I den här studien undersöks hur vägledning av nyanlända elever på grundskolan går till utifrån ett vägledarperspektiv. Undersökningen är förlagd till grundskolor i Stockholms stad som har förberedelseklasser på högstadienivå. Genom en kvalitativ metod har studie- och yrkesvägledare intervjuats om arbetssätt, syn på användande av tolk vid samtal och hur de själva ser på sina styrkor och svagheter som vägledare. Resultatet visar att i de flesta fall blir det samtal som är baserade på information istället för vägledning. Informationen handlar om IVIK och vägen dit. Vägledarna upplever att det finns svårigheter i samtalen som kan handla om okunskap om olika kulturer och om vägledarens egna fördomar. Resultatet visar dock att vägledarna anser sig ha många av de egenskaper som de tycker att en vägledare ska ha i samtal med nyanlända elever. Det är bland annat empati, vara bra på att lyssna och ha förmågan att visa respekt för alla elever oavsett bakgrund.

Denna uppsats syfte är att undersöka hur man arbetar med nyanlända elever i en förberedelseklass i en söderförort i Stockholm och hur detta stämmer överens med styrdokumenten och Skolverkets mål och riktlinjer för nyanlända elever. För att uppnå detta syfte har det gjorts två kvalitativa forskningsintervjuer med två förberedelseklass lärare varv en veckas strukturerad icke deltagande observationer i förberedelseklassen. Skolverket har format mål och riktlinjer för de nyanlända eleverna som ska fungera som en läroplan för dessa elever. Det har visat sig i studien att även om Skolverket säger att man ska ta hänsyn till varje nyanländ elevs bakgrund, tidigare erfarenhet, kunskap och språk är det inte lika lätt att göra detta i praktiken. Det har även framkommit att det är svårt att utgå från Skolverkets mål och riktlinjer när det gäller alla nyanlända elever eftersom eleverna i förberedelseklassen kommer från olika förhållanden. Huvudresultatet för studien är att man i den undersökta skolans förberedelseklass försöker följa Skolverkets mål och riktlinjer med de resurser som skolan har för att få det bästa resultatet. Man utgår även från att arbeta med den enskilda individen beroende på vad den har med sig för upplevelser från sitt hemland och beroende på vart den befinner sig i sin utveckling.

We are living in a multicultural society where people from other countries and other cultures are coming to Sweden, including children. Regardless of reasons why these students have come to Sweden, it is common that they are newly arrived and have to learn a second language, in this case Swedish. This will be a challenge, opportunities and difficulties for the student, students’ families and for the school and their staff. The purpose of this essay has been to illumine the teaching methods, models and what materials are used by teachers today to contribute to the best possible second language learning for newly arrived students. In this essay the focus has been on one theory and several model-based approaches. I have used qualitative methods where I did both observations and interviews. The observations took place in six different teaching opportunities in two different schools and classes. The interviews were done by two teachers in two different schools. The result showed that teachers were more inventive compared to the theory. The teachers chose to produce their own material often instead of using ready material, which meant that they could adapt the material to match the students’ level in the class. The result also showed that the Southern school was working with an intercultural approach and was active with the students’ teachers for the mother language compared with the Northern school. In both schools the teachers was working with the perspective of newly arrived pupils with Swedish as second language and that its newly arrived students often have different cultures and experiences which are essential. During my essay I found a disadvantage within these two schools, that preparatory classes were not integrated with the rest of the school. I believe the schools should have a second thought about integrating preparatory classes in classrooms with the rest of the school.

In a preparatory class are newly arrived students who have no or very little knowledge of the Swedish language. Some of the newly arrived pupils may have arrived in Sweden very recently and some of them have no or very limited understanding and experience of how the school system works in their country of origin. The purpose of this study is to find out how education in a selected preparatory class works seen from two SVA-teachers and students perspective.  Questions related to my purpose reads as follows: In which way can two of the SVA-teachers respond in a selected preparatory class to their group of newly arrived students? What methods can be used by the two SVA-teachers in a selected preparatory class to their group of newly arrived students' language learning? How does the newly arrived student in a selected preparatory class experience their education and friendship? The study was conducted through a qualitative approach in a selected preparatory class in a multicultural school in a suburb in southern Stockholm. Through observations on six separate occasions as well as interviews with two of the SVA- teachers in the selected preparatory class, and with three of the newly arrived pupils during a period of three weeks. The results of this study show that in the selected preparatory class, one is actively working to learn the Swedish language and to create a structural learning environment based on trust and friendship. The results also show how easily the structure may fall apart when some teachers lack training in Swedish as a second language, also because of insufficient resources and inadequate guidelines in the selected preparatory class, for the reception of the newly arrived students in school activities for the chosen study area.

The purpose of my study was to find out about the newly arrived students’ views and perceptions of the Swedish high school, how this vision and perception looked like before they moved here, and if it has changed. I also wanted to find out how they perceived the meeting with the Swedish school, and if they believed that this meeting should or could be improved. In this study, I used a qualitative research method, the phenomenological method, in which I have used qualitative research interviews to collect the empirical data and detect patterns in my research. The theory I used is cultural encounters, and with it, I try to understand how people with different cultural backgrounds create interactions to work together in communities. I also wanted to understand how the students thought and acted, based on their cultural backgrounds. What I concluded was that in all, the newly arrived students’ views and perceptions of the Swedish school before they moved here was relatively positive. The views and perceptions of most of the students consist quite well with the ones they have today. But for those that it doesn’t, the explanations could be many. One of the reasons was how they hade been treated by the school, another was the lack of existence of Swedish speaking students, that forced the newly arrived ones to associate with the ones that spoke the same mother tongue. Also, the educational level seemed to be too low for some students. The treatment they all received looked similar, but some of the students mentioned that the Swedish school needed to develop the introduction classes so that the students with similar expertise could develop in the same rate. It is to be mentioned that the title of my research is a quote from one of the students I interviewed.

The study explored the relationship between program placement policies regarding the education of recently immigrated students and selected outcomes for these newcomers in urban high schools located in Texas under the implementation of NCLB. In an effort to better understand the impact of such policies on immigrant learning opportunities, this research investigated how newcomers’ identification and promotion, which were based upon English language proficiency testing, affected recent immigrant students’ program placement, course completion and educational achievement. In addition, this study used secondary data analysis to examine how newcomers’ background characteristics were associated with their grade retention rates. Finally, the relationship between students’ background characteristics and newcomers’ academic performance in language arts and mathematics subject areas were examined. This research attempted to answer questions including: 1) How do newly arrived youth students enrolled in newcomer programs, schools, and those enrolled in traditional English as a Second Language (ESL) programs differ with regard to characteristics, such as race, gender, socioeconomic status (SES), course completion, grade retention, and language spoken at home?, 2) How do the differences in characteristics of newly arrived youth students relate to grade retention?, 3) What is the relationship between the growth in academic achievement and newly arrived youth students’ demographic characteristics while enrolled in different programs?, and 4) What kinds of learning opportunities and educational supports are provided by traditional ESL programs, newcomer programs, and newcomer schools for newly arrived youth students in northern and central Texas? Findings indicated newly arrived immigrant adolescents are consistently the most disadvantaged group due to their later start age with limited English proficiency facing a new culture. In general, recently arrived immigrant youths appear to benefit more from teachers with ESL certification as well as even much more experience for serving immigrant adolescents in a safe and caring environment, newcomer schools. / text

Det råder brist på forskning som utgår ifrån nyanlända elevers perspektiv. Syftet med undersökningen var att göra två nyanlända elevers röster hörda och återge deras berättelser om hur de lärde sig det svenska språket. För att belysa detta syfte observerades två nyanlända elever under en skoldag och intervjuades en timme vardera. Eleverna bidrog till insamlandet av empiri genom att fotografera under en skoldag och berätta om sina möten med det svenska språket. Empirin tolkades utifrån en hermeneutisk kunskapssyn och med hjälp av en narrativ analys skapades nya berättelser utifrån elevernas perspektiv. De två nyanlända eleverna har genomgått en stor resa för att komma till Sverige och upplever att lärandet av svenska är viktigt men samtidigt en utmaning. Det har funnits nyckelpersoner i deras möte med det svenska språket. Elevernas sociala, kulturella och personliga historia tas inte tillvaro på eller bekräftas i undervisningen, vilket är viktigt för att främja elevernas inlärning av det svenska språket. Nyanlända elever bär på stora berättelser som är viktiga att lyssna till. / There is little research done about newly arrived students in Sweden, even less based on newly arrived students’ perspectives. The aim of this survey was to raise the voice of two newly arrived students and retell their stories about how they learned Swedish. In this survey, two newly arrived students were observed during one school day and interviewed for one hour. The students participated actively in the survey by photographing what happened during one school day and telling their stories of their encounter with the Swedish language. The empirical facts were interpreted through a hermeneutical perspective and by using a narrative analytical approach new stories from the students’ perspective were formulated. These students have made a big journey coming to Sweden and they perceive learning Swedish an important but challenging task. Learning Swedish there have been key figures such as friends or family supporting the students. In school, the students’ social, cultural and personal history are not recognized or seen as a resource, which is important to promote their learning of Swedish.

My study is about a preparation class in a selected municipality. It is based on the child¹s perspective, and it tries to highlight the school situation of new arrivals in a school where the majority of the pupils are of Swedish origin. The purpose of my study is to visualize how the education for newly arrived children is organized in the municipality, and to get an understanding of a range of student’s view of the schooling in the preparation class as an introduction to a regular class. To reach my goal, I have used qualitative methods, based on qualitative interviews. The interviews were made with six newly arrived pupils, and one interview was made with the deputy head of the school, which is in charge of immigrant education in the municipality. The results show that the four primary schools in the municipality have two preparation classes located in a school for year 1-5 and 6-9. The interviewed pupils are between 13 and 15 years old. The interview reveals deficiencies in different areas, concerning the newly arrived children. The pupils are relatively segregated in school and they have no opportunities to form relationships with other pupils, which can lead to stigma. The education is characterized by lower expectations, and it is not ideal for the children’s cognitive development. The pupils also receive mother tongue education, and a few of them get student consolation. Most of them prefer student consolation, where the education is in Swedish simultaneously with their native language. The mother tongue education is not yet suited to the pupils’ abilities and needs, and the teachers in mother tongue language have a lack of qualifications.

Children of school age, who have just moved to Sweden can either start in a preparation class or in a normal class. There is no Swedish law or national policy that determines how new children will start and continue their education in Swedish schools. The decision is up to the schools or the communes. This study investigates what kind of educational methods teachers, from a sample of two different schools, are using to educate the newly-arrived students and if these methods are making any contribution to integrating these children into the Swedish school system. The study will raise questions like, how are the new students introduced to the Swedish school, what is the purpose of having the children in preparation class as opposed to normal class, and what methods do the interviewed teachers use to integrate the new children into the school system? Interviews were conducted with four teachers, an associate professor and a senior lecturer in education, who has done several years of research about children from abroad coming in to the Swedish school system. The primary theoretical frames in this study were the sociocultural perspective, language socialization, integration and inclusion. The results show that by not having a comprehensive policy for the newly arrived students, each teacher has a different educational method and the schools are not given enough recourses to help the student succeed. One of the conclusions is that to have a good integration of new students, the schools need to find a reception method that works for each new student based on a comprehensive policy.

Studiens syfte är att ur ett interkulturellt perspektiv få insyn och kunskap om hur föräldrarna till barn som kommer som nyanlända till Sverige uppfattar mötet med svenska förskolan. Studien har utförts med hjälp av en kvalitativ forskningsmetod och undersökningsinstrumentet som kommer att användas är en intervjuguide. Deltagarna i intervjuerna är nio nyanlända föräldrar på fem olika förskolor i två olika kommuner, varav en förskola endast har nyanlända barn. Resultat i studien visar att nyanlända föräldrar uppfattar att det finns mycket kontakt med förskolan och att den första kontakten skedde med tolk eller på engelska. Kontakten och bemötandet fungerar bra och pedagogerna gör sitt bästa för att lyckas skapa bra kommunikation och bemötande. Det framkommer även i studiens resultat att kulturer ser olika på tid samt att användandet av tolkar i kommunikationen mellan de nyanlända föräldrarna och pedagogerna fungerade mindre bra. Studien kommer att avslutas med en diskussion där syftet, resultatet, bakgunden och det teoretiska perspektivet diskuteras och problematiseras.