<p>The educational directive for the school subject textile handicraft (slöjd) claim, that the pupils should have knowledge of handicraft traditions from historical and present perspective. Teachers in handicraft, teaching in schools for the first nine years of a child education forwards a cultural heritage. The purpose of this essay is to find out what the teachers opinion is about what constitute the Swedish textile cultural heritage. How the teachers relate to it and how they use it, then teaching. The essay is based on a qualitative method and consists of interviews with teachers. The interviews indicate that the textile cultural heritage consists of old methods for textile handiwork. The teachers also stresses that it is important for the pupils to have knowledge of the history of methods and materials and how it is made. The knowledge of the cultural heritage gives the pupils a possibility to relate to older generations. Therefore there is a potential of combining education in handicraft with for example history, which for the pupils would give a broader perspective. Knowledge of how different methods for creating things used in everyday-life have been used and developed could also increase the understanding of how people have lived.</p> / <p>I kursplanen för slöjd står att slöjdämnet bland annat ska ge insikter i vardagshistoria och ge kunskaper om slöjdtraditioner från förr och nu. Slöjdlärare på grundskolan förmedlar ett kulturarv i sin undervisning. Syftet med undersökningen är att ta reda på vad lärarna anser att det svenska textila kulturarvet består av, hur textillärarna förhåller sig till det och hur de använder sig av det i sin undervisning. Undersökningen är baserad på en kvalitativ forskningsmetod och består av intervjuer med lärare. Enligt resultatet av intervjuerna består det svenska kulturarvet inom det textila området av gamla tekniker som har funnits länge. Av undersökningen framkommer att det är teknikerna i sig som lärarna räknar till kulturarvet. Lärarna poängterar även att det är viktigt att känna till en tekniks eller ett materials ursprung och hur det är tillverkat. Kännedom om kulturarvet ger eleven möjlighet att känna samhörighet med äldre generationer. Om kulturarvet förs in i slöjden i samarbete med till exempel historieämnet, ger det eleven möjlighet att se tekniken i ett större sammanhang. I och med att många tekniker användes förr för att framställa vardagliga föremål, kan slöjden även skapa förståelse för hur man levde förr.</p>

<p>Syftet med undersökningen har varit att undersöka hur eleverna uppfattar textilslöjden. Jag ville ta reda på hur de uppfattar textilslöjden som ämne och även vad de anser att ämnet går ut på. Tycker eleverna de någon nytta av textilslöjden, eller är det ett ämne som tjänat ut sin roll? Eleverna går i årskurs 9 i en skola i Mellansverige. Intervjuerna har utförts som gruppintervjuer, fyra grupper med 3-4 elever i varje grupp. De uppmanades att reflektera över alla år de haft textilslöjd, alltså från årskurs 3-9. Frågorna rörde sig inom två områden. Det ena området rörde slöjden som ämne och det andra berörde undervisningen. Resultatet visade att eleverna ser ämnet till stor del som en förberedelse för vuxenlivet. De tyckte att de på fritiden har stor nytta av de kunskaper de fått i slöjden. De menade att det inte bara är de olika teknikerna de lärt sig, utan också att de kunskaper de fått, gör att de vågar prova andra projekt än det de arbetat med i slöjden.I frågorna som rörde undervisningen fanns det stor spridning på svaren. Men de flesta elever tyckte att arbetsområdena var ganska styrda. De kunde inte välja <em>vad</em> de skulle göra men i viss mån <em>hur</em>. Eleverna uppgav att förutsättningen för lärandet i slöjden var läraren. Beskrivningar och förlagor kunde vara till hjälp men lärares handledning var viktigast.</p><p> </p><p>Min slutats är att eleverna tycker att slöjden är ett viktigt ämne eftersom de lär för livet utanför skolan, både för nu och för framtiden. Vad gäller undervisningen, och idé och kreativitet uppfattar jag att eleverna önskar mera utrymme för att få möjlighet till eget utforskande och experimenterande. Vilket också kursplanen i slöjd anger att ämnet ska innehålla.</p> / <p>The purpose with this examination has been to investigate the subject Textile handicraft from a student's perspective. My wish was to investigate how the students thought about textile handicraft as a subject and also how they think about the subject in a wider sense. Do they think that they shall benefit from textile handicraft or has the subject past its sell-by date? The students I chose to interview were located in class 9, in a town, in the middle of Sweden. I chose to do group interviews, four groups with 3-4 individuals in each group. I asked them to think about textile handicraft during all the years they have had it as a subject, which includes year 3 to 9. The questions were in two parts. The first part was about the subject and the second was about the teaching. The result of the investigation showed that the students think of the subject as a preparation for growing up. When they later were talking about their free time, they could see that they got a lot of experience from the subject. What they meant was that they have gained a lot of experience not only with technical things but also how to work in projects. When I asked questions about the teaching, there were a lot of different answers. But most of the students could see that the teachers always had a plan for the subject. The students told me that they couldn't choose what to do, but they had the opportunity to choose how to do it. They also said that the teacher had the biggest part to play in their education and influenced how they handled the subject.</p><p> </p><p>My conclusion is that the subject textile handicraft is an important subject because they learn to prepare for life outside of school both today and for the future. Regarding the education, ideas and creativity, I can see that the students would like to have more room amongst the opportunities for their own experimental spirit which the syllabus for textile handicraft describes.</p>

The educational directive for the school subject textile handicraft (slöjd) claim, that the pupils should have knowledge of handicraft traditions from historical and present perspective. Teachers in handicraft, teaching in schools for the first nine years of a child education forwards a cultural heritage. The purpose of this essay is to find out what the teachers opinion is about what constitute the Swedish textile cultural heritage. How the teachers relate to it and how they use it, then teaching. The essay is based on a qualitative method and consists of interviews with teachers. The interviews indicate that the textile cultural heritage consists of old methods for textile handiwork. The teachers also stresses that it is important for the pupils to have knowledge of the history of methods and materials and how it is made. The knowledge of the cultural heritage gives the pupils a possibility to relate to older generations. Therefore there is a potential of combining education in handicraft with for example history, which for the pupils would give a broader perspective. Knowledge of how different methods for creating things used in everyday-life have been used and developed could also increase the understanding of how people have lived. / I kursplanen för slöjd står att slöjdämnet bland annat ska ge insikter i vardagshistoria och ge kunskaper om slöjdtraditioner från förr och nu. Slöjdlärare på grundskolan förmedlar ett kulturarv i sin undervisning. Syftet med undersökningen är att ta reda på vad lärarna anser att det svenska textila kulturarvet består av, hur textillärarna förhåller sig till det och hur de använder sig av det i sin undervisning. Undersökningen är baserad på en kvalitativ forskningsmetod och består av intervjuer med lärare. Enligt resultatet av intervjuerna består det svenska kulturarvet inom det textila området av gamla tekniker som har funnits länge. Av undersökningen framkommer att det är teknikerna i sig som lärarna räknar till kulturarvet. Lärarna poängterar även att det är viktigt att känna till en tekniks eller ett materials ursprung och hur det är tillverkat. Kännedom om kulturarvet ger eleven möjlighet att känna samhörighet med äldre generationer. Om kulturarvet förs in i slöjden i samarbete med till exempel historieämnet, ger det eleven möjlighet att se tekniken i ett större sammanhang. I och med att många tekniker användes förr för att framställa vardagliga föremål, kan slöjden även skapa förståelse för hur man levde förr.

Syftet med undersökningen har varit att undersöka hur eleverna uppfattar textilslöjden. Jag ville ta reda på hur de uppfattar textilslöjden som ämne och även vad de anser att ämnet går ut på. Tycker eleverna de någon nytta av textilslöjden, eller är det ett ämne som tjänat ut sin roll? Eleverna går i årskurs 9 i en skola i Mellansverige. Intervjuerna har utförts som gruppintervjuer, fyra grupper med 3-4 elever i varje grupp. De uppmanades att reflektera över alla år de haft textilslöjd, alltså från årskurs 3-9. Frågorna rörde sig inom två områden. Det ena området rörde slöjden som ämne och det andra berörde undervisningen. Resultatet visade att eleverna ser ämnet till stor del som en förberedelse för vuxenlivet. De tyckte att de på fritiden har stor nytta av de kunskaper de fått i slöjden. De menade att det inte bara är de olika teknikerna de lärt sig, utan också att de kunskaper de fått, gör att de vågar prova andra projekt än det de arbetat med i slöjden.I frågorna som rörde undervisningen fanns det stor spridning på svaren. Men de flesta elever tyckte att arbetsområdena var ganska styrda. De kunde inte välja vad de skulle göra men i viss mån hur. Eleverna uppgav att förutsättningen för lärandet i slöjden var läraren. Beskrivningar och förlagor kunde vara till hjälp men lärares handledning var viktigast.   Min slutats är att eleverna tycker att slöjden är ett viktigt ämne eftersom de lär för livet utanför skolan, både för nu och för framtiden. Vad gäller undervisningen, och idé och kreativitet uppfattar jag att eleverna önskar mera utrymme för att få möjlighet till eget utforskande och experimenterande. Vilket också kursplanen i slöjd anger att ämnet ska innehålla. / The purpose with this examination has been to investigate the subject Textile handicraft from a student's perspective. My wish was to investigate how the students thought about textile handicraft as a subject and also how they think about the subject in a wider sense. Do they think that they shall benefit from textile handicraft or has the subject past its sell-by date? The students I chose to interview were located in class 9, in a town, in the middle of Sweden. I chose to do group interviews, four groups with 3-4 individuals in each group. I asked them to think about textile handicraft during all the years they have had it as a subject, which includes year 3 to 9. The questions were in two parts. The first part was about the subject and the second was about the teaching. The result of the investigation showed that the students think of the subject as a preparation for growing up. When they later were talking about their free time, they could see that they got a lot of experience from the subject. What they meant was that they have gained a lot of experience not only with technical things but also how to work in projects. When I asked questions about the teaching, there were a lot of different answers. But most of the students could see that the teachers always had a plan for the subject. The students told me that they couldn't choose what to do, but they had the opportunity to choose how to do it. They also said that the teacher had the biggest part to play in their education and influenced how they handled the subject.   My conclusion is that the subject textile handicraft is an important subject because they learn to prepare for life outside of school both today and for the future. Regarding the education, ideas and creativity, I can see that the students would like to have more room amongst the opportunities for their own experimental spirit which the syllabus for textile handicraft describes.

The aim of the study is to analyse the learning process of the Dorze weaving in Ethiopia and its implications on Education for Sustainable Development, ESD. My two main questions are: 1. How do the Dorze understand their learning process in weaving? 2. What conclusions concerning education for sustainable development applied on textile handicraft can be drawn from the findings of my case study?   In order to answer these questions I have made a field study on the Dorze (the weavers) in Addis Ababa in Ethiopia for 10 weeks. The study has a socio-cultural and narrative approach and the method used are interviews, observations and review of documents. The result is presented in a “metastory” where I retell the stories and introduce the results of the study and that gives answers to question 1. UNESCO’s recommendations on ESD are used to analyse the findings and give the answer to question 2. The result shows that the learning process depends on the environment with its people, who have gathered knowledge of raw material and techniques for generations but the latter also needs to develop to meet new challenges. “Shiro Meda” is the centre of learning. To grow up in “Shiro Meda” it becomes natural to work with textile production, accept a special lifestyle with clear gender differences and a hierarchical structure. The educational model of spinning and twisting are “learning by doing”, whereas young boys start practising weaving under the leadership of an older teacher step by step.   From an ESD perspective the Dorze education is holistic, practical, individualized, and contains some problem solving even if the students are not participating in decisions on how they learn. The education is highly integrated in the daily life of the weaving community and is also relevant to the surrounding local community. Moreover the education transfers a historical legacy of cultural continuity, and has shown itself to be dynamic and adaptable to change. A weakness in this traditional knowledge system is the low profit the weavers are making and the set hierarchical and gender rules which need to be developed in order to be sustainable for future challenges. The final discussion highlights the relevance of my findings for a Swedish learning context. / 2010ht4661

<p>The aim of this thesis is to try to make the mathematics content of textile handicraft visible. This is done through an attempt at integrated studies in the two subjects with 6^th grade students.</p><p>The main question is: In what way may integrated studies in mathematics and textile handicraft lead to making the mathematics content of textile handicraft visible to the students? This question has been divided into three sub-questions: 1. What knowledge do students have on the order of the millimeter, centimeter, decimeter and meter units of length?, 2. In what situations do students mention knowledge of measuring as being of use?, and 3. To what extent do students see a connection between mathematics and textile handicraft before and after an attempt at integrated studies in mathematics and textile handicraft?</p><p>The methods of use in this thesis are questionnaires and interviews.</p><p>The theoretical frame is constituted by the sociocultural theory. This theory focuses on the idea that thinking is closely connected to our activities, which makes it a suitable basis for the thesis.</p><p>The results of the study show that overall the students’ knowledge of the order of the units of length in question is good. The students mention knowledge of measuring as being of use mostly in situations related to consumption, building and painting, and mathematics. No student mentions a connection between mathematics and textile handicraft in the questionnaires. However, the interviewees mentioned measuring as being of use in textile handicraft. The study gives no definite answer to the question of whether integrated studies can make the mathematics of textile handicraft visible. The fact that students in interview after integrated studies are able to discover a connection between the two subjects may indicate that the mathematics content of textile handicraft has been made visible.</p>

The aim of this thesis is to try to make the mathematics content of textile handicraft visible. This is done through an attempt at integrated studies in the two subjects with 6th grade students. The main question is: In what way may integrated studies in mathematics and textile handicraft lead to making the mathematics content of textile handicraft visible to the students? This question has been divided into three sub-questions: 1. What knowledge do students have on the order of the millimeter, centimeter, decimeter and meter units of length?, 2. In what situations do students mention knowledge of measuring as being of use?, and 3. To what extent do students see a connection between mathematics and textile handicraft before and after an attempt at integrated studies in mathematics and textile handicraft? The methods of use in this thesis are questionnaires and interviews. The theoretical frame is constituted by the sociocultural theory. This theory focuses on the idea that thinking is closely connected to our activities, which makes it a suitable basis for the thesis. The results of the study show that overall the students’ knowledge of the order of the units of length in question is good. The students mention knowledge of measuring as being of use mostly in situations related to consumption, building and painting, and mathematics. No student mentions a connection between mathematics and textile handicraft in the questionnaires. However, the interviewees mentioned measuring as being of use in textile handicraft. The study gives no definite answer to the question of whether integrated studies can make the mathematics of textile handicraft visible. The fact that students in interview after integrated studies are able to discover a connection between the two subjects may indicate that the mathematics content of textile handicraft has been made visible.

I denna komparativa litteraturstudie jämför vi Sverige och Finlands respektive utbildningsväsende. Vi undersöker vad som gör Finland till ett framgångsrikt land inom slöjdutbildning, och om Sverige kan lära av Finlands exempel. Därför är det intressant för oss som framtida slöjdlärare att titta på vad som skiljer den svenska skolslöjden mot den finska. Som blivande lärare i ett praktiskt ämne vars varande ibland ifrågasätts vill vi undersöka hur slöjdens status ser ut i Finland som inte är i utbildningsmässig kris. Syftet med denna uppsats är att belysa samt jämföra slöjdämnet med fokus på arbetsformer och innehåll i två skandinaviska länder, Finland och Sverige.  Detta är en forskningskonsumtionsuppsats där vi insamlat och studerat befintlig forskning. Denna uppsats är en komparativ litteraturstudie mellan Sverige och Finland vilket betyder att vi jämfört liknande litteratur och redogjort för vad skillnaderna är.  Studien visar att läraryrket i Finland är mer respekterat i samhället, då Finland har en högre grad av professionalism inom lärarutbildningarna och läraryrket jämfört med i Sverige, vilket speglas i respektive lands elevresultat i internationella undersökningar. Vår jämförelse mellan ländernas läroplaner i slöjdämnet visar att i Finland fokuserar mer på hanteverksskicklighet och praktisk förmåga, medan i Sverige läggs vikt vid teoretiska begrepp och verbala uttryck inom slöjden.

[pt] Os processos eletrônicos alteram os conceitos básicos do fazer artesanal e, portanto, o conceito de bordado também se altera. Diante dessa ruptura, surge a justificativa desse trabalho: a análise dos bordados, sejam manuais ou eletrônicos. Este trabalho busca investigar o bordado para debater as transformações ocorridas ao longo do tempo, incluindo a utilização de novas tecnologias, examinando se é coerente dizer que as máquinas eletrônicas bordam. A metodologia aplicada inclui diferentes etapas, iniciando pela checagem dos temas e dos contextos relacionados para examinar o bordado, aferindo os seus diferentes processos de produção: o trabalho manual e o sistema eletrônico. A pesquisa também tem por base uma revisão teórica dos conceitos apresentados. A discussão a respeito da evolução do artesanato no Brasil conduz o olhar para a nossa prática, ilustrando o debate com o trabalho realizado na Cooperativa de Trabalho Artesanal e de Costura da Rocinha Ltda - até recentemente reconhecida como COOPA-ROCA. A experiência aprofunda a reflexão a respeito de uma cultura metodológica relacionada ao bordado manual, elucidando o papel do consumidor. / [en] Electronic processes change the basic concepts of making crafts, and therefore the concept of embroidery also changes. Faced with this disruption, the justification of this work emerge: the analysis of the embroideries, either manual or electronic. This work seeks to investigate the embroidery to discuss the transformations that occurred over time, including the use of new technologies, examining whether it is coherent to say that the electronic machines does embroideries. The methodology was organized in different stages, starting with the checking of the topics and related contexts to examine the embroidery, assessing their different production processes: the manual work and the electronic system. The research is also based on a theoretical revision of the presented concepts. The discussion about the evolution of handicrafts in Brazil leads to a look at our practice, illustrating the debate with the work carried out at the Cooperativa de Trabalho Artesanal e de Costura da Rocinha Ltda - until lately recognized as COOPA-ROCA. The experience deepens the reflection about a methodological culture for the manual embroidery, elucidating the role of the consumer.