Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2016-03-17T15:36:39Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Josias Ferreira Alves Neto - 2015.pdf: 1522460 bytes, checksum: aff82ef7adad10129b6a7108aef5baf3 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2016-03-17T15:40:27Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Josias Ferreira Alves Neto - 2015.pdf: 1522460 bytes, checksum: aff82ef7adad10129b6a7108aef5baf3 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-17T15:40:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Josias Ferreira Alves Neto - 2015.pdf: 1522460 bytes, checksum: aff82ef7adad10129b6a7108aef5baf3 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-11-25 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Goiás - FAPEG / Judgments about human rights require democratic environments to be incurred. The dialogue between the various stakeholders proves to be essential to overcome the limits of legal cognition so that judicial decision will be more effective as the addressed participate to it. In this sense, the unconstitutionality lawsuit n. 3.510 from 2005 shows an interesting example of operation of the dialog field since admitted in its decision making process, the presence of civil society through the amicus curiae institute and the public hearings. The mainstreaming of research on embryonic stem cells has awakened interest of several organizations that would volunteer themselves to expand the legal cognition about the beginning of life. It has been presented arguments of medical, biological, sociological, historical ordinations and some others arguments to uncover the web of bonds involving the constitutional subject matter. The judges interacted with such argumentative space in order to make the final decision about the constitutionality of scientific research from the influence of the miscellaneous views that were presented about the subject. Thus, there was an interaction field between juridical and extrajuridical knowledge in the human rights treatment that, from the perspective of this study, contributed to the construction of the final text of the judgment. / As decisões judiciais acerca de direitos humanos demandam ambientes democráticos para se constituírem. O diálogo entre os diversos interessados se mostra imprescindível para a superar os limites da cognição jurídica de modo que decisão judicial será mais efetivada na medida em que dela participam os destinatários. Neste sentido, a Ação Direta de Inconstitucionalidade n. 3.510 de 2005 mostra interessante exemplo de operacionalização do campo de diálogo porquanto admitiu, em seu processo de decisão, a presença da sociedade civil por intermédio do instituto dos amicus curiae e audiências públicas. A transversalidade das pesquisas em células-tronco embrionárias despertou o interesse de diversas entidades que se voluntariaram a ampliar a cognição jurídica sobre o início da vida, tendo sido apresentados argumentos de ordem médica, biológica, sociológica, histórica, dentre outros, para desvelar a teia de vínculos que envolvia o tema constitucional. Os julgadores interagiram com tal espaço argumentativo a fim de compor a decisão final sobre a constitucionalidade das pesquisas científicas a partir da influência das variadas visões que se apresentaram sobre o tema. Assim, observou-se um campo de interação entre saberes jurídicos e extrajurídicos no trato dos direitos humanos que, sob a perspectiva deste trabalho, colaborou para a construção do texto final do julgamento.

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This thesis deals with the institute of private distrainor in terms of its position in the Czech legal order. It outlines the history of enforcement process and discusses the powers of the private distrainors in accordance with the relevant laws. The theoretical part describes the functioning of various mechanisms in the enforcement proceedings, with an emphasis on the most common types of acts. In the analytical part it focuses on the changes made in 2015 and further analyzes prepared or discussed changes in enforcement proceedings. Specific problems closely connected with the institute of private bailiff are described and at the same time there are suggested possible solutions to these problems.

No description available.

De senaste åren har placerade barns rättigheter kommit att diskuteras i det offentliga rummet och sedan barnkonventionen integrerats i svensk lagstiftning 2020 har flera förändringar tillkommit som ämnar att stärka barns rättsliga ställning och möjliggöra för en samhällsvård där placerade barns behov av stabilitet och kontinuitet prioriteras. Denna kvalitativa studie har studerat domslut om vårdnadsöverflytt enlig FB 6:8 där socialnämnden i tingsrätten väckt talan om huruvida den rättsliga vårdnaden om barnet bör flyttas över till familjehemsföräldrarna. Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur tingsrätter i sitt domslut kan beakta vad som är barnets bästa och i vilken utsträckning barnets egen röst kan framkomma. Studien använder sig av socialkonstruktivism som teoretiskt perspektiv, i kombination med för studien centrala begrepp.  Studien bygger på 41st tingsrättsdomar som genom tematisk analys identifierat två huvudteman och fem underteman. Det första huvudtemat - barnets bästa enligt domstolen visade att domstolens bedömning av vad som är barnets bästa beaktas genom studiens tre underteman - hem, tid och återförening. Resultatet visade att dessa teman kan motiveras med begrepp som sällan ges någon tydlig innebörd eller betydelse. Det andra huvudtemat - barnets vilja (röst) enligt domstolen med två underteman - det diskvalificerade barnet och barnet som kompetent, visade att barnen sällan har något reellt inflytande på beslut som berör dem och sällan inkluderas i bedömningen av vad som är barnens bästa. Vuxna inom myndighet och domstol kan bestämma vad som är barnets bästa utifrån vad de bedömer är barnets behov och intressen. Vad barnen själva tycker får vi veta mycket lite om i de 41 domsluten. En slutsats i studien visade att i de 41 domsluten om vårdnadsöverflytt tas hänsyn (nästan) alltid till barnets bästa, men definitionen av barnets bästa är komplext och innefattar många olika begrepp. Domstolen använder många gånger begrepp utan att ge dessa någon tydlig innebörd eller förklaring.En annan slutsats som dras är hur barnets egen röst och vilja inte framkommer i någon särskilt stor utsträckning i de 41 domskälen, samt att det sällan motiveras varför barnens röst inte tas i beaktande om den uteslutits från den sammanvägda bedömningen.

Denna rapport grundar sig i en genomgång av ett antal tunnelanläggningars ansökningar till Mark- och miljödomstolen vid Nacka Tingsrätt gällande bortledning av grundvatten, samt deras slutgiltiga domstolsbeslut i Stockholmsområdet. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka vilka faktorer i ansökan som domstolen lägger störst vikt vid inför domstolsbeslutet, samt hitta eventuella likheter eller skillnader mellan de fyra olika tunnelanläggningarna som beaktats. Vidare undersöks anledningarna bakom uppdelningen av en tunnel i olika delsträckor och hur dessa i sin tur påverkar de inläckagenivåer som ansökan yrkar på. Rapporten behandlar följande tunnelanläggningar: Nya Avloppstunneln, E4 Förbifart Stockholm, City Link etapp 2 samt Nya Tunnelbanan. Sammanfattningsvis blev resultatet av denna studie följande: de olika domstolsbesluten tar alla hänsyn till ungefär samma faktorer där yttranden från Länsstyrelsen och genomförandet av fältundersökningar anses betydande. Tunnelsträckornas indelning baseras på de olika geologiska förhållandena i området samt vart vattendelare och inströmningsområden är lokaliserade. Slutligen är det även tydligt att domstolen tar hänsyn till tidigare projekts domstolsbeslut, både gällande de inläckagevillkor som beviljas samt den tekniska lösningens utformning. / The following report analyses a number of tunnel-constructions applications to the Land and Environmental Court (Mark- och miljödomstolen), at Nacka district court in Stockholm regarding groundwater drainage. The study also covers the court decisions for each of the tunnel-constructions. The purpose of this study is to find common denominators in the court decisions in order to draw conclusions about which denominators are of more importance than others, when the court makes its final decision. Furthermore, the study also aims to find clarity in the decision-making behind the division of the tunnel into sections and how those impact the levels of groundwater-leakage requested in the application. The following tunnel- constructions have been analysed: Nya Avloppstunneln, E4 Förbifart Stockholm, City Link etapp 2 as well as Nya Tunnelbanan. The result showed that the different court decisions all regard some factors more important than others, where the claimant from the supervisory authority Country Administrative Board (Länsstyrelsen) and the implementation of field studies are deemed two of the most important factors. The division of the tunnels is based on the geological prerequisites and the location of the watersheds and inflow areas. Lastly, it is also clear that the court takes previous projects court decisions into account regarding the leakage-levels as well as the technical solution.

Globally, the justice system has set up courts to respond to complaints of a criminal and civil nature. Courts also respond to complaints which require swift relief by way of shortened procedures, in the form of motion proceedings. In all these complaints, courts have to respond in a manner that leaves litigants with a feeling of satisfaction that justice has been done. To the end of ensuring that there is legal certainty, justice systems in all jurisdictions have established a hierarchy of courts, with lower courts being bound by the decisions of higher courts in their jurisdiction. There has been no problem in the application of this principle called stare decisis, or judicial precedent, in disputes of law. However, in disputes of constitutional interpretation, courts have demonstrated a marked shift from observing the rule of judicial precedent. The disregard for this rule manifests itself particularly in the adjudication of cases surrounded by controversy. It is argued herein that constitutional interpretation is no different from legal interpretation, in that the rule of judicial precedent which characterises court decisions in legal disputes, should characterise court decisions in constitutional interpretation disputes. The Constitutional Court of South Africa itself, though it is the highest arbiter in constitutional matters, is bound by its own previous decisions, unless its previous decisions have become manifestly wrong. Three constitutional rights are analysed. The right to life in its three manifestations, namely, the right to life of the unborn child, the right to life of the convicted criminal not to be hanged, and the right of the terminally ill to continue living by receiving medical care at state expense. The other two rights are the right to privacy, and the right to culture. The right to privacy is the right that has been claimed in political controversies. In isolated instances, specifically mentioned herein, the Constitutional Assembly and the drafters of the Constitution have also contributed to the resultant inconsistency in constitutional interpretation. This is especially so with regard to the right to practise one‘s culture. / Constitutional, International & Indigenous Law / LL.D.

This thesis deals with the inheritance procedure with a focus on the settlement of the common property of the spouses. The first chapter of the thesis is an introduction. The second chapter is called The inheritance procedure and deals in general with the course of the inheritance procedure. This chapter introduces the legislation that forms the basis for the inheritance procedure and the settlement of common property of the spouses. The work briefly describes the purpose of the inheritance procedure. An attention is also paid to jurisdiction, participation and tutelage. In the subchapter proceeding of inheritance, the thesis deals with ways to clarify the estate of the testator and to determine the inheritance rights. It is also about drafting a preliminary investigation report and ceasing the proceedings. At the end of the second chapter there is included a part dealing with cases of additional inheritance procedure proceedings. The core of this thesis is the third chapter entitled Selected issues of settlement of common property of spouses in proceedings of inheritance. The first subchapter summarizes the process of finding a marital property regime. The thesis also deals with the detailed analysis of the provisions of § 162 and § 163 of Act No. 262/2013 Coll., On special judicial proceedings....

Esta tese de doutorado estuda os requisitórios: precatórios e requisições de pequeno valor, sob o prisma do Direito Financeiro. Com esse objetivo se estuda o desenvolvimento dos requisitórios e suas regras atuais, tanto em termos de determinações constitucionais, quanto nas questões orçamentárias, da dívida pública e do controle das finanças públicas, questionando também a forma como se dá a execução contra a Fazenda Pública por quantia certa em outros países do mundo. / This doctoral thesis studies, through the prism of Financial Law, the payments of money owed by the Federal Treasury, by State Treasury, by Federal District Treasury, or by Municipal Treasury, by virtue of a court decision (writ of execution against Public Treasury or writ of execution of a small amount of money against Public Treasury). For this purpose we study the development of payments of court decisions and its current rules, both in terms of constitutional provisions, budget issues, public debt and internal and external audit of public money used to pay court decisions, also questioning how this payment is done by Public Treasury in other countries.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:27:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Livia Cipriano Dal Piaz.pdf: 1104260 bytes, checksum: b49efc505e5a5ad811a6e926327763fc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-06-04 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / The subject Motion for annulment of judgment in class action has been chosen because, notwithstanding its importance, there is a lack of respective approach in specific monograph. The scope is to establish a parallel between the known discussions that surround the motion for annulment of judgment in the ordinary civil procedure and those that belongs exclusively to class action, aiming at better structuring the suitability of such lawsuit in claims related to the defense of transindividual rights. Accordingly, this study consists of three parts. Firstly, the study tries to put into context the origin of the need to protect mass conflicts, clarify the concept of collective rights, as well as its principles and applicable legal rulings. The second part is dedicated to court decision and res judicata, considering that we understand it to be the essential introduction to the study of motion for annulment of judgment. In this perspective, it is convenient to organize the chapter as of the general analysis of legal opinion, highlighting court decisions based on the traditional procedural doctrine, and pointing out the relevant circumstances found in class action disputes. In relation to res judicata, however, due to the richness of the work involving class action, we understand to be more adequate to bring only general considerations towards its formation in individual disputes, so we may cover in a more specific way the different aspects of res judicata of class action judgments. Finally, the last chapter attempts to point out the main issues related to the motion for annulment of judgment, analyzing in each aspect if the applicability of the traditional rules in class action should be taken into consideration to find out not only the similarities, but mainly, the aspects in which the motion for annulment of judgment filed collectively is and should be different / O tema Ação rescisória no processo coletivo foi escolhido porque, não obstante sua relevância, há carência de abordagem em monografia específica. Portanto, o objetivo deste trabalho é estabelecer um paralelo entre as já conhecidas discussões que circundam a ação rescisória do processo civil comum e aquelas que são típicas dos processos coletivos, visando melhor estruturar o cabimento da referida ação nas demandas para defesa de direitos transindividuais. Desta maneira, este estudo é composto em três partes. Num primeiro momento procurou-se contextualizar a origem da necessidade de se tutelar os conflitos de massa, esclarecer o conceito de direito coletivo, assim como seus princípios e o regime jurídico aplicável. A segunda parte é dedicada à sentença e à coisa julgada, tendo em vista entendermos que se constitui introdução necessária ao estudo da ação rescisória. Nessa perspectiva, consideramos conveniente organizar o capítulo a partir da análise geral dos pronunciamentos judiciais, com destaque especial para as sentenças, tomando como base a doutrina processual tradicional e apontando as particularidades relevantes encontradas nas lides coletivas. No que se refere à coisa julgada, contudo, pela riqueza das obras de processo coletivo, pareceu-nos mais adequado tecer apenas considerações gerais sobre sua formação nas lides individuais, para então nos determos de forma mais profunda nas várias especificidades da coisa julgada coletiva. Finalmente, o último capítulo busca destacar as questões fundamentais sobre a ação rescisória, analisando em cada ponto se se deve concluir pela aplicabilidade das regras tradicionais ao processo coletivo, de modo a descobrir não só as semelhanças, mas, principalmente, em quais aspectos a ação rescisória coletiva é e deve ser díspar