The purpose of this thesis is to do a qualitative content analysis, with queer theory as a starting point, of the Swedish Migration Agency’s judicial stance regarding the procedure of assessing reliability and credibility as well as judicial stance regarding the investigation and examination of the forthcoming risk of persons claiming protection due to sexual orientation, gender identity or gender expressions. To conduct this analysis one research question were formulated: How can one from a theoretical perspective analyze the Swedish Migration Agency's method of assessing whether a person is likely to belong to the LGBTQI group? The study’s theoretical theorems are cumulated from Fanny Ambjörnsson’s book ”What is queer?” and six categories and themes were chosen to use as tools during the content analysis of the selected judicial stances. These six categories and themes are; the value of the language, the desire or the habit of classifying people, normalization, heteronormativity, silence and visibility as well as stereotyping. The study showed that comprise criticism can be directed towards the Swedish Migration Agency's method of assessing whether a person is likely to belong to the LGBTQI group and towards the procedure of assessing a asylum seekers reliability and credibility.

What are borders? Walls, fences, barbed wires, sovereignty markers, nationalities, symbols, cultures, religions, skin colours, prejudices… Where are borders? In reality, in jurisdiction, in our minds, on maps, in citizenship, inside our bodies, in our gaze… What do borders do? Define, separate, exclude, include, discriminate, hurt, rape, reduce… The concept of borders is complex and it represents paradoxes such as visible - invisible, reinforcing - weakening, inclusion - exclusion and legal - illegal. In this essay borders are treated from a political philosophical perspective with arguments drawn mainly from the theorists Étienne Balibar, Wendy Brown and Shahram Khosravi. The case is analysed and illustrated by empirical data from mass media reporting. Borders, both visible and invisible, contain a powerful symbolism and affect us as individuals, groups and society. Discussing borders makes weaknesses of the human rights system visible. Borders might affect people's ability to gain access to universal human rights. Where and why do we mark borders and who gets be in or out?

Swedens exports arms to Pakistan despite the existence of laws and conventions on what specific countries must achieve in order to meet the criteria for being exported to. In a realpolitik perspective, this study will deepen and investigate how the Swdish government can approve an arms export to Pakistan and how human rights are violated in Pakistan. In 2018, a munitions law was added and come into force. The law would include an impediment to exports to countries with a dubious democratic status or where human rights are violated. A determination has made that i conditions are given for the Swedish state to grant a permit for arms to exports to Pakistan that seriously violates human rights, a complete assessment has made and decisions made with meaning that the political interests priorities are valued higher than the interests of human rights.

På fem månader har det inkommit 3389 anmälningar om barn som bevittnat våld mellan närstående. Lagen som kriminaliserar exponerandet av våld och brott inför barn heter barnfridsbrott och började att gälla den 1 juli 2021. I en undersökning som SVT presenterade 19 december 2021, framgår det att 195 av anmälningarna har lett till åtal.1Utmärkande för barn som bevittnar våld i nära relationer är att en närstående till barnet utsätter en annan närstående för våld eller brott. Detta innebär att barnet både står nära en gärningsman i anknytning och ett offer. Kombinationen av detta skadar inte endast tilliten och tryggheten hos personerna som barnet söker omsorg hos, utan leder till långsiktiga konsekvenser för barnets hälsa.2I FN konventionen om barnets rättigheter framgår det en nolltolerans av våld mot barn. Eftersom konventionen är inkorporerad in i svensk lag sedan 1 januari 20203, infaller konventionens förpliktelser den svenska staten. Ett sätt att skydda barn från att utsättas för våld är genom att införa lagstiftningsåtgärder som är förenliga med principen om barnets bästa. Utifrån ett barnrättsperspektiv kan den gällande rätten för barn som upplever våld och brott kritiseras. Detta med anledning av att rekvisitet bevittna är för snävt för att omfatta barns olika upplevelser av våld.I Sverige lever det ca 210 000 barn med våld i hemmet.4 Gemensamt för dessa barn är att de tilltar olika strategier för att handskas med våldets konsekvenser. I de fall där våldet blivit en del av vardagen, är det inte ovanligt för barn att sätta på sig hörlurar för att slippa höra mammas skrik. I utredningen till det föreslagna barnfridsbrottet resonerade regeringen kring detta. Att barns upplevelser av våld ofta är präglade av överlevnadsstrategier som gör att barn varken ser eller hör våldet. Trots detta är en förutsättning för straffbestämmelsen att barnet har bevittnat den brottsliga gärningen.

The thesis of this essay explores if there is a causation in youth (15-25 years) partnerrelationships between pornography consumption and sexual violence. The analysis includedperspectives of human rights, gender and consent. It has also been examined how to counteractthese issues and who’s responsibility it is to do so. These questions have been asked to sevenprofessionals in non-profit organizations through an interview study. A survey with 19-yearolds in high school about their experiences with pornography and sexual violence was alsomade. Because of low participation in the survey only part of it will be shown in the analysis.To process all the data of the studies, theories of gender and consent have been used. The resultsshowed that youths that contacts the non-profit organisations feel that they need to do whateversexual act that their partner wants them to. They could not always see themselves thatpornography was affecting their relationships and that the acts they were forced to do wasinspired from pornography. The questions asked to the youths played a role in how much of acausation the organisations could see. Pornography is not the only reason that sexual violencehas increased among youths, there are other things contributing, like how the whole society isvery sexualized and is very tolerant to violence in general. The youths had a hard timedetermining what sexual violence is and how complex consent is. Gender norms put pressureon them to act a certain way in their partner relationships and talk a special way about violence,sex and pornography. To see the causation, you need to have the knowledge about violence,gender and how to talk to youths. We cannot stop the use of pornography, but we can learn howto talk to young people about it and work pre-emptive to prevent more issues to evolve. Sexualviolence is a rights issue, but those rights that protect you from violence is not helpful inrestricting pornography. Conventions can be used to put more pressure on the state of Swedento act against these issues. Harmful standards must be prevented and there needs to be supportand openness to talk to youths about these issues.

Sportswashing is a process of trying to improve a state’s reputation via sport. A state which systematically infringe on its citizens human rights has, more than likely, a bad reputation internationally, something that it tries to alter by drawing attention to sports related events.The desirable result which sportswashing is meant to accomplish is the minimisation of, or the distraction away from the human rights violation. Ultimately, the responsibility is on the sportswashing state, but according to earlier research sportswashing has two unintended consequences, namely 1) it corrupts sport and its innate values, 2) it makes people involved in sports in different ways complicit in human rights violations. Therefore, everyone has a moral responsibility to counteract sportswashing. The purpose of this master thesis is to establish how the responsibility for sportswashing should be distributed. The media and earlier research claims that athletes have a responsibility to counteract sportswashing. This paper formulates two questions regarding moral responsibility and sportswashing: 1) To what extent do athletes have a moral responsibility to counteract sportswashing? 2) to what extent do sports organizations have a moral responsibility to counteract sportswashing? To answer these questions 27 media articles were analysed by an analysis of argumentation, this to establish claims to why or why not athletes or sports organizations have a moral responsibility to counteract sportswashing. The following step of the analysis was the critical analysis of the claim’s logic plausibility, its tenability, and lastly its normative plausibility. The results indicate that sports organizations have the moral responsibility, although the athletes are not morally responsible for sportswashing, they are responsible for their participation in moral wrong that sportswashing produces. Therefore, if or when, sports organizations are unwilling to or unable to counteract sportswashing, athletes have a moral responsibility to put pressure on these organizations and oppose the social norms and values that condone sportswashing. The amount of responsibility that an athlete will receive will be based on the power to act, which is established by analysing an athlete’s power capital, i.e. economic power, cultural standing, political power, and lastly, discursive influence.

From the very beginning, there were negative reactions when Qatar and Russia were chosento host a FIFA World Cup each. The criticism against both World Cups grew over time,thanks in no small part due to how migrant workers building the stadiums in both countrieswere treated. The purpose of this thesis has been to examine whether or not Edward Said'stheory of postcolonialism and Imannuel Wallerstein's theory on civilization in eurocentrismhave played a part in how the Swedish media chose to cover both World Cups. In this thesis,the two biggest newspapers in Sweden, “Aftonbladet” and “Dagens Nyheter” were used inthe analysis. The method used was a comparative case study, in which articles and quotesregarding Qatar and Russia were compared and then analyzed. The analysis revealed that,although these theories and stereotypes could have played a role in how the Swedish mediareported on the World Cups, the results were inconclusive, meaning that no conclusion onwhether postcolonial or eurocentric stereotypes played a role in the media coverage could beconfirmed.

En av de största bristerna i företags hållbarhetsrapportering är upplysningar om mänskliga rättigheter, samtidigt finns det ett allt större tryck från investerare att företag ska respektera mänskliga rättigheter längs hela värdekedjan. Vidare har majoriteten av de studier som undersöker vilken påverkan olika typer av hållbarhetsupplysningar har på investerare, undersökt det ur ett professionellt investerarperspektiv. Icke-professionella investerare får dock allt större inflytande och det är därför intressant att undersöka hur information om mänskliga rättigheter och dess utformning påverkar denna grupps beslutsfattande. Denna studie undersöker detta genom en experimentstudie. Studien är utförd i Sverige på ekonomistudenter och har 340 deltagare. Resultatet i studien tyder på att icke-professionella investerares prestationsbedömning och investeringsbeslut i företag påverkas av människorättslig information, främst om information är negativ och presenteras på ett numeriskt sätt.

The usage of pre-border control in order to prevent migration flows outside a state’s territory is a common phenomenon. Extraterritorial migration regulation and management is a top priority within the EU today and often settled through different kinds of bilateral agreements between receiving states and third countries. The results of these agreements, that allow interception of migrant boats in the Mediterranean Sea and different kinds of push-back measures, are however deeply concerning. Due to the violations of human rights and abuses of migrants in Libya the UNHCR has underlined that the country cannot be considered a safe place for the disembarkation of these people. In light of the state responsibility to protect human life at sea and respect the prohibition of refoulement, these extraterritorial measures may constitute violations of international refugee law and human rights law. The aim of this essay is to explore the extent of the principle of non-refoulement with regard to the obligation of states to rescue people in distress at sea and deliver them to a place of safety. In particular I examine the possible ways of extra-territorial jurisdiction in the high seas to determine whether states can be held responsible for returning – or more commonly in recent years for providing financial, technical and operative support in order to return – migrants to Libya. The study shows that Italy, through its cooperation with the Libyan coastguard, may be in breach of the principle of non-refoulement despite the lack of direct and physical control over the people concerned. Further it affirms that the prohibition on refoulement may have substantial significance in the assessment of the concept “place of safety”.

Human rights are a relatively modern term that has a key role in our globalized society. Before human rights were developed, European colonialism was dominating the world arena and the rights that came with it. However, when human rights were established after World War 2 and it’s atrocities, decolonization began through social movements demanding independence and the rights they sought after. Throughout the twentieth century, human rights have been implemented in most countries and laws that protect human life against discrimination of ethnicity, culture, religion and gender, which also pervades the school's activities. In schools human rights have become an increasingly dependent resource to protect the rights for children but also adults. One subject that is highly affected by human rights is history when reflecting upon the treatment of indigenous people historically. When reading history it is important to source and corroborate sources in order to understand historical views and policies in order to connect them to the present. At the same time, empathy and judgment have become an increasing way of viewing history. According to a study made by Thomas Nygren, some students in Sweden tend to ignore historical views and place their own views of what's right and wrong historically connected to empathy and judgment. The consequence of viewing history through personal opinions or only referring to modern standards, may decrease historical consciousness and exclude critical thinking. To understand the school's foundation of values ​​and governing documents, colonialism is an essential historical area to make sense of the past, present and future. It may change the perception of what today's students think of how human rights has grown throughout history, and in turn affected our school system and society.