The introduction of Education, Health and Care (EHC) plans proposed in the Children and Families Act 2014 has aimed to give parents and children who are going through the assessment process greater control and choice in decisions, and enhance the multi-professional collaboration between education, health services and social care. This research seeks to evaluate to what extent parents’, children and young people’s, and professionals' experiences correspond to these values at an early stage of implementation. The methodology of this thesis is based on a realistic evaluation framework informed by the work of Pawson and Tilley (1997). Realistic evaluation aims to construct a programme theory which links three distinct broad aspects of a programme: its context, mechanisms and outcomes (C-M-Os). This research employs a programme theory of how an EHC assessment is conducted and has been developed from the current literature on person-centred theory. Person-centred theory has been chosen because of its corresponding value base to the SEND reforms and the recommendation of its use in a number of government policy documents including the SEND Code of Practice (DfE, 2014). The programme theory has been used to devise questionnaires that have sought to gain professionals' experiences of the assessment process, particularly in relation to multi-agency working, and their perceptions of the person-centred nature of the assessment. In addition, five case studies have explored these issues in more depth to ascertain whether the EHC assessment process in this authority is meeting the core aims of the Children and Families Act 2014. Semi structured interviews and card sorting tasks were devised using the programme theory and conducted with a total of one child, five families and five professionals from five individual EHC assessments. This analysis goes beyond a description of the facilitating factors and barriers to person-centred support and examines how person-centred outcomes arise from specific contexts and mechanisms. Findings suggest that experiences of face-to-face multi-professional collaboration were positive within the EHC assessment group. Nevertheless, professionals expressed frustration that in some cases colleagues were not able to attend meetings due to time constraints, capacity within their services and the commissioning arrangements of their services. Parental and professional experiences of the process appear to be positive. The research demonstrates one case study where a person centred planning approach was utilised very successfully from the perspective of all involved. However, there are significant concerns raised in both phases of this study as to the way in which children and young people are provided with opportunities of contributing to their EHC assessment. The findings are relevant to the development of the EHC assessment process in the local authority (LA) in which I am employed, and will contribute to the debate about the role of educational psychologists (EPs) in evaluating this national policy.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death, and the underlying atherosclerotic process has its origin in youth. Physical activity lowers future CVD risk, however few adolescents achieve the recommended minimum amount of daily activity and interventions fail to meaningfully increase activity levels in this group. It is therefore essential to identify how small volumes of exercise can be optimised for the primary prevention of CVD. The purpose of this thesis is to identify the influence of exercise intensity on vascular health outcomes in adolescents, and to assess the efficacy of 2 weeks of low volume, high-intensity interval training on CVD risk factors in this population. Chapter 4 demonstrates that a single bout of high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) performed one hour before a high fat meal elicits comparable reductions in postprandial lipaemia as a work-matched bout of moderate-intensity exercise (MIE) in girls. However, neither exercise attenuated postprandial lipaemia in the boys. Additionally, HIIE elicited a superior increase in postprandial fat oxidation and decrease in blood pressure, and this was sex independent. These findings are furthered in Chapter 5, which identified that accumulating HIIE, but not MIE, favourably modulates glycaemic control, postprandial blood pressure and fat oxidation in adolescents irrespective of sex. A high fat meal was included in Chapter 6 in order to impair vascular function via oxidative stress. Postprandial vascular function was preserved following MIE, but improved after HIIE, and these changes were not related to changes in postprandial lipaemia or total antioxidant status. Chapter 7 addressed the time course of the changes in vascular function post exercise, and identified that HIIE promotes superior changes in vascular function than MIE. Finally, Chapter 8 identified that 2 weeks of high-intensity interval training improved novel (endothelial function and heart rate variability), but not traditional CVD factors in adolescent boys and girls. However, most of these favourable changes were lost 3 days after training cessation. Thus, this thesis demonstrates that vascular health outcomes are positively associated with exercise intensity. Given that HIIE was perceived to be more enjoyable than MIE in Chapters 4, 6 and 7, performing HIIE appears to be an effectual and feasible alternative to MIE for the primary prevention of CVD.

Esta tese apresenta um estudo sobre a criação literária de Daniel Defoe, Robinson Crusoé, escrita em 1719. Seu estatuto de obra clássica com inúmeras adaptações inserea numa cadeia discursiva de porte extraordinário, na qual o personagem revela-se um mito. O presente estudo, alicerçado no conceito de compreensão criadora de Mikhail Bakhtin, buscou uma ampliação de sentidos na análise do objeto empírico, com os seguintes objetivos: questionar um possível uso de obras clássicas como fetiches, o esvaziamento de seus sentidos e averiguar a hipótese de Robinson Crusoé ser um protótipo do homem como ser de linguagem, metalinguístico. O levantamento de tal hipótese foi possível pela concepção da dialogia da linguagem, entendida no conceito do Círculo de Bakhtin. A metodologia utilizada constou de sucessivas leituras da obra em questão, seleção de atos de linguagem expressos pelo personagem e sua categorização. A partir daí foram buscadas as representações do Outro nos enunciados de Robinson durante o período de seu total isolamento na ilha em que naufragou; a procura foi norteada pelo conceito da constituição dialógica da palavra, dado que no contexto de enunciação não havia presença real de interlocutores. Como forma de enfatizar o caráter dialógico da linguagem, realizou-se, também, uma seleção de marcas do Outro no relato autobiográfico do personagem (a obra em seu todo), algumas delas explicitamente visualizadas. As reflexões de diferentes autores acham-se presentes neste estudo: Roland Barthes, Michel de Certeau, Jeanne Marie Gagnebin, Ivonne Bordelois, Zygmunt Bauman, Dominique Maingueneau, Fernando Savater, David Olson, George Steiner. Os resultados do trabalho atestam a propriedade da hipótese formulada e demonstram a força da linguagem na vida humana, confirmando a necessidade de valorização da palavra em meio à crise cultural presente na modernidade líquida. / The following thesis presents a study on Daniel Defoes literary creation Robinson Crusoe, written in 1719. Its status as a literary classic that has been the subject of endless adaptations gives Robinson Crusoe an extraordinary position in the discursive chain, revealing the character as a myth. The present study, based on Mikhail Bakhtins concept of creative understanding, sought to amplify the meanings in the analysis of its empirical object, with the following aims: to question the possible use of classic works as fetishes, to empty its meanings and to investigate the hypothesis of Robinson Crusoe being a prototype of man as a being of language, a metalinguistic being. This hypothesis was enabled by the concept of the dialogism of language, understood within the concept of Bakhtins Circle. The methodology employed consisted of successive readings of the work, the selection of acts of language expressed by the character, and their classification into categories. From this basis, the representations of the Other in Robinsons enunciations during his period of total isolation on the island where he was shipwrecked were sought; the search was guided by the concept of the dialogic constitution of speech, since within the context of the enunciation there were no actual conversational partners present. To stress the dialogic character of language, a selection was also made of the signs of the Other in the characters autobiographical account (the work as a whole), some of which were explicitly visualized. The reflections of different authors are present in this study: Roland Barthes, Michel de Certeau, Jeanne Marie Gagnebin, Ivonne Bordelois, Zygmunt Bauman, Dominique Maingueneau, Fernando Savater, David Olson, and George Steiner. The results of this study confirm the correctness of the hypothesis proposed and demonstrate the strength of language in human life, supporting the need to value speech in the midst of the cultural crisis of liquid modernity.

Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-01-20T14:19:59Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - José Elias Domingos Costa Marques - 2016.PDF: 4189898 bytes, checksum: 2e0859014e269cd8e7ebb009443af06c (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-01-20T14:20:23Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - José Elias Domingos Costa Marques - 2016.PDF: 4189898 bytes, checksum: 2e0859014e269cd8e7ebb009443af06c (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-20T14:20:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - José Elias Domingos Costa Marques - 2016.PDF: 4189898 bytes, checksum: 2e0859014e269cd8e7ebb009443af06c (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-10-21 / This doctoral thesis works with the theme of youth and political participation, specifically with regard to youth organizations militating within the political parties, namely youth wings. While subunits institutionally recognized by the parties in Brazil, the youths in the parties is a key area not only as a fertile field for formal political socialization, but mostly because participate in the arena of disputes and intra-party influences. These points draw the central issue: how institutional working dynamics of party youth organizations and what their role and influence in the arena party politics? In order to delimit the object of research and enable a higher breath study, from a specific focus subject, we analyzed in depth the Party's Youth Organisation of Workers Party (Brazil). The objective of the research in this sense is to analyze a party subunit "Juventude do PT" as the dynamics of organizational operation and intra-party political position, trajectory of institutional performance, as well as the motivations, goals, beliefs of young people who choose to military in a political party. The methodology from the point of view of the problem approach is qualitative and quantitative nature and the technical procedures for collecting consisted of indirect documentation collection technique and technique of intensive direct observation. We conclude that the ongoing institutionalization of JPT over three decades is accompanied by the maintenance of control of party leadership in some aspects of its political movement and deliberation, wich directly affecting its organizational autonomy. To function effectively, the JPT needs partisan leaders approval of material incentives and ratification of more general initiatives. The youth militants of PT reproduce in their youth organization disputes between the trends observed in the party sphere and the axes student movement and elections have been incorporated in the last decade other fronts of political intervention. And they envisage in a political party the opportunity to concretize in the field of political dispute their concerns about social problems and the building of ideals. / Esta tese de doutorado trabalha com a temática da juventude e participação política, especificamente no que se refere às organizações de jovens que militam dentro dos partidos políticos, a saber, as Juventudes Partidárias. Enquanto subunidades reconhecidas institucionalmente pelos partidos no Brasil, as juventudes nos partidos constituem um espaço crucial não somente como campo fértil de socialização política formal, mas principalmente porque participam na arena das disputas e influências intrapartidárias. Destes pontos extraímos a problemática central: como é a dinâmica de funcionamento institucional das organizações juvenis partidárias e qual seu papel e influência na arena política partidária? De forma a delimitar o objeto da pesquisa e possibilitar um estudo de maior fôlego, partindo de um recorte específico do tema, analisamos em profundidade a organização Juventude do Partido dos Trabalhadores. O objetivo da pesquisa, neste sentido, visa analisar uma subunidade partidária “Juventude do PT” quanto a sua dinâmica de funcionamento organizacional e posicionamento político intrapartidário, trajetória de atuação institucional, bem como as motivações, objetivos, crenças dos jovens que optam por militar em um partido político. A metodologia, do ponto de vista da abordagem do problema, é de cunho quali-quantitativa e os procedimentos técnicos de coleta consistiram no acesso a documentação indireta e técnica da observação direta intensiva, seguida da triangulação dos dados e análises sintonizadas com os objetivos propostos para esta pesquisa. Constatamos que a institucionalização em curso da JPT ao longo de três décadas vem acompanhada da manutenção do controle da direção partidária em alguns aspectos de sua movimentação política e deliberação, afetando diretamente sua autonomia organizativa. Para funcionar efetivamente, a JPT precisa da anuência dos dirigentes partidários em relação aos incentivos materiais e ratificação das iniciativas mais gerais. Os jovens petistas reproduzem em sua organização de juventude as disputas entre as tendências observadas na esfera partidária e aos eixos movimento estudantil e eleições progressivamente vêm sendo incorporadas na última década outras frentes de intervenção política. E eles vislumbram em um partido político a oportunidade de concretizar no campo da disputa política suas inquietações quanto aos problemas sociais e edificação de ideais.

Submitted by Marilene Donadel (marilene.donadel@unioeste.br) on 2017-08-23T18:59:05Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Diuslene R da Silva 2017.pdf: 3911235 bytes, checksum: f986cbf25381357ac3ae11c3812e45b6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-23T18:59:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Diuslene R da Silva 2017.pdf: 3911235 bytes, checksum: f986cbf25381357ac3ae11c3812e45b6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-06-20 / This is a field research and it is characterized as a social analytical research, whose technical procedures are supported by qualitative research. It aims at identifying and analyzing how deaths and injuries caused by traffic accidents involve the renewal of the youth workforce in the cities of Cascavel, Cafelândia, Toledo, Marechal Cândido Rondon, and Palotina, mainly due to the consequences of traffic violence involving and victimizing young people between the ages of 18 and 29, from January, 2012 to December, 2014. The five cities together have a fleet of more than 350,000 vehicles, with an average increase of 20.97% of the fleet in the last five years. The research used intentional stratified sampling that came from two sources: SYSBM – RGO from the 4th Groupement of Firefighters of the city of Cascavel, which records all occurrences of accidents with victims of the five cities surveyed; and the Data Bank of the 10th and 20th Regional Health, which have a database of all injured people of the five cities assisted by the Unified Health System. The data were collected after the approval of the research by the Research Ethics Committee of the State University of Western Paraná, in the second semester of 2016. For data analysis, the interpretative analysis was used, whose main categories of interpretation came from the built theoretical framework, which is articulated by the multidisciplinary concepts of environmental health. The results showed the similarity of the numbers of accidents, deaths and injuries recorded in medium- and small-size cities with those seen in larger urban centers. There was a predominance of motorcycle accidents, with prevalence of male victims. The number of injured people is much higher than the number of deaths and, in the medium and long term, it can influence the development projects of cities and, consequently, of the region. It was also observed that, in the region, punitive measures produce results of reduction in the numbers of occurrences. It was found that only a multidisciplinary intervention through education can modify the reality of numbers, by incorporating traffic as one of the dimensions of contemporary social life. / Trata-se de uma pesquisa de campo e se caracteriza uma pesquisa social analítica, cujos procedimentos técnicos se respaldam na pesquisa qualitativa. O objetivo é identificar e analisar de que forma as mortes e lesões causadas por acidentes de trânsito implicam na renovação da força de trabalho de jovens nas cidades de Cascavel, Cafelândia, Toledo, Marechal Cândido Rondon e Palotina, sobretudo, em razão de consequências decorrentes da violência no trânsito que envolve e vitimiza jovens entre 18 e 29 anos, no período de janeiro de 2012 a dezembro de 2014. As cinco cidades juntas somam uma frota superior a 350.000 veículos, com uma média de aumento anual nos últimos cinco anos de 20,97% da frota. A amostra da pesquisa foi intencional estratificada e partiu de duas fontes: SYSBM – RGO do 4º Grupamento de Bombeiros da cidade de Cascavel, que registra todas as ocorrências de acidentes com vítimas das cinco cidades pesquisadas, e o Banco de dados da 10ª e 20ª Regionais de Saúde, que dispõem de Banco de dados de todos os atendimentos a acidentados das cinco cidades pelo Sistema Único de Saúde. Os dados foram coletados após a aprovação da pesquisa pelo Comitê de Ética em pesquisa da Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, no segundo semestre do ano de 2016. Para a análise dos dados foi utilizada a análise interpretativa, cujas principais categorias de interpretação partiram do referencial teórico construído, que se articula pelos conceitos multidisciplinares da saúde ambiental. Os resultados alcançados apontaram a semelhança dos números de acidentes, óbitos e lesões registrados nas cidades de médio e pequeno porte com aqueles verificados nos centros urbanos maiores. Verificou-se a predominância dos acidentes com motocicletas, prevalecendo as vítimas do sexo masculino. O número de lesionados é muito superior ao número de óbitos e, no médio e longo prazo, pode influenciar os projetos de desenvolvimento das cidades e, consequentemente, da região. Evidenciou-se também que, na região, as medidas punitivas produzem resultados de redução nos números de ocorrências. Constatou-se que somente uma intervenção multidisciplinar pela via da educação, de forma a incorporar o trânsito como uma das dimensões da vida social contemporânea pode modificar a realidade dos números.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T14:27:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Nei Marcio Oliveira de Sa.pdf: 1551247 bytes, checksum: 7b16b45443c736f21dc0d2f0bb78ae12 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-10-05 / ADVENIAT / This research has the objective to reflect on the youth evangelization in the city of São Paulo, presenting the main questions that involve their reality in the megalopolis and the challenges to make a broad pastoral work in the current society. The reflection on this theme is essential because, nowadays, many parents, educators and pastoral agents are taken aback by the difficulty in establishing an evangelizing dialog with adolescents and young people and in understanding their world, habits, values and needs. Besides, the work done with the youth is the basis to the development of the society and of the institutions, including the church. Making use of the method See-Judge-Act and counting on the support of the varied bibliography, One starts from the anthropological and psychosocial aspects of the youth, realizing the conceptual analysis of the main terms that are utilized in its discrimination and analyzing its presence in the complex dynamics of work of the megalopolis. There are many realities of youth in the city, which need specific answers and request new pastoral strategies, differed and concomitant. Counting on the contribution of the theological reflection, based on the Scriptures, on the Teaching of the Church and on the indications done by the main current pastoral documents and plans, in this Dissertation the work done in the current context is evaluated and many proposals of actions to an effective evangelizing action of the youth in the city of Sao Paulo are presented / A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo refletir a evangelização da juventude da cidade de São Paulo, apresentando as principais questões que envolvem sua realidade na megalópole paulistana e os desafios para um abrangente trabalho pastoral na sociedade hodierna. A reflexão deste tema é essencial pois, na atualidade, muitos pais, educadores e agentes de pastoral estão perplexos com a dificuldade em estabelecer um diálogo evangelizador com os adolescentes e jovens e entender seu mundo, costumes, valores e necessidades. Além disso, o trabalho com a juventude é a base para o desenvolvimento da sociedade e das instituições, incluindo a Igreja. Utilizando-se do método Ver-Julgar-Agir e contando com o apoio de variada bibliografia, parte-se dos aspectos antropológicos e psicossociais da juventude, realizando a análise conceitual dos principais termos utilizados em sua discriminação e analisando sua presença na complexa dinâmica de funcionamento da megalópole paulistana. Constata-se a existência de várias realidades de juventude na cidade, que necessitam de respostas específicas e requerem novas estratégias pastorais, diferenciadas e concomitantes. Contando com a contribuição da reflexão teológica, embasada na Sagrada Escritura, no Magistério da Igreja e nas indicações feitas pelos principais documentos e planos de pastoral da atualidade, nesta Dissertação avalia-se o trabalho realizado no atual contexto e apresentam-se diversas propostas de ações para uma eficaz ação evangelizadora da juventude na cidade de São Paulo

Orientador: Raul Borges Guimarães / Resumo: Esta investigação tem o propósito de discutir o papel da educação do campo no enfrentamento dos conflitos de uso da terra em assentamentos rurais, a partir da visão dos jovens estudantes sobre as práticas agroquímicas e agroecológicas. Para isto, o ponto de partida e de chegada da análise dessa realidade foi o conflito entre esses dois modelos de agricultura expresso no descontentamento dos jovens estudantes da Escola Camponesa, cujo projeto político-pedagógico se opõe ao modelo do capitalismo no campo e defende a agroecologia. Trata-se de um debate que nasce do enfrentamento de três questões cruciais para os educadores e educadoras da Reforma Agrária: a primeira diz respeito à relação entre a Educação do Campo e a Saúde Ambiental; a segunda, a relação entre a utilização de práticas agroquímicas no assentamento e suas consequências; a terceira a relação entre a práxis pedagógica desenvolvida pela escola do assentamento e o projeto agroecológico defendido pelo MST. Para buscar possíveis respostas, o estudo teve por base uma pesquisa de campo de base qualitativa vivenciada no cotidiano do Assentamento Córrego da Areia, localizado no Município de São Mateus, norte do Espírito Santo, com o objetivo de compreender os alcances e os limites da práxis educativa, cultural e sociopolítica no contexto da escola do campo e seus reflexos no trabalho dos assentados na agricultura camponesa, mais especificamente com o manuseio de agrotóxicos e seus reflexos na saúde da família e no ambiente... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: This research has as aim to discuss of countryside education role at confrontations of conflicts about the usage of land at the rural settlements. It was considered from the young student’s point of view about agrochemical and agroecological techniques. The methodology chooses as starting and ending point of this reality was between two models of agriculture expressed at the discontent of the Young students of Peasant School, whose political pedagogical project is against to the capitalism model at the countryside, defending the agroecology. It is about a debate which starts at the of three crucial topics for the Agrarian Reform teachers. The first is about Countryside Education and Environment Health. The second is there lotion between the agrochemical techniques at the settlements and its consequences. The thirst is the relation between pedagogical practice developed by the settlement school and the agroecological Project defended by MST (Movimento Sem Terra, in portuguese, which means Landless Movement). In order to find possible answers, this study had as methodology a qualitative field surveys lived at routine of Córrego de Areia Settlement, located at countryside of São Mateus, north of Espírito Santo, Brazil. Its objective is to understand how long the educative, cultural and socio political praxis can be and what are its limits. It intends also to reflect about its impacts on the settlement work at peasant agriculture, more specifically at the application of agrotoxic... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Resumen: Esta investigación tiene como objetivo discutir el papel de la educación del campo para hacer frente a los conflictos del uso de la tierra en asentamientos rurales a partir de la visión de jóvenes estudiantes sobre las prácticas agroquímicas y agroecológicas. Para eso, el punto de partida y de llegada del análisis de esa realidad fue el conflicto entre esos dos modelos de agricultura visible en el descontento de los jóvenes estudiantes de la Escuela Campesina, cuyo proyecto político-pedagógico se opone al modelo del capitalismo en el campo y defiende la agroecología. Se trata de un debate que nace del enfrentamiento de tres cuestiones cruciales para los educadores de la Reforma Agraria: la primera dice respecto a la relación entre Educación del Campo y Salud Ambiental; la segunda, la relación entre la utilización de prácticas agroquímicas en el asentamiento y sus consecuencias; la tercera, la relación entre la praxis pedagógica desarrollada por la escuela del asentamiento y el proyecto agroecológico defendido por el Movimiento de los Trabajadores Rurales Sin Tierra - MST. Para buscar posibles respuestas, el estudio tuvo como base una investigación de campo, de base cualitativa, vivida en el día-a- día del Asentamiento Córrego da Areia‟, localizado en el municipio de São Mateus, norte del Estado de Espírito Santo, con el objetivo de comprender los alcances y límites de la praxis educativa, cultural y socio-política en el contexto de la escuela del campo y sus reflejos en el tr... (Resumen completo clicar acceso eletrônico abajo) / Mestre

Title: The Evaluation of the Current Situation of Posture and Flat Foot Occurrence among the Young, Engaged in the Sports and not Engaged in the Sports, in the West Bohemia Objectives: The main objective of this thesis is to find out the current situation of posture and flat feet occurrence and to evaluate these findings together with a questionnaire survey, focused on the physical activity among a representative sample of young people. Methods: The main methods used to find out the current state of posture were a Matthias' posture test and a diagnostic device for flat feet examination with a polarized light called a podoscope. Plantographs had been evaluated according to the Kapandji score (1985). By the means of the written questionnaire, a basic data about the probands were found out, especially about their interest in the physical activity and their involvement in the sport activity. To determine the optimal weight or overweight, the body mass index BMI was used. By the probands, the BMI was calculated from their recorded body weight and height, using the personal scale Salter 9204WH3R and standalone measure Tanita HR-001. Results: It was discovered 68 % of the tested probands have a faulty posture, and by 32 % of the probands, a flatfoot among 1ř to 3ř occurred. Next, it was found out that a...

The aim of this essay was to try to understand young people's experiences of participation and influence. The purpose has been to define participation and influence with young people's own words, and with the definition as a basis explore young people's experiences of participation and influence. The purpose has also been to seek understanding for young people's experiences of participation and influence by discuss young people's descriptions at different levels. There have been three research questions: How do young people define participation and influence?; Which experiences in life about participation and influence do young people narrate?; How do young people experience participation and influence and how do that come to expression? The first research question was answered by asking (n=13) secondary youth with methodological support of vignettes. The second and the third research question has been answered by collecting young people's narratives on the Internet. The (n=37) narratives were analyzed by support of content analysis and narrative analysis. The result was a definition of participation and influence put together from young people's own defining words. The result also shows that young people's experiences of participated and influence is about both having and not having participation and influence. Young people narrate more often about experiences of not participated and influence. Finally, the result show us that young people's experiences of participation and influence come to expression in three different ways were the young actor's agency has a central role. / Den här uppsatsen har handlat om att försöka förstå ungas erfarenheter och upplevelser av delaktighet och inflytande. Syftet har varit att definiera delaktighet och inflytande med utgångspunkt i ungas egna utsagor, samt att med utgångspunkt i definitionen undersöka ungas erfarenheter och upplevelser av delaktighet och inflytande. Syftet har också varit att söka förståelse för ungas upplevelser och erfarenheter av delaktighet och inflytande genom att diskutera ungas beskrivningar på olika nivåer. Tre frågeställningar har undersökts inom uppsatsen: Hur definierar unga delaktighet och inflytande?; Vilka erfarenheter i livet berättar unga om, som handlar om delaktighet och inflytande?; Hur upplever unga att delaktighet och inflytande tar sig uttryck för dem i deras liv? För att besvara den första frågeställningen har (n=13) gymnasieungdomar tillfrågats med stöd av vinjetter. För att besvara den andra och den tredje frågeställningen har ungas (n=37) berättelser på nätet samlats in och analyserats med stöd av innehållsanalys samt narrativanalys. Resultatet har visat på en definition av delaktighet och inflytande som sammanställts utifrån ungas egna definierande ord. Resultatet har också visat att ungas erfarenheter av delaktighet och inflytande handlar om både avsaknad av och upplevd delaktighet och inflytande, det var vanligare att unga beskrev avsaknad i berättelserna. Resultatet har slutligen visat att ungas upplevelser av delaktighet och inflytande tar sig uttryck på tre olika sätt där den unges aktörskap innehar en central roll.

<p><strong>Bakgrund:</strong> Det har visat sig att en utökad samverkan behövs för att fånga upp de barn och unga som far illa i samhället idag. Därför initierade regeringen år 2006 en nationell samverkanssatsning där målet var att långsiktigt stärka samverkan mellan berörda myndigheter. I anslutning till satsningen som nyligen avslutats har några dokument publicerats, bland annat ett strategidokument vars syfte var att stöda samverkansarbetet, samt en formativ utvärdering som sammanfattar erfarenheterna från projekten. I dokumenten framträdde inledningsvis en otydlig bild av vad som menas med kommunikation samt motstridiga budskap om hur kommunikationen fungerat.</p><p><strong>Syfte</strong>: Syftet med studien var att få en större förståelse för hur begreppet kommunikation kan förstås samt för hur det beskrivs att kommunikationen fungerat i samverkanssatsningen.</p><p><strong>Metod:</strong> En hermeneutisk textanalys har gjorts på ovanstående dokument för att försöka tydliggöra och förstå de oklarheter och paradoxala budskap som kunnat urskiljas i texterna.</p><p><strong>Resultat:</strong> Trots otydliga uttalanden visade textanalysen på att kommunikation i mångt och mycket kan förstås som ett verktyg eller medel för att uppnå en gemensam bas för samverkan. Kommunikation är vidare ett sätt att utbyta kunskap och information på, samt en väg till förståelse. Resultatet visar även att förhållningssättet till kommunikation till stor del överensstämmer med hur kommunikation traditionellt sett brukar uppfattas inom organisationer. På frågan om hur kommunikationen ansetts fungera mellan de samverkande var det svårt att få fram en enhetlig bild. I utvärderingen går det att läsa att det skett få eller inga förbättringar alls, medan det utifrån analysen av dokumentet i sin helhet finns uttalanden som talar både för och emot.</p>