In an urban Texas school district, teachers and administrators were concerned about students' achievement and the teachers' knowledge and implementation of Response to Intervention (RTI) Tier 2 interventions with fidelity. This study addressed teachers' perceptions of the reliability of the application of Tier 2 interventions at the study site, its influence on student achievement, and the appropriateness of current professional development at the targeted campus. The constructivist concept of how people learn and the implementation theory of scaffolding instruction, meaningful experiences, and active learning provided the framework for this study. The educators provided perspectives of how the quality and frequency of the implementation impact the fidelity of Tier 2 interventions. A total of 15 teachers from Grades 3, 4, and 5, the RTI Coordinator, and administrators at the target campus who each met the criteria of more than 2 years of experience working with the RTI process, RTI training, and progress monitoring were included as participants. Data were gathered from the RTI School Readiness Survey, individual interviews, State of Texas Assessment of Academic Readiness for math and reading, and the state required campus and district improvement plans. The data were examined using comparative analyses, inductive generalizations, and analytical coding. The results indicated a need for sustained training to improve teacher knowledge of RTI implementation strategies and students' academic performance on grade-level content. This study will promote social change by providing teachers and administrators at the study site information on the RTI process and on the intensive professional development training needed to support student academic success.

Prevention, social work, and community awareness programs have not led to the successful reduction of opioid overdose deaths nationwide, and particularly in Ohio. This study explored social work perspectives about trauma-€informed care (TIC) for persons with opioid use disorder in Ohio. The research questions for this study examined how social workers in Ohio implemented TIC when providing outpatient treatment to opioid users and what challenges they faced when providing TIC. Using an action research methodology, data were collected through individual semistructured interviews with 5 social work professionals, selected through purposive sampling based on experience in the field of substance use in Ohio and the use of TIC. Contemporary trauma theory and TIC were chosen to frame the research project. Three themes emerged through thematic analysis of the data: appreciation for trauma-€informed opioid use disorder treatment, organizational and professional challenges to the use of trauma-€informed opioid use disorder treatment, and environmental barriers to successful trauma-€informed outpatient opioid use disorder programming. The study aligned with the social work core values of competence and principles of harm reduction. The findings from the study might bring about social change by igniting dialogue among treatment providers about how TIC interventions could support integrated treatment and holistic approaches to combatting opioid addiction in Ohio.

I Sverige kommunicerar de välkända hotellgrupperna att de uppskattar medarbetare med olika kulturella bakgrunder. Forskning i Sverige inom kulturell mångfald är begränsad. Kulturell mångfald innefattar religion, etnicitet, kultur och språk. Studien undersöker vad hotellgrupper värderar kring kulturell mångfald. Genom användning av en mångfaldsmodell bestående av fem perspektiv har studien beskrivit hotellgruppers bakomliggande motivationer kring värderingar om kulturell mångfald. Studien är en en dokumentstudie och har utgått från en kvalitativ forskningsmetod. Med hjälp av olika subkategorier och perspektiv från teorin har studien undersökt organisationers kommunikation via deras webbplatser. Resultatet av studien visar att det finns skillnader i vad hotellgrupper kommunicerar inom kulturell mångfald. Med hjälp av de fem mångfaldsperspektiven går det att härleda mönster utifrån organisationers värderingar genom deras kommunikation. Studien visar att olika hotellgrupper värderar kulturell mångfald på olika sätt, vissa mer än andra. Flera hotellgrupper strävar efter att skapa personalgrupper som speglar samhällets invånare och kan därmed nå ut till en större kundgrupp. Resultatet visar också att samtliga hotellgrupper som ingått i undersökningen har som målsättning att skapa kompetenta och presterande medarbetare. / In Sweden, the well-known hotel groups communicate that they appreciate employees with different cultural backgrounds. Research in Sweden within cultural diversity is limited. Cultural diversity includes religion, ethnicity, culture and language. The study examines what hotel groups value about cultural diversity. Using a diversity model consisting of five perspectives, the study has described hotel groups' underlying motivations regarding values about cultural diversity. The study is a document study and has been based on a qualitative research method. With the help of different subcategories and perspectives from the theory, the study has examined the organizations' communication via their websites. The results of the study show that there are differences in what hotel groups communicate in cultural diversity. Using the five diversity perspectives, it is possible to derive patterns from organizations' values through their communication. The study shows that different hotel groups value cultural diversity in different ways, some more than others. Several hotel groups strive to create staff groups that reflect the inhabitants of the community and can thus reach out to a larger customer group. The result also shows that all hotel groups included in the survey have the goal of creating competent and performing employees.

Enligt svensk skolas styrdokument ska pedagogiska utredningar syfta till att ge en helhetsbild av elevers skolsituation på skol-, grupp-och individnivå. Denna kvalitativa textstudie avser söka förståelse för hur elever beskrivs i pedagogiska utredningar med hjälp av systemteoretiska tankegångar och specialpedagogiska perspektiv. Vi menar att systemteori som paraplybegrepp bidrar till att påvisa betydelsen av att se elevers skolsituation ur flera perspektiv och kontexter för att bidra till inkluderande arbetssätt. Studien bygger på analys av tjugo pedagogiska utredningar från tre svenska kommuner. Både ett kategoriskt och ett relationellt perspektivsyns i vår analys. Dock visar resultatet att en röd tråd mellan beskrivningar av syfte, elev samt åtgärder saknas i dokumenten. Vidare saknas beskrivningar av relationer och samspel runt eleven i de pedagogiska utredningar som analyserats. Tidigare forskning som presenteras i studien pekar på värdet av att belysa elevers olika kontexter samt att pedagogers syn på elevers olikheter är avgörande vid ett inkluderande arbete. Vidare visar studier vikten av gemensamma förhållningssätt inom personalgrupper i pedagogiska verksamheter. / In accordance with the Swedish School ́s governing documents, pedagogical investigations should provide an overall picture of the pupils’ school situation at both school-, group-and individual level. This qualitative text study aims at seeking understanding of how students are described in pedagogical investigations using system theory and perspectives on special education. We argue that using system theory as an umbrella concept helps showing the importance of seeing students’ school situations from multiple perspectives and context to contribute to inclusive work methods. The study is based on analysis of twenty pedagogical investigations form three Swedish municipalities. Both a categorical and a relative perspective appear in our analysis, however, the result shows that a line of argument between descriptions of purpose, student and actionsis missing in the documents. Furthermore, descriptions of relationships and interactions around the student are lacking in the pedagogical investigations analysed.

La thèse a été réalisée en cotutelle entre le Centre de biophysique moléculaire, CNRS UPR 4301, conventionné avec l'Université d'Orléans et l'Université TUM de Munich.<br />La gelée royale est produite dans les glandes des abeilles nourricières Apis mellifera par digestion partielle de pollen et de nectar. La gelée royale joue un rôle clé dans la reproduction, la croissance, l'immunité et l'organisation sociale des abeilles. Elle constitue également une source potentielle de nombreuses molécules à vocation pharmaceutique.<br />Le candidat a analysé des gelées royales d'origines botaniques et géographiques bien définies. Des fractions de peptides et de protéines ont été isolées à l'aide de multiples techniques physico-chimiques. Ces fractions se sont avérées présenter des propriétés antimicrobiennes. Le candidat a également examiné les possibilités d'application pharmaceutique des fractions de gelée royale qu'il a isolées.

<p>Syftet med den här studien syftar till att synliggöra möjliga samband mellan barns umgänge med djur och barnets lärande i ett sociokulturellt perspektiv. </p><p>Genom litteraturstudier analyserades vilka faktorer som påverkar barns utveckling och lärande. Vidare genomfördes en enkätundersökning i 2 klasser i år 6, vilket visade enskilda elevers kontakt med djur. Detta jämfördes med bedömningar av varje elevs lärande, gjorda av en lärare i teoretiska ämnen och en lärare i sociala och motoriska ämnen. </p><p>Resultaten diskuterades utifrån teorier om lärande, barns umgänge med djur samt barns behov att utvecklas psykologiskt, kognitivt och socialt. Genom teorin synliggjordes att barn tillsammans med djur har bättre chanser att erhålla ett starkt självförtroende, samt att de blir vana vid ansvar. Vidare bidrar umgänget med djur till fler kommunikativa situationer samt att barns hälsa främjas. Studier om barns behov visade att dessa fördelar i umgänget med djur torde göra att barns utveckling gagnas. </p><p>Resultat från analysen av enkäterna tillsammans med bedömningarna från lärarna, visar samband som tyder på att tiden barn tillbringar med djur skulle kunna påverka barns lärande positivt. </p> / <p>The purpose of this work is to show possible connections between children’s interaction with animals and the child’s learning in a sociocultural perspective. </p><p>Through literature studies proceeded analyses about what issues affect a child’s development and learning. Furthermore was an opinion poll made to discover the pupils contact with animals in two classes in the sixth grade. This was compared with a review on each pupil’s learning, made by one teacher in theoretical subjects and one teacher in social and mobility subjects. </p><p>The result was discussed from theories about learning, children’s interaction with animals and children’s needs for psychological, cognitive and social development. </p><p>The discussion showed that children together with animals get better opportunities to develop a stronger confidence, and get used to responsibility. It also showed that the interaction with animals also contribute to more communicative situations and a better health for the child. Studies about children’s needs indicated that these advantages could have good influence on the child’s development. </p><p>The results from the opinion-polls together with the teachers reviews, interprets that pupils who engage with animals for a longer period a day could possibly show a higher grade of adequate learning than the ones who didn’t.</p>

<p>Our aim with this essay is to examine if social work in the care of elderly tends to be salutogenetic or patogenetic oriented. A salutogenetic oriented activity means that the social workers focuses on the elderly peoples individual possibilities, and collaborate with the receiver of care in order to offer him or her aid and resources for meaningful living conditions. A patogenetic oriented activity on the other hand means that the social workers focuses on the elderly peoples most primary needs, their illnesses and to introduce adequate treatment. We also examine if social workers in the care of elderly tend to prefer male or female characteristic features in the receivers of care. Finally we wanted to find out if there were any gender distinctions, if the appraisal of aid were more affected by a male or female receiver of care. We also considered that gender might not have any affect on their appraisal at all.</p><p>Our theoretical framework is mainly based on three already existing theories. These gave us a general list of salutogenetic/patogenetic statements and typical male/female characteristic features. Because of time shortage the material includes only one empirical method, which is a questionnaire to the employees in the care of the elderly. The method of analysis is mostly quantitative, but since the questionnaire also contained some opened questions, our study is partly qualitative. A total of 101 persons participated in our questionnaire poll. The results of our study brought about unexpected results. To our surprise, the social workers in the care of elderly tend to prefer male characteristic features in the receivers of care. We also found that what requires of a good apraisal of aid is a salutogenetic perspective, but that the social workers thought it was difficult to apply in practice.</p>

<p>Föreliggande studies syfte är att studera och beskriva behandlingsmodeller för män som använder våld mot kvinnor i nära relationer. Syftet kan brytas ned i följande frågeställningar: (i) vilka behandlingsmodeller finns omnämnda i litteraturen för män som använder våld mot kvinnor i nära relationer och hur kan dessa beskrivas, (ii) vilka likheter respektive skillnader finns mellan olika behandlingsmodeller, (iii) vilka behandlingsresultat och utvärderingssvar finns dokumenterade beträffande behandlingsmodellernas effektivitet samt (iv) hur kan resultatet analyseras utifrån teoretiska perspektiv beträffande mäns våld mot kvinnor? Som utgångspunkt för analys har tre teoretiska perspektiv beträffande mäns våld mot kvinnor brukats. Dessa har utgjorts av ett strukturellt/feministiskt, ett individualpsykologiskt samt ett socialpsykologiskt perspektiv, vilka förklarar mäns våld mot kvinnor på skilda abstraktionsnivåer och med olika teoretiska utgångspunkter. Föreliggande uppsats har genomförts som en litteraturstudie med ett kvalitativt angreppssätt, med anledning av studiens intention att beskriva och sammanställa kunskaper om existerande behandlingsmodeller för män som använder våld mot kvinnor i nära relationer. Vid införskaffandet av material påträffades tre behandlingsprogram som de mest förekommande i den insamlade litteraturen, varför dessa behandlingsmodeller; Emerge, Duluthmodellen; DAIP, och Change, samt utvärderingar av dessa, inkluderades i resultatet. Studiens resultat visar att dessa tre behandlingsmodeller alla utgår från profeministiska teorier vad gäller definitioner och förklaringar av mäns våld mot kvinnor. Liknande behandlingsmetoder har vidare kunnat påträffas i de tre programmen; såsom inslag av kognitiv beteendeterapi i behandlingen, pedagogiska metoder samt gruppsessioner. Vad som skiljer modellerna åt är bland annat att de i olika hög grad har kontakt med de våldsbrukande männens partners, samt att två av dem; Duluthmodellen och Change, inkluderar ett arbete mellan olika officiella instanser i behandlingen, vilket Emerge inte gör. Vidare har Change i högre grad ett uttalat KBT-inriktat förhållningssätt, än de övriga två programmen. Vid analysen har framkommit att behandlingsmodellerna, trots sin profeministiska teoretiska utgångspunkt, tycks vara tämligen eklektiska vad gäller vilka konkreta behandlingsmetoder som används. Emerge, Duluthmodellen och Change har utvärderats i varierande hög grad; de existerande utvärderingarna har dock visat på generellt måttliga resultat beträffande behandlingens effektivitet. Förutom de ovannämnda programmen har även ytterligare utvärderingar av andra behandlingsmodeller inkluderats i resultatet, vilka uppnått varierande, dock sammanfattningsvis, måttfulla resultat.</p> / <p>The purpose of this essay is to study and describe treatment programs for men who are violent against women in intimate relationships. This purpose can be divided into following questions: (i) what treatment programs are to be found in the literature concerning men who are violent against women in intimate relationships and how can they be described, (ii) what similarities and differences are there between different treatment programs, (iii) what are the results of treatment and evaluations documented concerning the treatment programs effect and (iv) how can the results of the study be analysed from the theoretical perspectives concerning men’s violence against women? As a point of departure of the analysis, three theoretical perspectives relating to men’s violence against women has been used. They are constituted by a structural/feminist perspective, an individual psychological perspective and a social psychological perspective, that explains the violences of men against women on various abstraction levels and with separate theoretical views. The method has been conducted as a literature review with a qualitative approach, because of the intention of the study to describe and put together knowledge about existing treatment programs for men who are using violence against women in intimate relationships. Three treatment programs were found to be the most occurring in the collected literature, hence these treatment programs; Emerge, the Duluth Model; DAIP, and Change, together with evaluations of these programs, were included in the result. The study’s result shows that all of these three treatment programs use profeminist theories as a point of departure concerning definitions and explanations of the violences of men against women. Further, similar treatment methods have been found to occur in all of the three programs; such as touches of cognitive behavioural therapy, educational methods and group sessions in the treatment. What separates the programs is that they in varying degrees emphasises keeping in contact with the partners of the violent men, and that two of them; the Duluth Model and Change, are including work with different official institutions in the treatment, as the Emerge program does not. Further, Change has a more outspoken CBT-related approach, which the other two programs have not. The analysis reveals that the treatment programs, in spite of their profeminist theoretical view, seem to be rather eclectic concerning the concrete treatment methods that are used. Emerge, the Duluth Model and Change has been evaluated to varying degrees. The existing evaluations have shown generally moderate results concerning the effect of the treatment. Besides of the mentioned programs further evaluations of other treatment programs have been included in the result, which have reached varied; but in sum, moderate results.</p>

Syftet med den här studien syftar till att synliggöra möjliga samband mellan barns umgänge med djur och barnets lärande i ett sociokulturellt perspektiv. Genom litteraturstudier analyserades vilka faktorer som påverkar barns utveckling och lärande. Vidare genomfördes en enkätundersökning i 2 klasser i år 6, vilket visade enskilda elevers kontakt med djur. Detta jämfördes med bedömningar av varje elevs lärande, gjorda av en lärare i teoretiska ämnen och en lärare i sociala och motoriska ämnen. Resultaten diskuterades utifrån teorier om lärande, barns umgänge med djur samt barns behov att utvecklas psykologiskt, kognitivt och socialt. Genom teorin synliggjordes att barn tillsammans med djur har bättre chanser att erhålla ett starkt självförtroende, samt att de blir vana vid ansvar. Vidare bidrar umgänget med djur till fler kommunikativa situationer samt att barns hälsa främjas. Studier om barns behov visade att dessa fördelar i umgänget med djur torde göra att barns utveckling gagnas. Resultat från analysen av enkäterna tillsammans med bedömningarna från lärarna, visar samband som tyder på att tiden barn tillbringar med djur skulle kunna påverka barns lärande positivt. / The purpose of this work is to show possible connections between children’s interaction with animals and the child’s learning in a sociocultural perspective. Through literature studies proceeded analyses about what issues affect a child’s development and learning. Furthermore was an opinion poll made to discover the pupils contact with animals in two classes in the sixth grade. This was compared with a review on each pupil’s learning, made by one teacher in theoretical subjects and one teacher in social and mobility subjects. The result was discussed from theories about learning, children’s interaction with animals and children’s needs for psychological, cognitive and social development. The discussion showed that children together with animals get better opportunities to develop a stronger confidence, and get used to responsibility. It also showed that the interaction with animals also contribute to more communicative situations and a better health for the child. Studies about children’s needs indicated that these advantages could have good influence on the child’s development. The results from the opinion-polls together with the teachers reviews, interprets that pupils who engage with animals for a longer period a day could possibly show a higher grade of adequate learning than the ones who didn’t.

The overall aim of the present study is to investigate how teachers deal with linguistic and cultural otherness in the French foreign language classroom at upper secondary school level in Sweden. The foreign language classroom is seen as a cultural meeting place where images of otherness are natural elements. In this respect, otherness should be regarded as one cultural aspect among others implying human as well as language phenomena. Analyzing the way in which the teachers in the study mediate this otherness to their students is expected to contribute to the pedagogical debate on intercultural understanding in language teaching and learning.   The study is based on empirical data consisting of video recorded observations in three different classrooms. One class (class A) is treated as primary data where two activities are especially focused, namely working with texts and working with grammar. The verbal interaction from these activities has been transcribed and analyzed qualitatively.   The first step of analysis concerns the learning aims which are transmitted to the students in the teacher’s introduction to the two activities. The second step deals with the teacher’s procedures to involve the students in the construction of knowledge which focuses on linguistic and cultural otherness.   Finally, a comparative perspective is adopted. On the one hand, the two different activities are compared with each other, while on the other hand, the findings from class A are compared with class B and C. From a dialogical point of view, the way in which the classroom setting and the teachers’ acting can favour intercultural understanding is discussed.   The results of the analyses highlight the fact that teachers seem to pay more attention to linguistic otherness than to cultural otherness. Furthermore, the study shows that the foreign language classroom has a dialogical potential when it comes to human relations and discourse. More attention could be paid to these aspects of teaching in order to pave the way for better intercultural understanding. The teachers in the present study seem to favour dialogical relationships in the classroom and neglect discursive issues in the situation. Our conclusion is that the way in which teachers deal with otherness is tradition-bound. Texts, for instance, even those with an obvious intercultural content, are treated as pre-texts for studying linguistic phenomena. Cultural phenomena, when dealt with, are limited to a product paradigm and are transmitted without reflection and with no apparent awareness of any intercultural understanding.