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台灣上市櫃公司股權募資方式之決定因素 - 公司治理機制的影響 / The determinants of public offerings v.s. private placements: corporate governance perspective黃必松 Unknown Date (has links)
過去文獻對於私募股權增資主要有三種論點,分別是資訊不對稱假說、監督效果假說以及管理者自我鞏固假說,過去研究基本上對於私募股權具有可以減輕資訊不對稱問題的效果有一致的結論,然而對於監督效果與管理者自我鞏固效果仍沒有一致的定論。因此本文控制了資訊不對稱、增資前的營運績效、公司股價表現以及發行規模等因素的影響後,從公司治理的角度去探討究竟國內的私募股權增資是符合監督效果假說,還是管理者自我鞏固假說。
實證結果顯示,董事會獨立性愈高、機構法人持股比率愈高時,愈傾向使用私募股權增資,隱含私募股權增資的確有提升對企業經理人之監督進而有助於公司價值之提升,符合(Wruck,1989)提出的監督效果假說。此外與過去研究發現一致,本研究的實證結果亦顯示,資訊不對稱愈高的公司使用私募股權增資的機率愈高,顯示企業可以透過私募股權增資來減輕資訊不對稱之問題。同時,若公司的股價在增資前異常攀升時,企業會傾向選擇公開募集增資,顯示出相較於私募股權增資,公募股權增資比較會有擇時之考量。當公司於增資前營運績效表現較差時會傾向選擇使用私募股權增資。而發行規模較小時,為了降低直接發行成本,企業會傾向選擇以私募的方式辦理增資。
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探討私募應募人行為 對經營績效與異常報酬之影響 / The effect of insider activities on performance and abnormal return in private placement李玟錡 Unknown Date (has links)
本研究以適用於民國九十九年九月修法前之「公開發行公司辦理私募有價證券應注意事項」辦理私募增資之上市櫃公司,並有內部人參與之私募案為研究對象,研究期間為民國九十四年十月十一日至九十九年八月三十一日,以探討私募應募人行為對經營績效與異常報酬之影響。
實證結果發現,當辦理私募公司前一年度為稅後淨損,並有內部人參與之私募案,若內部應募人於私募前後三個月內有老股出售之情事者,其私募後之會計經營績效較私募前差,但私募後之公司價值卻較佳。再將這類公司與其他私募案相比,其會計經營績效較差,公司價值仍較佳,皆顯示這類公司會計經營績效與公司股價於私募後未呈同向變化。另外,以事件研究法測試有內部人參與之私募案,發現其在董事會決議日前後確實有異常報酬,顯示私募訊息在董事會決議日前已走漏,陸續反映於股價。 / Based on firms’ net profit/loss before private placement and inside investors stock selling, this study classifies private placements with inside investors into four types to examine the effect of insiders’ activities and the operating condition on firm performance after private placement and the abnormal returns around private placement events.
It’s shown that for firms with net loss before private placement while the insiders selling stocks around the event, the accounting performance worsens but Tobin’s Q gets better after the event. In addition, inside investors gain abnormal return around the board meeting. It implies that information leakage before board meeting is severe and the investors even gain abnormal return after the meeting.
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論公私協力行為之國家擔保責任-以促參法為中心游璧瑜 Unknown Date (has links)
因沉重的國家任務負擔和龐大的財政支出,國家對公共任務不再親力親為,而是將焦點置於公共任務順遂履行的擔保。國家角色搖身一變,從「提供者」(providing)轉而成為「使實現者」(enabling);國家此時退居二線,由私人活動者提供服務,以公私協力的形式,一同為實現公益做努力,國家並負起擔保公益實現之責任。
這種擔保國家模型,以責任分擔和責任階層兩要素作為核心;前者係指國家與私人參與履行公共任務之角色分配,後者則係層級化後之國家責任。擔保國家毋寧標誌著國家責任的位移:從自行從事公共任務履行之「履行責任」逐漸轉移至積極實現公益之「擔保責任」與備位之「網羅責任」。
是故,本文乃聚焦於我國發生之BOT案件中,發生經營不善之案例,試圖探討採行BOT模式後,國家應扮演何種角色?我國法令對營運發生困難的案例是否已有完善的規畫或回應?又應採用何種手段始能確保公益的履行?試圖為我國遭遇之諸多實例提出解決的方針。
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互聯網上泄露公民個人信息行為的犯罪化探析 : 以 人肉搜索 為視角 / 以 人肉搜索 為視角;"Analysis of criminalization on the disclosure of citizens' personal information on the Internet : from the human flesh search ";"Analysis of criminalization on the disclosure of citizens' personal information on the Internet : from the human劉曉敏 January 2009 (has links)
University of Macau / Faculty of Law
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澳門"私立學校教學人員制度框架"的諮詢過程和分析 / Study of the policy consultation process on the New personnel system in Macau private schools;"澳門私立學校教學人員制度框架的諮詢過程和分析";"探討 私立學校教學人員制度框架 諮詢過程"蔡嘉琳 January 2010 (has links)
University of Macau / Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities / Department of Government and Public Administration
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比較台灣上市櫃公司發行私募股權與私募債權融資工具之宣告效果及經營績效 / The comparison of announcement effect and performance of private equity and private debt: Evidence from Taiwan林牧螢, Lin, Mu Ying Unknown Date (has links)
自2001年我國引進私募制度迄今,私募市場逐年蓬勃發展,提供上市櫃公司更加靈活、彈性、多元化的籌資管道,融資工具已不僅限於私募股權融資,更延伸至私募公司債,甚至是海外公司債等債權融資工具,而國內學者紛紛研究其私募股權相關的文獻及實證。
本研究目的有別於其他學者,為探討我國上市櫃公司發行有價證券時,選擇不同的融資工具帶給外部投資人不同的宣告效果,研究樣本包括發行日介於2003年至2009年之上市櫃公司,研究方法包括事件研究法、多元迴歸模型、羅吉斯迴歸模型、公司獲利能力之衡量指標。在國外文獻探討上,分別從代理理論、資訊不對稱假說及監督效果假說來驗證宣告效果差異的原因。本研究實證結果發現,發行公司在以股東會決議日為宣告日之股權融資的宣告效果大於債權融資,根據資訊不對稱理論,因為在私募市場中,資訊不對稱程度較大的公司,因其風險也較大,故發行私募股權,即發行普通股或特別股,較能減輕資訊不對稱問題,因此,較容易傾向發行私募股權(Gomes and Phillips(2012));而私募債權發行,即發行公司債或可轉債,其資訊不對稱問題減輕的程度較低,故宣告效果不若私募股權大,但若是董監質押比及負債程度越高的公司,其監督效果較顯著,對宣告效果為正面的影響。而在私募有價證券發行後,無論使用何種融資工具的發行公司,其獲利能力皆有改善或提昇的跡象,意味著專業投資人所提供的監督效益在公司的營運上有顯著影響,而經理人能夠更有效率地分配公司資源,而發行債權融資工具的發行公司,其獲利能力的提升大於發行股權融資工具的發行公司,可能因為債權人對發行公司的監督效果較顯著所致。
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臺北市公園附設游泳池委託經營之研究 / Studies on Contracting-out Project of Park Swimming Pools in Taipei City姜秀慧 Unknown Date (has links)
摘要
臺北市政府順應世界潮流,推動公共事務委外,為達成撙節人力與預算支出,於民國八十九年率先將公園附設游泳池委託民間經營管理。然民國九十六年卻發生承包商中途歇業、游泳池關門以及新的標案無廠商投標的現象。
本研究主要目的在探討臺北市公園附設游泳池委託經營所面臨的問題,並就經營困境提供改善方案建議。本文應用之理論為公共選擇理論、交易成本理論、代理理論和公私協力理論,採用文獻分析法、深度訪談法及參與觀察法,探索臺北市政府轄管之公園附設游泳池經營管理之最佳模式。
經研究分析發現管理機關未嚴格依契約執行、未建立退場機制、低使用率之游泳池競爭力薄弱、法令限制多、游泳池缺乏活化以及未妥做政策之可行性評估等因素為之前委外經營失敗之原因。
經歸納後提出下列建議:(1)契約訂定要嚴謹並嚴格要求應依契約執行;(2)要建立退場機制;(3)加強監督以提高服務品質;(4)主管機關法令定位要明確;(5)審慎評估將使用率低的游泳池關閉或轉型;(6)確實做好可行性評估和先期規劃;(7)建置彈性的招商機制與強化自主的履約管理;(8)利用既有優勢,提高競爭力;(9)將使用率高有競爭力的游泳池優先更新;(10)應確實檢討委託經營政策;(11)加強教育訓練,提升專業能力;(12)應確實做好市場調查。 / Abstract
Following the global trend of promoting the outsourcing of public affairs in order to reduce human resources and budget expenditure, Taipei City Government has contracted out park swimming pools since 2000. Then it happened that the contractor went out of business halfway and closed the swimming pools in 2007. Furthermore, no new tenders bided for the successive contract.
This study aims to investigate problems of by contracting out Taipei City Government park swimming pools, to provide proposals to mitigate difficulties in outsourcing business operation and to explore the best mode of park swimming pools management.
The theories used in this thesis include Public Choice Theory, Transaction Cost Theory, Agency Theory and Public-Private Partnership Theory. Study methods used include document analysis, in-depth interviews and participant observation.
The study found that the followings are causes of failure in the previous outsourcing project: the administrative authority did not enforce strict accordance with the contract, exit mechanism was not established, some low-usage swimming pools were less competitive, there were too many legal restrictions, swimming pools activation was not sufficient and feasibility study of outsourcing policy was not well performed.
The following recommendations are summarized: (1) Rigorous contract terms and strict execution in accordance with the contract; (2) Establishing exit mechanism; (3) Strengthening supervision in order to improve service quality; (4) Establishing clear regulations; (5) Closing or transforming low-usage swimming pools; (6) Well-performed feasibility assessment and preliminary planning; (7) Building flexible outsourcing mechanism and strengthening self-compliance management; (8) Improving competitiveness by using the existing strengths; (9) Renovating competitive high-usage swimming pools as top priority; (10) Reviewing outsourcing policies exactly; (11) Strengthening education and training to enhance professional skills; (12) Well-performed market research.
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安卓智慧型手機上可設定式之行為感測記錄器 / A Configurable Activity Logger for Android Smartphones王俊翔, Wang ,Chun Hsiang Unknown Date (has links)
近年來隨著智慧型手機的興起,人們開始利用智慧型手機處理日常生活事務及社群娛樂。無形中,已逐漸的改變日常行為模式。因此,許多學者也開始進行人們使用智慧型手機狀況的研究。
若透過傳統問卷等方式蒐集分析使用記錄,受訪者可能因訪問員的外在因素而影響問卷有效性。為解決此問題,很多研究開始在智慧型手機中安裝應用程式,蒐集使用記錄,藉以分析使用行為。然現今此類應用程式,都是為特定的研究進行開發,缺乏了彈性的考量。因此,本論文設計一個是用於安卓智慧型手機的可客製化行為感測記錄器,提供研究學者依各自需需求產生實驗項目規格檔,由受測者下載至手機,透過我們的行為感測記錄器,記錄平時手機操作行為之相關記錄,並於指定之時機下將記錄上傳供研究學者統計分析,以符合個別實驗之要求。
本研究重點在於如何定義彈性且多樣化的實驗設定檔,並考量載記錄感測過程中,電力大量消耗和受測者隱私資保護的議題,提出因應的解決方法。我們設計與執行幾個實驗來驗證此行為感測記錄器,初步看來,此記錄器可以滿足我們的主要需求,但結果也導引出一些需改進的設計議題。 / In recent years, with the rise of smart phones, the public began to take advantage of smart phones in daily life and social engagements. Virtually, smart phones have gradually changed people's behavior patterns so that researchers are eager to understand the how people use smartphones in their daily life.
In this thesis, we present a configurable activity logger for Android smartphones for recording a smartphone’s sensor data and the user’s operations. Instead of one Android App for each researcher’s experiment, our approach is to devise a general logger App that can be customized to collect different data items according to the needs of various researchers. Specifically, our logger App accepts experiment configuration files in which researchers specify what data items to collect and at what frequency, and then conduct the logging task accordingly for each experiment. In other words, our logger works like an interpreter on such experiment configure files.
Besides customizability of logging items, our logger concerns the saving of electricity and the preservation of user privacy. Firstly, we have applied various power saving tips published in the literature to the design of our logger. Secondly, we have refrained from collecting any contents that may reveal the user’s identify or that may invade user’s privacy. To evaluate our logger, we have designed and implemented a few data collection experiments. The preliminary results show that our logger can fulfill most of the requirements we set up, though thy also reveal some improvements we need to work on in the future.
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從命令與控制型到規制型國家:公共性概念的變遷 / From Command and Control Model to Regulatory State: The Transformation of the Concept of Publicness朱玉, Zhu, Siena Unknown Date (has links)
本文所要處理的問題為:「公共」的內容究竟為何?以及在福利國家的脈絡下公私之間如何互相滲透?本文採用Naomi Pfeffer與G. Majone的見解,將福利國家分為命令與控制型模式(command and control model)與規制型國家(regulatory state)。而這二種模式的差異可以由統治(government)和治理(governance)兩字得到說明,前者與命令與控制型相關,後者則與規制型相關。而所謂「治理」之概念,即一種國家權力向社會回歸的現象。本文以哈伯瑪斯《公共領域的結構轉型》為理論背景,探討現代國家職能由福利國家的興起與轉型之國家與社會關係與公私融合的過程。 / The main purposes of this thesis are: (1) discuss the transformation of the relationship of state and society under the process of “‘societalization’ of the state” and “‘stateification’ of society” through the rise and transformation of the welfare state; (2) examine the theories of “publicness”, “public/private distinction”, and the phenomena of “public-private mix” to study the mutual relation between the public and the private; (3) review and criticize the selected public policy.
The public/private distinction has declined under the welfare state nowadays. On the topic of welfare state, this thesis applies the opinions of Naomi Pfeffer and G. Majone that divide the welfare state into the command and control model and the regulatory state. The words “government” and “governance” could interpret the difference of these two kinds of patterns: the former is relative to the command and control model, while the latter is relative to the regulatory state. In addition, the conception of “governance” indicates the process of authority returns from the state to the society. On the topic of public/private relation, this thesis adopts the theories of Jürgen Habermas in his book: The Structure Transformation of Public Sphere, through his ideas of public sphere and its relation among the intimate sphere and the state to explore the relation between the state and society.
In practice, this thesis takes the case of turning the national university into the corporation (juridical person) in Taiwan, and introduces to the theories discussed above: see the university as a public sphere and its reform as the transformation of welfare state.
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行政罰上多數受罰對象之競合-以私法人之受罰為例簡佩珺, Jian, Pei-Jyun Unknown Date (has links)
象徵統一性、綜合性的行政罰法已於2006年2月正式施行,其中關於受罰對象部分,行政罰法第3條規定:「本法所稱行為人,係指實施違反行政法上義務行為之自然人、法人、設有代表人或管理人之非法人團體、中央或地方機關或其他組織」。然該規定僅是對「行為人」下一定義,其範圍如何仍須依各該條文規範性質,個別認定之,因此,有關行政罰受罰對象之問題,無法從行政罰法第3條得到相關的解決。
有鑑於私法人對社會所造成的影響與日俱增,工商企業活動日趨頻繁,但我國個別行政法規針對法人違反行政法上義務之處罰,規定卻頗為紊亂,有單獨處罰法人,有以轉嫁罰方式只罰負責人或代表人,亦有採取行為人與法人併罰者,多數則未規定受罰之對象,如何處罰,即成問題。按法人本質上與自然人不同,其意思表示須透過自然人代為行之,是以,於違反行政法上義務時,可能是法人代表人為違反行為,亦可能是職員、受僱人或從業人員為違反行為,其間可能產生所謂競合關係。本論文本於此問題意識,乃主要討論私法人之受罰情形,不探討其他種類之競合型態,且為避免失焦,亦將公法人之受罰摒除在外,期能對私法人違反行政法上義務時,受罰對象應如何選擇,提出可能之處理模式。
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