Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:33:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2005-03-07Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:45:17Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 torquato_ib_dr_mar.pdf: 2002634 bytes, checksum: 0c1fe463e562aaf51929b281a62304a9 (MD5) / A tese de doutorado denominada Avaliação dos impactos das propagandas políticas 'Amigos da Escola' no âmbito escolar descreve e avalia os impactos que a campanha publicitária da Rede Globo de Televisão causou nos sujeitos informantes: alunos do Curso de Pós-graduação em Educação da Unesp, Faculdade de Ciências de Bauru; professores universitários e comunicadores, usuários do site Comunique-se. A campanha tem como objetivo o chamamento de voluntários para participarem das ações político-sócio-pedagógicas nas escolas da rede pública. Durante o experimento, coletamos os dados, através de questionário composto por perguntas semifechadas, fechadas e abertas. A metodologia e os resultados foram embasados pelo referencial da semiótica fenomenológica de Charles Sanders Peirce. Os resultados quantitativos mostram que a proposta da campanha foi aceita por 59% dos informantes. Trata-se de um resultado positivo, visto que pela primeira vez temos uma campanha publicitária televisiva que se propõe a mobilizar a sociedade organizada civil (terceiro setor), se não para participar ativamente dos problemas da escola pública brasileira, pelo menos para tomar conhecimento sobre eles. / This doctorate thesis named Avaliação dos Impactos da Propaganda Política 'Amigos da Escola' no Âmbito Escolar (Evaluation of the Impacts of the Publicity Campaign 'Schools Friends' on a Sample of Informants) describes and evaluates the impacts of the Brazilian TV station Rede Globo's publicity campaign on its informants. These were postgraduates in Science Education from Faculdade de Ciências in the city of Bauru, São Paulo state; college professors; media professionals and Comunique-se website users. The data were collected through interviews with the informants which were revised and formatted so they were closed, semi-open and open questions. Based on Peircean semiotics, the analysis revealed that the proposal of that campaign was approved of by 59% of the informants, which is a positive result provided it is the first time there is a TV publicity campaign aimed to mobilize non-profit organisations at national level either to help schools run by the Brazilian government improve or to be aware of their problems.

L'arrivée d'Internet dans le quotidien de la population des pays industrialisés comme le Canada et la France a eu des effets sur les stratégies de communication externe adoptées par les gestionnaires d'organisations. Plus récemment, grâce au Web 2.0, c'est le Web social qui fait son apparition et qui transforme les façons de communiquer. Les destinations touristiques et plus précisément les organisations de gestion de la destination qui les gèrent et qui en font la promotion sont touchées par ces changements. Cette thèse a comme objectif de répondre à la question de la problématique de départ : comment les organisations de gestion de la destination s'adaptent-elles à ce nouvel environnement communicationnel?Dans cette thèse, la communication externe des organisations de gestion de la destination est explorée à travers le prisme de théories et de modèles de la communication. Le sujet a été étudié dans son contexte, où les médias traditionnels sont bouleversés autant par Internet que par de nouveaux outils disponibles grâce aux nouvelles technologies de l'information et de la communication. C'est à l'aide d'observations provenant de l'étude d'un cas, celui de Tourisme Montréal, une organisation privée à but non lucratif qui regroupe quelques 750 membres (hôtels, restaurants, attraits touristiques, etc.) que des hypothèses posées en lien avec la problématique de départ ont été vérifiées.Le travail de recherche est divisé en deux grandes parties. La première partie établit les bases de référence pour la construction de la thèse. La seconde partie est dédiée à l'étude d'un cas qui permet de comparer les connaissances théoriques à celles provenant de la réalité d'une organisation de gestion de la destination. La méthodologie de recherche pour l'étude de cas inclut une collecte de données issues de différentes sources, dont l'entretien compréhensif, l'observation et l'analyse de documents. / The arrival of Internet in the daily life of people in industrialised countries like Canada and France has affected organizations' external communication strategies. More recently, the emergence of social media brought forward by Web 2.0 is transforming how people and organizations are communicating. Tourism destinations and more specifically destination management organizations that manage and promote them are affected by these changes. The objective of this thesis is to answer the initial research question: How are destination management organizations adapting to this new communication environment?In this thesis, the external and promotional communication of destination management organizations is studied through the prism of communication models and theories. The subject has been observed in its context where traditional media is challenged by new tools available with new communication and information technology. The case of Tourisme Montréal, a non-profit private organization counting some 750 members (hotels, restaurants, attractions, etc. ) was analysed and the observations participate in the verification of the initial questioning.The work is divided into two major parts. The first part establishes the reference basis for the construction of the thesis. The second part is dedicated to the study of our chosen case, Tourisme Montréal. It compares theory knowledge to the reality of destination management organizations. The methodology used in our research includes data collection from different sources including interviews, observation and the analysis of various types of documents.

In light of contradictory findings in previous research regarding the activity-based workspaces’ effect on organisational behaviour, this study applies The Activity-based Flexible Office Model on the company Kognity, which recently implemented this office concept. The purpose is to test if this may increase understanding of consequences on organisational behaviour from implementing an activity-based workspace. Semi-structured interviews and observations at Kognity are used as methods for the collection of data for the study. As secondary data, results from web-based surveys conducted by Kognity are used. Furthermore, previous research within the field of organisational behaviour and activity-based office concepts are used to give the study credibility and to gain a deeper insight of the topic. The theoretical framework for this study is based on The Activity Based Flexible Office Model and Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory. The conclusion is that the activity-based workspace does affect organisational behaviour. Applying the Activity Based Flexible Office Model increases the understanding of what the implementation of an activity-based workspace may lead to in terms of organisational behaviour. The model is a useful tool which shows that task-related moderators can determine in what extent the workspace effects organisational behaviour, depends on individual values and task requirements. Further, application of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs shows that the higher needs in Maslow’s hierarchy of needs may be met through the freedom of choice within an activity-based workspace. / Tidigare forskning, som berör vilka konsekvenser implementeringen av ett aktivitetsbaserat kontor har på de anställda samt hur det påverkar organisatoriskt beteende, har visat sig vara motsägelsefull. För att bidra till ökad kunskap, applicerar den här studien modellen The Activity-based Flexible Office Model på ett företag vid namn Kognity. Kognity har nyligen implementerat ett aktivitetsbaserat kontor. Semi-strukturerade intervjuer och observationer utfördes på Kognity. Studien använde sig även av sekundärdata i form av resultat från enkäter som Kognity utför själva. Den teoretiska referensramen som applicerades på den här studien var The Activity-based Flexible Office Model samt Maslows behovsteori. Studiens slutsatser är att organisatoriskt beteende påverkas av implementerandet av ett aktivitetsbaserat kontor. Genom att applicera The Activity-based Flexible Office Model ges bidrag till ökad förståelse för konsekvenserna av implementerandet av ett aktivitetsbaserat kontor. Modellen är ett användbart verktyg för att undersöka vilka faktorer som påverkar och vilka omständigheter som kan påverka ytterligare. Vidare visar applicerandet av Maslows behovsteori att ett aktivitetsbaserat kontor skulle kunna möta de högre behoven i teorin tack vare anställdas frihet att välja sin arbetsplats.

La présente thèse vise à déterminer les ressorts de l’ascension sociale des Cibiel, entre 1754 et 1914, organisée durant quatre générations sur un mode collectif, au cours de laquelle ils passent du colportage local entre montagne du Cantal et plaines, au négoce et à la finance au niveau national puis international : ils édifient, à partir du textile et du Sud-ouest, un empire financier et industriel dans tous les domaines de la Révolution industrielle – transports, secteur minier et métallurgique et dérivés, modernisation urbaine – complété par un patrimoine foncier de premier ordre. L’analyse de cette mutation progressive permet de comprendre quelles sont les stratégies et les logiques mises en œuvre par les différents « acteurs » de la famille, mettant en synergie jeux communs et jeux individuels pour conquérir un pouvoir économique et sociopolitique majeur au sein des réseaux d’élites, à partir d’un réseau familial insolite implanté dans une logique de comptoirs à l’image de celui des Rothschild. La mobilisation de la méthodologie d’analyse des réseaux et de la sociologie des organisations, notamment la théorie de « l’acteur stratégique » de Michel Crozier et Erhard Friedberg, pour étudier la dynamique des Cibiel, permet de mesurer à quelles conditions « l’union fait la force ». Alors que la succession d’un « acteur-clé » aux trois premières générations joue un rôle moteur pour le collectif familial, la rupture introduite par une « stratégie d’affrontement » intrafamiliale à la dernière génération marque la fin de la « bonne fortune » prodigieuse de la famille Cibiel et de sa success story singulière. / The present thesis aims at determining the origins and forces of the social climbing of the French family Cibiel, between 1754 and 1914, through four generations. Within these 160 years, the family rose from local peddling to international trade and finance. Starting from textile trading in the Southwest of France, the Cibiels gradually built a financial and industrial empire which stretched over all the fields impacted by the Industrial Revolution — transports, mining, metallurgy, urban modernizing —, and accumulated a considerable estate. The analysis of this gradual transformation enables the understanding of the strategies and logics implemented by the various "players" of the family. They forged synergistic common games and individual games to conquer a major economic and socio-political power within elite networks. Their social climbing hinges on an unusual family network, that developed itself through a counters approach, similar to the Rothschilds network. The network analysis and the sociology of organizations methodologies have been used, particularly the "strategic player" theory of Michel Crozier and Erhard Friedberg, to study the Cibiels’ dynamics. They support the assessment of what makes unity a strength. The emergence of a "key player" at each of the first three generations plays a leading role in the family collective. With the break introduced by an intrafamilial "confrontational strategy" at the last generation came the end of the prodigious "good fortune" of the Cibiel family and of its singular success story.

Avec les orientations prises en 2002 par la Commission Bancaire de l’Afrique Centrale (COBAC) en vue de développer les activités microfinancières, le métier de la microfinance s’est transformé dans sa forme organisationnelle (en passant de l’informel au formel) mais aussi dans sa relation avec son environnement. L’observation du terrain met en lumière que cette perspective est largement déterminée par la coopération entre les très petites entreprises (TPE) et les établissements de microfinance (EMF) dont les pratiques managériales sont soumises à l’épreuve de la réglementation. A ce titre, la réglementation conditionne les pratiques des acteurs, et donc devrait contribuer au développement du marché et assurer la pérennité des EMF et TPE à travers leur coopération. Par rapport à ce qui précède, quels enseignements peut-on tirer de l’expérience gabonaise afin de générer une meilleure compréhension du problème de l’impact de la réglementation sur les acteurs du marché de la microfinance? Ce travail révèle qu’en environnement institutionnalisé, les EMF sont partagés entre deux attitudes : financière ou sociale. Il fait apparaître que plusieurs TPE, porteuses de projets, n’arrivent pas à bénéficier de l’offre du marché microfinancier. Ce paradoxe nous amène alors à interroger les différents comportements que la réglementation du marché de la microfinance traduit et induit. Nous avançons que ces comportements, de même que leur interaction, agissent sur la coordination des acteurs, c'est-à-dire sur la manière dont les EMF et les TPE sont gérés, ainsi que sur la coopération EMF/TPE. Ce travail participe ainsi à une meilleure compréhension du marché de la microfinance au Gabon. / With the direction taken in 2002 by the Banking Commission of Central Africa (COBAC) to develop microfinance activities, the business of microfinance has turned in its organizational form (moving from informal to formal), but also its relationship to its environment. Our field observation shows that this perspective is largely determined by the cooperation between the very small enterprises (VSE) and microfinance institutions (MFIs) whose management practices are put to the test of regulations. As such, the regulation affects the behavior of actors and thus should contribute to market development and the sustainability of MFIs and VSE through their cooperation. Compared to the above, what lessons can be learned from the Gabonese experience to generate a better understanding of the problem of the impact of regulation on the market of microfinance? We show that in an institutionalized environment, EMF have two options: a financial attitude and a social attitude. We show that many small businesses, with projects, are unable to benefit from the offer of the microfinance market. This paradox then leads us to question the different behaviors that the regulation of the microfinance market translated and induced. We induce that these behaviors as well as their interaction affect the internal organization of tasks (coordination) of the actors, that is to say on how EMF and VSE are managed, as well as the cooperation between EMF and VSE. This work opens up new areas of understanding of the microfinance market in Gabon.

Cette thèse porte sur la production des blogs journalistiques hébergés sur les sites web des quotidiens nationaux français et québécois. L’objectif de la recherche est d’identifier et de caractériser la zone d’incertitude maîtrisée par les journalistes en vue de réaliser les blogs. Cette réalisation s’inscrit dans un contexte économique en grande transformation et s’effectue dans des organisations qui prônent la division du travail en multitâche. La méthodologie consiste en la réalisation de 52 entretiens semi-directifs avec des journalistes et des responsables de blogs actifs au 1er avril 2014 dans 12 titres français et québécois ; des analyses techniques et informatiques du logiciel WordPress ; d’une analyse de contenu des blogs et des quotidiens ; et des observations en ligne des blogs.Les principaux résultats montrent que la réalisation d’un blog s’effectue par l’instauration d’un concept éditorial porteur auquel les journalistes s’identifient à la fois de manière professionnelle et personnelle. Dans le cadre de la production, les animateurs établissent des routines individuelles (sélection des sujets et rédaction des textes) et négocient des routines collectives (révision, mise en ligne et gestion des commentaires) avec des employés divers (secrétaires de rédaction, community managers, etc.) travaillant pour le quotidien. Le recours à ces autres acteurs permet aux journalistes de les libérer de ces tâches spécialisées et éreintantes. / This thesis examines the production of journalistic blogs on French and Quebec national dailies’ websites. The objective of this research is to identify and characterise the zone of uncertainty controlled by journalists in order to realise blogs. This realisation is part of an economic context in great transformation and takes place in organisations that advocate multitasking.The methodology consists of the implementation of 52 semi-structured interviews with journalists and those responsible for active blogs on 1 April 2014, in 12 French and Quebec newspapers; technical and computer analysis of the software WordPress; a content analysis of blogs and newspapers; and online observations of blogs.The main results show that the creation of a blog is carried out by the establishment of a leading editorial concept to which journalists identify themselves both in a professional and personal way. As part of the production, journalists establish individual routines (selection of topics and drafting of texts) and negotiate collective routines (reviewing, uploading and comment management) with various employees (subeditors, community managers, etc.) working for the newspaper. The use of these other actors allows journalists to free themselves from these specialised and gruelling tasks.

I determined the preferences of mobile phone attributes on the basis of an on-line consumer research, which I conducted with a questionaire created in the Google Docs application. Thanks to the questionaire, I was able to gain information about the evaluation of the importance of 19 functional parametres made by the queired respondents. Through the use of this evaluation I counted the strength for particular parametres and various segments of customers. Differences in the importance of atributes for selected segments were found especially among the categories of age and sex. The teenage generation prefers Bluetooth or a high capacity of the mobile phone memory also in means of memory stics. Enquired young men attach the highest importance to the same attributes as teenagers, but for women in the same category is crucial particularly the visual image of the mobile phone, such as the size of the display, its proportions and weight. What did not have any success among the particular parametres, was the function of TV, which was put on the last place on the imaginary ladder of importance. I stated the recommended telephones on the basis of calculated stregths of the attributes, point evaluation of the experts and price of the selected mobile phones. Among the five recommended products I would like to mention telephone brands {\clq}qNOKIA 6300``, {\clq}qSONY ERICSSON W910i``, {\clq}qNOKIA 3110``, {\clq}qSONY ERICSSON W760i`` a {\clq}qSAMSUNG SGH i8510``.

In recent years, the social and legal protection of children has been much discussed and talked over by the general public. To a considerable extent that is definitely a result of the upcoming amendment to the Children?s Social and Legal Protection Act No. 359/1999 Coll., which is going to bring numerous changes regarding individuals taking part in the social and legal protection of children. The opening focuses on governmental and non-governmental organisations that cooperate with families. The social and legal protection of children, its structure and historical course are analysed and the issue of child neglect as well as the procedures of the children?s social and legal protection authorities and further cooperating subjects are specified. Family redevelopment is another point which is aimed at. Important constitutional and international documents related to the social and legal protection of children are described. Last but not least, the ethical code of a social worker is mentioned, which represents one of the fundamental documents in social work. The objective of the research lay in monitoring the circumstances of the cooperation between the Children?s Social and Legal Protection Authority (OSPOD) and the non-governmental non-profit organisations (NNO) in the Regions of South Bohemia and Pilsen. The thesis analyses the effects of the cooperation between the OSPOD and NNO and compares the attained experience of the subjects taking part in family redevelopment. The research questions of the thesis focused on cooperation negotiation between the children?s social and legal protection authorities and non-governmental non-profit organisations, determining strengths and weaknesses of such cooperations. Having processed the obtained data it was found out that the form of cooperation negotiation between the OSPOD and NNO is not cohesive. It takes place upon an individual agreement between individual OSPODs and NNOs. Additionally, the strengths and weaknesses of the cooperation between the OSPOD and NNO were further specified based upon the carried out research. To complete the task, a questioning method of dialogue was selected for the research. Half-standard discussions with the workers of the children?s social and legal protection authorities as well as non-governmental non-profit organisations took place in the Regions of South Bohemia and Pilsen.

Educational organisations call for strategies that allow them to meet the constant and changing demands of their environment. It is not a question of organisations adapting to social change, but of them also being able to anticipate change and to seek out alternatives. It is precisely the development of organisational learning and knowledge management strategies that allows these challenges to be met, providing organisations with tools and processes that allow them to generate new knowledge and capitalise on existing knowledge, thereby improving staff performance and, therefore, the performance of the organisation itself. In this paper, do we examine the development of organisational learning processes in educational institutions, and we also advocate knowledge management as the best strategy for promoting organisational learning and innovation. / Las organizaciones educativas requieren de estrategias que les permitan responder lascontinuas y cambiantes exigencias y necesidades de su entorno. No se trata de que las organizaciones se adapten a los cambios sociales, sino de que también sean capaces de anticiparse a ellos y de buscar alternativas. El desarrollo de estrategias de aprendizaje organizativo y gestión del conocimiento permite, precisamente, afrontar estos desafíos, dotando a las organizaciones de herramientas y procesos que les permitan generar nuevo conocimiento y rentabilizar el conocimiento existente, mejorando así el rendimiento de los trabajadores y, por tanto, de la propia organización. En este artículo revisamos el desarrollo de los procesos de aprendizaje organizativo en lasinstituciones educativas, y defendemos la gestión del conocimiento como la mejorestrategia para promover el aprendizaje organizativo y la innovación. / Organizações  educativas  exigem  estratégias  para  atender  às  demandas  e necessidades de seu ambiente de contínuo e em constante mudança. Não é que as organizações se adaptarem às mudanças sociais, mas também ser capaz de antecipá-los e encontrar alternativas. Desenvolver estratégias para a aprendizagem organizacional e gestão do conhecimento permite justamente atender a esses desafios, as organizações que oferecem ferramentas e processos que lhes permitam gerar novos conhecimentos e capitalizar o conhecimento já existente, melhorando assim o desempenho dos trabalhadores e, assim, da organização. Neste artigo, revisamos o desenvolvimento de processos de aprendizagem organizacional em instituições de ensino, e defender a gestão do conhecimento como a melhor estratégia para promover a aprendizagem organizacional e inovação.

Au cours du dernier demi-siècle, en France, des communes jusqu'ici considérées comme rurales ont connu une forte évolution démographique, triplant, voire quadruplant leur population, ce qui provoque une mutation de leur structure spatiale. Ces territoires sont dès lors pris en tenaille entre des législations édictées au niveau national qui mettent désormais en œuvre un « modèle de développement durable » et des dynamiques socio-économiques locales. L’enjeu de ce travail de thèse est de comprendre comment l’aménagement spatial peut accompagner la transition écologique dans ces communes de l’espace rural métropolisé pour tendre vers un développement durable. Le terrain d’étude, le territoire de la communauté de communes Eure Madrie Seine, (CCEMS : 23 communes, 28 663 habitants, 191,2 km²), entre Rouen et Paris, constitue un observatoire remarquable du complexe jeu d'échelles spatiales et temporelles qui mobilise les ressources locales, humaines et naturelles. Ce terrain permet en outre de considérer un niveau de décision et de cohésion trans-territoriale où les acteurs éprouvent dans l’action les différentes représentations du développement durable. Le premier objet de ce travail de thèse est d’examiner comment les composantes territoriales de cette communauté de communes influent sur la définition du développement durable à l'échelle locale (besoins des communes, logiques et stratégies des acteurs pour l'aménagement de l'espace). Le second aspect de cette étude est de déterminer comment le cadre législatif agit sur la mise en œuvre du développement durable dans les communes de cet espace rural métropolisé, et d’en analyser ses conséquences spatiales. Formant l’hypothèse que territoire et transition écologique sont intimement liés, il s’agit d’explorer les enjeux territoriaux au prisme du développement durable : une action locale qui s’inscrit dans un cadre législatif global au travers duquel se dessine une nécessaire équité territoriale. / Within half a century, in France, the municipalities so far regarded as rural have experienced a strong demographic evolution which have tripled, or even quadrupled, their population, causing a disorganisation of their spatial structure. Those territories have to link recent national legislation which now implements a "model of sustainable development ” and local socio-economic dynamics. The aim of this PhD thesis is to understand how spatial planning could accompany the ecological transition in these metropolitan rural areas. The district council Eure Madrie Seine, (CCEMS : 23, Municipalities, 28 663 habitants, 191,2 km²), between Paris and Rouen, offers an outstanding field for scale and temporality variations study mobilising local resources, including natural, human. This survey study also considers a new level of decision and trans-territorial cohesion where local stakeholders feel in the action various representations of sustainable development.The first objective of this research is to examine how territorial data oh this council district influences the definition of sustainable development at the local level (needs of the localities, spatial planning strategies of local stakeholders). The second objective is to determine how the legislation framework affects the implementation of sustainable development in rural metropolitan areas, and in particular to analyse the spatial consequences of this complex process. Based on the assumption that territory and ecological transition are interrelated, the aim is to explore territorial interest regarding sustainable development: local action included in a global legislation framework trough a necessary territorial equity.