The motivating ambition of this thesis is the endeavour to think the subject anthropo-eccentrically, to free it of its conscious-agential overtones and to foreground instead the active organism in all its ecologically entangled, metabolically perspectival glory. I define the subject, in the course of the thesis, as a body productive of its own spatial and temporal fields, a body that lives its own space and time. Ecology is pluralized, made bodily. And the body itself is dynamicized and rendered porous—less an absolute limit than a variable topology separating, uniting, and enfolding organism and ecology, self and other, subject and world. I begin, in Chapter 1, with Deleuze and the rhythmic contractions that define the temporal pole of organismic subjectivity. In Chapter 2, I turn toward the way spaces are configured on the basis of the affective enaction of organismic life. This is organismic spatiality. In Chapter 3, I introduce Deleuze’s distinction between the actual and virtual in order to properly theorize the way organismic abilities and environmental layouts are pre-subjectively related such that actual organismic activity individuates a field of spatiotemporal experience. And as the structure of this relation fluctuates, so too does the framework of subjective experience, the sensorimotor-perceptual affects by which experience is defined. Organismic subjectivity is, as a consequence, both relentlessly dynamic and tied irreducibly to the organization of its own world. To think this entanglement is to think subjectivity as swarm, a concept that opens this theory onto an array of new possibilities—toward, to take only one example among a range of many, a human-technological entanglement that conceives scientific apparatuses in their integration with a collectively human subjectivity. I conclude the thesis with a brief gesture toward the implications carried by the development of such possibilities. / Thesis / Master of Philosophy (MA)

Le travail présenté dans cette thèse s’inscrit dans le champ de la géographie culturelle et veut participer à prouver qu’il existe un tournant spatial tel qu’il a été défini par Edward Soja en 1996, qui permet de porter un regard autre sur les sociétés en les analysant à partir des objets culturels qu’elles produisent. Les albums pour enfants, ces livres conçus pour le jeune public qui combinent images, supports et très souvent textes dans un rapport d’interdépendance, constituent les objets de ce travail de recherches. Envisagés comme des produits culturels géographiques, ils interrogent, disent, représentent et mettent en scène espaces et spatialités. S’intéressant à un corpus d’albums iconotextuels narratifs édités en France entre 1919 et 2012, ce travail s’emploie à démontrer qu’il existe une interdépendance entre trois instances narratives (textuelle, iconique et plastique) et que cette interdépendance génère et imagine non seulement de l’espace pour le lecteur mais également une intentionnalité spatiale, une transmission d’un habiter tel qu’il est pensé par l’auteur-illustrateur. La dernière partie de ce travail, plus exploratoire, propose de voir dans l’album pour enfants un lieu de communication dans lequel l’intentionnalité spatiale aiderait le lecteur-enfant à agir sur de l’espace. La réception, l’expérience esthétique, la lecture performative de l’album permettraient à l’enfant de se construire un capital culturel spatial dans lequel il pourrait puiser pour « faire avec » l’espace qu’il habite ou qu’il aura à habiter. / The work presented in this dissertation fits in the field of cultural geography and hopes to prove that there exists a spatial turning point as defined by Edward Soja in 1996, which will allow a further look into societies, analyzing them by means of the cultural objects that they produce.Children’s picture books, these books conceived for the young public which combine images, props, and very often text in a relationship of interdependence, constitute the objects of this research work. Considered as geographic cultural products, they question, state, represent, and stage spaces and spatialities.Drawing from a body of narrative, iconotextual picture books published in France between 1919 and 2012, this work intends to demonstrate that there exists an interdependence among three narrative instances (textual, iconic, and plastic) and that this interdependence generates and imagines not only space for the reader but also a spatial intentionality, a transmission of living such as envisioned by the author-illustrator.The last part of this work, more exploratory, proposes seeing in children’s books a place of communication in which the spatial intentionality would help the child-reader to act on the space. The reception, the esthetic experience, the performative reading of the picture book would allow the child to construct for himself a spatial cultural capital in which he could delve to “play with” the space in which he lives or that he will have to live.

Text in German with summaries in German and English / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 197-211) / Biblical studies in New Testament are generating considerable interest in the investigation of historical groups, for example by using prosopographic approaches. This thesis presents a new approach to reconstruct the early Christian network in Acts 1-12. We consider the social network analyses (SNA), critical spatiality and Proximal Point Analyses (PPA). Although these approaches show interesting results, they suffer from a global distance measure. Thus, we introduce a novel approach combining SNA and critical spatiality to analyse geographic and social distances. This method represents a valuable alternative to traditional theological tools for answering exegetical questions concerning the social network in Acts 1-12 offering ways for re-thinking and re-interpretation. The network represents the first fulfillment of the promise given in Acts 1:8. Moreover, it allows us to distinguish between protagonists and their influence. Using different distance measurements, we were not only able to describe the high level of solidarity in this network but could also find strong evidences for Peter, Philip and Barnabas being key figures. Acts 1-12 describes mission as led by God and performed by different people with Jerusalem as the centre of activity. This mission is both peripheral and open to people with diverse social, religious and geographic backgrounds. In the novel network of people belonging to the body of Christ human leadership is not important. It was not possible to apply this method to all exegetical questions due to the fact that there are only limited historic sources available. / In der neutestamentlichen Wissenschaft wurden verschiedene Methoden wie die Prosopographie zur Erforschung bestimmter Personenkreise verwendet. Diese Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Rekonstruktion des frühchristlichen sozialen Netzwerks nach der Darstellung in Apg 1-12. Dazu wird die Methode der sozialen Netzwerkanalyse (SNA), der critical spatiality sowie die Proximal Point Analyse (PPA) verwendet. Dabei werden die methodischen Ansätze von verschiedenen historischen Netzwerkanalysen zusammengetragen und durch eine Verknüpfung von SNA und critical spatiality eine einheitliche Herangehensweise hergeleitet, die auch geographische wie soziale Distanzen darstellen kann. Dabei finden sich in Apg 1-12 sowohl exegetische Fragestellungen, auf die diese Methode aufgrund der schlechten Quellenlage nicht angewendet werden kann, als auch Fragestellungen, die mit dieser Methode unter neuen Gesichtspunkten interpretiert werden kann. So lässt sich im rekonstruierten Netzwerk von Apg 1-12 der erste Abschnitt der Erfüllung der Verheißung aus Apg 1,8 erkennen. Außerdem hilft die SNA, die einzelnen Akteure und ihr Handeln in der Apg besser zu würdigen. So ist ein eigenes Kapitel nicht nur Petrus, sondern auch Philippus und Barnabas gewidmet. Apg 1-12 stellt eine Mission dar, deren alleiniger Urheber Gott ist und die von verschiedensten Menschen mit der Stadt Jerusalem als Zentrum überwiegend dezentral und offen für verschiedene soziale, religiöse und geographische Hintergründe ausgeführt wird. Sie zeichnet ein besonderes Bild vom urchristlichen sozialen Netzwerk, das wenig menschliche Leitung beinhaltet und sich qualitativ unterscheidet. Die Analyse mit verschiedenen Zentralitätsmaßen zeigt ebenfalls die starke Verbundenheit der urchristlichen Gemeinschaft und den signifikanten Beitrag mehrerer Personen / New Testament / M. Th. (New Testament)

本研究選擇楊 (Iris Marion Young) 在1977年首次發表的文章〈像女孩那樣丟球—論女性身體經驗〉為主要藍本，對梅洛龐蒂《知覺現象學》的身體主體概念進行討論。楊在文章中採用梅洛龐蒂活生生身體做為核心，以《知覺現象學》中〈身體本身的空間性和運動機能〉此篇章做為對照架構，置入性別化的反思，重新編織由女性主體經驗出發的身體模態。 在2005年楊以此文為書名同時收錄多篇聚焦於女性身體經驗的現象學討論，從懷孕、乳房、月經、老年照護等女性身體的各個面向，經由性別觀點的探問辯證處理多位歐陸哲學家和現象學家的論述，透過理論思考和生命經驗交揉出女性身體主體的視野。在〈像女孩那樣丟球—論女性身體經驗〉中，楊選擇梅洛龐蒂《知覺現象學》對活生生身體與世界關係的描述架構，同時立基於西蒙波娃對女性存在的分析和觀察，分析陰性身體的特定風格，以及這種風格及活動方式，與其在世界中的交往有什麼樣的關係？又具有什麼樣的意義？梅洛龐蒂在《知覺現象學》裡說明主體如何通過身體在世界中展開存在活動，在這些活動的運作中，我們不是如同船長掌舵一樣，作為純粹的思維者操作客觀的身體，也不是一個刺激-反應的制約機體對世界做出規律和法則的回應，主體與世界的關係，就座落在我作為一個活生生的身體主體向世界開放，朝世界投射。但是，這個身體的分析架構是否為一個普遍性的論述？如果經驗世界中有一大部分的身體典型在特定的層次上展現的差異性，這種獨特風格是基於什麼樣的存在處境中出現的？梅洛龐蒂突破笛卡兒純粹思維者的傳統，修正胡賽爾在《觀念一》朝向超驗觀念論的追求路線，試圖以一個具體化、肉身化的樣貌來理解人的在世存有，然而是否必須面對我們活生生的身體中是帶著性別、文化的銘刻？因此本研究將以楊所提出的女性身體活動與空間經驗為基礎，對照梅洛龐蒂文本中描述的身體模態，重新思考梅洛龐蒂的身體論述，與性別向度之間的關連性。

The study draws on theories of society, learning, planning and design, democracy, identity formation, and cultural change to inquire into children’s participation in the social sphere. The thesis emerges from the growing literature in the sociological and educational study of childhood, identity, space and culture. A case study approach, using a variety of participatory methods and photographic visual evidence, is employed to investigate the substantive issue of children’s participation in changing their locales in a contemporary Scottish context. Two main cases are narrated: the first concerns primary school children’s experience in participating in changing school grounds throughout Scotland; the second details the experience of one local authority’s efforts to enhance public play provision for children with disabilities. Local socio-cultural / spatial practices used in the construction of children’s participation and their places of learning, work, and play are described. Children are found to be ‘positioned’ between adult desires to increase children’s participation in matters that affect them, while at the same time, adults may wish to protect children from perceived dangers. The context for children’s participation takes cognisance of the influences of schooling, the exclusion of children from the workplace, as well as the influences of technology, the media, and the changes in family make-up. One central finding of the thesis is that children’s experience of participation appeared to be constructed out of ‘essential beliefs’ about the relations between children and adults, the nature of the child and the child’s ‘place’ in society.

The dissertation describes the names related to justice and places in the landscape where justice was administered, applying an interdisciplinary perspective with place names as the chief source material. One aim is to collect and describe place names in Skåne designating or indirectly associated with meeting places and districts of the court, and to study the named places. The study covers many different periods, but especially the Middle Ages and the transition from the Late Iron Age to the Middle Ages. The analysis raises questions such as: Was there continuity in judicial sites between prehistoric and historic times? How old are the hundreds (härader)? Is there a spatial link between judicial sites and other central functions such as cult, markets, or rulers’ estates? The work is permeated by material-based onomastic research in combination with current perspectives in text research, historical geography, and archaeology. Nine case studies are conducted to describe the interaction between place, linguistic expression, and meaning. The study demonstrates the existence of a large corpus of names reflecting the early administration of justice. Most of the many field names which contain ting ‘court’ and galge ‘gallows’ can be related to the actual administration of justice. The medieval sites where courts assembled and people were executed stand out in particular, but in many cases these have prehistoric roots. Both unbroken continuity and the reuse of earlier places of assembly may be assumed. Close to sites with names indicating the administration of justice there are also landscape features with names that grant epic and mythical status to the locale. The special quality of these places was handed down, incorporated in larger narratives, based on changing ideas and circumstances in different periods. The landscape of the hundred courts (häradsting) is archaic, magnificent and mythical, and shared, qualities that contributed to the maintenance and legitimation of judicial practice. A division into a general, public judicial sphere and a more limited and exclusive sphere can be seen. In the medieval exercise of justice this division is manifested in two different judicial districts – härad and birk – but the phenomenon can be traced back to the Late Iron Age. The study also problematizes a traditional image of the names of the hundreds.

[pt] Esta dissertação tem por objetivo analisar e compreender os significados, os modos de organização e as particularidades dos movimentos sociais de imigrantes bolivianas/os na cidade de São Paulo, a partir da década de 1980. Busca também, por consequência, examinar as transformações sociais provenientes da presença e ação coletiva destes movimentos, que modificam, direta ou indiretamente, relações na sociedade receptora, na comunidade migrante e nas políticas estatais. Para tanto, fez-se necessário compreender, preliminarmente, a realidade complexa na qual se inserem os/as sujeitos/as da ação social, bem como a que permeia sua origem. Assim, uma série de dinâmicas, macro e microestruturais, foram examinadas, por meio das contribuições da teoria crítica e da cartografia social como técnica metodológica. Ao final do trabalho, foi possível identificar lugares que estas/es migrantes ocupam tanto no atual ordenamento mundial – marcado por diferenciações dicotômicas como norte/sul, centro/periferia, desenvolvido/subdesenvolvido – quanto no próprio espaço urbano e sócio-político da cidade de São Paulo – superfície/subterrâneo, público/privado, nacional/estrangeira/o. Entende-se, portanto, que a definição de tais espaços passa, obrigatoriamente, pela produção geográfica de desigualdades advinda do processo de desenvolvimento do capitalismo neoliberal na América Latina, agravada pelo arranjo excludente do espaço urbano nas megacidades e pela composição do complexo estrangeira/o – pobre – indígena – latino-americana/o – indocumentada/o – mulher, os quais configuram tais movimentos sociais como marginais e subalternos na busca pela alteração, ainda que parcial, deste quadro. / [en] This thesis aims to analyze and understand the meanings, the modes of organization and the particularities of the social movements of Bolivians immigrants in São Paulo, from the 1980s. Also aims, in consequence, to examine the social transformations derived from the presence and social action of these movements that directly or indirectly modify relationships in the receiving society, in the migrant community and of the state policies. Therefore, it is necessary to preliminarily understand the complex reality in which the subject of the social action is originated and inserted. Thus, a set of dynamics, on macro and microstructure level were examined by means of the contributions of critical theory and the social cartography as methodological technique. Thereby it was possible to identify the places that these migrants occupy in the current world order – marked by dichotomous classifications as north/south, center/periphery, developed/underdeveloped – as in the urban and socio-political space of São Paulo – surface/underground, public/private, national/foreign. It is understood, therefore, that the definition of such spaces pass, necessarily, by the production of geographical inequalities arising from the development process of neoliberal capitalism in Latin America, aggravated by the exclusionary arrangement of urban space in the megacities and by the composition of the complex foreign – poor – indigenous – Latin-American – undocumented – woman, which constitute their social movements as marginal and subaltern in the quest for change, even partial, of this frame. / [es] Esta tesis tiene como objetivo analizar y comprender los significados, los modos de organización y las características de los movimientos sociales de inmigrantes bolivianas/os en la ciudad de San Pablo, a partir de la década de 1980. Busca también, examinar las transformaciones sociales originarias de la presencia y de la acción colectiva de estos movimientos las cuales modifican, directa o indirectamente, relaciones en la sociedad receptora, en la comunidad migrante y en las políticas del estado. Para tanto, es necesario entender, de manera preliminar, la compleja realidad en la que están insertados los/as sujetos/as de la acción social así como la de su origen. Así, se examinaron una serie de dinámicas, macro y micro estructurales, a través de las aportaciones de la teoría crítica y de la cartografía social como técnica metodológica. Al final del trabajo, fue posible identificar lugares que estas/os migrantes ocupan tanto en el actual orden mundial – marcado por diferenciaciones dicotómicas como norte/sur, centro/periferia, desarrollado/subdesarrollado – como en el propio espacio urbano y sociopolítico de la ciudad de San Pablo – superficie/subterráneo, público/privado, nacional/extranjera/o. Se entiende, por tanto, que la definición de estos espacios pasa obligatoriamente por la producción geográfica de desigualdades provocada por el proceso de desarrollo del capitalismo neoliberal en América Latina, agravada por la disposición exclusiva del espacio urbano en las grandes ciudades y por el complejo del extranjera/o – pobre – indígena – latinoamericana/o – indocumentada/ao – mujer, que configuran los movimientos sociales como marginales y subordinados en la búsqueda por cambios, mismo que parciales, de este cuadro.

在台灣經濟發展過程中，傳統製造業的轉包，只是上游的大企業將法定的僱傭責任與對勞動過程的管理控制之成本，轉包給下線承包商負責，小代工廠在將工作發包給家庭代工。資方透過工作場域的內/外之分，也將法定責任與義務外部化，讓那些位於轉包底層的小代工廠、家庭代工自行承擔。然而從80年代開始，台灣一些企業為進一步節省人事成本，就利用「僱用與使用分離」的派遣勞工，這種新興的派遣業勞動方式，乃是雇主將其無法外部化的工作，透過將僱傭責任轉包給他人（派遣公司），而勞動過程則是仍在其掌控的管理範圍內（企業內）進行，並且能在最小化人事成本的效率下，達到原來需要正式僱傭關係（成本較高）才能達成的勞動任務。因此，本文認為這種新興的派遣現象，也只是轉包策略的一種轉化。大企業在將其不穩定的部份產能外包的同時，對於無法外包的工作類型，則是透過「派遣」的方式，將勞工誘入企業單位內工作，不過真正的企業主卻不必負擔僱傭責任。 轉包制度成為資方經營管理策略的手段之一，轉包機制是如何運作？對於那些處於轉包底層的家庭代工、派遣勞工的勞動條件與勞動意識產生了什麼樣的作用？當勞動者在不同的場域中工作（如、企業雇工/廠內、家庭代工/家內、派遣勞工/他廠內），空間性（spaciality）的差異，對於他們的勞動意識有何影響？為何台灣勞動者的職業認同會如此的多樣性 ？空間性與轉包的運作機制，起了什麼樣的催化作用？ 本論文的關懷主軸，就是轉包機制底層的勞工（家庭代工、派遣勞工），也就是本論文圖1-2中，大企業間接僱用的階層區隔的勞動力，位於大企業兩側的邊緣勞動者之處境。並且透過對轉包機制相關文獻的探討，進一步說明轉包機制背後的運作邏輯，以及它如何運用於這些邊陲勞動者的身上，造成兩極化的勞工處境。另一方面，由於轉包機制的運作過程，牽涉到勞動空間重新安排的問題，因此本文希望透過「空間性」概念的運用，探索造成勞動意識差異的原因。 在第一章中，首先指出台灣新雙元勞動市場的現象，以及筆者對於這些轉包現象的初步理解方式。由於傳統產業的轉包方式、以及轉包的變形「新興的派遣勞動」這兩種勞動方式，都與法律上正式的僱傭關係「勞工在雇主的營業處所或雇主指定的其它工作場所」的勞動方式不同。傳統產業轉包底層的勞動者，她/他們的工作場所往往就是自己的住家，也就是所謂「客廳即工廠」、「工作兼生活」、「頭家兼薪勞」的家內勞動型態。而派遣業勞工，則是「僱用與使用分離」的勞動型態，人才派遣公司和派遣業勞工之間只有法律上的僱傭關係，派遣業勞工必須被派到第三者的公司中，受使用公司的指揮調度，才完成勞動任務。而這兩種勞動方式的共通點，則是勞動者都不在直接僱用者的工作場所內工作；差異點，則是傳統產業轉包底層的勞動者是在自己的住宅內從事家內勞動，而派遣業勞工則是在第三者的公司之工作場所中，受第三者指揮調度從事派遣勞動。「家內勞動」、「派遣勞動」與正式的僱傭勞動，明顯地存在著工作場所的空間差異，這些差異對勞動者的勞動意識有何影響？為了解答此一問題，筆者希望借用「空間性」的概念來重新理解這些破碎的勞動方式（轉包的工作型態）對於勞動者的勞動意識與勞動條件產生了什麼樣的影響。 在第二章筆者將進一步從宏觀的角度，探討相關理論文獻對轉包工作型態的分析，以說明轉包制的運作機制與內在邏輯。第一部份是先回顧與批判相關研究廠商間的連結（interfirm linkages）文獻，然後再發展筆者對轉包的定義，以及簡要的說明各種不同的轉包形式。第二部份則是緊接著分析這些轉包生產方式的形式、原因與變動。筆者對此部份的分析基礎是來自於先前的相關文獻探討與對轉包制的田野研究。本文認為要對轉包制進行通盤而又貼切的分析，將必需考量所有可能性的多重因果關係，才能做出適當分析。這些因素包括考量轉包的科技結構、工作編制、產品市場的特質、對勞動過程的控制與勞動力供給的狀況。第三部份，則是探討資本主義的危機與企業經營策略的彈性。第四部份，將探討那些位於生產系統底層勞工（包括家庭代工與派遣業勞工）的問題。反省「生產彈性化」背後的代價，彈性生產對於勞動者而言有何黑暗面。 第三章首先說明造成台灣製造業層層轉包現象的因素、轉包制底層的性別分工與結構限制，再來則是從台灣傳統製造業的個案來觀察轉包工作型態對於底層勞動者的影響，在轉包制的工作型態中，勞動者如何安排家事與代工？如何形塑自我的勞動觀？勞動場域的空間差異起了什麼樣的作用？空間性差異對勞動意識有何影響？ 第四章、則是探討資方新的經營管理策略，基於人事成本的節約、人力需求的彈性化而興起的人力派遣（員工租賃）的新現象。首先，從勞動法的觀點，，從日本立法經驗來探討台灣官方希望將此現象「合法化」背後隱藏的意識型態。再來則是透過很初步的訪談、觀察，說明此種新的勞動方式可能產生的問題。「僱用與使用分離」的勞動方式，對於勞動者意識的形塑，會造成什麼後果？ 第五章、總結。說明「空間性」差異對勞工意識的形塑效果，以及對此種非標準的僱用方式不同觀點與如何看待轉包制的工作型態。 第一章、導論 1 前言 1 第一節、勞動市場的今昔 2 第二節、問題意識與章節安排 7 第三節、「空間性」的概念 10 第四節、研究方法與限制 16 第二章、生產過程中轉包制工作型態的初步分析 21 第一節、廠商間的連結關係 22 第二節、關於生產轉包動態的解析 27 第三節、危機與彈性 32 第四節、生產流程底層的問題 35 第五節、小結 36 第三章、傳統製造業轉包工作對底層勞動者的影響 38 第一節、台灣製造業的轉包現象 38 第二節、轉包底層的性別分工與結構限制 42 第三節、發包母廠與轉包底層勞動者的關係 47 第四節、空間的轉變與勞動意識：家事與代工的處理 53 第五節、空間差異與勞動意識的形塑 60 第六節、小結 67 第四章、「派遣勞動」現象的分析 70 第一節、「派遣勞動」（員工租賃）的相關法學論點 72 第二節、派遣勞動（員工租賃）之態樣、成因 77 第三節、台灣派遣勞動（員工租賃）現象之實況與問題 79 第四節、派遣勞工的勞動關係 87 第五節、「空間性的轉化」，作為一種規訓的手段 90 第六節、派遣勞動（員工租賃）的影響 97 第七節、小結 100 第五章、結論 103 一、空間性的利用效果 103 二、「非標準僱用」的現象 104 三、工作安定 V.S. 勞動的隨意化 106 / （略）

The farm in South Africa is an ideologically laden but also ambivalent concept, associated with pastoral ideals and the hierarchy of the colonial past; but also with fear and insecurity. The representation of the farm in the South African farm novel has been subjected to larger processes of development, dissolution and replacement in accordance with changing socio-historical contexts. Accordingly, the farm novel's contribution to the conceptualization of space, place and identity within the South African and postcolonial literary context, needs to be traced and related to the pastoral tradition as well as its mutations and deviations. This dissertation investigates how Olive Schreiner's The Story of an African Farm (1883) and J.M. Coetzee's Disgrace (1999) as anti-pastoral farm novels, in different ways and degrees, rewrite and transcend the pastoral farm novel tradition by rejecting and subverting the inherent ideological assumptions and pastoral values exemplified by this genre. Specific focus is given to the role of space and place in the identity formation of the female protagonists and the conceptualization thereof in a postcolonial society. / Thesis (M.A. (English))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2005

The farm in South Africa is an ideologically laden but also ambivalent concept, associated with pastoral ideals and the hierarchy of the colonial past; but also with fear and insecurity. The representation of the farm in the South African farm novel has been subjected to larger processes of development, dissolution and replacement in accordance with changing socio-historical contexts. Accordingly, the farm novel's contribution to the conceptualization of space, place and identity within the South African and postcolonial literary context, needs to be traced and related to the pastoral tradition as well as its mutations and deviations. This dissertation investigates how Olive Schreiner's The Story of an African Farm (1883) and J.M. Coetzee's Disgrace (1999) as anti-pastoral farm novels, in different ways and degrees, rewrite and transcend the pastoral farm novel tradition by rejecting and subverting the inherent ideological assumptions and pastoral values exemplified by this genre. Specific focus is given to the role of space and place in the identity formation of the female protagonists and the conceptualization thereof in a postcolonial society. / Thesis (M.A. (English))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2005