Studien undersöker förskollärarens synsätt samt strategier gällande blyga barns delaktighet och språkutveckling i verksamheten. I studien beskrivs fenomenet blyga barn genom tidigare forskning samt genom det sociokulturella perspektivet och anknytningsteorin. Intervjuer har genomförts med förskollärare där innehållet kretsat kring individernas synsätt på blyga barn samt de anpassningar de gör för att möta blyga barns behov av stöttning.  Förskollärares syn på delaktighet och språkutveckling undersöks i relation till blyga barn genom semistrukturerade intervjuer analyserade utifrån en analysmodell som utgått från metodansatsen fenomenografi. Intervjuernas resultat redovisas genom analysmodellens sista steg och visar sambanden mellan förskollärares synsätt samt de syften som deras strategier strävar mot att uppnå. Resultatet visar att förskollärares syften gällande stöttning av blyga barn skiljer sig, men att strategierna är desamma. Resultatet visar att förskollärare som strävar efter att uppnå en trygghet hos blyga barn skiljer sig mot förskollärare som utgår från viljan att uppnå ett ökat självförtroende. I studien framkommer förskollärarnas liknande strategier där uppdelning av barngruppen är framträdande, men att bakomliggande syften till varför de gör uppdelningen skiljer sig. / The study examines preschool teachers views and strategies regarding shy children´s participation and language development. The study describes the phenomenon of shy children through previous research and the socio-cultural perspective and the attachment theory. Interviews have been conducted with preschool teachers, where the content has revolved around the individuals' views on shy children and the adaptions they make to meet the needs of shy children. Preschool teachers' views on participation and language development are examined in relation to shy children through semistructured interviews that have been analyzed by an analysis model based on phenomenography. The results of the interviews are showed through the last step of the analysis model and shows the connections between preschool teachers' views and the purposes that their strategies strive to achieve. The results show that preschool teachers' purposes of supporting shy children differ, but the strategies are the same. The results show that preschool teachers whose goals are to achieve an increase at the feeling of safety among shy children differ from preschool teachers who are based on achiving increased selfconfidence. The study reveals the preschool teachers' similar strategies where they divide the group of children, but the purposes of why they make the decision to split the group of children is different from each other.

The purpose of this study was to ascertain the existence of student leadership development programs and to explore the similarities and differences in the way students in higher education are recruited and retained into the culture and attitudes of leadership, and how they are afforded meaningful leadership opportunities to practice the skills they have learned, in two separate higher educational institutions. These two institutions were East Tennessee State University, Johnson City campus, Tennessee, and the University of the West Indies, Mona campus, Jamaica, West Indies. I was also concerned with the existing perceptions of leadership and leadership training delivery and how this impacted the attitudes that students experienced in accessing leadership development provisions. The methods and procedures used in gathering data for this study were qualitative and included such ethnographic techniques as interviewing, surveying and a brief content analysis utilizing the communicative documents of both institutions. The population consisted of students, staff and faculty of both universities. The findings demonstrated that student leadership development programs did exist at both institutions, but that the philosophies upon which leadership development was based were culturally different. Also, although the methods of recruitment, retention and leadership practice bore aspects of similarities, in many cases the leadership styles, which facilitated these, were quite different. Of particular importance is the fact, that, in comparison with ETSU, which has a rich national heritage of American leadership development research, the University of the West Indies does not have such a nationally research-rich educational leadership background. This bears great implications for the future of leadership development and the necessity for in-depth research.

木工技藝在台灣面臨產業中斷，木工技藝人才凋零等等人力資源現況；此類以手工工藝技術為本，結合文化創意而發展出的新興產業，是目前台灣產業發展復興的動力之一，老技術新產業的發展關鍵在於專業人才的供給，希望透過此個案研究，能夠一窺由業界主導的專業人力培養的樣貌。另外，木工技藝傳承歷史上有其拜師學藝的傳統，這樣的傳統與現代的業界主導的培育是否有其異同可比較之處？鑑古知今，透過拆解專業木工技藝人才培訓的過去與現在，結合人力資源管理上的相關理論，發展符合現代並能成就未來的人才，以及擘畫出產業發展的可能形式。 本研究預計可以獲得以下成果： 一、了解新時代木工專業養成的樣貌以及人力資源實務。 二、為個案公司人力資源發展提出管理上的建議。 本研究首先透過文獻探討，整理人力相關理論，以人力資源管理活動為基礎，並且對於傳統木工技藝傳承其師徒制的部分也進行文獻資料的蒐集。再對個案公司，進行質性的研究和實地訪問，就專業人員養成及留用做深入訪談。本研究經由整理、歸納和分析，最後提出建議與方案，以期作為未來業界人力資源計畫的發展方向。 / The art of the carpenter is now a growth driver for creative handmade industry to develop. The scarcity of human resource supply in carpenter field is an obstacle for industrial development. Some companies have tried to build up human resource on their own. This thesis, a case study on a carpenter workshop, which has tried to start a one-year training program to develop professional carpenters, represents the whole picture of the training and development process of nowadays carpenters. Comparison of different training and development process by each way the carpenters developed, such as traditional master-apprentice model, vocational school courses and T&D program in this case study, also conducted. In the end of this thesis, managerial advices to the human resource development in carpenter field are given.

In this thesis I advocate and evidence ESD through understanding and analysing the ecology of change in educational organisations, in particular Tertiary Education (TE), during the Decade of Education for Sustainable Development (UNDESD, 2005-2014). I draw on my portfolio of research that examined various aspects of the efforts to mainstream ESD during this decade. My publications, which are referred to in this thesis, are based on experience of my own practice as lecturer, educational development manager and advocate of ESD at local, national and global level. My research approach is broadly based on action research principles. I argue that, to fully understand this complex change process, it is necessary to appreciate the role of the underpinning, and often conflicting, values in TE and how they influence the adoption of ESD. I further discuss the influence of both ‘top-down’ approaches, that are expressed in policies and frameworks, and ‘bottom-up’ approaches that are instigated by communities and individuals with special interests. The influence of the learning environment itself is also examined. Lastly, I make the case that the employment of appropriate action research methodologies can help with gaining a better understanding of this process as well as play a part in the process itself.

在住宅市場中，「空屋率」一直是備受注目的焦點，在高空屋率的住宅市場之下，其不但對整體社會資源造成浪費外，亦使整體住宅市場機制之扭曲，故探討高空屋率之成因是非常重要的。本文以2000年台灣359區市鄉鎮空屋率來觀察高空屋率之成因，並分析都市發展程度與住宅存量屬性對空屋率之影響。 研究發現，在區市鄉鎮空屋率之成因分析中，透過實證模型檢驗出不同都市發展程度、人口淨遷徙率及住宅存量屬性對空屋率皆有顯著之影響。都市發展處於鄉鎮階段時，住宅存量屬性的變異對於空屋率的影響程度相當高，不論是小坪數、大坪數或高樓層住宅比例的增加，皆會提高空屋率的比率。反之，對於都市發展處於快速成長階段時，住宅空屋率會比鄉鎮地區來得高，但有趣的是，住宅存量變異對空屋率的影響反而是呈現下降的情形。至於當都市發展至成熟階段時，除了小坪數住宅比例外，其餘變數都不會顯著影響到空屋率的增減，而呈現相對穩定的供需狀態。 空屋率政策應該配合都市發展的階段性，以及住宅產品變異的交互影響效果，才能因地制宜解決台灣高空屋率現象或降低投資風險。例如處於都市發展處於鄉鎮階段時，住宅產品應朝向同質與典型的產品規劃，但是當都市快速發展時，適當地放寬高樓層與大面積住宅產品反而可以降低空屋現象。

The thesis deals with the possibilities of communication skills development for persons with learning disabilities. Problematics of vocabulary acquirement and the associated cognitive processes are of primary interest of the thesis. Part of the work is a proposal of several practical activities for improvement of these fields, all in agreement with the presented theoretical background. Qualitative study on a sample of 5 tenants of a nursing home was conducted. Subsequent analysis revealed that the nature, implementation and orientation of the proposed tasks is suitable for the clients. Recommendations on how to treat the encountered individuals are also presented. KEYWORDS learning disability, vocabulary analysis, vocabulary developement, cognitive processes, communication skills

(in English): This thesis deals with the current status of the teacher in the student's life in today's society. The theoretical part presents to the reader the basic issues concerning the two major subjects of education, teacher and pupil. The main goal of the practical part is to find out with the help of a questionnaire whether and to what extent is to identify the student with the teacher and with various forms of teachers' role in the student's life.

Recent economical crises, constant development of new technologies and faster globalisation cause different changes in all organisations all over the world. One of these changes are also different considerations about suistainable development and the impact different companies have. Those organisations are getting more and more involved into this topic and become more competitive within quickly developing global economics. They look for the ways how to contribute to suistainable development. One of the ways is also suistainable IT in a company focused on Green ICT. The aim of this thesis is to describe Green ICT, how it matches with suistainable development and what are the areas it covers. Firstly, the thesis contains an explanation of what Green ICT is. Secondly it focuses on the approach to this issue in different companies of different sizes in different industries. To achieve this aim, there are used different surveys from worldwide known companies. In the next part this thesis deals with two most important global IT companies, that significantly influence supply of ERP systems to the Czech market. This part specifies the areas covered by above mentioned companies and their main achievements. The main goal of this thesis is to analyze current state of Green ICT within local market. To achieve this goal, there was taken a survey focusing on Green ICT perception at ERP suppliers on the Czech market. Data from this survey were then analysed and evaluated. This thesis also provides a measuring scale for evaluation of Green ICT level. To demonstrate this, there were two global companies evaluated compared to three local companies evaluation.

<p>Denna undersökning bygger på lärares attityder till konfliktsituationer och deras föreställningar om hur de agerar vid dessa. Det vi i vår undersökning eftersöker är dels om lärarnas agerande skiljer sig mellan år 1 och år 6 och dels om deras utsagor tyder på en bakomliggande teoretisk kunskap. Med hjälp av en kvalitativ ansats görs åtta intervjuer med behöriga lärare, fyra verksamma i år 1 och fyra verksamma i år 6. Analysen av det insamlade materialet visar att varje lärare har skilda sätt att se på konflikter och majoriteten anser att de både har positiva och negativa aspekter. När det gäller sättet att hantera konflikter har vi funnit att en gemensam grundmodell används. Dock har alla lärare sina egna konflikthanteringsstrategier som de använder beroende på situation och ålder på barnen. Trots att lärarna säger sig ha ytterst lite utbildningen om konflikter och konflikthantering tyder deras utsagor på en bakomliggande teoretisk kunskap.</p>

<p>”Longboards” är ett examensarbete utfört av Leo Ekbom och Sammy-Sebastian Tawakkoli för innovations- och designingejörsprogrammet vid fakulteten för teknik och naturvetenskap på Karlstads Universitet. Uppdragsgivaren är Space Production AB, projektägare är Dan Edanius, art director och projektledare på företaget. Ett av företagets projekt var våren 2008 att producera Slalom Skateboarding VM och med anknytning till detta växte ett examensarbete fram.</p><p> </p><p>Space Production AB började som ett montersnickeri men har idag utvecklats till ett företag som driver fullständiga utställnings- och eventprojekt. Företaget tillhandahåller allt från idéskiss till montering och servning även då huvudsysslan ligger i att producera, installera och lagra utformning från annan part.</p><p> </p><p>Uppgiften var att ta fram en produktserie innehållande tre modeller av longbaords med bred spridning. Produkterna skulle vara unika och nischade men ändå säljbara och tillhöra ett övre segment av marknaden. Därtill gavs lite friare händer i att ta fram en rad vilda koncept som idébank för senare projekt.</p><p> </p><p>Genom en djupgående researchfas, där information rörande materialkunskap, marknad, målgrupper och kultur, mynnade projektet ut i en kreativ designprocess. Målgruppsanalysen lade grunden till en rad referenskunder vars behov inspirerade och analyserades. Två skilda idegenereringstillfällen lade grunden till en kategorisering där åtta starka koncept presenterades för en sammansatt styrgrupp.</p><p> </p><p>Arbetet resulterade i tre längre utvecklade koncept vilka har potential att bredda den befintliga marknaden för longboard försäljning samt en idébank för framtida utveckling av produkter.</p> / <p>”Longboards” is a degree project in the Innovations- and design engineering program at Karlstad University. The job requestor is Space Production AB with Dan Edanius, Art director and senior project manager, as the project owner.</p><p> </p><p>Space Production AB started out as a showcase carpentry company but has today evolved into a company that operates complete exhibitions and events. The company’s main business is to produce, install and store branded environments designed by another party but also supplies everything from idea sketches to assemblage and service. One of Space projects spring 2008 was the production of Slalom Skateboarding World Championships and it was through this a degree project was created.</p><p> </p><p>The task was to create a diverse product line containing three models of longboards. The products would be unique and aimed at a niche market but yet be sellable and appeal to the upper segment buyer. Further the opportunity to create more wild concepts that could be used in future projects was given. </p><p> </p><p>An extensive research on materials, market, target group and culture, resulted in a creative design process. Through a target group analysis a number of reference consumers were created. Their needs worked as inspiration and was analysed. Two separate sessions of idea generating were the fundament of a <strong>categorization</strong><strong> </strong>that eventually resulted in eight strong concepts that was presented to the management group.</p><p> </p><p>The project has resulted in three developed concepts that could potentially broaden the existing longboard market as well as a band of ideas that could be used for inspiration of future projects.</p>