本研究旨在探討國中教師建設性思考、人際智慧與其需求困擾及快樂之關係。本研究以台北縣市兩個地區的國中教師為研究對象，有效樣本共計366人。本研究所採用之研究工具包括「建設性思考量表」、「教師人際智慧量表」、「教師需求困擾量表」、「教師快樂量表」。資料分析採取之統計方法包括描述統計、單因子多變量變異數分析、單因子單變量變異數分析、典型相關分析及全部進入法多元迴歸分析。 本研究之主要發現如下： 一、建設性思考能力較佳之國中教師，其需求困擾程度較低。 二、國中教師的建設性思考指標與其需求困擾指標有相關。建設性思考 中的「行為的因應」、「情緒的因應」、「迷信的思考」及「絕對的 思考」與需求困擾呈現顯著負相關。 三、建設性思考能力較佳之國中教師，在快樂感受、快樂條件及快樂活動 的得分均較高。 四、國中教師的建設性思考指標與其快樂三個向度的指標有相關。建設性 思考中的「行為的因應」及「情緒的因應」與快樂感受有顯著正相 關；建設性思考中的「絕對的思考」及「行為的因應」與快樂條件有 顯著正相關；建設性思考「絕對的思考」、「行為的因應」與快樂活 動有顯著正相關。 五、人際智慧能力較佳之國中教師，其需求困擾程度較低。 六、國中教師的人際智慧指標與其需求困擾指標有相關。人際智慧中的 「溝通表達」、「人際覺察」與需求困擾中的「人際與隸屬」、「能 力與自信」有顯著負相關。 七、人際智慧能力較佳之國中教師，在快樂感受、快樂條件及快樂活動的 得分均較高。 八、國中教師的人際智慧指標與其快樂三個向度的指標有相關。「社交彈 性」、「溝通表達」與快樂感受有顯著正相關；「溝通表達」、「人 際覺察」、「社交彈性」與快樂條件有顯著正相關；「溝通表達」、 「人際覺察」與快樂活動有顯著正相關。 九、需求困擾程度較低的國中教師，在快樂感受、快樂條件及快樂活動的 得分均較高。 十、國中教師的需求困擾的指標與其快樂三個向度的指標有相關。「人際 與隸屬」、「能力與自信」與快樂感受有顯著負相關；「人際與隸 屬」及「經濟與生活」與快樂條件有顯著負相關；「人際與隸屬」與 快樂活動有顯著負相關。 十一、國中教師的建設性思考、人際智慧與需求困擾能有效聯合預測其快 樂感受、快樂條件及快樂活動。人際智慧是快樂感受的主要預測變 項；人際智慧與需求困擾是快樂條件的主要預測變項；建設性思考是 快樂活動的主要預測變項。 最後，根據本研究主要發現提出若干意見，以供相關單位人員在教育 及學術研究上作為參考。 / The main purpose of this study was to explore the relationships among constructive thinking, interpersonal intelligence, need problems and happiness of junior high school teachers.The participants included 366 junior high school teachers in Taipei City and Taipei County. The employed instruments were The Constructive Thinking Inventory, The Teachers’ Interpersonal Intelligence Inventory, The Teachers’ Need Problems Inventory, and The Teachers’ Happiness Inventory. The applied analysis methods were Descriptives, One-way Multivariate Analysis of Variance, One-way Univariate Analysis of Variance, Canonical Correlation, and Multiple Regression. The main findings in this study were as follows: 1. Constructive thinking had negative influences on the teachers’ need problems. 2. The indices of constructive thinking and those of need problems were significantly correlated. More specifically, the constructive thinking of behavioral coping, emotional coping, superstitious thinking, and categorical thinking had significant negative correlations with the teachers’ need problems. 3. Constructive thinking had positive influences on the teachers’ happiness feelings, happiness conditions, and happiness activities. 4. The indices of constructive thinking and those of happiness were significantly correlated. More specifically, the constructive thinking of behavioral coping and emotional coping had significant positive correlations with the teachers’ happiness feelings, that of categorical thinking and behavioral coping had significant positive correlations with the teachers’ happiness conditions, and finally, that of categorical thinking and behavioral coping had significant positive correlations with the teachers’ happiness activities. 5. Interpersonal intelligence had negative influences on the teachers’ need problems. 6. The indices of interpersonal intelligence and those of need problems were significantly correlated. More specifically, the interpersonal intelligence of communicating and expressing as well as interpersonal awareness had significant negative correlations with the teachers’ need problems of interpersonal and belongingness as well as abilities and confidence. 7. Interpersonal intelligence had positive influences on the teachers’ happiness feelings, happiness conditions, and happiness activities. 8. The indices of interpersonal intelligence and those of happiness were significantly correlated. More specifically, the interpersonal intelligence of social flexibility as well as communicating and expressing had significant positive correlations with the teachers’ happiness feelings; that of communicating and expressing, interpersonal awareness, and social flexibility had significant positive correlations with the teachers’ happiness conditions; and finally, that of communicating and expressing as well as interpersonal awareness had significant positive correlations with the teachers’ happiness activities. 9. Need problems had negative influences on the teachers’ happiness feelings, happiness conditions, and happiness activities. 10. The indices of need problems and those of happiness were significantly correlated. More specifically, the need problems of interpersonal and belongingness as well as abilities and confidence had significant negative correlations with the teachers’ happiness feelings, those of interpersonal and belongingness as well as economical and life had significant negative correlations with the teachers’ happiness conditions, and finally, those of interpersonal and belongingness had significant negative correlations with the teachers’ happiness activities. 11. The teachers’ constructive thinking, interpersonal intelligence, and need problems could effectively predict their happiness feelings, happiness conditions, and happiness activities. Among the predictors, the most powerful predictor of the teachers’ happiness feelings was interpersonal intelligence, that of happiness activities was constructive thinking. Moreover, the most powerful predictors of the teachers’ happiness conditions were interpersonal intelligence and need problems.

現代由於科技進步、社會經濟發展的需要，城市建設規模越來越大，所形成的城建檔案數量、種類大幅增加，為了規劃、建設和管理一個現代化的城市，必須將這些城建檔案做好管理。而城建檔案除了在修改、擴建建設時發生功能之外，其也反應了不同時代、不同時期的社會文化思想風貌，是城市歷史發展的紀錄。□ 首先瞭解中國大陸與西方國家城建檔案管理之模式，其次採用「多重個案法」與「深度訪談法」進行研究，以國內相關城建檔案管理單位作為研究範圍，包括：台北縣政府、台中市政府與宜蘭縣政府、台灣電力公司、中興工程顧問公司與台北市政府捷運局，探討各機構城建檔案典藏範疇與管理工作執行現況，並對各機構之管理人員進行訪談，以獲得有關城建檔案管理之看法與建議。 根據研究發現，提出結論如下：一、國內城建檔案管理模式不明確；二、國內城建檔案缺乏法源依據；三、城建檔案之名詞爭議；四、目前國內城建檔案相關機關之一般行政公文與城建檔案分開管理；五、城建檔案的價值在於「行政價值」，而「社會服務」為最不需要；六、目前國內政府機關城建檔案之利用有缺失。 最後針對前述研究結果提出五項建議：一、儘速制定城建檔案之法源依據；二、各機關現行之城建檔案宜與一般行政公文統一管理；三、設置城建檔案館；四、城建檔案應儘速數位化；五、國內政府機關城建檔案之利用應改進。 / As of today, the fast pacing in science, technology and economic growth, the scope of urban construction is increasing to compensate. Therefore, an increasing number and variety of urban construction archives have emerged. To better plan, construct and manage a modernized city, we need to have these archives well-organized. These archives not only play an important role in construction, extension and reconstruction, but also function as a chronicle of the development of the city, in which, reflect the style and features of social culture and ideology at different era and generation. First, a study on the organizational method of such archive of Mainland China and some Western countries were carried out. Secondly in this research, multiple-case analysis method and in-depth interviews were employed. Relevant domestic urban construction units were selected in this study, which included: 1. Taipei County Government, 2.Taichung City Government, 3.Yilan County Government, 4.Taiwan Power Company, 5.Sinotech Engineering Consultants and 6. Department of Rapid Transit Systems, TCG. First of all, this research introduced the coverage and performance of each of these archival institutions; followed by in-depth interviews of the archivists in order to obtain the viewpoints and advices toward the organization method of urban construction archives. According to this research, problems of organizational method of archives were emerged; a conclusion of such problems in our country was drawn: 1. ambiguity of method; 2.lack of reliable legal resources; 3.unregulated terminology; 4.dissociation of management in general administrative documentation and urban construction archives; 5.Overvalue of urban construction archive in government administration, as a contrast to the lack in public service; 6. Incomplete and insufficient public access of urban construction archives within the government. In conclusion, based on the study carried out above, may the following suggestions be claimed: 1. Legislate legal resources of urban construction archives as quickly as possible; 2. Unify management of general administrative documentation and urban construction archive; 3. Establish urban construction archive library; 4. Digitize urban construction archives as quickly as possible; 5. Improve the efficiency of public access to urban construction archives within the government.

1991年12月25日蘇聯正式解體，俄羅斯聯邦作為原蘇聯主要繼承國登上歷史舞台，冷戰的兩極格局也就此結束，俄羅斯為了要全面繼承過去蘇聯在國際間的地位，接管其部隊、武器及軍事設施，另為謀求俄羅斯整體經濟不致崩盤，大量釋出過盛的武器裝備及技術，如此給了中國擴充軍備、接收武器裝備的機會，也直接形成了中國武力崛起，衝擊著西太平洋的安全秩序及台海兩岸的安全。本文旨在就1991年冷戰結束暨蘇聯解體後，克里姆林宮兩任總統對中國的外交、軍事政策及作為，探討台海兩岸因軍事力量失衡所產生的衝擊。 另一方面，隨著冷戰結束、蘇聯解體，美、蘇對抗的終結，崛起的中國成為美國全球戰略的潛在競爭者，尤其是中國自1993年起，從俄羅斯獲得先進武器科技，也取得導彈、雷射、太空系統的先進材料和製造技術，點出中國急欲建構新世紀戰力的企圖心，也對台海兩岸的局勢增添更多的不穩定因素及不安全感。究竟對台海安全造成的衝擊有多大？本論文試圖探討中國在此期間軍事上的獲利及武力上的增長，對海峽兩岸的均勢是否產生變化，以及產生何種變化？本論文依據上述問題，設計相對應之章節，其各章節架構如下：第一章緒論。第二章俄中軍事交流的背景分析。第三章：冷戰後俄中軍事交流概況。第四章：俄中軍事交流對台海安全之衝擊。第五章：俄中軍事交流對台海安全之衝擊：我國因應對策。第六章：結論。 / Russia, the former Soviet Union major successor, stepped on world history stage after Soviet Union collapsed on Dec 25, 1991, which also drew an end for the cold war era. In order to inherit Soviet Union’s international position, to take over troop and weapon and military installations, and to manage to prevent its economy collapse. Russia had released its over produced weaponry and technology. The technology transformation and weaponry releasing led Mainland China a chance to expand its military strength and brought China’s military strength rising abruptly. The situation affects the security of the Western Pacific Ocean and Taiwan Strait. This study aims on the foreign and military policy of Kremlin toward China after the collapse of Soviet Union and the impact of ROC’s inclining military power between two sides of Taiwan Strait. On the other hand, with the end of cold war and the concluded confrontation between U.S and U.S.S.R, the rising China turned out to be the potential global strategic enemy to United States. Especially China, since1993, obtained the cutting edge military technology, the advanced material and manufacture technique for guiding missile, laser and space system from Russia. This transformation pointed out that China’s keen to build a new modern military in the 21 century. The situation also created the unstable factor and insecure feeling between cross strait and no one can predict what impact will it arouse? This study is to analysis on: Will the PRC’s military strength expansion varies the cross strait situation and what variation wills it happen? According to above theory the structure of this thesis is designed as follow: Chapter One: Introduction. Chapter Two: Analysis on Russia–Chain’s military exchange background. Chapter Three: The post cold war general situation of Russia–Chain’s military Exchange. Chapter four: The impact on Taiwan Strait security by Russia–Chain’s military exchange. Chapter Five: The proper way to deal with the impact of Russia–Chian’s military exchange Chapter six: Conclusion.

近年來房價持續攀升，政府決定實施特種貨物及勞務稅條例以降低投機買賣之行為，達到防止房價泡沫化，平抑房價之目的。為探討資本市場對該條例之預期，本論文首先以事件研究探討特種貨物及勞務稅條例消息公布之際，上市櫃建設公司是否產生負的累積異常報酬率，並採用迴歸模型探討公司特性與該公司受特種貨物及勞務稅條例影響幅度的關聯性。本論文進而透過對上市櫃建設公司營業收入及營業毛利率在特種貨物及勞務稅條例消息公布後是否產生不利影響之探討，了解特種貨物及勞務稅條例消息公布對建設公司銷售面之實質影響，最後採用迴歸模型探討公司特性與建設公司銷售面受影響幅度之關聯性。 本研究研究結果發現： 1、在特種貨物及勞務稅條例消息公布之相關事件日，上市櫃建設公司普遍均產生顯著的負向股票異常報酬率。 2、股票累積異常報酬率與公司特性關聯性之迴歸結果顯示，研議及開徵特種貨物及勞務稅消息公布之事件日，存貨比率較高、公司規模較大、公司成長性較高之上市櫃建設公司，其累積異常報酬率較低。 3、在特種貨物及勞務稅條例消息公布後，上市櫃建設公司之營業收入產生不利影響，但對營業毛利率並無顯著之不利影響。 / In order to curb the housing price hike and prevent housing bubble, Taiwan government implemented the Specifically Selected Goods and Services Tax Act. The Act is expected to have negative impacts on stock market returns of construction companies and real estate market. Using event study method, this study examines the stock market reactions to the announcements of the legislature policy. This study explores the relation between the stock cumulative abnormal returns (CAR) of the Act and firm characteristics. This study finds that the stock market reacts negatively when the news of the Act are released. The regression results indicate when the news of the Act are released, for construction companies, CARs are negatively related with inventory-to-total assets ratio, corporate size and growth. This study also finds the construction companies’ revenue reflected the negative impacts on real estate market.

本文主要以Turnovsky (1996)和 Lai and Liao (2012)的模型架構為基礎，在政府基礎建設的支出以所得稅融通之下，建構一個開放經濟的內生成長模型，探討政策當局追求社會福利極大時，如何制定一套最適當的非線型所得稅制。依據本文的分析，可得到以下之結論： 一、在分權經濟體系的分析下，最適的所得稅尺度應等於基礎建設生產的 外部性，而課徵所得稅造成的代表性個人決策的扭曲，則由累退的 所得稅程度來矯正。當政府透過適當的非線型所得稅制矯正了所有分 權經濟體系決策行為的扭曲，使得總體經濟成長率極大化的同時，也 保證社會福利水準達極大。 二、在集權經濟體系的分析下，最適基礎建設的支出佔所得的比例應等於 基礎建設生產的外部性。再者，經過最適租稅結構的調整後，分權經 濟體系與集權經濟體系有相同的靜止均衡、總體經濟成長率和社會福 利水準，表示政府透過非線型所得稅矯正了分權經濟體系決策行為的 扭曲，使分權經濟體系的福利水準可達至最佳境界的狀態，即 Pareto 最適。

京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(経営科学) / 甲第23355号 / 経営博第12号 / 新制||経営||2(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院経営管理教育部経営科学専攻 / (主査)教授 山田 忠史, 教授 原 良憲, 教授 山本 貴士 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Philosophy in Management Science / Kyoto University / DFAM

各章節內容如下： 第一章：緒論－研究動機、研究架構與研究方法。 第二章：企業部門－青年創業的企程與問題分析，及創業對社會、經濟之貢獻。 第三章：企業部門與輔導體系之間的溝通系統－創業者對輔導辨法之需求與期望及輔 導辨法之對外宣傳溝通。 第四章：政府部門－輔導制度的目標設定，詳細規劃，及執行動作情形。 第五章：輔導工作之事後評估－包括有形的經濟成長建設及無形的社會心理建設兩方 面，并對其癥結檢討分析。 第六章：結論與建議。

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(地球環境学) / 甲第22814号 / 地環博第201号 / 新制||地環||39(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院地球環境学舎環境マネジメント専攻 / (主査)教授 勝見 武, 教授 木村 亮, 准教授 高井 敦史 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Global Environmental Studies / Kyoto University / DGAM

「語言政策」即「語言規劃」和「語言建設」之總和，為國家、政府、政黨、階級、社會團體用以改變或維持語言之現況或標準的措施。因此語言政策為改變「語言情況」之中要因素之一，它的制定和變更也常被當作多民族國家的政治手段。 近年來，由於語言政策之改變而造成的民族衝突，國際間戰爭不斷發生，更凸顯初制訂與實行語言政策的重要性。俄羅斯聯邦為一多民族國家，在語言政策方面的經驗，相對較豐富，其中一聯邦主體——圖瓦共和國，其境內主要構成民族之語言（圖瓦語）和超語言（俄語）間的關係，和台灣台語與華語的情況較為相似，此外，圖瓦共和國在語言情況之緩解方面已產生諸多對策，其經驗應有助於台灣之語言規劃和語言政策之制定。 本論文分析二十世紀末至二十一世紀初圖瓦共和國的國家語言政策。學者針對圖瓦共和國語言情況與語言規劃相關文獻資料做出統整，歸納出二十世紀末至二十一世紀初圖瓦共和國在學術研究、書籍編纂、官方公務、教育、媒體、宗教與文化個方面之語言規劃及語言建設成果。

海南島，「全中國最大的特區」，「特區中的特區」，在中共宣布改制為中國第三十 個行省後，受到海峽兩岸及全球密節的關注，經國先生生前在七十六年十二月二十三 日的中常會中曾指示有關單位密切注意其發展，其焦點並不在於行政區劃的改變，而 是伴隨著建省後所實行的整體經濟開發計畫，以及對台灣的影響。 海南島於各方面都有和台灣在客觀條件上相類似的地方，鄧小平指示海南島要在二十 年內趕上台灣，在中共致力建設海南，縮短與台灣差距的同時，令人不禁窺探出中共 「一國兩制」政策的昇華，再加上台灣目前面臨升級與突破的瓶頸階段，產業與資本 流失，經濟發展趨於弛緩，在強調「台灣經驗」、與中共開展和平與良性競賽的口號 聲中，海南的開發與建設應該對台灣有正面的刺激作用，更要在和平統一中國的前提 下共同致力於雙邊合作交流，為中國的長治久安與自由民主奠定穩固的基石，並提供 示範的模式。玆將本文架構鋪陳如后：( 全文共一冊，凡十萬字，六章二十節) 第一章 導論：研究動機、目的、範圍與方法。 第二章 海南地理環境、自然資源、與社會概況介紹。 第三章 海南建省背景分析：對外開放政策、漸進主義模式分析、建省構想之緣起與 歷程。 第四章 中共政權成立後海南開發 (含現階段的開發策略) 。 第五章 海南開發的前景評估。 第六章 結 論。