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The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers
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Showing 261 to 267 of 267 (0.057 seconds)Spelling suggestions: "subject:"cognitive behavioral astherapy"" "subject:"cognitive behavioral 20therapy""
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Veränderung von Problemen und Zielen im Therapieverlauf / Eine Untersuchung von verhaltenstherapeutisch und psychodynamisch behandelten Patienten mit Generalisierter Angststörung / Change of problems and aims in the course of therapy / A study of cognitive-behavioral therapy and psychodynamic-treated patients with generalized anxiety disorderWiegand, Frauke Carola 13 December 2010 (has links)
No description available.
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Přístupy k "Osobnostní a sociální výchově" ve výuce na 1. stupni ZŠ. / APPROACHES TO PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL EDUCATION IN TEACHING AT PRIMARY SCHOOLDEBRECINOVÁ, Stanislava January 2009 (has links)
The thesis highlights the importance of the cross-cutting theme of ``Personal and social education.{\crqq} Various cross-cutting issues such as those included in the general curriculum of basic education are defined in the theoretical part of the work. However, closer attention is dedicated to the cross-cutting theme of "Personal and social education". Presented in the practical part of the thesis is the information from the survey conducted on the sample of schools. These schools have had a yearly experience in application of their School education programs, including Personal and social education, into their own education systems.
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Sex therapy and psychotherapy as part of a holistic plan for breast cancer patientsMarais, Vanessa 10 1900 (has links)
Advances in breast cancer detection and oncology treatment modalities have prolonged the survival time for the cancer population, which is officially the largest group of cancer survivors among women in the western world, including South Africa (Brem & Kumar, 2011; Fisher, Dolbeault, Sultan & Bredart, 2014; Herbst, 2011; Reyes-Gibby, et al., 2012). In the light of shocking statistics and ever rising numbers of cancer, especially breast cancer, the time is ripe for further research in the domain of psycho-oncology and has motivated the researcher, due to her interest and involvement in breast cancer, to make this her field of research. Despite the need for a bio-psycho-social approach when treating cancer patients there is little literature available on the psychological interventions in South Africa where the majority of research studies previously conducted in South Africa have generally focused on the bio-medical aspects of cancer (Albrecht, 2009; Venter, 2014). To comprehend the paradigm of psycho-oncology, which is the backbone of this study, a theoretical framework was attained from Engel’s humanistic or psychological model (caring) and Pasteur’s biomedical model (curing) (Borrel-Carrio, Suchman, & Epstein, 2004).
The primary aim of this study was to explore the lived experiences of breast cancer patients concerning their diagnosis, treatment and survivorship and unique needs for psycho-oncological interventions through their own “voices”. The research was conducted within a qualitative framework with a case study method of inquiry employing open-ended style interviews and psychotherapeutic sessions with five purposely sampled breast cancer patients. Two qualitative questionnaires were also used for triangulation purposes. Transcripts of all the therapeutic sessions were analysed using interpretive analysis where categories and themes were developed and described in full. Findings indicated that in spite the extensive proof that breast cancer causes numerous sexual and psychological complications during active treatment and afterwards, patients still feel that they have no “platform” to express their emotions and sexual issues within the oncology framework, or that there is enough and sufficient assistance to attend to their needs.
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The researcher hopes that this study will make a valuable contribution to research in the field of psycho-oncology in South Africa and to indicate new realities of the chronicity of breast cancer and treatment complications that demand psychotherapeutic interventions in cancer care and that the study will initiate new ways of understanding the role of psychology and the psychologist in the medical world of cancer. The researcher hopes that by offering an understanding of participants’ unique experiences of this process, practitioners will have insight when working therapeutically with this population and empower them to have a quality of life, even within the boundaries of their illness. / Psychology / D. Litt. et Phil. (Psychology)
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En kvantitativ undersökning av hur iKBT påverkar samvetsstress och arbetsrelaterad stress hos vårdpersonal under hård arbetsbelastning till följd av Covid-19 / A Quantitative Analysis of the Effects of iCBT on Stress of Conscience and Work-Related Stress Among Healthcare Staff under High Workload due to Covid-19Dahlberg, Patrik, Nikoo, Sara January 2021 (has links)
Antalet sjukskrivningar till följd av stressrelaterade sjukdomar har ökat kraftigt för vårdpersonal. Därtill saknas det evidens för internetbaserade interventioner mot stressrelaterad ohälsa för vårdpersonal. Syftet var att undersöka och utvärdera en internetbaserad kognitiv beteendeterapi-intervention (iKBT) avseende graden av samvetsstress, arbetsrelaterad stress samt självmedkänsla hos vårdpersonal. Enkäter bestående av Stress of Conscience Questionnaire (SCQ), Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire version II (COPSOQ II) och Self-Compassion Scale (SCS) besvarades av deltagarna (N = 8), samtliga var kvinnor mellan 27 – 53 år. Resultaten analyserades med PEM och RCI på individnivå och T-test på gruppnivå. RCI-analysen visade begränsade resultat för SCQ, blandade resultat för COPSOQ II och övervägande positiva resultat för SCS. Analysen på gruppnivå visade en signifikant minskning i Sömnbesvär (p = .032) och Self-Judgment (p = .021) samt signifikant ökning i Self-Kindness (p = .016). Studien behöver replikeras i framtida studier med ett större antal deltagare och en studiedesign som är metodologiskt robust. / The amount of sick leave due to stress-related illnesses has increased significantly for healthcare staff. In addition, there is a lack of evidence for internet-based interventions for stress-related illness for healthcare staff. The aim was to examine and evaluate an internet-based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (iCBT) intervention regarding the degree of stress of conscience, work-related stress and self-compassion among healthcare staff. Questionnaires consisting of Stress of Conscience Questionnaire (SCQ), Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire version II (COPSOQ II) and Self-Compassion Scale (SCS) were answered by the participants (N = 8), all were women between 27 - 53 years. The results were analyzed with PEM and RCI at the individual level and T-tests at group level. The RCI analysis showed limited results for SCQ, mixed results for COPSOQ II and predominantly positive results for SCS. The analysis at group level showed a significant decrease in Sleep Disorders (p = .032) and Self-Judgment (p = .021) as well as a significant increase in Self-Kindness (p = .016). The study needs to be replicated in future studies with a larger number of participants and a study design that is more methodologically robust.
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Efficacité et processus thérapeutiques de la Thérapie basée sur la réalité virtuelle pour le traitement de la schizophrénie réfractaire aux traitementsDellazizzo, Laura 04 1900 (has links)
La schizophrénie est considérée comme l'un des troubles psychiatriques les plus invalidants. L'une des principales raisons de ce fardeau élevé est qu'une grande partie des patients atteints de schizophrénie ne répondent pas adéquatement aux traitements pharmacologiques de première ligne et continueront de souffrir d’hallucinations auditives. La présence de celles-ci peut avoir un effet dévastateur sur le bien-être émotionnel des patients ainsi que sur leur qualité de vie. Les alternatives non-pharmacologiques (ex., Thérapie cognitivo-comportementale (TCC)) demeurent aussi limitées. Ainsi, pour plusieurs patients, les traitements actuellement recommandés ne sont pas suffisants. À cet égard, le traitement de la schizophrénie peut être perfectionné si, en plus du traitement des symptômes, l'accent thérapeutique est mis sur d’autres sphères importantes pour les patients (ex., améliorer l’estime de soi, réguler les émotions). Les efforts visant à accroître l'efficacité et les bénéfices des psychothérapies fondées sur des preuves ont mené à l'émergence d'interventions basées sur la réalité virtuelle (RV). Avec ces progrès technologiques, AVATAR Therapy et l’adaptation faite par notre équipe, la Thérapie assistée par la Réalité Virtuelle (TRV) (ou communément nommé la Thérapie Avatar (TA)), permettent aux patients d’entrer en dialogue en temps réel avec un avatar, animé entièrement par le thérapeute, qui représente leur voix la plus persécutrice. Cette approche, à la fois relationnelle et expérientielle, offre une occasion unique d’aider les patients à prendre le contrôle de leur voix.
Cette thèse a pour objectif principal d’évaluer l’efficacité de cette psychothérapie basée sur la RV ainsi que les thèmes abordés durant et après la thérapie. Pour arriver à cette fin, divers objectifs ont été mis à l’avant : (i) résumer l'état des preuves sur l'efficacité des interventions basées sur la RV pour les troubles psychiatriques, (ii) évaluer l'efficacité de la TA/TRV par rapport à la TCC, (iii) illustrer l’efficacité de la thérapie à travers la perspective de patients ayant montré des effets bénéfiques, et (iv) explorer les thèmes émergeants ainsi que les processus thérapeutiques de la TA/TRV.
Dans la première section, deux recensions des écritsdans diverses bases de données ont été effectuées pour examiner l’efficacité des psychothérapies basées sur la RV. Notre méta-revue (c’est-à-dire revue de méta-analyse) incluant 11 méta-analyses et 41 tailles d'effet a montré des résultats positifs de la RV dans le traitement des troubles psychiatriques, principalement des troubles anxieux. Les interventions basées sur la RV sont meilleures que le traitement usuel et montrent généralement des effets similaires par rapport aux approches fondées sur des preuves. Les résultats préliminaires suggèrent également que les effets de la RV se maintiennent dans le temps. Par contre, de nombreux symptômes et troubles psychiatriques qui peuvent être traités par des interventions utilisant RV n'ont pu être examinés par une analyse méta-analytique, en particulier les symptômes psychotiques (ex., hallucinations auditives) et les comportements liés à l'agressivité (ex., régulation émotionnelle). Ainsi, notre seconde revue a montré qu’il existe un nombre limité de paradigmes basés sur la RV pour traiter les individus atteints de troubles psychotiques et autres troubles mentaux à risque de comportements agressifs. Les études préliminaires dans des populations autres que la schizophrénie ont montré des réductions de la colère et de l'impulsivité, des améliorations des capacités de résolution des conflits ainsi que des niveaux d'empathie et des diminutions de l'agressivité. En ce qui a trait aux interventions basées sur la RV pour la schizophrénie, des réductions par rapport aux délires et aux hallucinations auditives ont été trouvées.
Dans la seconde section, deux essais cliniques ont été menés pour évaluer l’efficacité de la TA/TRV seule en comparaison avec la TCC et en combinaison avec la TCC (TCC+TA/TRV). Notre essai randomisé comparant la TA/TRV à la TCC a compris 37 participants de plus de 18 ans entendant des voix persécutives et souffrant de schizophrénie résistante aux traitements dans chacun des groupes. Les résultats principaux ont montré que les deux interventions ont produit des améliorations significatives sur la sévérité des symptômes hallucinatoires avec des effets plus prononcés pour la TA/TRV. De plus, les résultats suggèrent une supériorité de la TA/TRV par rapport à la TCC sur les symptômes affectifs. La TA/TRV a également montré des effets positifs sur la qualité de vie. Les effets ont été maintenus à long terme, soit jusqu'à un an de suivi. Notre preuve de concept sur 10 patients ayant suivi la TCC de notre essai clinique comparatif qui souhaitaient continuer à obtenir des améliorations avec la TA/TRV a montré que les effets de la TCC+TA/TRV sur les symptômes dépressifs et les symptômes de la schizophrénie étaient plus larges que ceux trouvés pour l'une ou l'autre des interventions uniques.
La troisième section a pour but de détailler les cas de 2 patients ayant suivi la TA/TRV. D’abord, nous avons décrit un partenariat entre un utilisateur de services en santé mentale et des chercheurs cliniciens en mettant en vedette M. X, le premier patient à suivre la thérapie. Nous avons ainsi montré l’apport de monsieur X quant à ses suggestions d’amélioration de la thérapie et ensuite en tant que notre pair aidant pour les futurs patients, dans son cheminement vers le rétablissement. Ensuite, nous avions rapporté le cas d'un patient atteint d’une schizophrénie ultra-résistante, soit M. Smith, qui n'a pas répondu à plusieurs traitements antipsychotiques, à la stimulation magnétique transcrânienne répétitive et à la thérapie par électrochocs avant de participer à notre essai. De plus, le patient a terminé notre TCC avant de se voir proposer notre TA/TRV. Cette dernière intervention a montré les effets les plus positifs. Or, ces deux cas ont montré que la thérapie a aidé non seulement à diminuer leurs symptômes, mais aussi à améliorer leur qualité de vie.
La quatrième section a pour objectif d’explorer les thèmes émergents de la TA/TRV suite à des analyses de contenu. Ainsi, suite à une analyse qualitative découlant du discours spontané de 10 patients ayant bien répondu à la TA/TRV, quatre thèmes généraux ont émergé : impact de la thérapie sur les voix, relations interpersonnelles, bien-être psychologique et mode de vie. Cette analyse de contenu a permis d’identifier plusieurs sphères de vie qui sont davantage améliorées chez les patients ayant une schizophrénie résistante aux traitements à l’aide de la TA/TRV. Deux autres analyses qualitatives ont été conduites pour approfondir nos connaissances sur les processus thérapeutiques de la TA/TRV. Celles-ci ont permis de montrer que les patients répondent au propos de l’avatar en utilisant des mécanismes d'adaptation ou en exprimant des émotions, des croyances, des perceptions de soi ou des aspirations. Le discours de l'avatar a pu être catégorisé en techniques de confrontation (ex., provocation) et en techniques positives (ex., renforcement). Grâce à l'identification de changements mutuels dans l'interaction entre le patient et son avatar, un changement a été observé au fil des séances de la confrontation vers un dialogue constructif. L'affirmation de soi, les réponses émotionnelles et les stratégies de prévention semblaient être au cœur du processus thérapeutique, et celles-ci se produisent généralement en réponse à des techniques positives.
Cette thèse contribue à la validation d’une nouvelle approche thérapeutique répondant à un besoin clinique fondamental. Ainsi, la TA/TRV met en lumière l'avenir des approches adaptées aux patients qui peuvent présenter des avantages par rapport aux traitements conventionnels. Ces types d’interventions holistiques utilisant la RV pourraient aussi présenter des avenues prometteuses dans plusieurs autres troubles psychiatriques. / Schizophrenia is considered one of the most debilitating psychiatric disorders. One of the main reasons for this high burden is that a large proportion of patients with schizophrenia do not respond adequately to first-line pharmacological treatments and will continue to suffer from auditory hallucinations. The presence of these symptoms can have a devastating effect on the emotional well-being of patients as well as their quality of life. Non-pharmacological alternatives (e.g., Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)) also remain limited. Thus, for many patients, the treatments currently recommended are not sufficient. In this regard, the treatment of schizophrenia may be improved if, in addition to the treatment of symptoms, therapeutic emphasis is placed on other areas of importance to patients (e.g., improving self-esteem, emotion regulation). Efforts to increase the effectiveness and benefits of evidence-based psychotherapies have led to the emergence of virtual reality (VR)-based interventions. With these technological advances, AVATAR Therapy and its related innovative form from our team, Virtual Reality Assisted Therapy (VRT) (or commonly Avatar Therapy (AT)), allow patients to enter a real-time dialogue with an avatar, animated entirely by the therapist, who represents their most persecutory voice. This approach, both relational and experiential, offers a unique opportunity to help patients take control of their voice.
The main objective of this thesis is to evaluate the effectiveness of this psychotherapy based on VR as well as the themes addressed during and after the therapy. To achieve this end, various objectives have been put forward: (i) summarize the state of the evidence on the effectiveness of VR-based interventions for psychiatric disorders, (ii) assess the effectiveness of AT/VRT versus CBT, (iii) obtain the perspective of patients who have undergone AT/TRV, (iv) explore the therapeutic processes of AT/VRT.
In the first section, two literature reviews in various databases were performed to examine the effectiveness of VR-based psychotherapies. Our meta-review including 11 meta-analyzes and 41 effect sizes showed positive results of VR in the treatment of psychiatric disorders, mainly anxiety disorders. VR-based interventions appear better than inactive controls and generally show similar effects compared to evidence-based approaches. Preliminary results also suggest that the effects of VR are sustained over time. On the other hand, many psychiatric symptoms and disorders that can be treated with interventions using VR have not been examined by a meta-analytical analysis, including psychotic symptoms (e.g., auditory hallucinations) and related behaviors. aggression (e.g., emotional regulation). Thus, our second review showed that there are a limited number of VR-based paradigms for treating individuals with psychotic disorders and other mental disorders at risk for aggressive behavior. Preliminary studies in populations other than schizophrenia have shown reductions in anger and impulsivity, improvements in conflict resolution skills as well as levels of empathy and decreases in aggression. Particularly related to VR interventions for schizophrenia, reductions in delusions and auditory hallucinations were found.
In the second section, two clinical trials were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of AT/VRT alone in comparison with CBT and in combination with CBT (CBT+TA/VRT). Our randomized trial comparing AT/VRT to CBT included 37 participants over 18 years of age hearing persecutory voices and suffering from treatment-resistant schizophrenia in each group. The main results showed that the two interventions produced significant improvements in the severity of hallucinatory symptoms with more pronounced effects for AT/VRT. In addition, the results suggest that AT/VRT is superior to CBT on affective symptoms. AT/VRT has also shown positive effects on quality of life. The effects were maintained for up to one year of follow-up. Our proof of concept on 10 patients having followed CBT from our comparative clinical trial who wanted to continue to achieve improvements with AT/VRT showed that the effects of CBT+AT/VRT on depressive symptoms and symptoms of schizophrenia were broader than those found for either intervention alone.
The third section details the cases of 2 patients who had followed AT/VRT. First, we described a partnership between a mental health service user and clinical researchers by featuring Mr. X, the first to follow therapy for his suggestions and our peer helper for future patients, on his journey to the recovery. Next, we reported the case of a patient with ultra-resistant schizophrenia, Mr. Smith, who failed to respond to multiple antipsychotic treatments, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, and electroconvulsive therapy before participating in our trial. In addition, this patient completed our CBT before being offered AT/VRT. The latter intervention showed the most positive effects. These two cases showed that AT/VRT not only helped to decrease their symptoms, but also to improve their quality of life.
The fourth section aimed to explore emerging themes of AT/VRT following content analyses. Thus, following a qualitative analysis resulting from the spontaneous speech of 10 patients who responded well to AT/VRT, four general themes emerged: impact of therapy on voices, interpersonal relationships, psychological well-being and lifestyle. This content analysis identified several areas of life that are further improved in patients with treatment resistant schizophrenia after having followed AT/VRT. Two other qualitative analyses were carried out to deepen our knowledge of the therapeutic processes of AT/VRT. These have shown that patients respond to the avatar's words by using a coping mechanism or by expressing emotions, beliefs, self-perceptions or aspirations. The avatar's discourse could be categorized into confrontational techniques (e.g., provocation) and positive techniques (e.g., reinforcement). With the identification of mutual changes in the interaction between the patient and their avatar, a shift was observed over therapy sessions from confrontation towards a constructive dialogue. Assertiveness, emotional responses, and prevention strategies seemed to be central to the therapeutic process, and these usually occurred in response to positive techniques.
This thesis contributes to the validation of a new therapeutic approach responding to a fundamental clinical need. Thus, AT/VRT shines a light on the future of patient-oriented approaches that may have advantages over conventional treatments. These types of holistic interventions using VR may have notable applications in several other psychiatric disorders.
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Enhancing Support for Eating Disorders: Developing a Conversational Agent Integrating Biomedical Insights and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy / Förstärkt stöd för ätstörningar: Utveckling av en konversationsagent som integrerar biomedicinska insikter och kognitiv beteendeterapiRehn Hamrin, Josefin January 2024 (has links)
This thesis investigates the application of TrueBalance, a conversational agent designed to support young adults vulnerable to eating disorders (EDs). TrueBalance integrates Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) techniques with biomedical insights, including genetic and neurobiological factors, to provide a more personalized and scientifically grounded support system. It addresses limitations in existing dietary monitoring tools that usually focus on calorie tracking and food intake, often neglecting the nuanced needs of specific groups like young females and elite athletes, who are particularly vulnerable to EDs and disordered eating behaviors. The study addresses how biomedical determinants can be integrated into a conversational agent, how these agents can utilize CBT principles to support individuals vulnerable to EDs, and what challenges and opportunities arise from the user’s perspective when using such a dialogue model. The research strives to bridge the gap in current dietary self-monitoring tools by offering a more robust and empathetic support system for individuals struggling with EDs. Through iterative development and user testing, TrueBalance has demonstrated its potential as an engaging educational tool. Feedback from both therapists and users has highlighted the tool’s utility in real-world settings. It has led to suggestions for enhancements in personalizing interactions and making response systems more adaptive. The findings suggest conversational agents like TrueBalance have potential in non-clinical support environments for individuals with EDs and function as a potential informative, supportive tool for therapists’ education. / Denna masteruppsats undersöker användningen av TrueBalance, en konversationsagent designad för att stödja unga vuxna som är sårbara för ätstörningar. TrueBalance integrerar tekniker från Kognitiv beteendeterapi (KBT) med biomedicinska insikter, inklusive genetiska och neurobiologiska faktorer, för att tillhandahålla ett mer personligt och vetenskapligt förankrat stödsystem. Den tar itu med begränsningarna i befintliga verktyg för kostövervakning, som vanligtvis fokuserar på kalorispårning och matintag men ofta förbiser de nyanserade behoven hos specifika grupper, såsom unga kvinnor och elitidrottare, som är särskilt sårbara för ätstörningar och ätstörda beteenden. Studien behandlar hur biomedicinska determinanter kan integreras i en konversationsagent, hur dessa agenter kan använda KBT-principer för att stödja individer sårbara för ätstörningar, samt vilka utmaningar och möjligheter som uppstår från användarens perspektiv när de använder en sådan dialogmodell. Forskningen strävar efter att överbrygga klyftan i nuvarande verktyg för kostövervakning genom att erbjuda ett robustare och mer empatiskt stödsystem för individer som kämpar med ätstörningar. Genom iterativ utveckling och användartester har TrueBalance visat sin potential som ett engagerande pedagogiskt verktyg. Återkoppling från både terapeuter och användare har belyst verktygets nytta i verkliga sammanhang. Det har lett till förslag på förbättringar för att personalisera interaktioner och göra responssystemen mer adaptiva. Resultaten tyder på att konversationsagenter som TrueBalance har potential i icke-kliniska stödmiljöer för individer med ätstörningar och kan fungera som ett potentiellt informativt, stödjande verktyg för terapeuters utbildning.
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Action in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: an Enactive Psycho-phenomenological and Semiotic Analysis of Thirty New Zealand Women's Experiences of Suffering and RecoveryHart, M J Alexandra January 2010 (has links)
This research into Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) presents the results of 60 first-person psycho-phenomenological interviews with 30 New Zealand women. The participants were recruited from the Canterbury and Wellington regions, 10 had recovered. Taking a non-dual, non-reductive embodied approach, the phenomenological data was analysed semiotically, using a graph-theoretical cluster analysis to elucidate the large number of resulting categories, and interpreted through the enactive approach to cognitive science.
The initial result of the analysis is a comprehensive exploration of the experience of CFS which develops subject-specific categories of experience and explores the relation of the illness to universal categories of experience, including self, ‘energy’, action, and being-able-to-do.
Transformations of the self surrounding being-able-to-do and not-being-able-to-do were shown to elucidate the illness process.
It is proposed that the concept ‘energy’ in the participants’ discourse is equivalent to the Mahayana Buddhist concept of ‘contact’. This characterises CFS as a breakdown of contact. Narrative content from the recovered interviewees reflects a reestablishment of contact.
The hypothesis that CFS is a disorder of action is investigated in detail.
A general model for the phenomenology and functional architecture of action is proposed. This model is a recursive loop involving felt meaning, contact, action, and perception and appears to be phenomenologically supported.
It is proposed that the CFS illness process is a dynamical decompensation of the subject’s action loop caused by a breakdown in the process of contact.
On this basis, a new interpretation of neurological findings in relation to CFS becomes possible. A neurological phenomenon that correlates with the illness and involves a brain region that has a similar structure to the action model’s recursive loop is identified in previous research results and compared with the action model and the results of this research. This correspondence may identify the brain regions involved in the illness process, which may provide an objective diagnostic test for the condition and approaches to treatment.
The implications of this model for cognitive science and CFS should be investigated through neurophenomenological research since the model stands to shed considerable light on the nature of consciousness, contact and agency.
Phenomenologically based treatments are proposed, along with suggestions for future research on CFS. The research may clarify the diagnostic criteria for CFS and guide management and treatment programmes, particularly multidimensional and interdisciplinary approaches.
Category theory is proposed as a foundation for a mathematisation of phenomenology.
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