This study includes an analysis of a limited number of images from today (1999-2016), to see which family constellations are represented in them. The purpose of the study is to see which family constellations children in pre-school age can identify with. Narratological method is what I have used in this study, which I based on Nikolajevas (2000) and Kårelands (2015) books with their theories and concepts of picture books. In addition, I have also used a norm-critical perspective to see what standards are reflected in children´s literature. In the research overview, previous research has been described, where Gallo (1997) argues that single families have increased, which shows a change in children´s literature and the nuclear family reduced their representation in picture books. My studies results show further change in children´s litterature, where there are still more representations of family constellations in the present time compared to Gallo. My conclusion from this study is that there are several family constellations in picture books that children can identify with, given the community´s developed family constellations. / Denna studie innefattar en analys av ett begränsat antal bilderböcker från nutid (1999-2016), för att se vilka familjekonstellationer som representeras i dem. Syftet med studien är att se vilka familjekonstellationer som barn i förskoleåldern kan identifiera sig med. Narratologisk metod är det som jag har använt i denna studie där jag utgår ifrån Nikolajevas (2000)och Kårelands (2015) böcker med deras teorier och begrepp om bilderböcker. Därtill jag har även använt mig av normkritiskt perspektiv för att se vilka normer som speglas i barnlitteraturen. I Forskningsöversikten finns tidigare forskning beskriven, där Gallo (1997)menar att singelfamiljerna ökat, vilket visar en förändring i barnlitteraturen och att kärnfamiljen minskat sin representation i bilderböcker. Min studies resultat visar ytterligare förändring i barnlitteraturen, där det finns än fler representationer av familjekonstellationer i nutid jämfört med Gallo. Min slutsats från studien är att det finns flera olika familjekonstellationer i bilderböcker som barn kan identifiera sig med, med tanke på samhällets utvecklade familjekonstellationer.

Intertextualitet är begreppet som beskriver hur alla texter är sammankopplade, och om Mieke Bal definierar en text till en sluten samling av språkliga tecken är allt som någonsin skapats sammankopplat. Detta arbete har utförts för att undersöka möjligheterna intertextuella referenser har för att utveckla skrivmetoder för narrativt drivna Casual Games. En undersökning gjordes genom att en kopia av ett etablerat Casual spel fylldes med referenser som sedan spelades av två grupper med respondenter. Deltagarna fick besvara en enkät innan de spelade artefakten och fick delta i en intervju efteråt. Resultatet av undersökningen visade att spelare är fullt kapabla att uppfatta ett brett spektrum av olika former av referenser. Den visade dessutom att spelare med bred kunskap om andra texter har en större tendens att skapa kopplingar mellan två berättelser som delar på ett händelseförlopp. Undersökningen visade dessutom att inga spelare kunde uppfatta en komplett tolkning av två parallella historier. För att svara på hur detta kan uppnås måste mer ingående och långdragen forskning ta plats som kan påverka, många fler, spelare under en längre tid.

The aim of analyzing Fyodor Dostoevsky’s Crime and Punishment and Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness is to study the symbolic undertones of each work from a Jungian psychoanalytical perspective. My thesis revolves around the archetypical story of man versus himself, that is to say, man versus psyche: his own demons personified as a reflection of nature and therefore the environment. The bulk of the analysis is described using narratological tools. By doing a close reading report I compare how the inner processes of the two novels’ protagonists are presented, in both imagery and style, using Aristoteles’ terminology in accordance with Gerald Prince’s definitions. The Jungian model and the concept of the shadow archetype is put into play in correspondence with Aristotelian terms such as anagnorisis and catharsis, where the chosen point of view (or focalization) is also discussed in its relationship to the psyche, characters and setting. The analysis leads me to conclude that the discussed archetypical themes found in the novels are used to portray an essential part of human existence. A recognizable pattern arises once we delve into and reflect upon the encounter with the unknown darkness (or shadow) that eventually leads to a newfound wisdom (catharsis).

In the thesis, the authors investigate how the women in the videogame Grand Theft Auto V are being portrayed in three different walkthrough videos on YouTube. With the aid of theorist Mieke Bal and her narratology terms, the authors of the thesis can examine the characters. The academic theories used for the thesis are gender, representation, videogame and the male gaze, as well as narratology. The issues being handled in this study are meant to answer how the portrayal of women characters are, and how the different portrayals differ from the represented characters. The third issue describes how women are being treated by the protagonists in the videogame. Over the course of the study, the authors found that the majority of the characters are described as flat in the videogame, and maintains a stereotypical image. This stereotypical portrayal commence from sexual references and treatment from the protagonists. However, a few characters can be described as round. These characters develops with time. There are also examples from the study that shows that there are characters who portray a dominant personality, therefore breaking the common pattern.

I en narratologisk studie granskas spatialitet i skönlitterär prosatext. I texten undersöks några spatiala nivåer som kan länkas till extradiegetisk berättarinstans och "normal" perception kontra drömmar och visioner hos karaktärer inom diegesen. Till den narratologiska studien kopplas undersökningsmodeller hämtade från det som med en paraplyterm kallas kognitiv poetik och som behandlar både den litterära texten och läsarens perception och kognition i läsprocessen. I studien berörs också den fiktiva berättelsen betraktad som "värld" ur ett litteraturteoretiskt och filosofiskt resonemang kring begreppen "actual world", "possible worlds" och "fictional worlds".  Det övergripande syftet är att förklara hur text och läsarkognition samspelar för att skapa mentala, rumsliga "bilder" hos läsaren, bilder som kan skifta mellan olika läsare och som resulterar i den berättelsens "värld" som läsaren upplever. Som grundtexter i avhandlingsarbetet används Eyvind Johnsons Krilonsvit.

The purpose of this study is to create design principles for the production of manuscript to e-learning. The work aims to survey the process of producing manuscript for e-learning in its full form, as well the production on writing specific tutorials.   This study is regarding both the aspect on how to convey a message for a specific audience and how to present it based on theories from the fields of Information Design. Theories in Rhetorics and Narratology as well as principles for Multimedia Learning will be applied to results gained from empirical data produced through interviews. Hopefully, this will result in an applicable synthesis of design principles for collecting and arranging subjects into an e-learning that is user-friendly and accessible.   The work is based on an information design issue at the Stockholm based Hospitality and Culinary school Restaurangakademien. The issue derives from the fact that Restaurangakademien is at a start up stage in implementing e-learning to its range of courses. With no previous experience from the field the problem is how to get started and by which methods. If this survey will be able to produce anything useful, it means information design has made a little contribution in developing e-learning.

Målet med denna uppsats är att först med hjälp av hamartia som det definierats avAristoteles finna svar på frågan ”varför dör de här specifika Game of Throneskaraktärerna?” för att komma fram till vilken lärdom som går att hämta fråndödens användande i Game of Thrones. I analysen uppdagades tre olika hamartiaför de tre respektive karaktärer som undersöktes och utifrån dessa fann uppsatsenatt en hamartia med ursprung ur ung blind naivitet starkt hjälpte till att öka denupplevda tragedin. Samtidigt bedömdes det i slutsatsen att hamartia bör snarast sessom en välfungerande berättarform istället för en vattentät berättarformel

Doktor Glas by the Swedish author Hjalmar Söderberg, was published over a hundred years ago, in 1905 in Sweden. Söderberg received both praise and criticism, the latter getting more attention because of the novel's unethical plot about a doctor that murders his patient to save the woman he secretly adores. The aim of this essay is to examine the novel's character description in terms of narrative approach, and the effect it is likely to have on the reader. My theory is that Söderberg "plants" affect and emotion into the character description of the protagonist Glas, and I use narratology as a method to support this theory. In my analysis I present different approaches and techniques that Söderberg uses to portray the novel's main character in order to ensure that Glas will be impossible to categorize psychologically – is he evil, is he good? The description of him makes it impossible to know and it challenges the readers perception of him. My conclusion is that Glas, due to Söderberg's narrative techniques, has become an insoluble riddle that still, a hundred yars after the publication of the novel, fascinates the Swedish literary world.

The aim of this thesis is to study literature education using a tabletop role-playing game (TRPG) and in particular which knowledge about narratives that role-players have potential to develop during game sessions. In addition, the objective is to explore the use of the informal learning environment characterised by the TRPG medium, and provide suggestions on how teachers in Swedish upper secondary school can incorporate and further develop narrative knowledge in formal literature education. The empirical material consists of the Swedish TRPG Symbaroum – Rollspelet by Mattias Johnsson and Mattias Lilja (2018) and the tutorial adventure ’Det förlovade landet’. The analysis is based on theories on defining narrative in linear and interactive fiction, literature theory on aesthetic response and the unfinished text, and how participative narratives are created in participatory cultures. The results show that the empirical material provides a framework for a distinct plot based on a set of key events, and in order to actualize this plot the players must fill the gaps and connect the key events with intentional, narrative substance. This participative activity requires that players use their existing narrative knowledge to expand and explore the Symbaroum text universe, and can constitute an environment for narrative knowledge development and acquisition. The study also shows that literature education in Swedish upper secondary school, with inspiration from the completed study, has the potential to highlight the students role as narrative creators and promote participatory learning and creativity.

Syftet med föreliggande studie var att undersöka den didaktiska potential som finns i romanen Molnfri Bombnatt i syfte att arbeta med skolans värdegrund i svenskämnet på gymnasiet. I studien har en tematisk och narratologisk analys gjorts, vilket visat att det finns flera didaktiska infallsvinklar att använda sig av i sin undervisning för att motverka antisemitism och för att arbeta med värdegrundsfrågor. Romanen innehåller en komplex narrativ struktur och behandlar flertalet motiv som kan kopplas till temat antisemitism. Som elev finns flertalet möjligheter för igenkänning i romanen, vilket kan skapa en inkörsport till en förståelse för andra människor. Romanen har stor didaktisk potential för värdegrundsarbetet i svenskämnet i gymnasieskolan.