The diploma thesis deals with the design of the holiday apartment house. The building with an irregular floor plan has four storeys and it is covered with a flat roof with vegetation in the level above 1.NP a gabled roof in a level above 4.NP. The apartment house offers ten separate apartment flats intended for temporary or permanent accommodation. It also includes a public area, including refreshments and relaxation zone with swimming pool.

Holiday air travel behaviors are nowadays a significant issue in relation to climate change and sustainable tourism. Indeed, transportation, and especially air transportation, have a significant role in climate change. Hence, it is important that the tourism industry includes the transportation sector when developing solutions for sustainable tourism. As students are the future main target group of this industry, it is important to understand the reasons behind their choices. Until now, travel behaviors have been explained using single and specific theories, which did not include many factors explaining holiday air travel decisions. In this study, this concern is addressed by combining two theories in relation to behavior formation - the theory of planned behavior and the value-belief-norm theory - in order to understand all motivations and barriers behind students’ holiday air travel behaviors. The analysis of the findings shows that many internal and external factors affect students decisions in regards to flying during holidays, including values, beliefs, social and personal norms, as well as accessibility, country of origin, price, time, distance, and social influence. However, the analysis of the results also demonstrates two gaps between attitudes and behaviors within the student community, which link to the cognitive dissonance theory: an awareness-attitude behavior gap and a contextual gap. The paper argues that while the theory of planned behavior and the value-belief-norm theory can be used simultaneously in order to analyze decisions regarding holiday air transportation, they are not sufficient as these two gaps emerged. The study concludes suggesting destination developers and national governments to take into account the present factors behind students’ decisions in order to develop sustainable destinations.

Contemporary society perceives boredom largely as a normal part of everyday life. Nevertheless, academic discourse has not come to an agreement on its interpretation. The researchers differ on two main points: first, whether boredom is universal or historically developed phenomenon, and second, whether it is an individual or the external conditions, who is more responsible for the emergence of boredom. This paper reflects on these conceptual difficulties and attempts to elude them by suggesting an alternative, sociologically relevant approach. A new sociological concept of the phenomenon is introduced, based on Martin Heidegger's conceptualization of boredom. Boredom is thereby understood as a specific way, in which individual relates to his/her social environment and its objects. In order to avoid epistemological dilemmas resulting from an imbalanced account, which puts too much emphasis either on subject or its environment, the concept situates boredom's origin and actuation onto the level where subject and its environment meet. The theoretical part of the text is followed by an empirical one, which uses the concept to interpret a specific segment of tourism: organized holidays. This particular model, constructed and offered by travel agencies as a complex product, is understood here as an...

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Michel Maffesoli and Zygmunt Bauman add the traits of Benjamin's flâneur to the (neo-)nomad, namely his "flâneur" gaze and his relation to commodities. But in the concept of nomad these traits gain specific nature - on the field of fashion they transform nomad into migrant, who is capable of creative work with vanitas. Nomad as a travelling flâneur is a stranger-guest and becomes a tourist, willingly getting lost in the city and voluntarily being surprised by unexpected encounters. Tourists relation to his memories could be described with Benjamin's description of mémoire involontaire as a revived punctum. A tourist prepares his memories like a nicely descending ruins. Souvenir is his materialised memory. It's not only a duplicated plastic Eiffel tower, but a magic artifact. It's a collective aura, what's on Benjamin's mind when he writes about aura regression. The private aura comes instead, turning things to talismans, reenchanting the world. The era of postmechanical reproduction reminds one, that there is a way to reproduce not just mechanically but biologically: a bricolage remix is made. Souvenirs descend and take shape of hommogenic rummage which reveals the fundamental form of postmodern metamorphosis: recyclation. This metamorphosis can finally be used when analyzing the settler turn into nomad...

INTRODUÇÃO: O presente estudo teve como objetivo principal avaliar o impacto dos feriados do Natal e Ano Novo na mortalidade por doença coronariana, AVC, insuficiência cardíaca, acidente de transporte, suicídio e homicídio na cidade de São Paulo, 1996 a 2009. Os objetivos secundários foram investigar outras efemérides, como carnaval, copa do mundo e rebaixamento de times paulistas (Corinthians e Palmeiras), ataque do PCC no ano de 2006. Além disso, foram investigadas associações entre variáveis ambientais, culturais com a mortalidade, como sazonalidade, dia da semana, atributos do clima e poluentes atmosféricos. MÉTODOS: Estudo ecológico e retrospectivo. Os dados diários de mortalidade foram obtidos pelo PRO-AIM. O estudo realizou três tipos de análise: (1) comparação de médias; (2) tendência; (3) regressão linear. Análise de variância (ANOVA) com teste post hoc de Bonferroni foi utilizada para comparar a média de mortes entre as estações do ano e entre os dias da semana. O nível de significância adotado foi de 0,05. No caso das efemérides, foi utilizado o mesmo teste (ANOVA) para comparar com a média de mortes da data controle. A análise de tendência foi realizada pelo programa joinpoint regression. Foi considerada a média de mortes por semana epidemiológica ao longo do ano (53 semanas) bem como os dias próximos ao Natal e Ano novo. O objetivo dessa análise foi identificar alguma alteração das mortes no período do Natal e Ano novo. Para a análise da associação entre mortalidade e variáveis ambientais, foram escolhidos dois períodos do ano: 24 de dezembro a 1 de janeiro e 24 de junho a 2 de julho. Foram calculadas as médias anuais para cada causa de morte bem como de cada variável ambiental, ano a ano. Foi utilizado teste para o coeficiente de correlação e regressão linear para estimar as associações. RESULTADOS: Foi identificado um excesso de homicídio no período do Natal e Ano novo para o sexo masculino e total. Considerando-se apenas o feriado (25 de dezembro e 1 de janeiro) o excesso de homicídio foi de 7,81 (p<0,01) mortes para o total. As demais efemérides não apresentaram diferença significativa em relação às respectivas datas de controle. A análise de variância, para o grupo de doenças cardiovasculares, identificou um pico significativo de mortes no inverno. Suicídio e homicídio apresentaram picos nas estações quentes. Acidente de transporte não apresentou padrão definido. Quanto ao dia da semana, doença coronariana apresentou excesso de mortes na segunda-feira, insuficiência na terça-feira. AVC não apresentou padrão definido. Homicídio e acidente de transporte apresentaram maior frequência de mortes aos finais de semana. Suicídio apresentou picos no domingo e segunda-feira. A análise de tendência identificou um pico no meio do ano, correspondente ao inverno, para mortes por doenças cardiovasculares. Acidente de transporte apresentou queda no período do Natal e Ano novo. Considerando-se os dias próximos ao Natal e Ano novo, não foi identificada nenhuma alteração da tendência. Na análise de regressão, para doença coronariana, foi identificada associação negativa com a temperatura mínima e positiva com NO2, para o total e sexo masculino. CONCLUSÃO: Foi identificado um pico significativo de homicídios no Natal e Ano novo, que pode ser explicado parcialmente pela teoria de atividade de rotina. Quanto à sazonalidade os resultados condizem com a literatura, ou seja, mortes por doenças cardiovasculares mais frequentes no inverno, suicídio e homicídio no verão. Em relação ao dia da semana foram identificados alguns resultados diferenciados, como maior ocorrência de mortes por insuficiência cardíaca as terças-feiras e suicídio aos domingos e segundas-feiras / INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the Christmas and New Years holidays in the mortality from coronary heart disease, stroke, heart failure, traffic accidents, suicide and homicide in the city of São Paulo, 1996 to 2009. Secondary objectives were to investigate other ephemerides, like carnival, world cup and demotion of the football teams (Corinthians and Palmeiras), PCC attack in 2006. In addition, we investigated associations between environmental and cultural variables with mortality, as seasonality, day of week, weather and air pollutants. METHODS: An ecological and retrospective study. The daily mortality data were obtained through PRO-AIM. The study conducted three types of analysis: (1) comparison of means, (2) trend, (3) linear regression. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Bonferroni post hoc test was used to compare the average number of deaths between seasons and between the day of the week. The level of significance was 0.05. In the case of the ephemeris, we used the same test (ANOVA) to compare with the deaths with the control period. A trend analysis was performed by the joinpoint regression program. It was considered the average of deaths per epidemiological week throughout the year (53 weeks) and the days near Christmas and New Year. The purpose of this analysis was to identify any changes in the deaths during this period. For the analysis of association between mortality and environmental variables were chosen two periods of the year: December 24 to January 1 and June 24 to July 2. Annual averages were calculated for each cause of death as well as each environmental variable from year to year. Test was used for the coefficient of correlation and linear regression to estimate associations. RESULTS: An excess of homicide in the period around Christmas and New Year was identified for males and total. Considering only the holiday (December 25 and January 1) the excess of homicide was 7.81 (p <0.01) for total deaths. Other ephemerides did not differ significantly from their respective control dates. The analysis of variance for the group of cardiovascular disease, identified a significant peak of deaths in winter. Suicide and homicide peaked in the warm seasons. Transport accident showed no definite pattern. Considering the day of the week, coronary heart disease showed an excess of deaths on Monday, heart failure on Tuesday. Stroke showed no definite pattern. Homicide and transport accident deaths were more frequent on weekends. Suicide peaks were on Sunday and Monday. Trend analysis identified a peak in the middle of the year, corresponding to winter, only to deaths from cardiovascular disease. Traffic accidents decreased during the Christmas and New Year. Considering the days near Christmas and New Year, no change was identified. In regression analysis, coronary heart disease was negatively associated with minimum temperatura and positively with NO2, for the total and male. CONCLUSION: We identified a significant spike of homicides in the Christmas and New Year, which can be partially explained by the theory of routine activity. The seasonality results consistent with the literature, ie, deaths from cardiovascular disease more common in winter, suicide and homicide in the summer. Regarding the day of the week have been identified differing results, as higher incidence of deaths from heart failure on Tuesdays and suicide on Sunday and Monday

This dissertation attempts to fill a void in early modern English drama studies by offering an in-depth, cross-gendered comparative study emphasizing representations of women’s discursive agency. Such an examination contributes to the continuing critical discussion regarding the nature and extent of women’s potential agency as speakers and writers in the period and also to recent attempts to integrate the few surviving dramas by women into the larger, male-dominated dramatic tradition. Because statements about the nature of women’s speech in the period were overwhelmingly male, I begin by establishing the richness and variety of women’s attitudes toward marriage and toward their speech relative to marriage through an examination of their first-person writings. A reassessment of the dominant paradigms of the shrew and the silent woman as presented in male-authored popular drama—including The Taming of the Shrew and Epicene—follows. Although these stereotypes are not without ambiguity, they nevertheless considerably flatten the contours of the historical patterns discernable in women’s lifewriting. As a result, female spectators may have experienced greater cognitive dissonance in reaction to the portrayals of women by boy actors. In spite of this, however, they may have borrowed freely from the occasional glimpses of newly emergent views of women readily available in the theater for their own everyday performances, as I argue in a discussion of The Shoemaker’s Holiday and The Roaring Girl. Close, cross-gendered comparison of two sets of similarly-themed plays follows: The Duchess of Malfi and The Tragedy of Mariam, and A Midsummer Night’s Dream and Love’s Victory. Here my examination reveals that the female writers’ critique of prevailing gender norms is more thorough than the male writers’ and that the emphasis on female characters’ material bodies, particularly their voices, registers the female dramatists’ dissatisfaction with the disfiguring representations of women on the maledominated professional stage. I end with a discussion of several plays by women—The Concealed Fancies, The Convent of Pleasure, and Bell in Campo—to illustrate the various revisions of marriage offered by each through their emphasis on gendered performance and, further, to suggest the importance of the woman writer’s contribution to the continuing dialectic about the nature of women and their speech.

La tesi presenta una descripció i reflexió històrica de les diferents iniciatives que en educació en el temps lliure s'han donat a la ciutat de Girona des de començament de segle XX fins a l'any 1981 quan té lloc el traspàs de competències en matèria de lleure i joventut a la Generalitat de Catalunya i des d'aquesta instància es realitza la primera normativa pel que fa a la constitució d'Escoles d'Educadors en el Lleure i es legisla també respecte a la formació de monitors i directors d'activitats de lleure infantil i juvenil. Les iniciatives son presentades a traves de tres grans capítols segons la instància promotora de cada activitat: L' administració (entenent per aquesta les diferents instancies de l'aparell administratiu públic a nivell municipal, provincial autonòmic o republicà i central), l'església (reduint-se en aquest cas a les iniciatives promogudes per l'església catòlica, majoritàriament a nivell diocesà, i en alguns casos a nivell parroquial) i finalment, la societat civil (entenent en aquest sector les iniciatives que han estat promogudes des del sector privat i de l'associacionisme). Des de cada un d'aquest grans sectors s'estudien les intervencions que amb una intencionalitat educativa clarament explícita s'han portat a la pràctica durant el temps lliure dels infants i joves gironins a través d'activitats i moviments coneguts com les colònies, els casals d'estiu, els campaments, l'escoltisme, etc. En cada una d'aquestes experiències analitzem les finalitats, la proposta metodològica, la formació dels responsables i els infants i joves que hi participen. A través d'aquesta recerca es pretén aportar un material que ajudi a configurar una petita part de la historia de l'educació no formal tot recuperant també un material vàlid per a la reflexió i teorització sobre l'educació en el temps lliure. Pel que fa a les iniciatives de l'administració sobresurten les obres que es promouen a nivell de l'Ajuntament de Girona: les colònies escolars municipals i les guarderies-casals municipals d'abans del franquisme, les colònies organitzades des de serveis socials durant la transició democràtica i la constitució i els primers passos de l'Àrea de Joventut. Es presenten també les iniciatives realitzades a la ciutat de Girona des d'altres instàncies: a nivell de la Diputació de Girona les colònies de la Llar Infantil a nivell provincial les colònies promogudes per la Delegación Pronvincial de Enseñanza Primaria de Gerona i pel que fa a l'administració central es presenta l'impacte de l'actuació que el moviment feixista del regim franquista va tenir a Girona a través del Frente de Juventudes, la Sección Femenina i la Organització Juvenil Espanyola. També en aquest capítol de l'administració es comenten les primeres actuacions de la Generalitat de Catalunya a Girona a partir de l'any 1981. En el capítol de l'església les obres que s'estudien són fonamentalment de caire diocesà. Hi trobem els Casals d'Estiu -obra genuïnament gironina-, l'Escoltisme Catòlic Català, la Federació de Joves Cristians i els Avantguardistes gironins, la Joventut d'Acció Catòlica, la Joventut Obrera Catòlica, el Moviment Infantil i Juvenil d'Acció Catòlica, Hora-3 i el Servei de Colònies de Vacances. Hi ha també l'estudi d'altres moviments al marge de la pastoral del bisbat. En aquest cas parlem de l'Oratori Festiu dels Salesians, la Congregació Mariana de Girona -amb els Lluïsos, els Estanislaus, eIs Montañeros de Santa Maria i l'Acolliment Centre de Joves- i els Exploradores de España de "La Salle". Tot plegat fa que la iniciativa de l'església sigui la mes àmplia i la protagonista de bona part del moviment d'educació en el lleure de la ciutat de Girona. Pel que fa a la iniciativa pròpia de la Societat Civil es molt més minsa i amb una incidència reduïda fonamentalment en dos períodes concrets: la II República i la transició i etapa democràtica. Amb tot, en el primer terç de segle trobem l'obra dels Exploradores de España, les Padrines de Girona i els Pomells de Joventut. També a finals dels anys vint cal parlar de la iniciativa de les Colònies Escolars a través del diari EI Autonomista. Durant la II Republica podem parlar Palestra i dels Minyons de Muntanya. En el trist període franquista sols cal parlar de dues iniciatives que malgrat no ser autènticament promogudes des de la societat civil, les hem presentat en aquest apartat. Es tracta dels casals de l'associació Amigos de los Niños i de les colònies del Patronato Escolar de Suburbios de Gerona. A partir de la transició democràtica neixen iniciatives esporàdiques amb voluntat de fer una tasca educativa en el temps lliure i és també en aquesta època quan s'estructura el moviment de Rialles a nivell dels Països Catalans. A través de la recerca es detecta una manca de propostes d'educació en el lleure per part de la societat civil. Sobresurt l'acció de l'església que ha sabut adaptar-se als diferents períodes socio-educatius exercint a través d'aquest àmbit diferents funcions: compensatòria, d'adoctrinament i control o de suplència. S'evidencia també com el temps lliure passa a ser considerat un àmbit plenament educatiu quan el carrer deixa de ser considerat un entorn negatiu a evitar i passa a ser entès com un espai educatiu a aprofitar. Pel que fa als participants, no es pot concretar a nivell general quina de les tres iniciatives és la mes popular o elitista. Hi ha experiències de tot tant per part de l'Administració, com de l'Església i també de la Societat Civil. Val a dir però, que les iniciatives promogudes des de l'administració municipal han estat majoritàriament properes a la població gironina més necessitada. També en aquest sentit cal ressaltar el treball realitzat des del bisbat a partir dels anys seixanta a través dels casals d'estiu i de les colònies de vacances. / The thesis presents a historical description of the various initiatives in leisure-time education which were carried out in the city of Girona during the current century up to the year 1981. The research begins with the first infant and the junior free-time activities which took place in this city, and analyses more than thirty different initiatives throughout the century until the year 1981, when the Generalitat de Catalunya (regional government of Catalonia) took charge of operations in this sector and formulated the first legislation concerning free-time schools and the training of monitors and head teachers. The historical research is presented in three main chapters which analyze the proposals and activities carried out by government (municipal, provincial, regional or national, the Catholic church (mainly at a diocesan level, but also through some parish initiatives) and civil society, combining in this last category those initiatives proposed by private bodies and by the associative movement. The research is especially focused on summer activities (schools, centers, camps, etc.) and studies, among other things, their aims, their methodological proposals, the training of staff, and the children and young people who participated. The intention is to contribute material which is valid for a deeper reflection on leisure-time education and which will help to configure a small part of the history on non-formal education.

The topic of this thesis is: Travel contracts according to the new Civil Code. The thesis consists of two parts - theoretical and practical. The theoretical part deals with the basic terms related to the tourism and it describes the consumer protection legislation in both the Czech Republic and the European Union. In the practical part, there is an analysis of some travel contracts (including the terms of a contract) of tour operators and travel agencies located in České Budějovice. This part also analyses the results which were obtained from the questionnaires intended for the customers of tour operators or travel agencies and for the tour operators and travel agencies.

My thesis aims at the function of breakfast and after school clubs based on children's, parents and supervisors' views. The quantitative research took place in three different clubs in three different local primary schools, and the other part of the qualitative research is based on semi structured interviews with 5 different after school members of staff. The theoretical part of my thesis analyses the topic free time before and after school and two concrete sociological researches. Furthermore it describes the function of before and after school clubs based on Pavkova and Hajek literature. The next part is aimed at supervisors' and family function. The last part of my theoretical thesis is aimed at pupils milestones at primary schools. The practical part is devided into qualitative and quantitative research. In the quantitative research the questionnaires for parents and children have been analysed and seen in tables and grafs. The research questions aim at to find out what is perceived as the most important function of before and after school clubs and what they liked to be improved. The qualitative part is aimed at analysing a semi-structured questionnaire. It aims at supervisors' purpose, relationships between them and the parents, relationships between the pupils and members of staff.