A dança é um elemento cultural. Nas pesquisas que se ocupam do universo literário de João Guimarães Rosa, a dança é ainda um elemento insuficientemente pesquisado, embora o baile vinque fortemente os textos, permeando a narrativa lírica com o fenômeno dança. Entre os escritores brasileiros, dois interessam particularmente aos estudos do baile que compõem esta tese: João Guimarães Rosa e Mário de Andrade. O primeiro evidenciou claramente a intenção de apropriar-se do discurso da dança nominando um de seus livros de Corpo de Baile. O segundo, além de produzir uma série diversa de poemas dedicados ao baile, escolheu como fulcro de um dos títulos mais importantes do modernismo Macunaíma os fenômenos culturais da dança. Tanto Mário de Andrade quanto Guimarães Rosa são pródigos na construção de textos labirínticos em que se valem do próprio e do alheio, estabelecendo um diálogo de apropriação que articula a subjetividade lírica a partir de elementos extraídos da cultura popular e do cânone literário. A literatura rosiana constrói um diálogo que, por um lado, embaralha internamente a obra e, por outro, mistura nas cartas embaralhadas entretrechos de obras alheias. A leitura do entretrecho levou o presente estudo de Guimarães Rosa a Mário de Andrade. No universo desses dois escritores labirínticos, a dança e seus fenômenos são o fio de Ariadne estendido do início ao fim desta tese, que objetiva examinar, no diálogo entre linguagens diferentes a da literatura e a da dança a contribuição que a compreensão dos fenômenos da dança pode proporcionar aos estudos literários, já que a dança participa vivamente da construção da palavra literária nas obras examinadas. Esta tese se compõe de três partes. Na primeira, explora a presença da dança nos Primeiros Guimarães, buscando no labirinto dos textos o caminho do baile rosiano, que se inicia em Sagarana, atravessa o Grande Sertão: Veredas e se declara em Corpo de Baile. Na segunda parte, examina a origem e o lugar social do baile. Na terceira, rastreia a dança no cânone literário, pesquisando a função da dança nas obras de João Guimarães Rosa e, em função do diálogo estabelecido nos entretrechos, examinando particularmente a obra de Mário de Andrade e as relações entre o Mutum de Campo Geral, Corpo de Baile, e o Mutum de Macunaíma. / Dance is a cultural element. In the studies devoted to the literary universe of João Guimarães Rosa, o baile (dance) has still been insufficiently researched although it intensively marks the permeated texts, permeating the lyric narration with the dance phenomenon. Among the Brazilian writers, two, in special, raise most interest regarding dance studies and were selected to compose this present thesis: João Guimarães Rosa and Mário de Andrade. The former clearly evidenced his intention to appropriate the dance discourse, one of his books was named Corpo de Baile (Corps de Ballet). The latter, besides a series of poems dedicated to baile, produced one of the most important titles of Modernism, Macunaíma Both Mário de Andrade and Guimarães Rosa are profuse in creating labyrinthine texts which operate the literary labor by utilizing his own and the others, and establishing a dialogue of appropriation which articulate lyrical subjectivity from elements extracted from popular culture, common to both, with the literary canon. The literature of Rosa constructs a dialogue which, on the one hand, internally shuffles the work, on the other hand, the shuffled cards mix excerpts from others works. The reading of these inserted excerpts led to the present study of Guimarães Rosa and Mário de Andrade. In the universe of these two labyrinthine writers, the dance and its related aspects constitute the Ariadnes Thread, outstretched from the beginning to the end of this study whose aim is to understand via the dialogue between two different languages literature and dance what contribution the comprehension of the dance phenomena brings to the literary study, since, dance, undeniably, participates in the construction of the literary word. This thesis is composed of three sections. In the first, it investigates the presence of dance in Primeiros Guimarães, searching in the labyrinth of texts the route to the Rosas baile initiated in Sagarana, followed by Grande Sertão: Veredas and, finally, declared in Corpo de Baile. In the second section, the origin and the social place are focused. The third part tracks the dance in the literary canon, studying its role in the literary discourse of João Guimarães Rosa and, due to the dialogue among the excerpts, it particularly underlines Mário de Andrade and the relationships among Mutum of Campo Geral, Corpo de Baile, and Mutum of Macunaíma.

Considerando que tanto a música quanto a escola contribuem para a constituição de nossas identidades, este trabalho teve como objetivo investigar os discursos de licenciandos/as em música acerca da diversidade de gênero e sexualidade, em suas relações com a música. Os objetivos específicos propostos foram: identificar/visibilizar quais significados sobre gênero e sexualidade estão sendo compartilhados, naturalizados e legitimados; identificar/visibilizar como esses significados circulam; e identificar/visibilizar por quem esses significados são compartilhados. Adotando uma abordagem qualitativa, utilizei como ferramenta para a produção do material empírico a entrevista semiestruturada com licenciandos/as em música de quatro instituições de ensino superior de Curitiba-PR. Para a realização da análise do material empírico produzido na relação com o/as participantes, foram utilizadas algumas estratégias da teoria fundamentada nos dados. No que se refere à perspectiva analítica, recorri às formulações dos estudos feministas e da teoria queer. A investigação realizada permitiu dizer que os sentidos partilhados pelo/as licenciando/as trouxeram divergentes formas de significação da diversidade de gênero e sexualidade, as quais posicionam os sujeitos em distintos lugares. Reconhecer essas divergentes formas de significação é assumir que nas redes de representação a “realidade” terá muitas versões e que os processos de conhecer são construídos social e culturalmente. Os saberes que compõem os sistemas de significação do/as licenciado/as sobre a diversidade de gênero e sexualidade não foram reconhecidos como tendo sido constituídos em seus cursos de licenciatura em música. O silêncio sobre a articulação música/gênero/sexualidade nos espaços acadêmicos atravessou a percepção do/as licenciando/as em música. Esse silêncio configura um discurso que invisibiliza outros modos de ser para além da matriz hétero-cis-normativa. / Considering that both music and school contribute to the constitution of our identities, the aim of this thesis was to investigate the discourses of bachelor in music education students about gender and sexuality diversity, and its relations with music. More specifically, it aimed: to identify/make visible meanings of gender and sexuality that are being shared, naturalised, and legitimated; to identify/make visible how those meanings circulate; and to identify/make visible by whom these meanings are shared. Adopting a qualitative approach, the empirical material was produced through semi-structured interviews with four music education students from four higher education institutions from Curitiba-PR, Brazil. The empirical material was analysed using some of the strategies of grounded theory and further interpreted based on ideas from the field of feminist studies and the queer theory. The meanings shared by the music education students revealed divergent ways of making sense of gender and sexuality diversity, ways that locate people in distinct places. To recognize these divergent ways of sense making is to assume that, in the representation networks, “reality” will have multiple versions and the processes of knowing are socially and culturally constructed. The knowledge that constitutes the students’ systems of meaning about gender and sexuality diversity was not recognized as being constructed through their undergraduate courses. The silence about the interaction between music, gender and sexuality in the higher education settings goes through the students’ perception. This silence configures a discourse that makes invisible other ways of being beyond the hetero-cis-normative matrix.

Cette recherche questionne la configuration spécifique des chaînes internationales de télévision, à travers deux cas précis, ceux de TV5 Monde et France 24. La focalisation sur ces deux acteurs médiatiques nous permet d’interroger de manière concrète et empirique la circulation transnationale des contenus télévisuels. En outre, nous avons choisi de questionner la production des contenus au sein de ces chaînes en nous concentrant sur un thème qui se trouve au cœur des réflexions sur la « globalisation » et les postcolonial studies, les migrations subsahariennes. Afin de questionner les spécificités des chaînes de télévision internationales et la manière dont celles-ci se traduisent au sein des Rédactions, nous articulons l’analyse de trois types de discours : 1) Nous étudions d’une part les discours institutionnels présidant à la gouvernance des chaînes à travers les nombreux rapports politiques, ainsi que les documents communicationnels diffusés par les deux chaînes. 2) Dans l’objectif d’interroger de manière concrète la production de contenus, nous analysons également les programmations de TV5 Monde et France 24 en nous focalisant sur les émissions diffusées entre 2006 et 2010 et qui portent sur les migrations subsahariennes. 3) Les entretiens compréhensifs que nous avons menés avec les journalistes permettent alors de saisir les différentes médiations qui interviennent au sein des deux chaînes (médiations techniques, individuelles, hiérarchiques, politiques, économiques…) et qui conditionnent cette configuration de la circulation des discours télévisuels. / This research analyses the specific configuration of international television channels from two case studies, TV5 Monde and France 24. Focusing on these two media actors allows us to empirically interrogate the transnational circulation of television contents. Furthermore, we have chosen to analyse the content production of these two television channels through the theme of the Sub-Saharan migrations, which finds itself at the heart of globalisation studies and postcolonial studies. In order to examine the specificities of the international television channels and the way they manifest themselves in the newsrooms, we articulate the analysis of three types of discourses: 1) On the one hand, we study the institutional discourses presiding over the governance of the television channels by analysing numerous political reports as well as communication documents distributed by the two television channels. 2) In order to observe the content production in a concrete way, we analyse, on the other hand, the programs of the two channels, TV5 Monde and France 24, focusing more precisely on the shows on the Sub-Saharan migrations broadcast between 2006 and 2010. 3) Finally, the comprehensive interviews that we have conducted with journalists are helpful to understand the different mediations that occur in the two television channels (technological, individual, hierarchical, political, economic mediations...) and how they influence the configuration of the circulation of television discourses.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:47:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Wilson do Amaral Filho.pdf: 1253847 bytes, checksum: 847aed048db5ca82ac8a0b81fbdd0221 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-04-12 / The objective of this thesis is to search the interdiscursivity between the Sermon of the Mount, from the Gospel of Matthew, and the Four Pillars of the Education from the Report of the International Commission on Education for the Twenty-First Century presented to UNESCO. It is possible to identify immediately the ethical-religious nature of the Biblical text of the first century and the political-educational character of the report based on the contemporary education s worldview. At a first moment, the research sets the examination of the theoretical principles of the genders of discourse, the conditions of production, the ethos, and the interdiscursivity. After that, both discourses are examined under those principles so that, at last, it is possible to verify and confirm the interdiscursivity between these discourses about the question of learning to be. / Esta tese tem como objetivo principal pesquisar a interdiscursividade entre o Sermão do Monte, do Evangelho de Mateus, e os Quatro Pilares da Educação do Relatório da Comissão Internacional sobre a Educação para o Século XXI apresentado à UNESCO. De imediato se identifica o caráter ético-religioso do texto bíblico do primeiro século, enquanto que o texto do relatório revela-se político-educacional, alicerçado na cosmovisão de educação contemporânea. A pesquisa se detém num primeiro momento no exame do referencial teórico dos gêneros discursivos, das condições de produção, do ethos e da interdiscursividade, aplicados, em seguida, a cada um dos textos citados para, ao final, buscar-se e confirmar a concorrência da interdiscursividade entre esses discursos, quanto ao aprender a ser.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:47:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Roberto Clemente dos Santos.pdf: 974486 bytes, checksum: dd4be696b7276efbe853939b32a70c88 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-15 / Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie / This thesis joins the guideline of the search "Proceedings senses of speech and text constitution" of the Literature post-graduation program from Mackenzie University and arises as a result of concern with the possibility of an interrelationship between rhetoric and discursive strategies that are concerned with the accession of the auditorium and discourse as responsible for the construction of meaning through linguistic expressions. From an analytical theoretical procedure, observing the ability of rhetoric and speech in acting simultaneously in the interdiscursive field, the texts are analyzed through the relationship between the production of meaning and persuasion that materialize in the interaction between subjects. It has as General Purpose to analyze not only the union between rhetoric and discourse concerned with the production of meaning, evidencing the formation and apposition of the subjects in this construction, but also how it occurs, which risks the Specific Objectives , which are: 1) analyze the argumentative resources that underlie the structure of reality (eg, model and anti-model) because it is believed that as rhetorical elements, can be used for deconstruction and reconstruction of public opinion in view of a production of unstable meaning and 2) analyze the linguistic procedures in the construction and confirmation of a rhetorical image as possible discursive strategies that organize the line of reasoning of the speaker as deixis I-you-here-now. To this end, we selected as the corpus to be analyzed, the discourses of President Getúlio Vargas Dornelles, which were selected according to the historical context in relation to decisive positions in his political career: first discourse exposes the platform of the Liberal Alliance in the campaign for the elections of March 1, 1930, the second showing the enunciator subject, explains the reasons for the Coup and the New Constitution, the third discourse that defines the enunciator subject as the candidate of the people, not the parties and the last one which revels the reasons for the death of a statesman. In these discourses, the categories mentioned below will be applied: the rhetorical field analyzes the arguments supporting the structure of the reality and in the discursive aspect the deixis of person, space and place. Our results show the manner how the example, the model and anti-model, in the rhetoric perspective and the deictic of person, space and place are intertwined in order to build the interpretive scenario and consequently the development of persuasion in the texts of enunciating subject (Getulio Vargas). / A presente tese filia-se à linha de pesquisa Procedimentos de constituição dos sentidos do discurso e do texto do programa de pós-graduação em Letras da Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie. Surge como fruto dos questionamentos referentes à possibilidade da existência de uma inter-relação entre a retórica e as estratégias discursivas que se preocupam com a adesão do auditório e com o discurso como responsável pela construção do sentido por meio da manifestação linguística. A partir de um procedimento teórico analítico, observando-se a capacidade da retórica e do discurso de agirem simultaneamente no campo interdiscursivo, analisam-se os textos por meio da relação entre a produção de sentido e a persuasão que se concretizam na interação entre os sujeitos. Tem-se como Objetivo Geral analisar não somente a união entre a retórica e o discurso que se preocupam com a produção de sentido, evidenciando a constituição e a posição dos sujeitos nessa construção, mas também o como ela ocorre, o que coloca em cena os Objetivos Específicos, quais sejam: 1) analisar os recursos argumentativos que fundamentam a estrutura do real (exemplo, modelo e antimodelo) por acreditar-se que como elementos retóricos, podem ser utilizados para desconstrução e reconstrução da opinião pública diante de uma produção de sentido instável e 2) analisar os procedimentos linguísticos na construção e na confirmação de uma imagem retórica como possíveis estratégias discursivas que organizam a linha de raciocínio do orador como a dêixis eu-tu-aqui-agora. Para tanto, selecionaram-se como corpora, os discursos do presidente Getúlio Dornelles Vargas, os quais foram selecionados de acordo com o contexto histórico no que tange aos posicionamentos decisivos de sua carreira política: o primeiro discurso expõe a plataforma da Aliança Liberal na campanha para as eleições de 1º de março de 1930; o segundo que apresenta o sujeito enunciador, explica as razões do golpe de Estado e da Nova Constituição; o terceiro, que define o sujeito enunciador como o candidato do povo, e não dos partidos; e o último que revela os possíveis motivos da morte do estadista. Nesses discursos, serão aplicadas as categorias mencionadas a seguir: no campo retórico, analisam-se os argumentos que fundamentam a estrutura do real e no aspecto discursivo as dêixis de pessoa, espaço e lugar. Nossos resultados apontam para a maneira como o exemplo, o modelo e o antimodelo, na perspectiva retórica, e os dêiticos de pessoa, espaço e lugar na perspectiva discursiva, estão imbricados de modo a construir o cenário interpretativo e, consequentemente, o desenvolvimento da persuasão nos textos do sujeito enunciador (Getúlio Vargas).

A voz do trabalhador ocupa, ainda, um lugar secundário na interlocução capital x trabalho. Sua manifestação lingüística em instâncias de caráter oficial/institucional ocorre apenas nos momentos de maior tensão entre os interlocutores, em especial durante os processos trabalhistas, visando à validação/obtenção de um direito. Tal representatividade não se dá de forma direta, mas através da voz do advogado trabalhista, aqui chamado de locutor-advogado, porta-voz legitimado socialmente, que busca dirigir a argumentação no contrafluxo da voz predominante no universo do trabalho - a voz do capital. Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo mostrar como a voz do trabalhador é representada no discurso jurídico trabalhista e quais os significados dessa representatividade no mundo do trabalho. O escopo teórico utilizado é fruto do diálogo interdisciplinar entre as teorias do texto e do discurso (em particular a semântica global e seu conceito de interdiscurso, e a semântica argumentativa, com seus conceitos de polifonia e direção argumentativa) e as disciplinas direito trabalhista e sociologia do trabalho. A análise lingüístico-discursiva dar-se-á a partir de corpus composto por textos (orais e escritos) próprios a esse discurso e extraídos de um processo trabalhista típico. Os textos orais (não oficiais) produzidos no processo se constituem a origem discursiva dos textos escritos (oficiais e legais). Na transposição do oral para o escrito, a voz do trabalhador ganha estatuto diverso, porque passa a ser dirigida pela voz do locutor-advogado. Nesta pesquisa, verificar-se-á como nos textos escritos emergem, apagam-se ou permanecem de forma residual índices da voz do trabalhador. A pesquisa pretenderá ainda mostrar como é possível ao pesquisador lingüista encontrar pistas lingüísticas de heterogeneidade em discursos pretensamente homogêneos, como é o discurso jurídico trabalhista, contribuindo com subsídios de sua especialidade para a construção de um quadro do que é, ou está se tornando, o mundo do trabalho nas sociedades ocidentais modernas, nas quais o Brasil se espelha. / The worker´s voice still plays a secondary role in the interaction capital x labor. Its linguistic manifestation, of an official/institutional nature, occurs only in moments of maximum tension between interlocutors, particularly in judicial proceedings, in the area of labor relations, targeted at the authorization or obtention of a legal right. The worker´s voice is not directly represented in such processes, but rather through a specialized lawyer´s voice, herein named the locutor-lawyer, a socially sanctioned speaker, who addresses his or her arguments to a hegemonic voice in the discursive world of labor, namely the voice of capital. This research explores the representation of the worker´s voice in judicial proceedings discourse in the area of labor relations and deals with the question of the meanings attached to this kind of representation within the world of labor relations. The theoretical framework for this research is found in the interdisciplinary dialogue between theories of text and discourse (particularly global semantics with its concept of interdiscourse, and argumentative semantics with its concepts of polyphony and argumentative direction), as well as in the disciplines Law, in the area of Labor Relations, and the Sociology of Labor. The linguistic-discursive analysis focusses on a corpus of oral and written texts within the domain of Legal Discourse in the area of Labor Relations and is taken from a typical judicial proceeding in this area. The (non-official) oral texts produced in the course of the judicial proceedings constitute the discursive source for the written texts (in this case, both official and legal documents). In the transposition from the oral to the written proceedings, the worker´s voice acquires a different status, as it is now under the locutor-lawyer´s supervision. This research explores the ways in which the worker´s voice emerges, is deleted or leaves traces in the written texts that constitute the judicial proceedings. Another aim of the research is to demonstrate how the linguist–researcher may find linguistic clues of heterogeneity in discourses (as the legal discourse in the area of labor relations) which are, at first sight, homogeneous. Thus, the linguist–researcher, drawing on linguistic-discursive tools, may contribute to an understading of how representations of labor relations in contemporary Western societies, including Brazil, are being shaped.

Cette thèse propose d’identifier une catégorie particulière de politiques linguistiques, les politiques linguistiques d’immigration. Nous portons un regard croisé sur quatre contextes francophones. Cette recherche comparative permet de décentrer les débats autour de la langue et de l’immigration du seul cadre national. Nous proposons de situer les dimensions linguistiques, culturelles et éducatives liées à l’intégration des populations migrantes dans une perspective européenne et internationale. L’étude poursuit un double objectif : effectuer une typologie et une évaluation de ces politiques. Il est question de décrire et d’analyser les choix et les actions étatiques menés pour la connaissance et l’apprentissage de la langue par les adultes migrants. Notre recherche identifie le tournant à partir duquel la « maîtrise » de la langue est devenue un enjeu politique et un volet indissociable des politiques d’immigration. D’un côté, la thèse met en relief les idéologies linguistiques qui structurent les imaginaires collectifs nationaux, et leur influence sur les argumentaires et les aménagements des politiques. De l’autre côté, elle met en valeur la circulation des présupposés idéologiques et des pratiques étatiques liés à la langue et à l’immigration. Enfin, la recherche considère l’impact des différents aménagements étudiés sur la production des savoirs scientifiques et sur la formation en didactique des langues. / This thesis proposes to identify the particular category of linguistic policies which deals with immigration. The chosen approach is to perform a cross analysis on four French-speaking contexts. This comparative research allows us to shift the focus on language and immigration away from the national level. We offer to place the linguistic, cultural and educational dimensions linked with the integration of migrants in a European and international perspective. This study has two objectives: perform a typology and an evaluation of these policies. We aim at describing and analysing the choices and actions led by the state to develop knowledge and learning for adult migrants. Our research identifies the turning point from which proficiency of language became a political issue, deeply intertwined with immigration policies. On one side, the thesis emphasizes the linguistic ideologies that shape the collective imaginations, and their influence on political arguments and language planning. On the other side, it highlights the flow of assumed ideologies and state practices related to language and immigration. Finally, the research takes into account the impact of language planning on knowledge production and training in language didactics.

My dissertation explores postcolonial implications of performances in Brian Friel's plays. While showing Friel's theatre is performative with its alienation effect and artistic activities of music, songs, dances, and recitations, I demonstrate that Irish self, culture, and history in Friel's plays are performative as well, because they are shown to be socially constructed rather than inherently possessed, constantly contested rather than comfortably settled, in dynamic process of remaking rather than fixed as finished products. Examining performances in Friel's theatre, characters' daily lives, historical narratives, and cultural ceremonies, I argue that those performances also shed light on the (post)colonial situation in Ireland¡ªa split island with mongrel arts, interstitial characters, disparate histories, and mythologized or relegated cultures. Showing that Irish self, history, and culture are not homogenous, linear, or monolithic entities but hybrid, contested constructs, Friel's plays subvert the binaries embedded in British colonialism, Irish nationalism, and developmental historicism. However, as Friel's characters fail to negotiate the symbiotic yet opposing forces such as the north and the south, English and Irish, official history and personal story, national myth and folk culture, tradition and modernity, my dissertation concludes that in Friel's plays to be Irish is to suffer a hybrid yet split and liminal existence, to be framed by official discourses and cultural myths, and to contend for alternative expressions of history and culture. Friel's concern with performance thus culminates in his performative conception of Irish identity¡ªas a heterogeneous composite with ongoing contestation between different selves, historical narratives, and cultural practices, it cannot but remain open to different expressions and constant (re)definitions.

Angesichts zunehmender globaler Städtekonkurrenzen haben politische Wiedererfindungen des Städtischen Konjunktur – mit immer kürzeren Zyklen und wechselnden Dynamiken der Inszenierung der jeweiligen Programmatiken. Berlin als junge Metropole liefert für die Implementation exogener Konzepte vielfältige Ansatzpunkte, zeigt jedoch auch umgehend ihre Grenzen auf. Die Beiträge dieses Bandes setzen sich mit Imaginationen, Diskursbeiträgen und Positionierungen auseinander, die den „großen“ politischen Konzepten jeweils „von unten“ entgegenwachsen und teilweise in Gegenbewegungen münden. Anschauungsmaterial liefern die Europäische Metropolregion Berlin-Brandenburg und das Projekt Mediaspree.

This is a study of assessment in mathematics classrooms and assessment is here regarded as a concept with broad boundaries including e.g. diagnostic tests, portfolios, and acts in teacher-student communication. The study’s purpose is to analyse and understand assessment acts in discursive practices in mathematics classroom communication in terms of affordances for students’ active agency and learning. Five mathematics classrooms are visited and the main data consists of video-recordings and written classroom material. In the study, I examine assessment acts, focuses of assessment acts, and roles of semiotic resources (symbols, gestures, speech etc.). With these findings as a basis, four discourses of assessment in mathematics classrooms are construed. A main conclusion is how the construed discourses hold different affordances for students’ active agency and learning. One discourse, “Do it quick and do it right” has similarities to a traditional discourse of assessment described in previous research. In a second discourse, “Anything goes”, students’ performances that can be regarded as mathematically inappropriate are left unchallenged. In both these discourses the affordances for students’ active agency and learning of mathematics are considered low. In a third discourse, “Anything can be up for a discussion”, the focuses of assessment acts are mainly on mathematics processes and available semiotic resources are connected to these focuses. The fourth discourse, “Reasoning takes time”, takes it one step further with a lower pace and an emphasis on mathematics processes such as reasoning and problem-solving. In these two latter discourses the affordances for students’ active agency and learning of mathematics are high. I contend that there is positive power in an increased awareness of discourses like these. The four discourses of this study can be powerful in discussions about, understandings of, and positive changes in assessment practices in mathematics classrooms.