21 |
大學生知覺之家庭親子界限與其生涯自我效能的關係 / The Relationships between The Career Self-efficacy and Family Parental Boundaries Perceived by College Students林惠瑜, Lin , Hei-Yu Unknown Date (has links)
本研究旨在探討不同背景變項大學生之家庭親子界限與其生涯自我效能間的關係。採用問卷調查的方式,以全國十三所公、私立學校大一到大四學生為研究對象,共計625名,並以「個人基本資料調查表」、「生涯決策自我效能量表」及「家庭親子界限量表」編製成「大學生生涯決策與家庭關係問卷」為本研究工具。調查所得資料以描述性統計、變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關、多元逐步迴歸等統計方法進行處理。研究之主要發現如下:
一、不同性別、年級、生涯發展定向情形之大學生的家庭親子界限有所差異。
二、不同年級、科系、修課狀況(是否雙主修或輔系)、打工經驗、生涯發展定向情形之大學生的生涯自我效能有所差異。再者,不同科系的大學生其生涯自我效能會因為打工經驗的不同而有差異。
三、背景變項與家庭親子界限對於大學生之生涯自我效能具有預測效果
(一)就全體大學生而言,「父子(女)自我認同」是大學男生生涯自我效能最主要的預測變項;「母子(女)自我認同」是大學女生生涯自我效能最主要的預測變項。本研究發現,家庭親子界限變項中同性父母對於孩子的認同是大學生生涯自我效能最主要的預測變項;另外,背景變項中生涯發展定向情形對大學生生涯自我效能最具有預測效果。
(二)不同生涯發展定向的大學生來看,不同背景變項與不同家庭親子界限對其生涯自我效能有不同預測效果。
(三)家庭親子界限對於大學男生之生涯自我效能的預測力大於大學女生。
根據本研究的發現及討論,研究者擬對大學生、父母、學校及輔導人員等相關人員和未來研究者,提出數點建議,以供參考。 / The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between the career self-efficacy and family parental boundaries perceived by college students. Six hundred and twenty-five college students completed the Career Decision-making Self Efficacy Scale(CDMSE)developed by Hong-Hui Xie and Parental Relation-Self Boundary Scales. Data obtained was analyzed by deviation, percentage, ANOVA, post Scheffe’s test, Pearson product-moment correlation, and multiple regression. The major findings were summarized as follows: First, college students with different gender, grade, and career decision status or identity development made significant differences on their perceptions of family parental boundaries. Second, there were significant differences in CDMSE among different background variables, including grade, departments, dual-major or minor, part-time job experience, and career decision status or identity development. Third, the self-identity of parents is the best predictor of college students’ career self-efficacy, especially with the same gender as the parent. Fourth, because of the difference of college students’ career decision status or identity development, the prediction of family parental boundaries to the career self-efficacy would be different. Fifth, family parental boundaries had better predictive effect to male students than to female students.
According to the conclusions of the main findings, several suggestions are provided for college students, parents, related educators and counselors in the Universities, and future research.
|
22 |
親情Online:網路媒介與家庭溝通型態之相關研究 / Family online:the correlational study of the Internet and family communication patterns沈孟燕 Unknown Date (has links)
隨著電腦科技的普及,網路逐漸成為親子溝通的工具之一,父母和孩子也與其他的關係一樣,在網路上相處、溝通與互動,然而目前的網路研究中,親子溝通鮮少成為研究的對象,而家庭傳播中對網路的討論,則大多將焦點集中在新科技使用與家庭生活時間的互斥與否的爭議之上,網路在此研究脈絡中喪失了溝通互動的性質,本研究並不企圖否定過去對電腦與家庭關係中的互動討論,而是期望加入目前實際生活中,網路在親子關係中所發揮的溝通功能,而使網路在親子溝通的角色可以更加完備。
本文以網路問卷調查的方式,期望瞭解在強調父母威權(社會取徑)與鼓勵與子女互動(概念取徑)的兩種不同家庭中,子女對媒介特質的感知有何差異,以及是否會有不同的網路關係維持行為。研究結果指出,家庭中越是強調父母權威,子女越能感受到:網路讓他們比較敢向父母表達自身想法,並且也越能在與父母溝通前有更多時間好好地組織自己想法,而越是重視父母權威的家庭,子女也越會傾向在網路中與父母分享心事與表現出對父母的體諒,網路讓這些原來關係緊張的親子之間有了更多親密互動的可能。 / With the population of the computer technology, internet has become one of the tools of parent-child communication. Parents and children nowadays also interacted and communicated on line, just like any other relationships. However, parental communication rarely became the topic in the study about the internet. In family communication research, the researchers always talked about whether the internet interaction reduces the actual interaction in family life. In this thesis, the context of this idea lacked the communicative function of the internet.,
This study investigates how children have different perception of media characteristics and different internet communication behavior in the social oriented families (that emphasis parent’s power) and concept oriented families (that encourage children to share their opinions). Firstly, the study finds that the children from social oriented families are more likely to feel that they have more various topics which are unable to show while being together with their parents by face-to-face. Secondly, they consider that they are able to arrange their ideas more perfectly before talking with their parents. Moreover, the finding also indicates that the children from social oriented families are willing to share their secrets and express understanding for their parents on line. Thus, for the social oriented families, the internet provides another way to improve parental relationships.
|
23 |
青少年氣質與父母管教態度對親子關係之影響 / The Effects of Adolescent Temperament and Parenting on Parent-Child Relationships賴嘉凰, Lai, Chia-Huang Unknown Date (has links)
本研究在探討青少年氣質和父母管教態度對親子關係之影響。研究以台北縣市國中一、二年級學生為對象,共計578人。經「青少年氣質量表」、「父母管教態度問卷」、「親子關係問卷」等研究工具,獲得所需的資料以描述統計、變異數分析和逐步多元迴歸分析等統計方法進行分析。
本研究的主要發現為:不論男生或女生,父母親的引導態度、子女的工作取向度及母親的放任態度均能有效預測親子關係;男生的反應強度和適應度亦能有效預測親子關係;而女生則是注意力分散度、情緒本質能有效預測親子關係。同時,氣質類型和母親管教態度類型對親子關係的影響有顯著的交互作用,其中子女氣質為活潑開朗型且母親管教為權威型和引導型,其親子關係較好;子女的氣質為貫徹始終型且母親管教為回收愛型和引導型,其親子關係較好;其餘氣質類型和母親的引導型配對,其親子關係亦較好。且不同氣質類型在親子關係上有顯著的差異;不同父母管教類型在親子關係上亦有顯著的差異。
最後,根據研究結果提出家庭教育中父母管教態度與子女氣質適配,以及未來研究方向的建議。 / The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of adolescent temperament and parenting on parent-child relationships. The samples of this study include 578 subjects from ten junior-high schools in Taipei area. Three study instruments are adolescent temperament scale, parenting questionnaires, and parent-child relationships questionnaires. Analyses include ANOVA and stepwise multiple regression analysis.
The major findings are: no matter what boys or girls they are, parent's induction, adolescent task orientation and permissiveness temperament can predict effectively parent-child relationships; boy's Intensity and adaptability temperament can predict effectively parent-child relationships, so can girl's distractibility and mood. Simultaneously, interaction beween types of temperament and types of mother's parenting affect remarkably parent-child relationships; adolescent with vigorous temperament type and mother with power assertion or induction parenting, parent-child relationships would be better; adolescent with constant temperament type and mother with love withdrawal or induction parenting, parent-child relationships would be better; and adolescent with any other temperament types and mother with induction parenting, parent-child relationships would be better. And also, types of temperament are remarkably difference in parent-child relationships, as well as types of parenting are remarkably difference in parent-child relationships.
According to the results of this study, fits for parenting and adolescent temperament in family education, and suggestions in future study are proposed.
|
24 |
子女交付請求之研究--以日本法為中心曾建豪, Tseng, Chien-hao Unknown Date (has links)
本論文乃以日本之法制與實務為主,並輔以學說見解,探討有關子女交付請求紛爭之種種,此外,亦就我國實體法及程序法上與子女交付請求紛爭有關規定加以介紹;由於我國諸多法規修正未久 ,因此,若能援用法制上相近之日本實務、學說以為參考,使上述法規之適用得以無誤,實務之運作得以順遂,以謀求子女之福祉以及紛爭之解決,則甚幸矣。
本論文共分為引論、本論及結論三部分。
引論部分乃以前言、子女交付請求於親子法上之定位及子女交付請求於親權法上之定位三者所構成;前言旨在說明有關研究本身之種種,比如研究動機、研究目的、研究方法、研究範圍等等,並就若干名詞作一探討;由於子女交付請求乃親權內容之一,屬於親子法律關係之一環,因此,本論文於進入子女交付請求本身探討之前,先就其於親子法上、親權法上之定位作一說明,以求正本清源;惟因本論部分中有關子女交付請求本身之探討係以日本法為中心,因之,於引論部分有關子女交付請求於親子法、親權法上之定位,亦以日本法為中心,以求統一,此點合先敘明。
本論部分旨在探討子女交付請求之實體、程序之核心問題;有關子女交付請求本身,在實體部份,關於子女交付請求所保護之法利益,亦即子女交付請求之性質如何?學說與實務未必一致;在程序部份,關於上述所保護之法利益,其種種救濟手段間,甚至其強制執行方法,其間之界限未必有明確基準;凡此種種,皆是本論所欲探討之重點;最後,並就日本人身保護法與子女交付請求之關係作一介紹。而本論亦如同引論,仍以日本法制學說實務為說明依據,蓋其法制較為完備,資料亦較為豐富故也。
結論部分旨在就子女交付請求相關問題,整理我國之法制、學說與實務之見解。雖然日本實體法規範並未就子女交付請求權予以明文規定,然而實務與學說卻積極予以承認,並不斷自其性質、要件之檢討中,探求子女利益之所在;就此而言,我國實體法規範雖亦無明文承認子女交付請求權,然而我國實務與學說一如日本,亦肯定子女交付請求權;因而,日本實務與學說之見解或可參考援用。此外,日本於程序法上,由於日本家事審判法與日本人身保護法之規範與實務之適用,使得日本子女交付請求程序由一元而為多元;反觀我國法制,由於民國八十八年二月三日公布之民事訴訟法及非訟事件法部分條文修正之結果,使得有關子女監護問題,其程序由一元而為二元;因此,於此修正後,我國有關子女監護之程序發展,更有必要藉由以多元法制行之有年之日本實務與學說見解,作為我國今後程序法上所面臨問題之參考依據。本部之最後,則以日本法制於我國之啟迪,試圖由其中發現我國法制之缺失,甚至窺探出未來子女交付請求問題之思考方向,作為本論文之結語。
目 次
第一部 引論─親子法、親權與子女交付請求 1
第一章 前言 2
第一節 研究動機與目的 2
第二節 研究方法與範圍 3
第三節 名詞探討 4
第二章 子女交付請求在親子法上之定位 7
第一節 親子法之概念 8
第一項 親子法之歷史演變 8
第一款 在親子法之前 8
第二款 親子法之演變 9
第三款 子女之權利(兒童之權利) 11
第二項 親子法上之親子 12
第一款 決定法律上親子之目的 13
第二款 生物學上之親子與法律上之親子 14
第三款 法律上親子之決定要素 15
第四款 法律上親子之種類 18
第五款 科技發展對法律上親子之影響 26
第二節 親子法之內容與指導原則 29
第一項 親子法之內容 29
第二項 親子法之指導原則 30
第一款 親子法指導原則之演變 30
第二款 親子法之指導原則一為子女之利益 30
第三節 親子法上之子女交付請求 34
第一項 子女交付請求之定位 34
第二項 子女利益與子女交付請求 35
第三章 子女交付請求在親權法上之定位 37
第一節 親權之概念 37
第一項 親權之演變、意義與性質 38
第一款 親權之演變 38
第二款 親權之現代意義 39
第三款 親權之性質 39
第二項 親權與監護 47
第一款 監護教育權利義務規定 47
第二款 親權與監護之異同 49
第二節 親權人之決定與種類 56
第一項 親權人之決定 56
第一款 法律上之父母與親權人 56
第二款 親權人「決定」之意含 57
第二項 親權人之類型 63
第三節 親權之行使與親權之內容 66
第一項 親權之行使 66
第二項 親權之內容 68
第四節 子女交付請求與其他親權之關係 69
第一項 親權之行使與子女交付請求 69
第二項 親權之內容與子女交付請求 70
第一款 身上監護與子女交付請求 70
第二款 居所指定與子女交付 72
第二部 本論一子女交付請求之實體、程序及人身保護 75
第四章 子女交付請求實體論之一─子女交付請求之意義、性質與類型75
第一節 子女交付請求之意義 76
第二節 子女交付之性質 78
第一項 子女交付請求性質之演變 78
第一款 準物之交付請求 79
第二款 妨害排除請求 79
第二項 現代子女交付之性質 81
第三節 子女交付請求之類型 84
第一項 子女交付請求類型之演變 84
第二項 子女交付請求類型之區分 86
第一款 以請求主體為區分標準 87
第二款 以程序為區分標準 89
第五章 子女交付請求之實體論之二─子女交付請求之要件 91
第一節 離婚與子女交付請求 91
第二節 親權人、監護人指定、變更之基準 94
第一項 基準之演變 95
第二項 基準之內容 95
第一款 親權人、監護人指定之基準 97
第二款 親權人、監護人變更之基準 101
第三項 小結 103
第三節 子女交付請求之要件 104
第一項 要件之演變 105
第二項 子女交付於訴訟上之判斷要件 107
第一款 妨害存在 107
第二款 子女自由意思 109
第三款 權利濫用 111
第三項 子女交付於家事審判上之判斷基準 112
第四項 小結 113
第六章 子女交付之程序論─裁判管轄與執行 115
第一節 子女交付之裁判管轄 115
第一項 裁判管轄類型之演變 116
第二項 裁判管轄之類型 117
第一款 民事訴訟 118
第二款 家事審判 119
第三款 人身保護請求 121
第二節 裁判管轄類型之應用與評價 122
第一項 應用爭點 123
第一款 共同親權人間之子女交付請求 123
第二款 親權人對非親權人、監護人(父母)之子女交付請
求 129
第三款 親權人對第三人之子女交付請求 135
第二項 子女交付訴訟與審判之關係 138
第三項 小結 139
第三節 子女交付之強制執行 140
第一項 子女交付強制執行之概念 141
第一款 裁判管轄類型與執行 141
第二款 子女交付執行之演變 142
第二項 子女交付之執行否定論(自力救濟說) 143
第三項 子女交付於訴訟上之執行(肯定論) 144
第一款 間接強制說 144
第二款 直接強制說 145
第三款 折衷說 147
第四項 子女交付家事審判之執行(肯定論) 149
第五項 小結 150
第七章 子女交付請求與人身保護 151
第一節 適用緣起 152
第二節 子女人身保護請求之性質與要件 155
第一項 性質 156
第二項 要件 157
第一款 拘束事實存在 158
第二款 拘束係違法(非依法律上正當程序) 160
第三款 拘束違法係顯著 162
第四款 無其他法律救濟係明白 164
第三節 子女人身保護請求之裁判與執行 165
第一項 裁判 166
第二項 執行 168
第三項 實例探討─未婚母事件 169
第一款 事實經過 169
第二款 監護權人對非監護權人部分 172
第三款 非監護權人對監護權人部分 174
第四款 事件結局 175
第四節 子女人身保護請求之適用評價與近期發展 176
第一項 適用評價 177
第二項 近期發展 179
第五節 小結 181
第三部 結論─我國法制、實務之研討 183
第八章 我國子女交付請求之法制與實務 184
第一節 法制概述 184
第一項 實體法相關規範 185
第一款 離婚後子女親權人之決定 186
第二款 親權人決定之基準 190
第三款 夫妻別居時之親權人決定 191
第四款 選定監護人(第三人)與子女交付請求 194
第二項 程序法相關規範 195
第一款 子女監護之訴訟程序與非訟程序 195
第二款 子女交付請求之程序 198
第三款 子女交付請求之強制執行 199
第二節 實務概況 201
第一項 實例概觀 201
第二項 訴訟爭點 202
第一款 夫妻別居時能否為子女交付請求 202
第二款 子女交付請求之決定基準 203
第三款 民法第一O八九條與子女監護人決定 204
第四款 子女交付請求與子女親權人決定 204
第三節 小結 205
第九章 結語 207
附錄一 日本民法親族(親屬)編部分條文中譯 1-1
附錄二 日本家事審判法部分條文中譯 2-1
附錄三 日本家事審判規則部分條文中譯 3-1
附錄四 日本民事執行法部分條文試譯 4-1
附錄五 日本人身保護法試譯 5-1
附錄六 日本人身保護規則部分條文試譯 6-1
參考文獻 7-1
|
25 |
中國人親子間情感性行為的溯源與變遷--從嬰幼兒依附行為到成年 / The origin and change of affectionate behaviors between Chinese parent and children - from attachment behaviors of infants and young children to adults張嘉真, Cuang, Chia-chen Unknown Date (has links)
文獻探討中首先針對依附理論的文獻加以回顧。指出嬰兒的依附行為,具有確保嬰兒生命安全的作用。三種不同的依附型態,是嬰兒適應不同環境所形成的不同結果。隨著孩子年紀的增長,中西方父母不同的教養方式,將分別導致親子間情感的疏離與親密。
在本論文中,則將依附行為視為個人生命中最初始的情感性行為,研究者進人家庭場域中,觀察親子的互動。並進一步探討,隨著生命成長,教養環境的改變,兒童如何去適應如此的改變。另外,藉由清末民初的傳記分析,探討中國傳統的情感表達方式。最後,綜合上述,編纂問卷,以了解當今大專生及大學生如何表達親子間的情感。
研究發現,嬰兒多自我焦點情緒的表現。親子間多肌膚之親。到了幼兒期,親子間仍保有表達性情感的特徵。因為父母認為孩子還不懂事,所以父母也不刻意於角色的扮演,因而容許自己與幼兒做某種程度的自我表現,如親親摟摟的示愛。在同時,幼兒也將透過社會化的歷程漸漸學會感受他人焦點情緒,進而壓抑自我焦點情緒的流露。傳統中國人的情感表達多訴諸工具性行為,委婉的傳遞愛的訊息。個人的恥感,促使個體少於自我表現,包括情感的直接表達,藉此降低個人的獨立性,以建立互相依賴的關係。而當今的成年子女對父母仍保存工具性愛情的特徵,且少於情感的直接表達,在態度上對此則保留持平。 / Research indicates that infants show much ego-focused
emotions. Parent and infants touch each other closely. In the young children stage, parent and children have the characters of expressive love. Because parent thought that young children did not know much, parent did not have to play the social roles. At the same time, young children would learn the ability to feel other-focused emotions. Other-focused emotions may inhibit the expressing of ego-focused emotions.Now, young adults in Taiwan have the characters of instrumental love to thier parent. They
seldomly show expressive love. Their attitude about expressive love is closely average.
|
26 |
兒童知覺的雙親婚姻衝突對其生活適應影響之歷程研究 / The Influences for Children's Perceptions of Interparental Marital Conflict on Children's Adjustment : A Process Study林美娟, Lin, Mei-Cheing Unknown Date (has links)
本研究的主要目的,乃在探討父母親的婚姻衝突對兒童生活適應影響歷程模式的適切性,並以兒童自陳報告的方式進行,期能從兒童的觀點瞭解婚姻衝突對他們造成生活適應影響的歷程,在此研究中親子關係與情緒安全扮演父母親婚姻衝突對兒童生活適應影響的中介角色。
以449名國小五、六年級的兒童為研究對象(男生226人,女生223人)。研究工具包括兒童自評的「兒童知覺雙親衝突量表」、「親子關係量表」、「兒童情緒安全量表」、「學校生活適應量表」、以及教師評量的「兒童行為評量表」。
資料分析採用 LISREL8進行假設考驗並驗證假設模式適切性。結果發現本研究所提出的模式被接受。兒童知覺的雙親婚姻衝突會直接影響兒童知覺的親子關係並進而間接影響兒童的生活適應,而且兒童知覺的雙親衝突對兒童的生活適應有直接的影響。
另外,兒童知覺的雙親婚姻衝突對兒童的情緒安全感有直接影響。根據研究結果,本研究建議父母應盡量避免在小孩面前爭吵,且在衝突過後應盡量設法尋求解決之道,並向孩子說明衝突原因。此外,父母應多參加家庭教育活動與親子活動,以減少婚姻衝突對兒童的 不利影響。學校方面應多加強與家庭的聯繫工作,並教導各種技巧,以提高兒童因應衝突的能力,減少婚姻衝突對兒童的不利影響。 / This study examined the fittness of the model of the influences for children's perceptions of interparental marital conflict on children's adjustment. In this study, parent-child relationship and emotional security were the mediative variables. Subjects were 449 elementary school students ( 226 boys , 223 girls ).Using LISREL8 to test the fittness ,the model was accepted. Children's perceptions of interparental marital conflict would directly affect children's perception of parent-child relationship and indirectly affected children's adjustment.And children's perceptions of interparental marital conflict directly affected children's emotional security.The useness and limitation of this study werediscussed.
|
27 |
幼幼班母親對幼兒閱讀信念與親子共讀之相關研究─以台中縣為例 / A study of the relationship between the maternal literacy beliefs and mother-child book-reading—an example of Taichung County林湘琴 Unknown Date (has links)
本研究旨在探討幼幼班母親在幼兒閱讀信念對於親子共讀之影響及關係。首先瞭解母親對幼兒閱讀信念與親子共讀之現況;其次分析不同背景變項對母親之幼兒閱讀信念與親子共讀之差異情形;第三則分析母親對幼兒閱讀信念與親子共讀之相關程度;最後,探討母親之幼兒閱讀信念對親子共讀之預測力。
本研究透過文獻探討以及問卷調查法來瞭解上述研究目的,改編之家庭問卷和父母親閱讀信念量表(Parental Reading Belief Inventory;PRBI)為研究工具。以台中縣私立托兒所幼幼班母親為研究母群體,以立意取樣方式抽樣21個鄉鎮市,共計29間私立托兒所之幼幼班母親為主要研究對象。共發出299份問卷,整體回收率有效問卷為76.92%。問卷回收後,使用SPSS12.0統計軟體進行描述性統計、信度分析、初探性與驗證性因素分析、獨立樣本t考驗、多變量變異數分析、單因子變異數分析、Scheff’e多重比較、皮爾森積差相關以及多元迴歸來分析資料。本研究主要結論如下:
壹、母親對幼兒閱讀信念最肯定共讀對幼兒之正向影響;大多數母親會在幼兒在三歲前進行共讀,且以經常或有時候的頻率進行,並為幼兒準備書籍,而幼兒也普遍喜愛親子共讀。
貳、不同變項對母親在幼兒閱讀信念與親子共讀之差異:
一、閱讀頻率越高之母親越會進行親子共讀、幼兒越喜愛共讀、越會為幼兒準備書籍。
二、高社經較低社經地位的母親較早開始進行親子共讀;但低社經地位的母親較中、高社經地位的母親較會為幼兒準備書籍。
三、有童年親子共讀經驗的母親更受「反向因素」的影響、更肯定「共讀對幼兒有正向影響」、會在幼兒更年幼時開始親子共讀;沒有童年親子共讀經驗的母親更會與幼兒進行親子共讀。
四、在家年齡排行「第四或其他」的幼兒較排行「第三」的幼兒更喜愛親子共讀。
參、母親整體幼兒閱讀信念越強、越不受反向因素影響、母親親子共讀效能感越高、幼兒開始共讀的年齡越小、其親子共讀頻率越高、幼兒喜愛共讀的程度越高、家中幼兒書籍量越多,但卻越沒有與幼兒共讀經驗。
肆、母親對幼兒閱讀信念之「反向因素」可預測母親「與幼兒共讀經驗」,但為負向;整體母親之幼兒閱讀信念可預測母親「與幼兒開始共讀年齡」、「親子共讀頻率」、「幼兒喜愛共讀程度」、「幼兒書籍量」,且皆為正向。
最後,研究者根據上述研究結論針對母親、未來之研究提出建議,以期對未來三歲以前之親子共讀推廣和研究有所助益。 / The main purposes of this study was to: (a)understand the current situation of the maternal literacy beliefs and mother-child book-reading; (b)explore the data of the maternal literacy beliefs and mother-child book-reading between different backgrounds and influencing factors; (c) analyze the relationship between these two variables; (d) explore the predictive power of the maternal literacy beliefs on the mother-child book-reading.
To accomplish these purposes, the methods adopted were a comprehensive literature review and a questionnaire. Two scales were uses to measure the following constructs: “Family Survey”, “Parental Reading Belief Inventory;PRBI”. A total of 299 mothers of 2-3 years old children from 29 private pre-schools participated in this survey in Taichung County, and with an effective response rate of 76.92%. The questionnaire data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, Cronbach α coefficient analysis, explorative factor analysis, confirmative factor analysis, T-test, MANOVA, ANOVA, Scheff’e posteriority comparison, Pearson’s correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis through the use of SPSS12.0 for windows. The major results were summarized as follows:
1.Mothers got the highest scores of Parental Reading Belief Inventory is Positive Affect to Child. Most of the mothers start book-reading with children before the age of 3. Mothers usually or sometimes reading to children, and prepare books for them. In addition, most of the children enjoy book-reading.
2.Maternal literacy beliefs and mother-child book-reading between different backgrounds and influencing factors:
a.Mothers with higher reading frequency, spending more time reading to their children and preparing more books for their children. Children are more enjoy book-reading.
b.High-SES mothers start to read to their children when children were younger than low-SES mothers do. However, low-SES mothers prepare more books for their children than middle-SES and high-SES mothers.
c.Mothers with book-reading experience in childhood got higher scores of Positive Affect to Child and start to read to their children at younger age of children, but got lower scores of Opposite Factor. Mothers without book-reading experience in childhood would spend more time reading to their children.
d.The forth or Later child is more enjoy book-reading than the third child.
3.Mothers got the higher scores on Parental Reading Belief Inventory, the less influence by Opposite Factor, the higher scores on Book-Reading Efficacy, the earlier start book-reading at younger age of children, the higher frequency to read to their children, children is more enjoy book-reading, the more books for children at home, but less book-reading experience with children.
4.Opposite Factor is predictable negatively Book-Reading Experience with Children. Maternal Literacy Beliefs is predictable positively Age of Child of Beginning Book-Reading、Mother-Child Book-Reading Frequency、Degree of Expressed Interest in Books of child、quantity of books for children.
Keywords:mother、beliefs 、maternal literacy beliefs、0~3 years old、Mother-Child Book-Reading、Bookstart
|
28 |
女性軍訓教官親子關係與生活滿意之研究-以臺北市軍訓教官為例 / A study on parent-child relationships and satisfaction in life of female military instructors-focusing on those working with Taipei City government林石麟 Unknown Date (has links)
女性軍訓教官具有陽剛之軍人身分被要求凡事以服從為天職,工作性質、負荷與男性軍訓教官並不因性別而調整工作內容。再者為迎合學校及家長的期望,軍訓教官不但擔任許多非制度面的角色,工作量也與日俱增。然女性軍訓教官仍需肩負較多的家庭責任,換言之,其除了職場的工作壓力之外,在家庭中亦承擔傳統觀念對女性角色的期待壓力。因此,女性軍訓教官之家庭親子關係與生活滿意情形值得深究。
本研究採質性研究深入訪談法,以臺北市政府教育局所屬已婚且育有子女的12位女性軍訓教官為訪談對象,經歸類分析所得研究結果發現如下:
一、權威管教,嚴母慈父
已婚育有子女之女性軍訓教官受到傳統權威管教方式,其每天忙於工作與家庭生活,通常會以恩威並濟方式管教子女,對子女的要求較高。
二、工時延長,影響生活
女性軍訓教官工作時間長,宿舍管理及24小時備勤使得同時面對不可預測的角色衝突之煎熬及壓力,對於已婚育有子女的女性軍訓教官的家庭而言壓力相對是重的。
三、母職天性,家事吃重
在現實生活雙薪家庭中的母親不僅是家事的主要勞動者,同時也扮演教養子女的主要角色。研究發現「女為主,男為輔」仍是受訪女性軍訓教官家庭中家務分工的主流模式。
四、轉化學生,互動良好
女性軍訓教官大部份進入學校場域是基於對「女教師之認同」,最大的成就就是感受到學生喜愛,輔導學生心智轉換變好、協助學生處理問題或幫助找到問題的解決方法,讓學生恢復到正軌。
五、升遷機會、隨緣以對
本研究發現從受訪女性軍訓教官發現其對升遷的看法是隨緣順其自然;而服務年資較短者及尚未晉升中校階級對升遷是不抱希望,這顯示女性軍訓教官對於升遷認為是沒有機會的。
六、重視休閒,休憩為主
女性軍訓教官休閒生活是在家休息為主,有些於假日從事親子戶外活動,少部分寒、暑假視經濟條件情況規劃全家出國。其休閒知覺自由度並不低,在休閒需求方面,具有較高的認同感。
根據以上研究結果,提出具體建議如下:(一)推動軍訓教官師資合格化,降低工作不確定感;(二)拔擢優秀人才,提高工作滿意;(三)適度運用校內人力,營造合諧組織氣氛;(四)開設選修課程,提昇學生生活輔導成效;(五)提供協助幼兒托育,降低育兒情緒壓力;(六)加強女性軍訓教官之支持系統,減少家庭與工作的衝突;(七)重視親子溝通品質,維持良好的關係;(八)積極參與在職進修,增加工作成就感;(九)釐清善用替代角色,提升家庭幸福感;(十)積極生涯規劃,爭取自我實現。 / Due to their virile military status, female military education officers are required to obey orders as part of the profession; their assignments and burdens are never adjusted because of gender difference. Moreover, to meet expectations of school authorities and parents, military education officers in general have to assume roles that may not be specified in the system, thus increasing their daily work. Female officers, however, need to take more familial responsibilities. That is to say, they must face the pressure from work place as well as the pressure from family, caused by traditional expectations of female roles. It is, therefore, worthwhile to investigate the familial/parent-child relationship and life satisfaction of female military education officers.
This study adopts qualitative research method and interviews, in depth, 12 female military education officers working in schools supervised by Department of Education, Taipei City Government, who are married and raising children. After categorization and analyses, the findings are listed as follows:
I、 Discipline through authority—strict mother vs. kind father
Owing to the traditional training and requirements by profession, plus a busy schedule imposed upon life and work, married female officers mostly resort to authority and favors at the same time when disciplining children, thus appearing to be more demanding.
II、Prolonged working hours—familial life affected
With long office hours as in school dormitory management or on duty around the clock, female officers have to tackle pressure resulting from unpredictable role conflicts, which is comparatively intense for subjects’ families.
III、Family as focus—housework amassed
In actual life, the mother in a double-income family not only does most housework, but also plays a major part in bringing up children. This study discovers that “female as primary, male secondary” remains the prevalent model for housework sharing in subjects’ families.
IV、Transforming students—positive interaction encouraged
Most female military education officers applied to assignments in school settings because they identified themselves with “female teachers.” And their greatest sense of accomplishment comes from being liked by students, success in counseling, assisting students in solving problems or finding solutions to problems, and helping them get back to enjoying their student life.
V、Promotion opportunities—whatever turns up is accepted
According to this study, the interviewed female officers’ attitude toward future promotion may be summed up as “whatever turns up is accepted.” The juniors with few years of service and those not yet awarded the rank of major do not consider themselves hopefuls, which may indicate that most of them do not believe they stand a chance in promotion.
VI、Leisure is emphasized—relax at home
When off duty, most female officers stay at home and relax; some may participate in outdoor activities with children on holidays, and depending on financial circumstances, few may take a family trip overseas during winter or summer vacation. While the subjects show considerable leisure awareness, they display high conformity regarding leisure requirements.
Based on study findings, concrete suggestions are listed as follows: (1) military education officers are certified and legalized as regular teachers to reduce work instability (2) excellent personnel are promoted to guarantee job satisfaction (3) human resources from other departments are properly utilized to cultivate a harmonious working environment (4) relevant electives are offered to enhance student counseling (5) daycare is provided to reduce child-raising pressure (6) the support network for female military education officers is facilitated to minimize conflicts between family and work (7) quality of parent-child communication is emphasized to maintain good relationship (8) sign up for training in job to uplift sense of achievement (9) substitute roles are clearly defined and properly utilized to improve familial relations (10) career planning is strongly recommended for self-realization.
|
29 |
青少年親子關係、自我概念與壓力因應策略之相關性研究 / A study on parent-child relationship, self-concept and coping strategies of adolescents蔡芸佳 Unknown Date (has links)
本研究旨在瞭解青少年的親子關係、自我概念對其壓力因應策略的影響。以臺北市與新北市的國中二年級學生為研究對象,採分層隨機抽樣與自填問卷方式進行資料蒐集,共回收427份有效問卷。透過卡方檢定、獨立樣本T檢定、皮爾森積差相關、單因子變異數分析進行統計檢定,並由迴歸分析與路徑分析建立親子關係、自我概念與壓力因應策略的路徑圖。本研究之主要發現如下:
一、 在背景變項的部分,男女性青少年在自我概念上有差異;父母的教育程度、職業、家庭社經地位對自我概念皆有影響;而青少年居住地區不同,其親子關係、自我概念與壓力因應策略亦有所差異。
二、 在青少年的親子關係中,相較於彼此的支持信任,與父母理性的溝通以及情感上的交流分享較缺乏。
三、 青少年的心理自我概念與生理自我概念普遍偏低。
四、 面臨壓力時,青少年多採正向的因應策略;在正向策略中,最常採取暫時擱置問題策略,最少採取尋求師長的建議策略。
五、 青少年的親子關係越好、自我概念越佳,壓力因應策略越正向,透過迴歸分析預測壓力因應策略發現,親子關係與自我概念可解釋達42.1%的變異量。
據此,本研究提出以下建議:
一、 學校應規劃壓力因應策略的方案課程,使青少年學習更多元的因應策略;並重視青少年期的心理風險與社會適應問題,提升青少年的自我概念。
二、 社會工作實務的部分,可安排親子溝通相關議題的親職教育課程,同時設計親子團體,增加親子互動與學習的機會。
三、 父母應尊重青少年為一獨立的個體,不過度干涉青少年的隱私,避免以權威的態度來管教子女,而是在相互信任的關係中,以開放平等的態度,適時地關懷青少年的生活狀況。
四、 傳播媒體可增加親職教育、親子關係等相關資訊的普及性,但也應對所傳播之訊息嚴格把關,將各類資訊分級以符合各年齡層的閱聽人。 / This study aimed at understanding the effect that parent-child relationship and self-concept has on the coping strategies of adolescents. The subjects of this study were selected from the second grade junior high school students in Taipei City and New Taipei City. In-class survey method with structured questionnaire was employed to collect data for the study. A total of 427 valid samples were collected. Based on statistical data analyses, the study findings are as follows:
1. There are differences between male and female’s self-concept. The education, occupation of parents and social economic status have influences on adolescents’ self-concept. Adolescents of different city present significant differences in parent-child relationship, self-concept and coping strategies.
2. Compared to support and trust, adolescents are lack of communication and emotional interaction with their parents.
3. The mental self-concept and social self-concept of adolescents are generally low.
4. When under pressure, adolescents adopt more positive coping strategies. In the positive strategies, the most frequently used coping strategy is temporary- put-off strategies. The least frequently used one is support- seeking strategies.
5. Parent-child relationship and self-concept are significantly associated with coping strategies.
Finally, the research provides suggestions based on the result. First, school should pay attention to psychological risks and social adjustment problems of adolescents. Second, social work agencies can provide parenting education program and group work to increase parent-child interaction. Thirdly, parents should respect that the adolescent is an independent individual and should not excessively interfere his/her privacy. Finally, the media community should ensure the correctness of dissemination of information about parenting education and parent-child relationship.
|
30 |
親子共讀對幼兒閱讀能力影響之研究 / The effect of joint book reading on the literacy of young children何文君 Unknown Date (has links)
本研究之目的在探討親子共讀對幼兒閱讀能力之影響。使用自編之家長與幼兒共同閱讀問卷,收集有關親子共讀、家長及幼兒背景資料;本研究之幼兒閱讀能力,指幼兒認字能力、故事理解力、聲韻覺識能力,認字與故事理解力方面採用楊怡婷(1995)改編之故事及自編之理解能力測驗,聲韻覺識能力則採用呂珮菁(2004)聲韻覺識測驗,幼兒閱讀能力之資料皆至園所對幼兒施測而得。首先,分析背景資料對幼兒閱讀能力之影響,再比較有無親子共讀家庭中,分別在幼兒在閱讀能力上造成之差異;最後,針對前述有差異的閱讀能力,深入探討具有親子共讀的家庭裡,共讀的互動方式與閱讀能力間的關係。
研究結果為:
性別對幼兒的閱讀能力並沒有影響。亦發現學英語的幼兒在聲韻覺識作業細項中的中文聲母刪除作業及英文音素刪除作業表現較佳。在家長教育程度與職業在幼兒閱讀能力上沒有顯著差異。關於有無親子共讀對幼兒閱讀能力之影響,結果為:具有親子共讀的幼兒在故事理解力表現較無親子共讀者顯著為佳。 針對故事理解能力,家長共讀與此能力間的相關行為有:對於故事內容進行描述教導與推論教導,其中,描述教導的具體行為有「給予描述或指名」、「要求孩子描述或指名」、「要求孩子預測劇情」、「戲劇化表達」;推論教導的具體行為有「常問為什麼」、「與孩子討論因果關係」,這些都可以增進幼兒對故事的瞭解以及作出高層次認知的思考,基於研究結果之建議,文中有詳細討論。 / This thesis investigates the influence of parent to the literacy of their young child through sharing books with their child. Parents were requested to fill out the questionnaires about joint book reading and children were assessed their literacy which includes word recognition, story comprehension, and phonological awareness. The sample (n= 53) included 40 patents who have joint book reading and 13 parents who do not.
The first step of this thesis is to compare with children literacy between children whose parents have joint book reading and children whose parents do not. Children with sharing book by parents only have better achievement in story comprehension than those who without joint book reading. Thus, the second step of this thesis is to find out what kind of parents’ utterances during joint book reading is related to the story comprehension of children and these utterances may improve the story comprehension of children. The utterances which are related to the story comprehension of children are following:
1. Labels: Parents request or provide character identification, labeling of objects, and so on.
2. Descriptions: Parents request or provide an explanation of plot information and focus on what has happened or is happening.
Inference: Parents request predictions about why has happened in the story and discuss the causality in the story with their children.
|
Page generated in 0.0182 seconds