Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:28:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-02-01Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:37:04Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 baldin_mr_me_botfm.pdf: 758685 bytes, checksum: 09583f0f094ebc1b0a94a3159968a32f (MD5) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / Secretaria de Saúde do Estado de São Paulo / Mudanças sóciossexuais têm alterado o perfil das doenças sexualmente transmissíveis, ampliando a necessidade de seu rastreamento, especialmente onde existe concentração de pessoas ou grupos com comportamentos de risco, para que a detecção dessas doenças e seu tratamento imediato se traduzam na redução dos problemas causados. As profissionais do sexo apresentam a característica singular de manterem atividade sexual intensa, com vários coitos por dia, acrescida do uso de substâncias químicas locais e microtraumatismos vaginais, o que as deixa vulneráveis às doenças sexualmente transmissíveis. Identificar a prevalência de doenças sexualmente transmissíveis entre profissionais do sexo do município de Botucatu/SP e verificar a associação com variáveis sociodemográficas e comportamentais. Trata-se de estudo de prevalência populacional. Foram incluídas no estudo 102 profissionais do sexo, os dados foram colhidos durante o ano de 2008 e a propedêutica de atendimento das mulheres incluía a coleta de sangue, de conteúdo vaginal e de secreção cervical para detecção das seguintes doenças sexualmente transmissíveis: hepatite B; sífilis; aids; tricomoníase; infecção clamidiana, gonorreia e a presença de papilomavírus humano. A média de idade das participantes do estudo foi 26,1 anos, sendo que a maioria tinha nove ou mais anos de aprovação escolar (53,0%), era solteira (71,6%), usava contraceptivo (92,2%), negava história de doença sexualmente transmissível prévia (77,5%) e referiu a primeira relação sexual antes dos 15 anos (59,8%). A prática de sexo oral foi citada por 90,2% das mulheres e 37,3% delas referiram praticar sexo anal. Em relação às medidas de prevenção, 99% das profissionais do sexo relataram fazer uso do preservativo no trabalho e somente 26,3% das mulheres que tinham parceiro fixo relataram seu uso neste caso. O consumo de tabaco... / Socio-sexual changes have altered the profile of sexually transmitted diseases (STD) and increased the need for their tracking, particularly in places where there is a concentration of individuals with a risk behavior, so that the detection of such diseases and their immediate treatment can be translated into the reduction of resulting problems. Sex professionals (SP) have the singular characteristic of maintaining intense sexual activity, with various intercourses per day, which is added to the use of topical chemical substances and vaginal microtrauma and makes them vulnerable to STD. To identify the prevalence of STD among SP the city of Botucatu/SP and evaluate the association with sociodemographic and behavioral variables. This is a population prevalence study. One hundred and two SP were included; data were collected in 2008, and the propedeutics of the women’s care included the collection of blood, vaginal content and cervical secretion for detection of the following sexually transmitted diseases: hepatitis B; syphilis; AIDS; trichomoniasis; Chlamydia infection, gonorrhea and the presence of the human papillomavirus (HPV). The participants’ mean age was 26.1 years. Most of them had attended school for nine years or longer (53.0%), were single (71,6%), used contraceptives (92.2%), denied having a history of previous STD (77.5%) and reported to have had their first sexual relationship before they were 15 years old (59.8%). Oral sex practice was mentioned by 90.2% of the women, and 37.3% of them reported to have anal sex. As regards prevention measures, 99% of the sex professionals reported to use condoms, and only 26.3% of the women who had a permanent partner reported its use in this case. The use of tobacco, alcohol and illegal drugs was high: 68.6%, 84.3% and 42.2%, respectively. Oncotic cytology was normal for 95% of the women, since only five of ...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Este estudo teve como objetivos identificar as concepções sobre assistência pré – natal de um grupo de gestantes adolescentes primíparas, inscritas no programa de assistência pré – natal nas Unidades de Saúde da Rede de Atenção à Saúde do município de Marília – SP; identificar as concepções sobre assistência pré – natal na adolescência dos profissionais de saúde (médicos, enfermeiras e auxiliares de enfermagem) que atuam nestes serviços; como também analisar as relações estabelecidas entre as concepções das gestantes adolescentes e dos profissionais de saúde na construção da assistência pré – natal. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de entrevistas semi – estruturadas, realizadas com 17 profissionais de saúde e 18 gestantes adolescentes primíparas. Procurou-se identificar unidades temáticas pela Análise de Conteúdo. Para construção do processo de análise apropriamos de referenciais teóricos de construções sócio – culturais de significados representativos do cotidiano da assistência pré – natal através de um emaranhado de percepções e interpretações sobre o perfil da clientela atendida, concluindo que a assistência se faz de forma diferenciada e assim exercem papel fiscalizador, identificam os fatores de risco da gestação, discorrem sobre as dificuldades encontradas para prestarem assistência e revelam as ações da equipe de saúde. As adolescentes identificaram a assistência pré – natal recebida, permeada por procedimentos técnicos que incluem desde a realização de exames e procedimentos a orientações, que pelas suas características peculiares conforma a assistência como sendo monótona e ao mesmo tempo coercitiva ao serem fiscalizadas pelos profissionais que as atende. Pudemos apreender que o mundo social do pré – natal às adolescentes habitados pelos profissionais de saúde é construído dentro de um universo simbólico que desqualifica a adolescente para a entrada no mundo das mulheres adultas – a maternidade. Por outro lado, para as adolescentes o pré – natal é o dispositivo usado para revelar-lhes os limites de ser um corpo para si e ser um corpo para ter um filho e desautoriza-las como capazes de ter uma autonomia e poder de decisão. / This study aimed at identifying the conceptions about prenatal care of a group of adolescents on their first pregnancy. The adolescents were registered in the Prenatal Program offered by the Basic Health Units in the municipality of Marília – SP. The goals of this research were also to identify the conceptions of health professionals who work in these services (physicians, nurses and nursing aides) on prenatal care in adolescence; to analyze the relations established between the adolescents and health professionals conceptions in the construction of prenatal care. This is a qualitative research. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 17 health professionals and 18 adolescents on their first pregnancy. The author identified thematic units through content analysis. In order to construct the analysis process, author used the socio-cultural theoretical references on representative meanings of prenatal care through several perceptions and interpretations about the profile of the clientele, concluding that the care is provided in a differentiated way and that the health professionals play a fiscalizing role, identifying the pregnancy risk factors, reporting the difficulties they find to provide the care and revealing the actions of the health team. The adolescents identified prenatal care as surrounded by technical procedures, including examinations and orientations, characterizing a monotonous and at the same time coercive care as they are fiscalized by the professionals who provide their care. Author found that the social world of adolescents’ prenatal care resided by health professionals is built within a symbolic universe that disqualifies the adolescents to become adult women through maternity. In addition, for the adolescents, prenatal is a mechanism used by them to reveal their limits of being a body for themselves and being a body to have a baby and to unauthorized them as capable to have autonomy and decision power.

Traditionally offending women are framed through essentialist discourses of pathologisation and the family. Hence, good women are constructed as passive, compliant, vulnerable to victimisation, and nurturers. Offending women are constructed within criminal justice processes as disordered, physiologically and psychologically flawed. Censure or sympathy dispensed to women within the system is contingent on a number of key factors: the type of offence, the category of women involved, and the way in which women interact and negotiate the discourses used to construct their aberrance. The focus of this thesis is offending women and how they are socially constructed through legal and penal discourses within the court and the prison. However this thesis rejects the essentialist framework which positions women as passive recipients of an omnipotent patriarchal criminal justice system and thus having no agency. Nor is this thesis about creating a new entity to encompass all offending women. Instead an anti- essentialist approach is adopted that allows the body, power, and women's agency to be theorised. This approach provides a more complex and detailed account of women's aberrance that acknowledges the diverse range of women, their experiences and negotiations of criminal justice processes. The combination of real women's lived experiences and an alternative theoretical framework provides a very different perspective in which to understand female offending.

Theoretical part of this thesis is about women's magazines in the Czechoslovakia and in the Czech republic. The introductory chapters are about its characteristics, division and historical development. It describes current state in the Czech magazine's market, stratification of women's magazines, it also describes broadly media influence and apply these theoretical knowledge to women's magazines. The important chapter is chapter Media and Gender, which explains the term gender, compares men's and women's magazines and presents criticism of women's magazines from gender point of view. Methodological part is insight into the choice of method and choice of samples. This part contains also basic characteristic of reasearched magazines. Research part describes the representation of successful woman according to women's magazines, what is the difference in each magazine and it also shows the changes of view of successful woman in reserched period.

Submitted by Jadson Francisco de Jesus SILVA (jadson@uefs.br) on 2018-09-18T22:28:21Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DIssertacaoCristianeMartins.pdf: 2498693 bytes, checksum: 401a9906739eca46d6900a643ca8a6e7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-18T22:28:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DIssertacaoCristianeMartins.pdf: 2498693 bytes, checksum: 401a9906739eca46d6900a643ca8a6e7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-07-27 / This dissertation aims to analyze the representation of women in history textbooks directed to the last years of Elementary School (8th and 9th grades), used in the public schools of Brazil, approved by the Programa Nacional do Livro Did?tico (PNDL) [The National Program of Textbook] in 2008, 2011, and 2014. Among the questions contained in the dissertation, there is the concern about the way in which the performance of women as historical agents was built up over the years in didactic materials. The analysis focuses on the texts and images included in the following textbooks: Hist?ria, Sociedade & Cidadania (2006), Projeto Ararib? (2007), and Estudar Hist?ria: Das origens do homem ? era digital (2011), since textbooks are important tools in the process of consolidation and propagation of representations. Hence, we sought to think the sphere of women?s representation in the textbooks created after a period of educational reforms: the process of evaluation of the textbooks undertaken by PNDL, which has started in the beginning of 1996; the elaboration of the Par?metros Curriculares Nacionais (PCNs) [National Curriculum Parameters], in 1998; and the Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais (DCNs) [National Curriculum Guidelines], in 2013. Furthermore, we have tried to problematize what will be, from now on, the possibilities of change, also in history textbooks, after the approval of the Base Nacional Curricular Comum (BNCC) [National Curricular Common Base] in 2017. The analysis of the sources allowed us to verify that most of the contents, in the textbooks, continue to privilege the political and economic aspects. In this way, the approaches on women, when mentioned, appear in complementary texts, separated from the main subject. The study of representations, as proposed by Roger Chartier, was the basis for the construction of the analyzes that constitute this work. / Este trabalho tem por objetivo analisar as representa??es sobre as mulheres nos livros did?ticos de hist?ria direcionados aos ?ltimos anos do Ensino Fundamental (8? e 9? ano) utilizados nas escolas p?blicas do Brasil, aprovados pelo Programa Nacional do Livro Did?tico - PNLD em 2008, 2011 e 2014. Entre as quest?es contidas na disserta??o est? presente a inquieta??o em rela??o ? forma como a atua??o das mulheres enquanto agentes hist?ricos foi constru?da ao longo dos anos nos materiais did?ticos. O foco principal das an?lises recaiu sobre os textos e imagens contidas nos seguintes livros did?ticos - LD Hist?ria, Sociedade & Cidadania (2006), Projeto Ararib? (2007) e Estudar Hist?ria: Das origens do homem ? era digital (2011), haja vista que os livros did?ticos s?o ferramentas importantes na consolida??o e propaga??o de representa??es. Desse modo, procurou-se pensar a esfera da representa??o das mulheres nos livros escolares produzidos ap?s um per?odo de reformas educacionais: o processo de avalia??o dos livros did?ticos empreendidos pelo PNLD, que teve in?cio em 1996, a elabora??o dos Par?metros Curriculares Nacionais - PCN (1998), das Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais - DCN (2013). Al?m disso, buscou-se problematizar quais ser?o, daqui para frente, as possibilidades de mudan?a tamb?m nos livros did?ticos de Hist?ria ap?s a aprova??o da Base Nacional Comum Curricular - BNCC (2017). A an?lise das fontes nos permitiu constatar que a maior parte dos textos, nos LD, continua privilegiando os aspectos pol?ticos e econ?micos. Desse modo, as abordagens sobre as mulheres, quando mencionadas, aparecem em textos complementares, separadas do corpo principal do conte?do. O estudo das representa??es, tal como proposto por Roger Chartier, foi a base para a constru??o das an?lises deste trabalho.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T19:30:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Caroline Goncalves.pdf: 8456004 bytes, checksum: 1226d667e42dd2e7822a64bac9de46ca (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-06-04 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / The study examines the written material made public by Ernestina Lesina, an Italian socialist immigrant whose political action consisted chiefly in the defence of the working women s cause through an indefatigable participation in the debate of ideas supported by Anima e Vita, the weekly newspaper she published. The examination brings to life the tensions all too real in which the town of São Paulo was awash with early in the 20th century a time of fast urbanization and structuring of the industrial system and closely follows the spreading of political ideas and the outset of clashes between unions and employers. After depicting a general view of feminine, feminist and working class woman press, the study concentrated on the analysis of Anima e Vita and attested to the consistency of subjects covered and themes chosen, such as women s awareness of their role in society, anticlericalism, free love, marriage, education, work, and maternity/family. Ernestina Lesina s articles draw a clear profile of the socialist ideology to the indoctrination of which she devoted her efforts, emphasizing women s self-esteem and awareness, along with the vital importance of the fight to conquer their rights / A dissertação analisa os escritos propagados por Ernestina Lesina, imigrante socialista italiana, cuja atuação política consistiu precipuamente em defender a causa das mulheres operárias mediante a participação no debate de ideias, estimulado pelo Anima e Vita, jornal que dirigia. A investigação restaura o universo de tensões vivido na cidade de São Paulo no início do século XX, momento de urbanização intensa e estruturação do sistema fabril, acompanhado pela disseminação das ideias políticas e a gênese das lutas operárias. Recompondo o cenário da imprensa feminina, feminista e operária, privilegiou-se a análise do semanário Anima e Vita, observando a circularidade de seus discursos e a valorização de temas como compreensão das mulheres de seu papel histórico, anticlericalismo, amor livre, casamento, educação, trabalho e maternidade/família. Os artigos de Ernestina Lesina delineiam um perfil do ideário socialista a cuja propagação ela se dedicou, enfatizando a conscientização das mulheres e a importância fundamental de lutarem pelos seus direitos

Våld mot kvinnor är ett globalt folkhälsoproblem och länge har kvinnan stått i fokus som enda offret i familjen, men nu vet man att även barn som bevittnat våldet påverkas negativt i hög grad. Varje år söker sig tusentals kvinnor och barn till landets kvinnojourer för att få stöd och skydd. Syftet med den här uppsatsen var att få kunskap om hur kvinnor som är engagerade i arbetet på kvinnojourer beskriver att de bemöter barn som bevittnat våld och hur de arbetar för att hjälpa dem i deras situation I studien användes en kvalitativ metod där fem enskilda intervjuer med jourkvinnor utförts. Det insamlade materialet har analyserats utifrån innehållsanalys och temat som växte fram ur analysen var ”Trygghet”. Resultatet har analyserats i förhållande till traumateori samt begreppet empati. I resultatet framkommer det att barn på kvinnojouren uppvisar symptom som kan jämföras med traumatisering och posttraumatisk stress till exempel aggressivitet, undvikande beteende och hyperaktivitet. Studien visar att jourkvinnorna bemöter barnen på kvinnojouren med ett empatiskt förhållningssätt, genom att vara lyhörda för barnens behov och lägga stor vikt vid att bygga upp tillit hos barnet. I mötet med barnet var leken en betydelsefull del.  I rollen som jourkvinna är trygghet centralt i arbetet med barn som bevittnat våld. Kunskap på kvinnojourer finns men de skulle vilja ha mer fortbildning. / Violence against women is a global public health problem and for a long time the woman has been in the spotlight as the only victim in the family, but now we know that children who have witnessed violence are greatly affected. Each year, thousands of women and children are seeking women shelters for support and protection. The purpose of this paper was to obtain knowledge about how women who are engaged in work at women's shelters describe that they support children who have witnessed violence and how they work to help them in their situation. In this study, a qualitative method was used and five individuals that are involved with women shelters were interviewed. The material collected has been analyzed based on content analysis and the theme that emerged from the analysis was “Safety”. The theoretical perspective that has been used to analyze the outcome is trauma theory and the concept of empathy. The result shows that the children in the shelter are showing signs of symptoms that can be compared with trauma and post-traumatic stress for example, aggression, avoidance behavior and hyperactivity. The result of the study also shows that the women treat the children at the shelter with an empathetic approach. To do that they are responsive to children's needs and a strong emphasis is placed on building a bond of trust with the child. In their contact with the children, playing was an important part. Feeling secure was central in their work with children who have witnessed violence. The shelters have knowledge but they want more education.

Bakgrund: Bröstcancer är den vanligaste cancerformen som drabbar kvinnor i Sverige och i världen. Behandlingen för bröstcancer är oftast ett kirurgiskt ingrepp där delar eller hela bröstet tas bort, den så kallade mastektomi. En mastektomi kombineras ofta med andra cancerbehandlingar. Bröst anses som en symbol för kvinnlighet, och om det tas bort kan kvinnans självbild påverkas negativt. Tidigare forskning har visat att mastektomi påverkar kvinnans psykosociala hälsa negativt och förutom kvinnans egna copingstrategier, har den sociala omgivningen en central roll hos den mastektomerade kvinnans psykiska hälsa. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att beskriva bröstcancer drabbade kvinnors psykosociala hälsa efter en mastektomi. Metod: En litteraturstudie som baseras på tio kvalitativa vetenskapliga artiklar. Samtliga artiklar analyserades och redovisades i resultatdelen under huvudkategorier och subkategorier. Resultat: Fem huvudkategorier och nio subkategorier framkom utifrån de tio vetenskapliga artiklarna. Huvudkategorierna är: personlig utveckling, arbete, sysselsättning och ekonomi, kvinnlig identitet, psykiska ohälsa, socialt nätverk. Slutsats: Kvinnors psykosocial hälsa försämras efter en mastektomi, men upplevelsen varierar utifrån deras ålder och hur de kan hantera och bearbeta sina känslor. Kvinnor som genomgått mastektomi behöver individuellt anpassat stöd och bemötande. Klinisk betydelse: Sjuksköterskor bör ha ett gott och individuellt anpassat bemötande av dessa kvinnor. Denna litteraturstudie hjälper sjuksköterskor att få mer kunskap om bröstcancerdrabbade kvinnors upplevelse och psykosociala hälsan efter mastektomi. / Background: Breast cancer is the most common form of cancer affecting women in Sweden and worldwide. Treatment for breast cancer is usually a surgical procedure where parts of the breast or the entire breast are removed, a so-called mastectomy. Breasts are seen as a symbol of femininity, and if removed, the woman's self-image is affected negatively. Previous research has shown that the operation affects a woman's psychosocial health negatively, and beside the woman’s own coping skills, social environment does have a central part in the woman’s psychological health. Aim: The aim of this study was to describe the psychosocial health after a mastectomy in women with breastcancer. Method: This study is a study based on ten qualitative, scientific articles. All articles are analyzed and presented under main- and subcategories. Results: Five major categories and nine sub-categories emerged from the analysis, the main categories are: personal development, work, activities and economics, female identity, mental illhealth and social network. Conclusion: Women's psychosocial health is affected after a mastectomy, but the experience can vary based on their age and how they cope with their feelings. Mastectomized women need individualized care. Clinical significance: Nurses must have a good and individualized care towards these women. This literature study will help nurses to get more knowledge of women with breast cancer experience and psychosocial health after mastectomy.

Gender equality is important for a country´s development. Turkey want to be a full member of the EU, gender equality is therefore an important factor to investigate. This research paper aims to address the reasons for women´s low representation in the decision-making positions, mainly in the Turkish Parliament. The purpose is to understand what casual mechanisms that impact the women representation at the national level in the Turkish Parliament.  The research methods is carried out with in-depth interviews namely, semi-structured interviews in Turkey with four Members of Parliament, a gender-expert lawyer and three women´s organizations namely, Kadin Adaylari Destekleme Dernegi and Ucan Süpürge, while the interview with Türk Üniversiteli Kadinlar Dernegi consists of group interview. Furthermore relevant literature was used in order to complement the interviews. The overreaching theoretical framework used in the thesis consists of gender theory and complementary different concept definitions, namely, Culture Matters, Low representation of Women, Modernization and Patriarchy. These concepts have been the foundation of the analysis and have added understanding of the reasons for women´s low representation in the Turkish Parliament. The common perception of the interviewees to solutions were quotas, increase the education, to start with democracy first in the family, make the society aware of the problem of gender inequality. The main conclusions drawn from this research were that the government and the NGOs are aware of the problems on gender equality; they are working together to combat the inequality between sexes. The government is also aware of that they have reached a certain level of gender equality in the Parliament compared to the last decades. The process of gender equality is slowly developing but there is a will to achieve gender equality in the Turkish Parliament.

A depressão em mulheres tornou-se um grave problema de saúde pública e importante causa de incapacitação tanto em países em desenvolvimento como nos desenvolvidos. De acordo com a literatura psiquiátrica, a mulher apresentaria maior vulnerabilidade à depressão devido à influência do ciclo reprodutivo feminino e às diferentes fases e oscilações hormonais pelas quais as mulheres passariam durante suas vidas, entre outros fatores que aumentam sua vulnerabilidade. Configura-se como de fundamental importância, portanto, a contribuição das ciências sociais para a compreensão e discussão da questão da depressão feminina, bem como da própria definição do fenômeno. O presente trabalho tem como objetivos: caracterizar o perfil sociodemográfico e trajetórias de vida das mulheres com diagnóstico de depressão, sujeitos da pesquisa; identificar motivos que levaram as mulheres a buscar assistência em saúde por ocasião do diagnóstico de depressão; desvelar sentidos atribuídos pelas mulheres à experiência do diagnóstico de depressão; caracterizar processos de elaboração da vivência com a depressão pelas próprias mulheres; analisar as narrativas das mulheres, a partir da leitura biomédica e de gênero, na perspectiva das ciências sociais. A pesquisa, de natureza qualitativa, utilizou a técnica dos depoimentos pessoais para a coleta de dados a partir de roteiro temático. As narrativas foram interpretadas com base na análise do discurso à luz das ciências sociais. Os discursos das mulheres revelaram a multidimensionalidade e a interligação dos sintomas da depressão, bem como a diversidade de motivos atribuídos à doença, tais como histórias de conflitos familiares, violência doméstica, sobrecarga de responsabilidades, luto de familiares e interferência espiritual. A medicação juntamente com a prática religiosa foram as principais estratégias utilizadas pelas mulheres para enfrentar a doença. Entretanto, a influência de conceitos e valores de gênero na saúde mental, bem como o silêncio a respeito da violência e o isolamento social demonstraram a importância de novas formas de abordagem e intervenção por parte dos serviços de saúde no que se refere ao fenômeno da depressão. / Depression in women has become a serious public health problem and major cause of disability in both developed and developing countries. According to psychiatric literature, women present higher vulnerability to depression due to the influence of the female reproductive cycle and different phases and hormonal fluctuations they would face during their lifetime, among other factors. The contribution of social sciences is, therefore, of paramount importance for understanding and discussing the issue of female depression, as well as the very definition of the phenomenon. This study aims at characterizing the sociodemographic profile and life trajectories of women diagnosed with depression, subjects of the present research; identifying reasons why women seek health care at the time of the diagnosis of depression; uncovering the meanings attributed by such women to the experience of such diagnosis; characterizing processes of elaboration of the experience of living with depression by women themselves and analyzing the narratives of women as from biomedical and gender readings from the perspective of social sciences. The research is qualitative, having used the technique of personal accounts to collect data from the viewpoint of a thematic guide. The narratives were interpreted through discourse analysis from the viewpoint of the social sciences. The womens discourse revealed the multidimensionality and interconnection of the symptoms of depression as well as the diversity of motives attributed to the disease, such as histories of family conflicts, domestic violence, excessive responsibility, grieving relatives and spiritual interference. Medication along with religious practice were the main strategies used by women to cope with the illness. However, the influence of concepts and gender values in mental health, as well as silence about violence and social isolation have demonstrated the importance of health services using new approaches and practices regarding the phenomenon of depression.