zones parcourues nous ont permis encore de voir combien les habitants souffrent de leur éloignement des pratiques spatiales d’avant, mais aussi, que certains d’entre eux, même si c’est de façon précaire, ont réussi à s’engager dans un nouveau développement à partir du peu qu’ils avaient. La thèse se termine par quelques suggestions et perspectives pour des recherches futures. / The setting up of large planning project may have social impacts due to the displacement of families settled into the affected areas. In order to have a better understanding and a finer analysis of such an issue, this research is focusing upon the expropriated individuals by the Industrial Port Complex of Suape in the Brazil’s Nordeste, who are now dwelling outside of their old living areas. This thesis explores the means by which these people are piecing their life back together. The thesis tackles the concept of living environment as well as the notion of resilience, understood as “the resumption of a new development” of these people through the geographical point of view. The objective is thus to analyze the process of spatial reconstruction – succeed or not – of expropriated individuals by the SUAPE company, with the hope of ending in useful propositions to minimize the socio-spatial problems that stemmed from the expropriation. The analysis is based upon the multiple areas of people’s origin and relocation crossed during the research on the ground (the island of Tatuoca, Massangana, Águas Compridas, Gaibu, Nossa Senhora do Ó, and the Assentamento Valdir Ximenes, in Pernambouc - Brazil), to know the living environment of families and their current situation. The pervasive atmosphere of fear that remains in these places constrained us to use specific technics to overcome the difficulties, including the “snow ball survey” and the taking of pictures by the inhabitants of these areas. It results from this research that such a displacement of individuals is experienced as a trauma, but in some cases, can also offer new opportunities in the new living environment with its characteristics being more favorable or unfavorable to a renewal of the personal development. The visited areas allowed us to acknowledge the inhabitant’s suffering from the remoteness of their prior spatial practices, but also, that some of these individuals have been successful, even in a precarious manner, in piecing their life back together while starting with the little they had. The thesis is ending with some suggestions and avenues for future researches.

No description available.