Sob a análise de uma obra escrita em 1572, o De Regis Institutione et Disciplina, e de um contexto histórico-politico crucial para a Dinastia de Avis, nos referimos aqui ao segundo quartel do século XVI, este trabalho tem como propósito esboçar o pensamento político humanista de Jerónimo Osório. Partindo do pressuposto que os fatos históricos, não são meramente ilustrativos, mas se entrecruzam com as idéias políticas, primeiramente enfocaremos como Osório pensava algumas questões que marcaram o reinado de D. Sebastião, como por exemplo: a Batalha em Alcácer Quibir, a necessidade do casamento do Rei e a sua educação ministrada pelo Padre Gonçalves da Câmara. Em segundo lugar, esboçaremos o seu pensamento político abordando temas como: o ofício do Rei, a melhor forma de governo e a ação dos aduladores. Na relação entre pedagogia e política, esboçaremos o seu modelo de príncipe cristão, pertencente ao gênero dos espelhos de príncipes, através das disciplinas necessárias para a educação do Rei. / Based in a work written in 1572, the De Regis Institutione et Disciplina, and in a historic and politic context that is decisive to the Avis Dynasty, we refer here to the second period of the 16th century. This works objective is to plan the humanist political thought of Jeronimo Osório. By the purpose that the historic facts will not be just an illustration, but a meeting with political ideas, first of all we will discuss about how Osório thought about some point that determined the reign of Dom Sebastião, as for example, the battle in Alcácer Quibir, the need of the kings marriage and his education, which the priest Gonçalvez da Câmara was responsible. Secondly, we will plan his political though, talking about themes like the kings function and the best governing form and the actions of the kings adulators. In the pedagogy and political relation, we will plan the Christian princes model, concerning the princes mirror, by subjects which were necessary to the kings education.

Les Eschés amoureux, poème allégorique de trente mille vers datant de 1370-1380, se présentent comme une réponse au Roman de la Rose, en rejouant notamment l’intrigue sur un échiquier. Conservé dans deux manuscrits inachevés, encore largement inédit, ce texte a rapidement été éclipsé par son commentaire en prose, Le Livre des eschez amoureux moralisés, rédigé par Évrart de Conty, médecin personnel de Charles V. La récente attribution des Eschés amoureux à ce même auteur hisse le poème initial au rang d’œuvre destinée à être (auto-)commentée ; cette auto-exégèse est déjà esquissée dans l’un des témoins du texte en vers, qui comprend un apparat de gloses marginales latines participant d’un projet auctorial. Les Eschés amoureux articulent ambition narrative et transmission de connaissances variées, en intégrant notamment en leur sein deux traductions d’auctoritates, les Remedia amoris d’Ovide et le De regimine principum de Gilles de Rome. Ils offrent une mise en fiction du savoir singulière, réservant souvent ce qui fonde l’autorité du discours à un commentaire à venir. Cette présente étude s’attache à examiner les stratégies de divulgation du savoir par le biais d’un récit à la fin du XIVe siècle, en analysant notamment les modèles investis par Les Eschés amoureux, l’assemblage d’éléments hétéroclites qui préside à l’élaboration de cette fiction et la fonction dévolue au commentaire. / The Eschés amoureux, a thirty thousand verse allegorical poem written circa 1370-1380, comes as a response to the Romance of the Rose, notably playing the initial plot on a chessboard. The text can be read in two incomplete manuscripts and is still mostly unedited. It was quickly outshone by its prose commentary, Le Livre des eschez amoureux moralisés, written by Évrart de Conty, King Charles V’s personal physician. The fact that the Eschés amoureux was recently attributed to this very same author pushes the initial poem to the rank of a work that requires (self-)commentaries; the outline of this self exegesis is to be found in one of the verse manuscripts, which comes with latin marginal glosses of major and auctorial importance. The Eschés amoureux connects a narrative project to the transmission of knowledge, inserting within the poem two translations of auctoritates, the ovidian Remedia amoris and the De regimine principum by Giles of Rome. It provides a peculiar fictionalization of knowledge, often setting aside the authoritative part of the discourse and keeping it for a forthcoming commentary. The present dissertation intends to analyze the ways knowledge was conveyed through narrative at the end of the XIVth century; it considers the models involved for this specific text, the miscellaneous items brought together in one single fiction and the part played by the commentary.

Cette recherche s’inscrit dans une double démarche : restitution d’une cohérence globale à l’œuvre d’Ibn Qutayba et essai de définition de la littérature d’adab. Elle s’articule autour de la fonction auteur dans les 'Uyºn al-AÏbær, et dans ce type de textes, ainsi que de la fonction rhétorique de cet ouvrage qui l’apparente à un recueil d’exempla de l’Occident médiéval. La parenté des 'Uyºn al-AÏbær avec le genre de l’encyclopédie y est également abordée. Enrichie d’un éclairage comparatiste apporté par la littérature médiévale occidentale, la confrontation critique de ce texte avec les interprétations qui en ont été données est fondée sur l’analyse rhétorique et stylistique du prologue des 'Uyºn al-AÏbær, ainsi que sur la lecture transversale des introductions des trois ouvrages fondamentaux d’adab d’Ibn Qutayba, que sont l’Adab al-Kætib, les 'Uyºn al-AÏbær et les Ma'ærif. La traduction annotée des deux dernières citées accompagne cette recherche. / The objectives of this thesis were twofold : the first was to restore to the work of Ibn Qutayba its overall coherence ; with this primary objective in view, it was necessary to elucidate its literary context : adab literature.The analysis is conducted firstly in terms of the author-function both in the 'Uyûn al-Akhbâr and in texts similar to it, and secondly in terms of the rhetorical function wich allies it with the Medieval exempla collections of the Western tradition. Drawing on rhetorical and stylistic analysis of the Prologue of the 'Uyûn al-Akhbâr, as well as on a transversal reading of the introductions to the three primary adab works : the Adab al-Kâtib, the 'Uyûn al-Akhbâr and the Ma'ârif of Ibn Qutayba, it was possible to confront the original with critical interpretations of the work. Annotated translations of the introductions to two of these three sister works (the 'Uyûn al-Akhbâr and the Ma'ârif) accompany this study.

Este trabalho em Geografia Urbana enfoca a produção de ilhas de alto padrão de moradia na metrópole paulistana. Trata-se do estudo dos casos do Parque dos Príncipes e da Vila São Francisco; lugares caracterizados por significativo processo de segregação socioespacial voluntária: loteamentos destinados às frações de classe social com elevado poder aquisitivo, cercados por muros. Objetiva-se identificar os principais agentes responsáveis pela produção do espaço urbano nos lugares estudados; analisar suas atuações e entender, no espaço e no tempo, as causas da escolha da sub-região oeste da Região Metropolitana de São Paulo (RMSP), para a implantação desse tipo de modelo habitacional. Para tanto, considerou-se o espaço como um sistema indissociável de objetos e de ações (SANTOS, 2003), o espaço urbano como fragmentado, articulado e conflituoso (CORRÊA, 2003), bem como a metrópole paulistana como sendo corporativa e fragmentada (SANTOS,1990). Como resultado final foi possível a identificação dos proprietários fundiários (Família Matarazzo e outros), dos promotores e incorporadores imobiliários (Camargo Corrêa, Gafisa, Godoi, Rodobens, Setin), do Estado e das associações de moradores (APRPP, ARPPO, ACCSF, SACSF), como principais agentes produtores da atual configuração dos lugares investigados. Todos se organizam Cada um a sua maneira, ora conflitando ora concordando entre si e corroboram para a produção da lógica da metrópole corporativa, inclusive com remoção de favelas e privatização de espaços públicos via fechamento de ruas e uso exclusivo de praças e parques. / This urban geography research focuses on the production of islands of high standard of housing in the metropolis of São Paulo. it is the study of cases of Princes Park and the village of San Francisco; places characterized by a significant process of voluntary spatial segregation; allotments, surrounded by walls, made for people with social standard and high purchasing power, surrounded by walls.The purpose is to identify the main causative agent witch is responsible for the production of the urban space at the specified places; analyze their actions and understand, at space and in time, the reasons for choosing the western sub-region of the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo (MASP) to implement this type of housing model. For the development of this idea, we considered the space as an indivisible system of objects and actions (Santos, 2003), urban space as fragmented, articulated and confrontational (Corrêa, 2003, as well as the São Paulo metropolis corporate and fragmented (SANTOS, 1990).As the final result, it was possible the identification of landowners (Matarazzo family and other), promoters and real property developers (Camargo Corrêa, Gafisa Godoi, Rodobens Setin) the State the neighborhood association (APRPP, ARPPO, ACCSF, SACSF) as major cause of the current situation at the studied places. All are organized - Each one in your on way, sometimes conflicting, sometimes agreeing with each other - corroborate to the production of the metropolitan corporate logic, including slum clearance and the privatization of public spaces closing streets and making exclusive the use of the squares and parks.

Θέμα της παρούσας εργασίας είναι η πρόσληψη του οίκου των Ατρείδων σε δύο νεότερα έργα της νεοελληνικής λογοτεχνίας και συγκεκριμένα στην Τέταρτη Διάσταση του Γιάννη Ρίτσου και στον Κήπο των πριγκίπων του Νίκου Μπακόλα. Ερευνάται ο τρόπος με τον οποίο οι δύο λογοτέχνες προσέλαβαν το μύθο. Δίνονται συγκριτικά στοιχεία σχετικά με την επιλογή του χώρου, του χρόνου και των ηρωικών προσώπων. Πιο αναλυτική μελέτη γίνεται στον τρόπο που ανασημασιοδοτούνται ο Αγαμέμνων, ο Ορέστης και η Κλυταιμνήστρα. Τέλος, διεξάγονται συμπεράσματα σχετικά με τις σχέσεις των μελών της οικογένειας στά δύο έργα. / -

Este trabalho em Geografia Urbana enfoca a produção de ilhas de alto padrão de moradia na metrópole paulistana. Trata-se do estudo dos casos do Parque dos Príncipes e da Vila São Francisco; lugares caracterizados por significativo processo de segregação socioespacial voluntária: loteamentos destinados às frações de classe social com elevado poder aquisitivo, cercados por muros. Objetiva-se identificar os principais agentes responsáveis pela produção do espaço urbano nos lugares estudados; analisar suas atuações e entender, no espaço e no tempo, as causas da escolha da sub-região oeste da Região Metropolitana de São Paulo (RMSP), para a implantação desse tipo de modelo habitacional. Para tanto, considerou-se o espaço como um sistema indissociável de objetos e de ações (SANTOS, 2003), o espaço urbano como fragmentado, articulado e conflituoso (CORRÊA, 2003), bem como a metrópole paulistana como sendo corporativa e fragmentada (SANTOS,1990). Como resultado final foi possível a identificação dos proprietários fundiários (Família Matarazzo e outros), dos promotores e incorporadores imobiliários (Camargo Corrêa, Gafisa, Godoi, Rodobens, Setin), do Estado e das associações de moradores (APRPP, ARPPO, ACCSF, SACSF), como principais agentes produtores da atual configuração dos lugares investigados. Todos se organizam Cada um a sua maneira, ora conflitando ora concordando entre si e corroboram para a produção da lógica da metrópole corporativa, inclusive com remoção de favelas e privatização de espaços públicos via fechamento de ruas e uso exclusivo de praças e parques. / This urban geography research focuses on the production of islands of high standard of housing in the metropolis of São Paulo. it is the study of cases of Princes Park and the village of San Francisco; places characterized by a significant process of voluntary spatial segregation; allotments, surrounded by walls, made for people with social standard and high purchasing power, surrounded by walls.The purpose is to identify the main causative agent witch is responsible for the production of the urban space at the specified places; analyze their actions and understand, at space and in time, the reasons for choosing the western sub-region of the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo (MASP) to implement this type of housing model. For the development of this idea, we considered the space as an indivisible system of objects and actions (Santos, 2003), urban space as fragmented, articulated and confrontational (Corrêa, 2003, as well as the São Paulo metropolis corporate and fragmented (SANTOS, 1990).As the final result, it was possible the identification of landowners (Matarazzo family and other), promoters and real property developers (Camargo Corrêa, Gafisa Godoi, Rodobens Setin) the State the neighborhood association (APRPP, ARPPO, ACCSF, SACSF) as major cause of the current situation at the studied places. All are organized - Each one in your on way, sometimes conflicting, sometimes agreeing with each other - corroborate to the production of the metropolitan corporate logic, including slum clearance and the privatization of public spaces closing streets and making exclusive the use of the squares and parks.

Sob a análise de uma obra escrita em 1572, o De Regis Institutione et Disciplina, e de um contexto histórico-politico crucial para a Dinastia de Avis, nos referimos aqui ao segundo quartel do século XVI, este trabalho tem como propósito esboçar o pensamento político humanista de Jerónimo Osório. Partindo do pressuposto que os fatos históricos, não são meramente ilustrativos, mas se entrecruzam com as idéias políticas, primeiramente enfocaremos como Osório pensava algumas questões que marcaram o reinado de D. Sebastião, como por exemplo: a Batalha em Alcácer Quibir, a necessidade do casamento do Rei e a sua educação ministrada pelo Padre Gonçalves da Câmara. Em segundo lugar, esboçaremos o seu pensamento político abordando temas como: o ofício do Rei, a melhor forma de governo e a ação dos aduladores. Na relação entre pedagogia e política, esboçaremos o seu modelo de príncipe cristão, pertencente ao gênero dos espelhos de príncipes, através das disciplinas necessárias para a educação do Rei. / Based in a work written in 1572, the De Regis Institutione et Disciplina, and in a historic and politic context that is decisive to the Avis Dynasty, we refer here to the second period of the 16th century. This works objective is to plan the humanist political thought of Jeronimo Osório. By the purpose that the historic facts will not be just an illustration, but a meeting with political ideas, first of all we will discuss about how Osório thought about some point that determined the reign of Dom Sebastião, as for example, the battle in Alcácer Quibir, the need of the kings marriage and his education, which the priest Gonçalvez da Câmara was responsible. Secondly, we will plan his political though, talking about themes like the kings function and the best governing form and the actions of the kings adulators. In the pedagogy and political relation, we will plan the Christian princes model, concerning the princes mirror, by subjects which were necessary to the kings education.

La présente thèse entend rendre compte d’un parcours de recherche entrepris il y a près de trente ans. Ces recherches ont connu divers développements pour lesquels une ligne conductrice peut cependant être dégagée : elles ont toutes trait à l’histoire des élites médiévales.Un premier axe concerne les enquêtes sur la société féodale de l’Orient latin. L’édition d’un texte généalogique, Les Lignages d’Outremer, a été le point de départ d’une série de publications sur ces familles, complétées par celle d’un récit de pèlerinage aux Lieux saints.Le second axe a pour objet la sigillographie. Le présent travail expose d’abord les travaux réalisés sur la sigillographie des reines et des enfants de France au Moyen Âge. L’autre volet de cette thématique a trait à la sigillographie des rois et empereurs des périodes mérovingienne et carolingienne, étude entreprise grâce à l’examen des 250 diplômes royaux conservés aux Archives nationales. À l’origine de ces publications, il y a une étonnante découverte, celle de la présence de cheveux humains dans les sceaux, pour laquelle nous tentons de trouver une explication, dans les diverses parties de ce travail et en particulier dans le mémoire De Anolo, joint au dossier.Enfin, un troisième axe est consacré à la pratique professionnelle que j’ai pu développer en tant que conservateur d’Archives. Les travaux proposés ici sont alors le témoignage des missions que j’ai pu exercer : au-delà de la publication d’instruments de recherche, une large place est faite aux problématiques de conservation préventive. / This thesis presents the results of research conducted over the past thirty years on the history of medieval elites.  The thesis focuses on two major topics. The first is the society of the Latin East. Publication of a genealogical text, Les lignages d’Outremer, has been followed by a series of studies of the noble families of the Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem and an edition of an account of a pilgrimage to the Holy Land. The second area is royal sigillography. Studies of the seals of medieval French queens and their children constitute one facet of this research, whereas examination of the seals found on 250 diplomas in the Archives nationales has facilitated exploration of the seals of Merovingian and Carolingian kings and emperors. The discovery of human hair in the seals has prompted the search for possible explanations of this phenomenon, which are proposed and discussed in different parts of the dossier, particularly in an appendix, "De anolo." An additional, supplementary part of my work has focused on the conservation of seals and the development of methods to prevent their deterioration.

Société ”iconique” par excellence, les Provinces-Unies au XVIIe siècle sont un espace où la représentation graphique envahit le quotidien. Parallèlement, le mariage est une institution au cœur d’un processus de réhabilitation et de cristallisation confessionnelle de dispositions dogmatiques et disciplinaires. Il constitue en outre une expérience anthropologique fondamentale, dont chacun fait l’expérience, comme acteur ou spectateur. Dans cette perspective, les images du mariage innervent toute la culture visuelle de la société néerlandaise et sont au croisement d’enjeux sociaux, religieux et politiques, perceptibles à différentes échelles, par la symbolique qu’elles mettent en jeu et les usages sociaux qui en sont faits. Comment les différences confessionnelles s’y articulent-elles ? Comment les distinctions sociales s’y manifestent-elles ? Quels bénéfices symboliques les usages métaphoriques visuels du mariage permettent-ils d’obtenir pour les acteurs sociaux ? Enfin comment ces images fonctionnent-elles vis-à-vis du lecteur-spectateur ? A travers un corpus de sources très divers (livres ou brochures illustrés, feuilles volantes, mais aussi peintures ou médailles), la thèse répond à ces questions en examinant successivement comment les images accompagnent les discours prescriptifs sur le mariage, la façon dont elles sont mobilisées lors des noces des élites urbaines et lors de la célébration des noces princières, mais aussi comment elles permettent de donner métaphoriquement corps au lien entre le croyant et Dieu ou, paradoxalement, à celui entre le Prince d’Orange et la Patrie, dans un système politique revendiqué comme une République. / "Iconic" society par excellence, the United Provinces in the seventeenth century is a place where images play a tremendous role in daily life. Meanwhile, marriage is an institution at the heart of a rehabilitation process and of a differentiation process of confessional identities involving dogmatic and disciplinary provisions. It is also a fundamental anthropological experience, experienced by everybody in the society, be it as actor or spectator. In this perspective, the matrimonial images pervade the whole visual culture of Dutch society and are at the crossroads of social, religious and political issues, at different scales, through the symbolics they involve and the social uses they are submitted to. How are confessional differences articulated to them? How are social distinctions manifested? What symbolic benefits do social actors get out of visual metaphors of marriage? Finally, how do these images interact with the reader-viewer? Through a diverse corpus of sources (illustrated books or pamphlets, single-leaf engravings, but also paintings and medals), the thesis addresses these questions by examining successively how images accompany prescriptive discourses on marriage, how they are involved in the urban elites weddings and during wedding festivities for princes, but also how they can metaphorically embody the link between the believer and God, or, paradoxically, that between the Prince of Orange and the Fatherland, in a political system claimed to be a Republic.

Apparus en 1428 en Espagne, le Pas d’armes est un parfait exemple de l’indéniable intérêt porté par la noblesse, de la fin du Moyen Âge et du début de la Renaissance, aux arts martiaux, littéraires et théâtraux. Il s’agit, en réalité, d’une évolution de la joute et du tournoi au cours duquel un ou plusieurs chevaliers est volontaire pour garder un carrefour, une porte ou tout autre lieux symbolique. Pour différencier ces exercices des joutes, les organisateurs publient des chapitres, ou lettres d’armes, plusieurs mois en avance. Ils sont souvent constitués de deux parties, la première venant placer les chevaliers assaillants et défenseurs dans un univers magique et fantastique, le seconde présentant les règles du jeu. Notons également que la majeure partie des Pas plonge les chevaliers dans un monde fictionnel, en particulier inspire de la légende arthurienne, grâce aux chapitres, aux décors et, naturellement, aux costumes. Témoignages des contacts transculturels existent entre les cours d’Anjou et de Bourgogne avec celles d’Espagne, les Pas d’armes sont organisés à des moments décisifs pour les cours, qu’il s’agisse de mariages, de traités de paix ou d’un temps d’après-guerre ; et tous remplissent un rôle commun : mettre en lumière l’unité chevaleresque autour du Prince et de son pouvoir. Invariablement, c’est le Prince qui sort vainqueur des événements qui ont lieux au sein de sa cour. Il s’agit essentiellement pour le prince de mettre en scène son pouvoir dans ce « jeu-mimique » où l’important n’est pas tant le combat que le spectacle et la mise en lumière du pouvoir princier, tant culturel, financier que militaire. / Appearing in 1428 in Spain, the Pas d’Armes are a real example of the undeniable interest held by the nobility of the end of the Middle Ages and the beginning of the Renaissance in the arts of warfare, in literature, and theater. It is in reality an evolution of the joust and tournament in which one or several knights volunteer to keep a crossroad, a door or another symbolic place. To differ from the joust, the organizers publish chapters, or letters of weapons, several months in advance. They consisted of two parts, the first one coming to place the knights defenders and aggressors in a magic and fantastic universe, the second containing rules to be followed. It is also necessary to note that the great majority of Pas place the knights in a fictional world, in particular regarding Arthurian legend, by means of chapters, present scenery around the lists and, naturally, costumes. Testimonies of transcultural contacts between the Valois ‘courts of Anjou and Burgundy and Spanish courts, the Pas d’armes are organized at courtly decisive moments like marriages, treaties of peace or just after a war, all the Pas d’armes had a common role : to highlight the unity of knighthood around the Prince and his power. On each occasion is the Prince who emerges victorious from all the entertainment organized at his court. Essentially, it is a way for the prince to dramatize his power in this “game – mimicry” where the important thing was not so much the fighting but the scenery and the highlighting of cultural, financial and military power of the court.