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<p>Detta arbete har två olika delar som behandlats på olika sätt. Inledningsvis har dagssituationen för teknikämnet i grundskolan kartlagts. Bland resultaten återfinns ett samband mellan behöriga tekniklärare samt de lärare som själva valt att undervisa i teknik, och intresset för ämnet teknik. De behöriga tekniklärarna återfinner vi framförallt i de större städerna. I den största gruppen lärare som undervisar i teknik, No lärarna, har endast tio procent valt att undervisa i ämnet själv. I övriga ämnen finns det någon slags agenda, men teknikundervisningen bedrivs utan ordentliga riktlinjer och utan garanterad undervisningstid.</p><p>Andra delen av arbetet har undersökt en tänkbar framtid för teknikämnet i grundskolan. Samtalsintervjuer med fyra personer som fått ge sin personliga syn på vad man borde ha i tankarna när man planerar framtidens teknikundervisning. Några gemensamma ståndpunkter är att teknikämnet är viktigt för att förstå vår samtid och vår framtid. Teknik handlar om att lösa problem och skall hjälpa till att föda ett intresse för teknik och naturvetenskap. Sist men inte minst tycker man att ämnet är för lågt prioriterat.</p> / <p>This work has two different parts that has been treated in different ways. Initially, the present situation for the subject Technology in primary and lower secondary school has been monitored in a survey. Among the results, a correlation between authorized Technology teachers and the teachers that chose to teach Technology and the interest for Technology was found. The authorized Technology teachers are primarily found in the major cities. Among the majority of teachers that teach Technology, the Natural Science teachers, only ten percents choose to teach Technology them self. In other subjects, there is a curriculum, but the Technology education is carried out without proper guidelines or guarantees for a minimum time of education.</p><p>The second part of this work is looking into a possible future for the subject Technology in primary and lower secondary school. Four persons gave their personal views on what one should have in mind when planning the Technology education of the future. Some common positions are that Technology is important in order to understand our present and our future. Technology is about solving problems and should help to create an interest in technology and natural science. Last but not least the subject Technology is not prioritized.</p>

Detta arbete har två olika delar som behandlats på olika sätt. Inledningsvis har dagssituationen för teknikämnet i grundskolan kartlagts. Bland resultaten återfinns ett samband mellan behöriga tekniklärare samt de lärare som själva valt att undervisa i teknik, och intresset för ämnet teknik. De behöriga tekniklärarna återfinner vi framförallt i de större städerna. I den största gruppen lärare som undervisar i teknik, No lärarna, har endast tio procent valt att undervisa i ämnet själv. I övriga ämnen finns det någon slags agenda, men teknikundervisningen bedrivs utan ordentliga riktlinjer och utan garanterad undervisningstid. Andra delen av arbetet har undersökt en tänkbar framtid för teknikämnet i grundskolan. Samtalsintervjuer med fyra personer som fått ge sin personliga syn på vad man borde ha i tankarna när man planerar framtidens teknikundervisning. Några gemensamma ståndpunkter är att teknikämnet är viktigt för att förstå vår samtid och vår framtid. Teknik handlar om att lösa problem och skall hjälpa till att föda ett intresse för teknik och naturvetenskap. Sist men inte minst tycker man att ämnet är för lågt prioriterat. / This work has two different parts that has been treated in different ways. Initially, the present situation for the subject Technology in primary and lower secondary school has been monitored in a survey. Among the results, a correlation between authorized Technology teachers and the teachers that chose to teach Technology and the interest for Technology was found. The authorized Technology teachers are primarily found in the major cities. Among the majority of teachers that teach Technology, the Natural Science teachers, only ten percents choose to teach Technology them self. In other subjects, there is a curriculum, but the Technology education is carried out without proper guidelines or guarantees for a minimum time of education. The second part of this work is looking into a possible future for the subject Technology in primary and lower secondary school. Four persons gave their personal views on what one should have in mind when planning the Technology education of the future. Some common positions are that Technology is important in order to understand our present and our future. Technology is about solving problems and should help to create an interest in technology and natural science. Last but not least the subject Technology is not prioritized.

DIPLOMOVÁ PRÁCE Project teaching on the regional history of the town of Dobříš in the 20th century Gita Otavová Abstract Diploma thesis deals with the project teaching and regional history of the town of Dobříš. The research part of the thesis contains proposal of project teaching on the topic of the history of the town of Dobříš in the 20th century. Pupils explored regional history of the town and architecture and regional monuments located in the town and it is surroundings especially. Pupils revealed how these sites have changed during the 20th century. They compared the history development with the present situation of the buildings. They explored for example the castle of Vargač, the chateau of Dobříš, so-called Cultural House, House and Gym of Sokol Association, secondary school building and Kopáček's house. Key words Regional history, projects methods, history teaching at lower-secondary school, town of Dobříš, 20th century

The purpose of this study is to show how some of primary teachers and support teachers in middle and lower secondary school, with help from special education advice and support, create conditions for learning for integrated students with intellectual disability. The research questions in the study are, how can special advice be arranged in the form of a network? What questions may be in focus for teachers and support teachers who teach student with intellectual disability? How does the teachers and support teacher reasons at the implementation of special advice. An research overview of the field within the field of inclusion of students with intellectual disability was done.  The theoretical approach is based on Dillons seven elements of curriculum, which form an educational context. The seven categories are: teacher, student, subject, environment, activity and result. The study has a qualitative approach. The method which has been used in the study is qualitative interviews. The study includes interviews with a principal, a special education teacher, primary teachers and support teachers. The principal and the special teacher were interviewed with the purpose to find out the thoughts behind the recently started network in the township, for regular schools who educate students with intellectual disabilities who are integrated. The analysis of the data conducted by separating the answers in different categories. These categories were created from Dillons seven elements of curriculum, which were clustered into three themes.   The result indicates that the teachers and support teachers have a positive attitude towards teaching students with intellectual disability in primary school. It is also indicates that the primary teachers and support teachers have a large need for support in the form of special education advice. Support needed in various ways, but particularly when it comes to discussing thoughts and ideas, adjusting material and finding an appropriate level of teaching.

This dissertation is focused on the possibilities of using the Internet, especially Internet servers that are focused on English learning, teaching and also practice for lower secondary school learners. One of the aims was to find such servers, to compare and assess them, not only from the didactic point of view. Other aspects have been studied - functionality, orientation in the structure of the internet servers. The text and content of the web pages were also taken into consideration. Another criterion is the utilization of these internet servers by teachers and learners. The aim of this dissertation is to give advice to teachers and learners which servers are appropriate to English teching and learning. The practical part includes a survey based on questionnaires among lower secondary school learners. Its aim is to find out whether they already know and use such servers.

The thesis Experience in teaching Czech language at lower-secondary school is focused on the implementation of experiential learning into the Czech language teaching. The thesis consists of two parts. The theoretical part describes the main principles and methods of experiential learning and their use in the context of the Czech language teaching. The practical part presents actual lesson plans, in which principles and methods are used. The lesson plans are focused on teaching communication and acquiring active knowledge of Czech syntax, lexicology and semantics. Based on the experience of implementing of activities in teaching Czech language at the 6th grade of lower-secondary school, the author of the thesis explains importance of the experience in Czech language teaching. The results show the experience could be used effectively in the Czech teaching methodology.

This diploma thesis deals with the number line as a tool to improve pupil's understanding of various mathematical concepts, structures, properties and algorithms. The aim of the thesis is to determine how are lower secondary pupils able to use the number line and to connect findings with the content of their textbooks. The thesis consists of a theoretical and a practical part. The theoretical part introduces the topic of number line, deals with the problems used for testing in the Czech Republic and presents several researches on this topic. The theoretical part, together with the analysis of current state of the number line usage in teaching, serves as a basis for an experimental investigation that is covered in the practical part. After a pilot testing with 19 pupils, the main testing was conducted in 7 classes of two Prague primary schools. The total of 156 pupils participated in the main testing and 8 of the pupils were later interviewed about their tests. The results are presented in the practical part. It turned out that there is a correspondence between textbook content and pupils' errors while working with number line and that pupils struggle with representing of fractions on the number line. In the conclusion some recommendation for teachers were put forward concerning the usage of the...

The aim of this essay is to analyze the portrayal of the Romani people in 23 history textbooks marketed towards the Swedish lower secondary school between the years 1964–2014, but also which uses of history emerge from within these descriptions. During this period, the curriculum has passed through five different stages with varying approaches towards ethnic minorities. The method used to compare different textbooks, passages and time-periods was a qualitative and comparative content analysis based on a model by Professor Lennart Hellspong. This was supported by a theoretical framework focused around the typologies of uses of history by Professor Klas-Göran Karlsson. The findings show that Romani people are portrayed in similar themes or contexts over different curriculum-stages and many of the written passages focuses on the victimization and mistreatment of Romani by either Swedish or international actors. A comprehensive account of an objective and cultural history is only found in a few of the most current textbooks. The Romani and their history are often overlooked in favor of the majority society’s historical narrative if not a specific duty is charged towards their inclusion in the schools control documents. In the year 2000 the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities was ratified by the Swedish government and the subsequent revision of the curriculum made this inclusion a permanent fixture. However, some textbooks keep minority history brief and unsatisfying. The uses of history regarding Romani people vary over time and appear to be subject to the overarching sociopolitical landscape. An excluding and existential nationalistic narrative is identified to be common during the 1960’s but transforms towards a more including variety over time. Non-use and political-pedagogical use are both partial in varying degrees during all the curriculum-periods coupled with a perceived scientific presentation of historical facts, but not scientific use of history. The current curriculum introduces a widely moral and conciliatory use of history. This study confirms earlier research to an extent, but at the same time it extends to focus on the Romani people, a wider variety of books and a longer time-period compared with earlier studies on the subject. The findings open the possibility for future research on other Swedish or international minorities – or the Romani from other methodological or theoretical standpoints.

Education for sustainable development is one of the more important tasks that the school has according to the National Agency for Education. Education for sustainable development is included in several subjects syllabi, including the subject technology. As previous research has shown, many young people feel a strong concern for the future due to climate change and the consequences this has for their future. This study examines how the theme of sustainable development is presented in today's technology teaching materials. The study also seeks answers to the question of whether the content of teaching materials regarding sustainability issues is designed in a way that provides the tools to develop active citizenship in these issues. The results show that there are clear differences in how different teaching materials deal with the theme and how much space it gets. It also shows that the greatest focus is on the ecological aspects such as resource management, greenhouse effect and climate impact, something that is in line with the general discussion in today's media. The design of text sections and assignments to large extent encourages the active participation of students in the form of research, discussions and forming opinions. It can be considered as a way to provide young people with the necessary tools to be able to respond to and take a stand on sustainability issues when faced with them in the future. / Undervisning för hållbar utveckling är ett av de viktigare uppdragen som skolan har enligt Skolverket. Den ingår i flera ämnens kursplaner, inklusive den för ämnet teknik. Eftersom tidigare forskning har visat att många ungdomar känner en stark oro inför framtiden på grund av klimatförändringarna och vilka konsekvenser de har för deras framtid genomfördes denna studie som undersöker hur tema hållbar utveckling framställs i dagens läromedel för ämnet teknik. Studien söker dessutom efter svar på frågan om läromedlens innehåll angående hållbarhetsfrågor är utformade så att eleverna får verktygen till att utveckla ett aktivt förhållningssätt i dessa frågor. Resultatet visar att det finns tydliga skillnader i hur olika läromedel behandlar temat och hur stort utrymme det får. Det visar också att störst fokus ligger på de ekologiska aspekterna som resursförvaltning, växthuseffekt och klimatpåverkan, något som ligger i linje med den allmänna diskussionen i dagens media. Utformningen av textavsnitt och övningsuppgifter uppmanar i stor utsträckning till ett aktivt deltagande av eleverna i form av forskning, diskussioner och ställningstagande. Det kan anses vara en väg till att ge ungdomar de nödvändiga verktygen för att kunna bemöta och ta ställning till hållbarhetsfrågor när de ställs inför dem i framtiden.