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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
51

反傾銷制度與公共利益

陳財家 Unknown Date (has links)
當國際經貿日趨整合下,具相當爭議性的反傾銷制度,在貿易政策中扮演愈來愈重要的角色,如何在反傾銷制度中調和各方相關利益,已成為當前各國重要的議題。本文首先建構基本理論模型、接著實證檢測我國反傾銷個案,藉由相關經貿理論、制度、法律判例及實務的論證,評析反傾銷制度與公共利益。從理論與實務面探討台灣的應用與可行性,以作為制度修正的參考。 一、反傾銷、貿易移轉、學習效果與公共利益 反傾銷措施提供差異化的貿易限制措施,引發其他非受傾銷控訴進口品的趁機而入,產生貿易移轉效果。在邊際成本固定的情況下,非受反傾銷控訴進口品的貿易移轉效果將使得生產者剩餘減小、消費者剩餘獲得改善、公共利益變小。若非受反傾銷控訴進口品具有相當的成本優勢,本國同類產品廠商亦可能因提出反傾銷控訴而受到傷害。若本國同類產品具有相當的成本優勢,反傾銷措施在保護生產者的同時,消費者未必受到傷害,甚至可能將從反傾銷措施中獲益。當本國新興產業藉由第 1 期反傾銷措施的保護效果,調整經營體質,於第 2 期以學習效果再與進口品競爭。其中第 2 期學習效果於保護生產者的同時、消費者亦能從反傾銷措施的學習效果中獲益。而反傾銷措施的全期效果將使生產者剩餘及關稅收入因而增加、消費者剩餘則不確定。 二、反傾銷對台灣相關廠商市場價值的影響─資本市場事件研究法應用 綜合我國反傾銷制度自實施以來的鋼鐵、石化、紙業、紡織及半導體業等產業相關個案,實證結果發現我國反傾銷措施似有助於保護國內生產廠商,而反傾銷控訴若保護了上游廠商,其下游業者不必然受到傷害。此實證結果支持策略學派學者及第二章理論模型有關反傾銷政策的論點。主要的實證結論如下: 在國內廠商實際受到傾銷傷害時,反傾銷措施似有助於保護國內生產廠商。傾銷情況明顯之個案,反傾銷措施對於提出控訴案廠商股票報酬率通常有正面效應;而對於傾銷情況不明顯之個案,通常則沒有顯著影響。非受傾銷控訴進口品的貿易移轉效果影響反傾銷措施的保護效果。亦即本國同類產品廠商若欲採取反傾銷控訴應對所有傾銷進口提出控訴,才能獲取較佳的反傾銷效果。而新興產業藉助反傾銷措施似可獲致不錯的保護效果。反傾銷的保護效果因業者的不同經營型態而有所差異;而反傾銷對於競爭力較弱的產業有較佳的效果。 反傾銷措施對於提出控訴案廠商下游業者股票報酬率,不必然帶來負面效應,有時也可能出現正面效應。反傾銷控訴案若保護了上游廠商,其下游業者不必然受到傷害,須視國內外市場結構與廠商規模經濟等因素而定。 三、歐體反傾銷制度共同體利益條款研究─兼論台灣的應用與可行性分析 傳統理論認為反傾銷措施雖有保護生產者的功能,但卻會對下游構成傷害。然依理論模型與實證結果,反傾銷措施似有助於保護國內生產廠商,其下游業者亦不必然受到傷害。因此,我國反傾銷制度似乎需要「國家整體經濟利益」條款,用以評估及平衡相關利益。依民國 89 年 7 月 14 日核定的實施辦法修正條文第 16 條第 2 項已試圖納入公共利益條款,其雖係參酌歐體反傾銷制度共同體利益條款,但與歐體制度的強制性規範與明確的釋義實有相當的差距。「國家整體經濟利益」條款的設計係用以修正保護特定產業的效果,然於主管機關的裁量增加時,反傾銷程序的公開、透明化與監督則益加重要。而實施辦法修正條文亦未規定主管機關如何執行「國家整體經濟利益」條款,若財政部關稅稅率委員會與相關機關充份合作,綜合判斷相關利益,則可有效達成「國家整體經濟利益」條款的立法目標。其中,貿易調查委員會為主要的認定機構於執行產業損害認定調查時,透過嚴謹的問卷設計及公聽會程序,衡量反傾銷措施對於使用者產業與消費者利益的衝擊;並聽取公平會對於業者是否濫用反傾銷措施的評估,由財政部關稅稅率委員會綜合作成課徵反傾銷稅與否或降低反傾銷稅額的最終判斷。
52

員工認股選擇權租稅政策對電子業股價之影響

張宗豪, Chang, Zong-Hao Unknown Date (has links)
本研究主要目標在探討有關員工認股選擇權租稅政策訊息之發布,是否對國內發行員工認股權憑證之上市及上櫃公司— 資訊電子業的股票報酬造成異常影響。在五個事件期間中,以第一、二及第五個事件期(即員工認股選擇權初步比照員工分紅入股依面額課徵所得稅、財政部初步擬定員工執行認股權時,須以執行價與當初認購價格間的價差,核課所得稅以及財政部在民國93年4月30日發布員工認股權證課稅行政命令,依照財政部當初的規劃,在執行日課徵員工認股權證的所得稅之兩事件期)中發現以面額或價差課稅之消息初步規劃和發布,確實對市場造成負向異常報酬。而有利員工之認股選擇權租稅政策消息發布(即財政部未對課稅政策做出最後決定)時,市場對資訊電子業股價產生正向累積異常報酬。 另外,研究亦發現,不利員工之員工認股選擇權課稅行政命令發布之特定事件時期,發行比例愈高及發行員工認股權之公司,過去研究發展支出愈高者,將產生較小之負向累積異常報酬。 相較於員工分紅入股制度,員工認股選擇權之激勵效果更能提供長期之誘因,但單就對工之課稅制度而言,收到的似乎是相對不利之懲罰效果。 / In this thesis, event study methodology is employed to examine the electronics industry’s stock market reaction to the announcement of tax policy changes of employee stock option. Market model and Ordinary Least Square (OLS) are adopted to estimate abcdrmal returns (AR) and accumulated abcdrmal returns (CAR) during event periods. A related issue also examined is the relation between the ratio of employee’s stock options and the CAR. Specifically, the effects of five events are examined. The first、second and fifth event (when Minister of Finance proposed to tax employee Stock options based on their par value. The second is when the Ministry of Finance announced that employee stock options would be taxed at the difference between the market price employee execute the option and the execute price.The fifth event is when Minister of Finance indeed announced an administrative decree) really show up the negative CAR. Findings concluded by the thesis are as follows: 1. When the Finance Minister proposed to tax employee stock options based on their par value or at the difference between the market price employee execute the option and the execute price, electronics companies on average had negative CAR. 2. During the fifth event period, companies with higher ratio of employee stock options and R&D expenses had lower negative CAR than those with lower ratio of employee stock options and R&D expenses.
53

資本市場對導入IFRSs之反應

葉于禎 Unknown Date (has links)
本研究探討我國自2009年5月14日行政院金融監督管理委員會宣布正式採用IFRSs當日,對於某些受IFRSs影響較大的金融、百貨、航空、營建以及保險這些產業,資本市場是否有顯著之反應。而正式宣布採用IFRSs後,與IFRSs相關的重要訊息,例如有企業提前適用IFRSs,投資性不動產因公允價值估價後使公司淨值大為提升,是否會讓資本市場對於其他帳上擁有較多不動產、廠房及設備與投資性不動產之公司產生顯著影響;金管會對於不動產、廠房及設備和投資性不動產與無形資產後續衡量限採成本模式之規定是否也會讓資本市場有顯著反應等。研究發現我國金管會宣布正式採用IFRSs當日,金融、百貨以及航空業者因顧客忠誠度計畫必須估列部分收入遞延,對於此項訊息市場給予負面反應。在與IFRSs有關的重要訊息上,新版租賃會計草案使市場對於海運及航空業者有負面反應;提前適用IFRSs使公司淨值提升對擁有較多不動產、廠房及設備與投資性不動產之企業有正向影響;金管會對於不動產、廠房及設備和投資性不動產與無形資產入帳及衡量的保守態度讓市場產生負面反應。對於我國導入IFRSs,投資人、企業及主管機關等充滿了期待及關注,也多持有正向的看法,但2013年後正式採用的狀況為何,仍有待密切注意。 / This study examines the market reaction to finance, general merchandise, airline, construction, and insurance these industries at the announcement of IFRSs adoption in Taiwan on May 14th, 2009. Furthermore, it also examines how the market reacts to relative and important news about IFRSs after the announcement of IFRSs adoption. It finds a negative reaction to financial, general merchandise and airline industries at the announcement of IFRSs adoption. It also finds a negative reaction to shipping and airline industries when a new lease draft gives out. In addition, firms with more plants, properties and equipments, investment properties and intangible assets have a positive reaction when news reports there is a company adopts IFRSs previously, but have a negative reaction due to the conservative attitude of Financial Supervisory Commission to the way of the measurement of properties.
54

以股價與交易量預估政治事件結果:以台灣證券市場為例 / The forecast on political events with stock prices and trading volumes: Evidence from Taiwan Stock Exchange

洪敏豪 Unknown Date (has links)
為了針對實證股價與交易量的資訊,能否作為預測未來政治事件結果提供依據,此篇論文探究四個政治事件,分別是2014年台北市長選舉國民黨黨內初選、2014年台北市長選舉、2016年總統選舉國民黨更換候選人以及2016年總統選舉。作者使用異常交易量作為判斷投資人是否將政治事件視為投資機會,並觀察個股與投資組合之累積異常報酬率是否能作為預測依據,最後以事件後五日內的異常累積報酬判斷投資人是否在事前過度反應或是反應不足。   本研究發現,在政治事件發生前六十日內,大部分政治相關的個股交易量皆顯著異於前一年之交易量。與勝選相關的股票在事件前60日至31日有顯著的正累積異常報酬。相較之下,與敗選相關的股票中,僅有和候選人有緊密政治連結的股票有顯著負累積異常報酬,政策相關的股票並無顯著負累計異常報酬。最後,在現行交易制度下,正異常報酬伴隨著正異常交易量,而負異常報酬卻因放空限制等因素,無顯著正異常交易量。 / This paper analyzes the last four political events, which includes KMT's Taipei Mayoral Primary, Taipei Mayor Election, KMT Presidential Candidate Replacement and Taiwan Presidential Election. We use trading volume to detect whether investors join the market due to potential political investment opportunity. Then we examine the CAR tendency with the political event results to identify its forecast ability. Last, we detect CAR within 5 days later to find if investor overreact or underreact before the event day. We find that the CAR meets voters’ political anticipation before the event window. Investors believe they can time the market through these events and gain profit. Furthermore, stocks relevant to those elects experience positive CAR. In contrast, stocks relevant to those also-rans do not experience significant returns. The only fortuneteller is the company, which has close relationship to the defeated candidate, telling with negative CAR. Because of short-sale constrains, the trading volume are not larger than before even it is a good chance to gain profit in the political events.
55

量化寬鬆對信用風險的影響-以歐豬五國為例 / The impact of quantitative easing on credit risk in the Eurozone-take PIIGS for example

林顥峰, Lin, Hao Feng Unknown Date (has links)
本研究以事件研究法的方式,研究歐洲央行宣布量化寬鬆(Quantitative Easing, QE)對歐豬五國信用風險的影響,本研究以各國主權信用違約交換的超額報酬顯著性衡量量化寬鬆政策對信用風險的影響。 研究結果為多數的QE政策宣告對歐豬五國信用風險的影響在事件期中有正向有負向,且時常交錯分布,未有一固定的模式,故無法得到一個明確的結論。 / This paper examines the impact of the ECB’s (European Central Bank) quantitative easing program on the credit risk of PIIGS. In this case, we used each underlying countries’ excess return of their sovereign CDSs to identify if their credit risks are decreased significantly. Our finding was that most QE announcements by the ECB had multiple impacts on the credit risk of PIIGS. They had both positive and negative impacts. Also, the patterns were not the same, so we do not have a clear conclusion on whether the QE policies are good or bad for the credit risk of PIIGS.
56

台灣股市中下市公司之預測–歷史事件研究法

蘇凡晴 Unknown Date (has links)
本論文主要目地是在研究財務比率對上市公司發生下市事件之預測。我們運用歷史事件研究法和Cox迴歸模型去研究上市公司發生下市事件之原因。同時,我們也針對Cox迴歸模型和Logit模型在發現對下市事件有顯著影響的財務比率作比較。 / This study applies the event history analysis and the Cox regression model to examine the causes of firm delisting, and also compares the performance of the Cox regression model with that of the logit model in detecting factors that have a statistically significant impact on the delisting event. The empirical results show that the hazard rate of firm delisting increases with the ratio of current liabilities to current assets, a binary variable indicating if the total liabilities of a firm is greater than its total assets, and a binary variable indicating if the net income of a firm was negative for the last two quarters, while the hazard rate of firm delisting decreases with increases in the firm size and the ratio of funds provided by operations to total liabilities.
57

企業營運總部之股市影響

林必佳, Pi-chia Lin Unknown Date (has links)
摘要 本研究探討民國九十一年開始實施之企業營運總部政策對股市之影響,分為三部分。第一部份採用法令分析及文獻探討方式,分析我國與鄰近國家關於營運總部政策及其租稅優惠之異同,並佐以各界對此項政策之評論,以得出我國營運總部政策優劣之處;第二部份以敘述性統計檢視各產業符合營運總部申請要件比率及各要件達成之難易程度,以做為建立迴歸模型之基礎;第三部分則利用事件研究法與迴歸分析探討股市於營運總部政策演變期間股價異常報酬情形,並檢測股價異常報酬率與各要件間的關連性。 在我國營運總部申請要件方面,實質控制海外關係企業、員工人數和學歷、國內年營收淨額、國內年營業費用及國外關係企業年營收淨額等均較新加坡、上海和馬來西亞嚴格,『實質控股』、『員工學歷』和『國外關係企業年營收淨額』更為他國所無之要件。而雖然我國之租稅優惠較此三國優渥,但如無相關配套措施,優惠效果也會大減。在符合要件分析方面,本文針對458家上市公司進行分析,整體符合要件比率為29.85%。在各申請要件中,以國內年營收淨額、年營業費用和員工人數為企業較易達成之要件。但就國外關係企業佈局國家數及其年營收淨額而言則較不易達成,可謂企業欲獲得此項租稅優惠之最大障礙。而就各產業別觀之,以塑膠、電子和水泥業之符合比率最高,機電、電線電纜、塑膠、百貨、玻璃和造紙業次之。而紡織、化學和食品業則因無法達到國外關係企業佈局國家數與其年營收淨額此兩項要件導致符合比率相當低。另外汽車、營建、運輸、觀光與金融保險業中無一家公司達到符合營運總部設立要件。此結果顯示傳統產業在獲取營運總部租稅優惠上仍趨於劣勢,可能造成產業別租稅不公平之現象。 營運總部政策演變過程中,股市普遍給予其正面評價,包括在經濟部起草規劃、經發會通過、經濟部與行政院增訂促產條例,以及立法院三讀通過等六個事件日,皆出現顯著為正之股票異常報酬。而在分析企業申請營運總部獲准日之股市反應方面,在通過日之次一交易日也有顯著之正值異常報酬。 以迴歸模型檢視影響股價異常報酬之因素,在全體上市公司樣本方面,股市對電子業仍給予最高的顯著股價異常報酬,不過,實證上並無發現設立要件有顯著影響股價異常報酬之結果。就73家核准公司樣本分析則顯示遞延所得稅負債科目金額之大小對累積股價異常報酬率有顯著之正值影響。 / Abstract In January 30, 2002, the legislative Yuan passed the Chapter VI-1 of the Statute for Upgrading Industries to encourage companies to utilize worldwide resources and set up the operational headquarters in Taiwan by providing preferential tax interests. Using 2001 corporate financial statement data and regression analysis, this study explores the influence of the Operational -Headquarter policy on the reactions of the stock market. The results of this study are as follows: 1. Regarding the qualification requirements, Taiwan has a more strict qualification than those of Singapore, Shanghai and Malaysia, especially in the specification of “control over the foreign affiliates,” “the net revenues and expenses of the operational headquarter,” “the quantity and quality of employees,” and “the net revenues of the affiliates abroad.” 2. The statistical analyses show that there is 29.85% companies meet of requirements of operational headquarters. Among the qualifications, the requirements of “foreign affiliates” are the most difficult criteria to achieve than others, causing the traditional industries cannot qualify for applying the approval. 3. During the event period of this study, the stock market reacts to the proposal by significant positive stock abcdrmal returns. It shows the stock market favors the new policy. The regression results indicate that investors give the Electrical industry higher evaluation than other industries.
58

銀行併購後經營績效之個案研究-以英國蘇格蘭皇家銀行與國民西敏寺銀行併購案為例

呂子立 Unknown Date (has links)
在經濟全球化、自由化與網路事業發達的趨勢影響之下,近年來金融國際化亦加速發展,各先進國家之銀行產業無不積極擴展海外事業版圖,同時世界各國亦逐步開放其國內金融市場,吸引外國金融機構直接投資,以增加其金融產業競爭力。在因應二十一世紀全球化競爭快速發展之際,歐洲銀行業紛紛藉由國內併購及跨國併購方式以增強其競爭能力。為因應全球金融風暴衝擊或區域性金融風險波及,世界各國金融業者也藉由私募方式趁機在亞洲、拉丁美洲與俄羅斯收購投資標的,藉以低價取得價值被低估資產,擴大其區域營運規模,進而強化客戶網絡關係。 / 本論文研究主題為歐洲銀行業併購後經營績效之探討,採用財務比率、併購動機及經營績效分析其成功的因素。本論文個案研究為英國蘇格蘭皇家銀行(Royal Bank of Scotland)併購國民西敏寺銀行(National Westminster Bank)之案例,此案例為『以小併大』的案例(併購時國民西敏寺銀行約為蘇格蘭皇家銀行的三倍規模大),且創下當時英國銀行史上金額最大的併購案。 本論文案例以併購活動對股價之影響、併購前後三年之財務績效及併購後的營運績效,予以比較分析。本案例研究結果,就國民西敏寺銀行股東而言,雖然蘇格蘭皇家銀行付出併購溢價(PremIum)但因併購綜效的發揮,得以有效增加其股東之財富;蘇格蘭皇也由名不見經傳的小銀行,擠身為英國第二大銀行,並為其後各項鉅額之併購案,建立堅實的基礎與經驗。 / This research investigates the motivations and consequences of a banking merger case - the 1999 merger between Royal Bank of Scotland and National Westminster Bank in the UK, an apparently successful case. Accounting financial ratios and post-merger stock price trends are used to evaluate post-merger performance and we also investigate the sources of synergies by comparing the ratios of pre-merger and post-merger time windows of 3 years. We conclude that the case is successful both in terms of providing a significant bid premium to National Westminster Bank’s shareholders and in terms of the excess returns and improved financial performance of Royal Bank of Scotland /National Westminster Bank over the post-merger period. In addition, the success of this M&A deal can be attributed to Royal Bank of Scotland’ insightful business strategies including focus merger, the strategic goals in line with the takeover motives, accurate estimates of the gains and costs of acquacquisition and, fully exploiting the synergies from the merger, and brand awareness strategy.
59

更換主辦輔導推薦證券商對興櫃掛牌公司 及上市櫃後期初報酬率之影響 / How does the replacement-of-leading-securities effect the IPO initial return

鄭聖儒 Unknown Date (has links)
鑒於興櫃市場股票交易逐漸熱絡,投資人愈趨關注該市場的相關事件,本研究以興櫃市場中受輔導之公司為樣本、更換主辦輔導推薦證券商為研究事件,探討有更換券商之情事的樣本公司,在事件發生前後是否存有異常報酬,並接續研究這些公司成功上市櫃後,期初報酬率是否顯著異於未有更換之情事發生的新上市櫃公司,進而判斷「更換主辦輔導推薦證券商」事件是否為影響期初報酬率的其中一項因子。 本研究以事件研究法分析事件發生日前後是否存在顯著異常報酬,雖然不論是平均異常報酬率或累積平均異常報酬率都呈下降趨勢,但統計檢定結果顯示並未顯著異於零,因此可判定投資人對於更換主辦券商之情事有負面的反應,但反應程度並不顯著,沒有賺取超額報酬的機會。本研究另外設計多元迴歸模型觀察各項自變數,包含是否更換過主辦輔導推薦證券商、上市或上櫃公司、公司規模、發行總金額、內部人持股比例、平均中籤率、產業別、發行公司年齡等,對期初報酬率的解釋能力,實證結果顯示,平均中籤率愈低、內部人持股率愈高、有更換過主辦輔導推薦券商的公司會有較高的期初報酬率,投資人可依上述三項公司性質作為選取股票的參考。 / In view of the stock trading in “Emerging Market” is becoming more and more popular, Investors are concerned with related event or information about the market. I selected several companies traded in Emerging Market as samples, leading counseling securities replacement as the research event, investigating the sample companies with replacement and whether the abnormal return exists before or after the event happened. I also tracked these sample companies until IPOs, testing the statistical significance of initial return to judge if the “replacement-of-leading-securities” event is one of the factors explaining the existence of initial return. I used event study to test the significance of abnormal return. Both the average abnormal return and the cumulative average abnormal return display a downturn trend during event window, not statistical significant though. Based on the result, I presume the investors have adversely impact on the replacement event, but the impact is not remarkable. There’s no chance to gain the abnormal return. Besides, I set a multiple regression to test the coefficient of each control variable. The empirical result implied that the average success rate, the shareholding ratio of insiders and the companies with replacement event influence the initial return significantly. Investors could follow those three company characters as reference of choosing stocks.
60

上市公司購併宣告對股價影響之研究-以電子業及食品業為例

沈建良, Chern, Jiann-Liang Unknown Date (has links)
本研究之研究目的旨在探討國內電子業及食品業上市主併公司進行購併活動對股價所產生的影響。研究期間為民國76年1月1日至88年12月31日,經搜集相關資料後共取得83個符合條件的購併樣本,電子業及食品業分別為53個及30個。本研究以購併宣告日前21日至宣告日前120日為市場模式之估計期,而以購併宣告日前20日至宣告日後20日為事件觀察期,採用事件研究法分析主併公司的購併宣告效果。除此之外,本研究亦以三日累積平均異常報酬為應變數,而以購併地點、購併型態、公司規模、負債比率、稅前淨利率及內部人士持股比例為自變數進行橫斷面複迴歸分析,試圖找出影響累積平均異常報酬的因素,經由實證分析後得到以下研究結論: 1.電子業與食品業上市公司購併宣告對股價有正面的影響,但電子業之購併宣告效果大於食品業。 2.電子業上市公司相關購併宣告對股價的影響程度大於非相關購併宣告,而食品業上市公司相關購併宣告對股價的影響程度小於非相關購併宣告,但效果並不顯著。 3.電子業上市公司國際購併宣告對股價的影響程度小於國內購併宣告,而食品業上市公司國際購併宣告對股價的影響程度大於國內購併宣告。 4.不論是電子業或是食品業,負債比率與三日累積平均異常報酬均有顯著的關係,但這兩個產業的結果卻完全相反。 最後,本研究以研究結論,分別針對上市公司、投資者、政府主管機關及後續研究者提出一些建議,期盼這些建議能夠對於其從事相關決策、學術研究時有所助益。

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