ABSTRACT This text process a design pedagogical research executed in Arvidsjaur during the fall of 2011. The formulation of questions that this study circles around regards how combining design and narration can be used in the development of design pedagogy. Also scrutinized, how did the formulation of this research affect the outcome and what means, in addition their attendance, did the people who partook contribute with?    The purpose is to find a pedagogic angle that moves focus away from the finished product and onto other aspects of the design process. To clarify, by investigating how narration adapts as a tool during a design process this research seek to enlighten ways that we comprehend, and make use of, our surroundings while working towards a common - designed - goal. What comes about when gathering a group of people and asking them to represent Arvidsjaur by designing a cup? The material used emanates from observations, narratives, images and finished artifacts – all deriving from a set of workshops held in the city of Arvidsjaur. To partake in the workshops was voluntary and the invite began with the question/statement: Design and narration? An ethnographically inspired method preceded the structure of the study and hence made it impossible to foreordain what would occur before arriving in Arvidsjaur. By placing the gathered material and observations along with a set of selected theories, such as sociocultural learning and social constructionism, I wish to enlighten and point out qualities, along with weaknesses, that this study occupies.  Beyond a written contribution, and the work on the field, the research resulted in a number of designed cups. These cups were photographed, processed, and depicted in three different ways – as posters and as a series of photographs. These images were on display during an exhibition at Konstfack in December 2011. My contribution to the exhibition was meant as a continuation on questions regarding design and narration. What happens e.g. with an item when it is displayed in this matter? When moved from one context to another? It is thus a way to stress the importance of questioning and challenge the way we apprehend our surroundings and what we chose to enlighten or leave out – a comment on a stirring development. I did not wish to explain to the viewer what the cups narrate; they were made to reveal something on their own. How they ultimately are received becomes yet another way of pointing out that how we experience something is dependent on a variety of circumstances.

Denna studie är ett examensarbete som utförs som en del av utbildningen Produktutveckling med inriktning ljusdesign under våren 2018 vid Jönköpings Tekniska Högskola. Studien gjordes för att undersöka hur belysning kan underlätta orientering i mörka utställningsrum, utan att negativt påverka den upplevda atmosfären samtidigt som utställningsföremålen är i fokus för besökarna. Målet är att kunskapen som samlas in från denna studie ska kunna användas för att skapa ett underlag vid planering av belysning på Marinmuseet i Karlskrona. Studien genomfördes först genom en förstudie där problem och förutsättningar för att orientera sig i mörka utställningsrum undersöktes genom en enkät och en observationsstudie på Vasamuseet och Marinmuseet. En huvudstudie genomfördes sedan på Marinmuseet där. Lou Michels teori Visual Objective Theory prövades som ett verktyg för att underlätta orientering i mörka utställningsrum. Huvudstudien genomfördes under två dagar med hjälp av en enkätundersökning och en observationsstudie. Resultatet från enkätstudien antydde att upplevelsen av atmosfär kan påverkas av Visual Objective Theory, dock finns det inget som pekar mot att den påverkas negativt. I övrigt gav enkätstudien inga starka implikationer till en slutsats. Observationsstudien var mer tydlig och gav underlag för att Visual Objective Theory är ett bra verktyg för att påverka besökarnas rörelsemönster. / This study is a thesis performed as a part of the education Product development aligned with Lighting design during the spring 2018 at Jönköping School of Engineering. This study was made to research how lighting can facilitate orientation in dark exhibition rooms, without negatively affecting the experienced atmosphere while at the same time maintaining the exhibition subjects in focus for the visitors. The goal is that the knowledge collected from this study can be used as a basis when planning lighting at the Marine Museum in Karlskrona. The study was first performed through a prestudy where problems and conditions for orienting in dark exhibition rooms was tested with a survey and an observational study at the Vasamuseet and Marinmuseet. A main study was then performed at Marinmuseet, where Lou Michels theory Visual Objective Theory was tested as a tool to facilitate orientation in dark exhibition rooms. The main study was performed during two days, containing a questionnaire and an observational study. The results from the survey implied that the experience of atmosphere can be affected by Visual Objective Theory, however there is nothing implying that the experience is negatively affected. Other than that the results from the survey gave no strong implications for a conclusion. The observational study was clearer and gave support for Visual Objective Theory being a good tool for affecting the visitors movement patterns.

This thesis examines the social life and cultural biography of five objects from the Valsgärde-collection at museum Gustavianum in Uppsala, Sweden. The aim of this study was to research the social life and cultural biography of five objects from the collection and what this means in relation to collections management, authenticity, digitalization and object-love. There is a special focus on authenticity and digitalization throughout the essay. There are mixed methods in the thesis, two interviews, phenomenology and object-based learning. The theoretical frame-work of the thesis were The Social Life of Things as well as authenticity, digitalization and collections management. In the analysis it showed that the social life of things as well as the cultural biography of things is something that is constantly constructed, and will shift and grow throughout time. The analysis also showed that a proper collections management will improve the cultural biography of things, it will also improve a more authentic digitalization. The conclusion of the thesis is that the social life of things is dynamic, even though some information may seem static. A cultural biography is possible to write about objects, however, not only one person can do this since we need academics from different branches to try and understand the objects. It is also important to when possible research the objects with your hands, in order to research one owns feelings. Further research on the topic could be done by more researchers investigating the objects, as well as a combination of testing of the material in order to trace the objects’ cultural biography in the prehistoric age. This is a two years master’s thesis in Museum and Cultural Heritage Studies.

Our whole society is affected by the digitisation process. The policies of the Swedish government encourage the cultural heritage organizations to strategically develop the digitisation of their collections. These strategies often aim to make the collections more accessible but there is not much research about how researchers who have use of the digital information meet with the digital collections. The intention of this thesis is to study four researchers in the field of humanities who have textile objects as source material, and their professional experience of the digitisation of the cultural heritage. The researchers were interviewed in a semi-structured qualitative way, and the interviews were recorded and transcribed for analyzation of the data collected.  The main result of the study is that the digital access of research material represents an improvement of their work when it comes to getting a quick and easy overview of their research subject which also represent a chance to improve the research quality by being able to compare and search for similar objects all over the world without having to travel to the collections. It has also become cheaper because of less travelling. Being able to take digital photos is also a big improvement compared to analogue photographs that are expensive and takes time to develop. One negative aspect that the study shows, is that the information in digital collections often lacks the quality that the researchers need, for example close-up pictures or relevant and reliable metadata. The researchers also experience an uncertainty in how to use the digital tools and computer programs in an effectively way and expresses a need for more knowledge about the different IT-systems. This thesis shows that the research topics seem to change due to the digitisation, partly because of the technological possibilities that new methods offers. Digital humanities points to this as a possibility to develop the research in the field of humanities and explore new areas that cannot be done without the digital methods.

Object deformation is an essential factor for the robot to manipulate the object, as the deformation impacts the grasping of the deformable object either positively or negatively. One of the most challenging problems with deformable objects is estimating the stiffness parameters such as Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio. This thesis presents a learning-based approach to predicting the stiffness parameters of a 3D (volumetric) deformable object based on vision and haptic feedback. A deep learning network is designed to predict Young’s modulus of homogeneous isotropic deformable objects from the forces of squeezing the object and the depth images of the deformed part of the object. The results show that the developed method can estimate Young’s modulus of the selected synthetic objects in the validation samples dataset with 3.017% error upper bound on the 95% confidence interval. The conclusion is that this method contributes to predicting Young’s modulus of the homogeneous isotropic objects in the simulation environments. In future work, the diversity of the object shape samples can be expanded for broader application in predicting Young’s modulus. Besides, the method can also be extended to real-world objects after validating real-world experiments. / Objekt är en väsentlig faktor för roboten att manipulera objektet, eftersom det påverkar greppet om det deformerbara objektets deformation antingen positivt eller negativt. Ett av de mest utmanande problemen med deformerbara objekt är att uppskatta styvhetsparametrarna som Youngs modul och Poissons förhållande . Denna avhandling presenterar en inlärningsbaserad metod för att förutsäga styvhetsparametrarna för ett 3D (volumetriskt) deformerbart objekt baserat på syn och haptisk feedback. Ett nätverk för djupinlärning är utformat för att förutsäga Youngs modul av homogena isotropa deformerbara objekt från krafterna från att klämma ihop objektet och djupbilderna av den deformerade delen av objektet Resultaten visar att den utvecklade metoden kan uppskatta Youngs modul för de utvalda syntetiska objekten i valideringsexempeldatauppsättningen med 3.017% fel övre gräns på 95% konfidensintervall. Slutsatsen är att denna metod bidrar till att förutsäga Youngs modul för de homogena isotropa objekten i simuleringsmiljöerna. I framtida bredare arbete kan mångfalden av objektformproverna utökas för tillämpning vid förutsägelse av Youngs modul. Dessutom kan metoden också utvidgas till verkliga objekt efter validering av verkliga experiment.

The use of external dimensions in products has great importance in numerous areas and a digital measurement can lead to a more streamlined workflow. In this project are the suitability of sensors for measuring irregularly shaped objects investigated and a prototype for digital measurement built. The prototype consists of a measuring cart, Raspberry Pi, two cameras and MQTT with React web front-end. Measurement is started by a client and reported back to the client with the measurement station’s established measurement values. The result is presented as 79% of measured dimensions ending up within ±10 mm margin of the manually measured value. The result is based on tests of 10 objects with deviating characteristics to challenge the measurement capacity. The biggest challenge that has arisen has been the handling of objects’ perspectives in relation to the cameras. It is one of the areas that could be further developed to improve the reliability of the measuring station. / Användningen av yttermått hos produkter har en stor betydelse inom en stor mängd områden och en digital mätning av detta kan medföra en mer strömlinjeformad arbetsgång. I detta projektet undersöks sensorers lämplighet för mätning av oregelbundet formade objekt och det byggs en prototyp för digital mätning. Prototypen består av en mätvagn, Raspberry Pi, två kameror och MQTT med React-baserat webbgränssnitt. Mätning startas av en klient och rapporteras tillbaka till klienten med mätstationens fastslagna mätvärdena. Resultatet slutar i att 79% av uppmätta dimensioner hamnar inom ±10 mm marginal av manuellt uppmätt värde. Ett resultat som baseras på tester av 10 objekt med avvikande egenskaper för att utmana mätkapaciteten. Det största utmaningen som uppkommit har varit hanteringen av objekts perspektiv i förhållande till kamerorna. Det är ett av områdena som fortsatt har möjlighet att vidarutvecklas för att ytterliggare förbättra mätstationens pålitlighet.

This study sheds light on an interface between the concepts of museum and religion, based on case studies of two churches located at open-air museums: Seglora kyrka at Skansen in Stockholm and Murbergskyrkan at Murberget in Härnösand. These represent two types of museum churches, where Seglora kyrka originally was built för religious use within the Church of Sweden, while Murbergskyrkan originally was built by an open-air museum. This has been done through studies of both the biographies of the churches, to understand the changes in identities that they have undergone during their lives, and the use of the churches today, to understand possible conflicts between pedagogical and religious use of churches at museums. The research has been carried out as a methodological bricolage, where printed sources have been combined with interviews with museum employees and observations of the churches. Based on the biographies of the churches, it can be stated that Seglora kyrka has gone through several changes, to when transferred to Skansen be assigned its present identities as both a museum object and a religious object. Murbergskyrkan has always been assigned these parallel identities. Both churches are still used both pedagogically and religiously, and assigned identities as both museum objects and religious objects. The different uses of the churches do sometimes stand in conflict. Religious practice can go against a museal conservational mission. Pedagogical use of religious objects can be a subject of debate, for example when programs aimed for schools take place in religious buildings. Churches are located at several open-air museums, in Sweden and internationally, and are often included in both educational and religious use. Awareness of possible conflicts between pedagogical and religious use of churches should hence be required from museum educators and employees. This is a two years master’s thesis in Museum and Cultural Heritage Studies.

It is a truism that the legal system lags behind societal and technological developments. The common system of VAT is no exception. The objective of this thesis is to examine how the existing VAT rules applies to virtual assets, in particular NFTs and purchasable collectibles in computer games. The aim is to study how transactions with these assets are classified from a VAT perspective and to evaluate whether this classification is compatible with the VAT neutrality principle and the function of VAT as a general tax on final consumption.  One finding related to the classification part of this thesis is that these transactions, which often involve a token and an underlying asset, are treated as a composite supply of services and not a supply of goods for VAT purposes. This implies that the special scheme for second-hand goods cannot be applied. Other classification aspects to assess whether the supply falls within the scope of VAT and whether the supply is taxed or exempt, are also analyzed. There is no ground for NFTs or other virtual assets to be exempt generally. Though, certain types or functions for NFTs may be exempt as financial transactions. The evaluation concludes that the existing rules are partly adapted to handle transactions with these types of virtual assets conducted in a virtual environment. However, the existing rules could lead to an unmotivated double taxation, which may preclude the pursuit of economic activities.

Följande arbete är en kandidatuppsats inom medieteknik som ämnar att förstå möjligheterna med hybridupplevelser inom naturhistoriska och historiska museer utifrån designbyråer och museers erfarenheter, samt öka kunskapen om hur en engagerande hybridupplevelse skapas. Det användes en induktiv ansats tillsammans med semistrukturerade intervjuer av två museer och två designbyråer inom fältet hybrida upplevelser. Empirin analyserades sedan med hjälp av tematisk analys där tre teman med vardera delteman identifierades. Uppsatsen refererar till tidigare forskning om hybridupplevelser inom museisektorn där fokuset ligger på utställningar med både fysiska och digitala komponenter, samt att besökarna befinner sig fysiskt på plats. Utifrån analys och diskussion av uppsatsens resultat drogs slutsatserna att en engagerande hybridupplevelse måste innehålla digitala och fysiska element, samt integrera teknik, design och berättande på ett balanserat sätt. Tekniken, såsom projiceringskartläggning, ger liv åt fysiska ytor och föremål för att skapa autentiska upplevelser. Designen av utställningen och dess fysiska utformning är avgörande för interaktionen mellan besökare och föremål samt för att främja diskussioner och samtal. Digitala verktyg förstärker berättelsen och de interaktiva elementen bidrar till att besökaren uppslukas av berättelsen. / The following work is a Bachelor level thesis on Media Technology aimed at understanding the possibilities of hybrid experiences within natural history and historical museums based on the experiences of design agencies and museums, as well as increasing knowledge of how an engaging hybrid experience is created. An inductive approach was used together with semi-structured interviews of two museums and two design agencies in the field of hybrid experiences. The empirical data was then analyzed using thematic analysis, identifying three main themes with respective subthemes. The thesis refers to previous research on hybrid experiences within the museum industry, focusing on exhibitions incorporating both physical and digital components, with guests physically visiting the museum. Based on the analysis and discussion of the thesis results, the conclusion was drawn that an engaging hybrid experience must include digital and physical elements, and integrate technology, design, and storytelling in a balanced manner. Technology, such as projection mapping, brings physical spaces and objects to life to create authentic experiences. The design of the exhibition and its physical layout are crucial for interaction between visitors and objects, as well as for promoting discussions and conversations. Digital tools enhance the storytelling, and interactive elements contribute to immersing the visitor in the narrative.

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