Submitted by Diogo Misoguti (diogo.misoguti@gmail.com) on 2016-06-20T12:59:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 marcia-aparecida-colber-de-lima.pdf: 2364391 bytes, checksum: b766c5240adfc7ad88f29c6fb9511186 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Diogo Misoguti (diogo.misoguti@gmail.com) on 2016-06-20T12:59:39Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 marcia-aparecida-colber-de-lima.pdf: 2364391 bytes, checksum: b766c5240adfc7ad88f29c6fb9511186 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-20T12:59:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 marcia-aparecida-colber-de-lima.pdf: 2364391 bytes, checksum: b766c5240adfc7ad88f29c6fb9511186 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-03 / A formação continuada oferecida aos gestores das redes públicas e a coerência entre os conteúdos tratados nessa formação e suas práticas gestoras é o foco de investigação desta pesquisa. O objetivo foi analisar as ações formativas do programa denominado A Rede em rede – a formação continuada na Educação Infantil e investigar as apropriações dos gestores sobre os conceitos de gestão pedagógica e compartilhada nos Centros de Educação Infantil e nas Escolas Municipais de Educação Infantil na cidade de São Paulo. A questão que norteou a pesquisa foi investigar quais contribuições, limites e possibilidades a formação continuada do programa trouxe para a construção dos saberes dos diretores e coordenadores pedagógicos na perspectiva do exercício de uma gestão pedagógica e compartilhada. De abordagem qualitativa, a investigação foi realizada com base nas seguintes fontes: revisão do ordenamento legal e dos documentos normativos sobre educação infantil, tendo como ponto de partida a publicação da Constituição de 1988; pesquisa documental no arquivo da Memória Técnica Documental da Secretaria Municipal de Educação de São Paulo, ambos com a finalidade de contextualizar os processos de formação continuada na rede municipal paulistana; documentos produzidos no âmbito do programa investigado, buscando compreender os princípios que nortearam as ações de formação dos gestores escolares e; entrevistas semiestruturadas, envolvendo gestores em exercício na rede municipal paulistana, em escolas de educação infantil, na perspectiva de analisar as apropriações dos gestores quanto aos conteúdos tratados no programa de formação. As análises que respondem à questão foram apoiadas em Nóvoa (1992; 1999; 2008; 2010; 2011), Imbernón (2009; 2010), Schön (1992), Tardif (2012), Moss (2005; 2009) e Cury (1998; 2010). Os resultados mostraram que algumas condições devem ser consideradas na proposição de programas de formação continuada, como a continuidade, o acompanhamento e a articulação das ações de formação, envolvendo os diferentes segmentos profissionais que atuam nas unidades educacionais. Esses resultados apontam que o presente estudo pode contribuir para o adensamento da reflexão acerca da proposição de programas de formação continuada em redes públicas de educação infantil, com vistas à consolidação de práticas de gestão numa perspectiva pedagógica e compartilhada para essa modalidade de educação. / The continuous training offered to managers of public education system and the coherence between the content treated in this training and their management practices is the focus of this research. The objective was to analyze the training activities of a program called A Rede em rede – a formação continuada na Educação Infantil (The School System in the Network - continued training in Childhood Education) and investigate the appropriation of managers about concepts of pedagogical and shared management in Early Childhood Education Centers and the Municipal Schools Children's Education in the São Paulo city. The question that guided the research was which contributions, limits and possibilities the continued training program has brought for the construction of knowledges of the directors and coordinators in view of pursuing a pedagogical and shared management. From the qualitative approach, the research was based on the following sources: review of the legal system and of the normative documents on early childhood education, taking as its starting point the publication of the Brazilian Constitution of 1988; documentary research in the archive of memory Technical Document of the Municipal Education of São Paulo, both in order to contextualize the continued education process in São Paulo municipal network; documents produced under the program investigated, in order to understand the principles that have guided the training activities for school managers and; semi-structured interviews, involving exercise for managers in São Paulo municipal network, in elementary schools in the perspective of analyzing the appropriation of the managers about the contents treated in the training program. The analyzes that respond to the question were supported by Nóvoa (1992; 1999; 2008; 2010; 2011), Imbernón (2009; 2010), Schön (1992), Tardif (2012), Moss (2005; 2009) and Cury (1998; 2010). The results showed that some conditions must be considered in the proposition of programs of continuing formation, such as the continuity, monitoring and articulation of actions for training activities, involving different professional sectors who work in educational units. These results suggest that this study may contribute to the deepening of reflection on the proposition of continuous education programs in public networks of early childhood education, with a view to the consolidation of the practices of management in a pedagogical and shared perspective for this type of education.

Le propos de la présente recherche est de comprendre le développement du procès de construction et d’implantation d’un curriculum modulaire pour le Cours d’Odontologie, basé sur les Directives Curriculaires Nationales, dans une université communautaire au Sud du Brésil. Au coeur de cette thématique, on a apporté la perspective des étudiants du cours, des enseignants et de l’équipe directive de l’Université. La méthodologie qualitative a utilisé une Étude de Cas, dont le champ de recherche a été les témoignages de participants de la réforme curriculaire dans le Cours de graduation en Odontologie de l’Universidade do Planalto Catarinense (UNIPLAC – Université du Plateau de Santa Catarina), à Lages – SC. La collecte de données a été réalisée au moyen d’entrevues, tout au long de neuf mois, où ont participé les étudiants d’Odontologie (curriculum modulaire), les professeurs, à différents champs de travail et l’équipe directive de l’Université (le Coordinateur de cours, le Chef de Département et le Prorecteur pour l’enseignement). Outre les entrevues, la collecte de données a inclus l’analyse documentaire et l’observation (registres en journal de champ). Les données ont été analysées au moyen de l’Analyse Textuelle Discursive, proposée par Moraes et Galiazzi (2007). Les résultats sont réunis dans les catégories suivantes : 1) Le procès de réforme curriculaire : la proposition de changement possible dans la formation; 2) Les tensions du procès : la différence entre la théorie pensée et la réalité perçue (l’intégration : condition essentielle au curriculum modulaire/ L’organisation ou la manque d’organisation / chirurgiens-dentistes enseignants ou enseignants chirurgiens-dentistes : l’(in)capacité des enseignants du cours d’odontologie ; Évaluations, apprentissages et curriculum : difficultés d’intégration/ La coordination du cours d’odontologie : où est-elle ? Le nouveau émergent : le défi du changement) ; 3) La démarche du procès et ses avances; 4) L’expérience du curriculum intégré : un procès continu d’apprentissage et de dépassement ; 5) Le cours d’odontologie de l’UNIPLAC : qu’est-ce que nous voyons pour l’avenir ? On a été observé un long et complexe procès d’élaboration de la nouvelle structure curriculaire, notamment pour ce qui a concerné la participation et la motivation d’enseignants dans le collégial du cours d’Odontologie. Il y a eu des difficultés dans la compréhension du propos par les enseignants et par les étudiants. Quand même, la méthode proposée a été bien reçue et évaluée par les étudiants dans les différents semestres du cours. Les noeuds de plus grande densité du procès de changement curriculaire incluent : – la manque d’intégralité, d’organisation et de communication à l’intérieur des modules et entre les modules ; – l’ignorance, de la part des enseignants, du propos curriculaire ; – la forme d’engagement des enseignants dans l’institution ; – la difficulté dans le processus d’évaluation des étudiants ; – l’incapacité du coordinateur du cours ; – la manque de qualifications pour le collégial du cours d’Odontologie (avant et après l’implantation du nouveau curriculum). Il est nécessaire une reprise responsable dans la conduction du procès de réforme curriculaire et une gestion plus partagée et collective à l’Université. / O propósito da presente pesquisa foi compreender o desenvolvimento do processo de construção e implantação de um currículo modular para o Curso de Odontologia, baseado nas Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais, em uma universidade comunitária no Sul do Brasil. Dentro desta temática, foi apresentada a perspectiva dos estudantes do curso, dos professores e da equipe diretiva da Universidade. A metodologia qualitativa utilizou um Estudo de Caso, cujo campo de investigação foram os depoimentos de participantes da reforma curricular no curso de graduação em Odontologia da Universidade do Planalto Catarinense (UNIPLAC), em Lages - SC. A coleta de dados aconteceu por meio de entrevistas, ao longo de nove meses, em que participaram os discentes de Odontologia (currículo modular), os docentes, em diferentes áreas de atuação e a equipe diretiva da Universidade (Coordenador de curso, o Chefe de Departamento e o Pró-Reitor de Ensino). Além das entrevistas, a coleta de dados incluiu a análise documental e a observação (registros em diário de campo). Os dados foram analisados por meio da Análise Textual Discursiva, proposta por Moraes e Galiazzi (2007). Os resultados estão reunidos nas seguintes categorias: 1) O processo de reforma curricular: a proposta possível de mudança na formação; 2) As tensões do processo: a diferença entre a teoria pensada e a realidade percebida (A integração: condição essencial no currículo modular / A organização ou a falta dela /Cirurgiões-dentistas professores ou professores cirurgiõesdentistas: o (des) preparo dos professores do curso de odontologia; Avaliações, aprendizagens e currículo: dificuldades de integração / A coordenação do curso de odontologia: onde está? O novo emergente: o desafio da mudança); 3) O caminhar do processo e seus avanços; 4) A vivência do currículo integrado: um processo contínuo de aprendizagem e superação; 5) O curso de odontologia da UNIPLAC: o que vemos para o futuro? Foi observado um longo e complexo processo de elaboração da nova estrutura curricular, especialmente no que se referiu à participação e motivação de professores no colegiado do curso de Odontologia. Houve dificuldades no entendimento da proposta por professores e estudantes. Ainda assim, o método proposto foi bem recebido e avaliado pelos estudantes nos diferentes semestres do curso. Os nós de maior densidade do processo de mudança curricular incluem: - falta de integralidade, organização e comunicação dentro dos módulos e entre os módulos; - desconhecimento, por parte dos professores, da proposta curricular; - forma de contratação dos professores na instituição; - dificuldade no processo de avaliação dos estudantes; - despreparo do coordenador do curso; - falta de capacitações para o colegiado do curso de Odontologia (antes e após a implantação do novo currículo). Há necessidade da retomada responsável na condução do processo de reforma curricular e de uma gestão mais partilhada e coletiva na Universidade. / The aim of the present study was to comprehend the ongoing process of construction and implantation of an integrated curriculum for graduation in dental education, according to the National Curricular Guidelines, in a community university in the south of Brazil. In this sense, it was evaluated the expectations of the engaged students, professors, and the management group of the university. It was employed a qualitative methodology of case study based on the testimonies of the subjects moved ahead on the curricular reform for the graduation degree in Odontology of the Universidade do Planalto Catarinense (UNIPLAC) in Lages, State of Santa Catarina. Data were gathered along 9 months by direct interviews to all the selected participants belonging to the groups of undergraduate students (from the new integrated curriculum), assistant and full professors (from different professional working areas), and members of the directive group in different hierarchical positions. Besides this approach, research data included documental analysis and notes in regard to direct in loco observations. The writing discursive analysis technique was employed as proposed by Moraes and Galiazzi (2007). Results were grouped in the following categories: 1) The curricular reform process: one possible proposal for changing graduation standards; 2) Process-related stress: differences between the imagined theory and the perceived truth (Integration: the crucial condition for an integrated curriculum/ Organization or lack of organization/ Dentists as professors or professors that are also dentists: teaching (non-)capacities of the professors of Odontology; Exams, lessons and curriculum: difficulties for the integration/ Where is the Odontology course coordination group? The new and emergent fact: the challenger changing); 3) The development of the process and its forward steps; 4) The ongoing experience of an integrated curriculum: a continuous process of learning and overcoming; 5) The graduation in Odontology at UNIPLAC: what can be foreseen? There was a long and complex process for the elaboration of the new curricular structure, mainly due to the motivation and participation of the professors engaged in the Odontology course. For them and the students, it was not an easy way to realize the rationale of the new curricular proposal. Even though, students from different graduation years felt themselves well adapted to the integrated curriculum and high rated their experience with the new curriculum when asked to. Main limitations that were noted included: - lack of integration, organization and dialogue within and among the modular themes; - professors’ lack of knowledge of the new integrated curriculum proposal; - how is the Univeristy policy for the professor application and selection procedure; - difficulties when evaluating students’ performance; - lack of pedagogical expertise for the course coordinator position; and, - lack of adequate training for the Odontology docent staff prior to and after the beginning of the new integrated curriculum. There is a clear need for redirecting this process of curricular reform aiming a more reliable and consistent way as well as a more participative and collective administration of the UNIPLAC. / El propósito de la presente investigación fue entender el desarrollo del proceso de construcción e implantación de un currículo modular para el Curso de Odontología, basado en las Directrices Curriculares Nacionales, en una universidad comunitaria del Sur de Brasil. En este tema se presenta la perspectiva de los estudiantes del curso, profesores y equipo directivo de la universidad. Se utilizó la metodología cualitativa de Estudio de Caso, cuyo campo de investigación fue las declaraciones de participantes de la reforma curricular en el curso de graduación en Odontología de la Universidade do Planalto Catarinense (UNIPLAC), en la ciudad de Lages –Estado de Santa Catarina. La recolección de datos se realizó a través de entrevistas a lo largo de nueve meses en las que participaron los discentes de Odontología (currículo modular), los docentes de diferentes áreas de actuación y el equipo directivo de la universidad (el coordinador del curso, el jefe de Departamento y el pro-rector de Enseñanza). Además de las entrevistas, la recolección de datos incluyó el análisis documental y la observación (registros en diario de campo). Se analizaron los datos por medio del Análisis Textual Discursivo, propuesto por Moraes y Galiazzi (2007). Los resultados están reunidos en las siguientes categorías: 1) El proceso de reforma curricular: la propuesta posible de cambio en la formación; 2) Las tensiones del proceso: la diferencia entre la teoría pensada y la realidad percibida (La integración: condición esencial en el currículo modular / La organización o su falta / Cirujanos dentistas profesores o profesores cirujanos dentistas: la (im)pericia de los profesores del curso de Odontología / Evaluaciones, aprendizajes y currículo: dificultades de integración / La coordinación del curso de Odontología: ¿dónde está? / El nuevo emergente: el desafío del cambio); 3) El caminar del proceso y sus avances; 4) La vivencia del currículo integrado: un proceso continuo de aprendizaje y superación; 5) El curso de Odontología de la UNIPLAC: ¿qué vemos hacia el futuro? Se observó un largo y complejo proceso de elaboración de la nueva estructura curricular, especialmente en lo que se refirió a la participación y motivación de profesores en el colegiado del curso de Odontología. Profesores y estudiantes tuvieron dificultades en la comprensión de la propuesta, no obstante el método propuesto fue bien recibido y evaluado por los estudiantes de los distintos semestres del curso. Los nodos de mayor densidad del proceso de cambio curricular incluyen: falta de integralidad, organización y comunicación dentro de los módulos y entre estos; desconocimiento por parte de los profesores de la propuesta curricular; forma de contratación de los profesores en la institución; dificultad en el proceso de evaluación de los estudiantes; ineptitud del coordinador del curso; falta de capacitaciones para el colegiado del curso de Odontología (antes y después de la implantación del nuevo currículo). Hay la necesidad de la toma responsable en la conducción del proceso de reforma curricular y de una gestión más compartida y colectiva en la universidad.

My diploma thesis deals issue of activities with children and youth in operation of Sdružení hasičů Čech, Moravy a Slezska.Introduction of this thesis describes past of operation of SH ČMS, especially its education activities in past. There is analysis of organizational structure of SH ČMS as well. Thesis describes all vertical levels of organization (headquarters, region, district, precinct and local level) and all parts of horizontal division of organization (mayor, executive committee, audit committee, other teams etc.). Conclusion of the first part of diploma thesis deals funding organization and educational activities. The second part of this work is focused on educational system in SH ČMS. It meets us with year-round activities of young firefighters, methods of working during whole year and describes ?PLAMEN? game as main point in year-round activities of young firefighters. Very important is think about children team leader as well. In the conclusion of diploma thesis I mention little information about documentation necessary for working with young firefighters and cooperation with other organizations.

Le propos de la présente recherche est de comprendre le développement du procès de construction et d’implantation d’un curriculum modulaire pour le Cours d’Odontologie, basé sur les Directives Curriculaires Nationales, dans une université communautaire au Sud du Brésil. Au coeur de cette thématique, on a apporté la perspective des étudiants du cours, des enseignants et de l’équipe directive de l’Université. La méthodologie qualitative a utilisé une Étude de Cas, dont le champ de recherche a été les témoignages de participants de la réforme curriculaire dans le Cours de graduation en Odontologie de l’Universidade do Planalto Catarinense (UNIPLAC – Université du Plateau de Santa Catarina), à Lages – SC. La collecte de données a été réalisée au moyen d’entrevues, tout au long de neuf mois, où ont participé les étudiants d’Odontologie (curriculum modulaire), les professeurs, à différents champs de travail et l’équipe directive de l’Université (le Coordinateur de cours, le Chef de Département et le Prorecteur pour l’enseignement). Outre les entrevues, la collecte de données a inclus l’analyse documentaire et l’observation (registres en journal de champ). Les données ont été analysées au moyen de l’Analyse Textuelle Discursive, proposée par Moraes et Galiazzi (2007). Les résultats sont réunis dans les catégories suivantes : 1) Le procès de réforme curriculaire : la proposition de changement possible dans la formation; 2) Les tensions du procès : la différence entre la théorie pensée et la réalité perçue (l’intégration : condition essentielle au curriculum modulaire/ L’organisation ou la manque d’organisation / chirurgiens-dentistes enseignants ou enseignants chirurgiens-dentistes : l’(in)capacité des enseignants du cours d’odontologie ; Évaluations, apprentissages et curriculum : difficultés d’intégration/ La coordination du cours d’odontologie : où est-elle ? Le nouveau émergent : le défi du changement) ; 3) La démarche du procès et ses avances; 4) L’expérience du curriculum intégré : un procès continu d’apprentissage et de dépassement ; 5) Le cours d’odontologie de l’UNIPLAC : qu’est-ce que nous voyons pour l’avenir ? On a été observé un long et complexe procès d’élaboration de la nouvelle structure curriculaire, notamment pour ce qui a concerné la participation et la motivation d’enseignants dans le collégial du cours d’Odontologie. Il y a eu des difficultés dans la compréhension du propos par les enseignants et par les étudiants. Quand même, la méthode proposée a été bien reçue et évaluée par les étudiants dans les différents semestres du cours. Les noeuds de plus grande densité du procès de changement curriculaire incluent : – la manque d’intégralité, d’organisation et de communication à l’intérieur des modules et entre les modules ; – l’ignorance, de la part des enseignants, du propos curriculaire ; – la forme d’engagement des enseignants dans l’institution ; – la difficulté dans le processus d’évaluation des étudiants ; – l’incapacité du coordinateur du cours ; – la manque de qualifications pour le collégial du cours d’Odontologie (avant et après l’implantation du nouveau curriculum). Il est nécessaire une reprise responsable dans la conduction du procès de réforme curriculaire et une gestion plus partagée et collective à l’Université. / O propósito da presente pesquisa foi compreender o desenvolvimento do processo de construção e implantação de um currículo modular para o Curso de Odontologia, baseado nas Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais, em uma universidade comunitária no Sul do Brasil. Dentro desta temática, foi apresentada a perspectiva dos estudantes do curso, dos professores e da equipe diretiva da Universidade. A metodologia qualitativa utilizou um Estudo de Caso, cujo campo de investigação foram os depoimentos de participantes da reforma curricular no curso de graduação em Odontologia da Universidade do Planalto Catarinense (UNIPLAC), em Lages - SC. A coleta de dados aconteceu por meio de entrevistas, ao longo de nove meses, em que participaram os discentes de Odontologia (currículo modular), os docentes, em diferentes áreas de atuação e a equipe diretiva da Universidade (Coordenador de curso, o Chefe de Departamento e o Pró-Reitor de Ensino). Além das entrevistas, a coleta de dados incluiu a análise documental e a observação (registros em diário de campo). Os dados foram analisados por meio da Análise Textual Discursiva, proposta por Moraes e Galiazzi (2007). Os resultados estão reunidos nas seguintes categorias: 1) O processo de reforma curricular: a proposta possível de mudança na formação; 2) As tensões do processo: a diferença entre a teoria pensada e a realidade percebida (A integração: condição essencial no currículo modular / A organização ou a falta dela /Cirurgiões-dentistas professores ou professores cirurgiõesdentistas: o (des) preparo dos professores do curso de odontologia; Avaliações, aprendizagens e currículo: dificuldades de integração / A coordenação do curso de odontologia: onde está? O novo emergente: o desafio da mudança); 3) O caminhar do processo e seus avanços; 4) A vivência do currículo integrado: um processo contínuo de aprendizagem e superação; 5) O curso de odontologia da UNIPLAC: o que vemos para o futuro? Foi observado um longo e complexo processo de elaboração da nova estrutura curricular, especialmente no que se referiu à participação e motivação de professores no colegiado do curso de Odontologia. Houve dificuldades no entendimento da proposta por professores e estudantes. Ainda assim, o método proposto foi bem recebido e avaliado pelos estudantes nos diferentes semestres do curso. Os nós de maior densidade do processo de mudança curricular incluem: - falta de integralidade, organização e comunicação dentro dos módulos e entre os módulos; - desconhecimento, por parte dos professores, da proposta curricular; - forma de contratação dos professores na instituição; - dificuldade no processo de avaliação dos estudantes; - despreparo do coordenador do curso; - falta de capacitações para o colegiado do curso de Odontologia (antes e após a implantação do novo currículo). Há necessidade da retomada responsável na condução do processo de reforma curricular e de uma gestão mais partilhada e coletiva na Universidade. / The aim of the present study was to comprehend the ongoing process of construction and implantation of an integrated curriculum for graduation in dental education, according to the National Curricular Guidelines, in a community university in the south of Brazil. In this sense, it was evaluated the expectations of the engaged students, professors, and the management group of the university. It was employed a qualitative methodology of case study based on the testimonies of the subjects moved ahead on the curricular reform for the graduation degree in Odontology of the Universidade do Planalto Catarinense (UNIPLAC) in Lages, State of Santa Catarina. Data were gathered along 9 months by direct interviews to all the selected participants belonging to the groups of undergraduate students (from the new integrated curriculum), assistant and full professors (from different professional working areas), and members of the directive group in different hierarchical positions. Besides this approach, research data included documental analysis and notes in regard to direct in loco observations. The writing discursive analysis technique was employed as proposed by Moraes and Galiazzi (2007). Results were grouped in the following categories: 1) The curricular reform process: one possible proposal for changing graduation standards; 2) Process-related stress: differences between the imagined theory and the perceived truth (Integration: the crucial condition for an integrated curriculum/ Organization or lack of organization/ Dentists as professors or professors that are also dentists: teaching (non-)capacities of the professors of Odontology; Exams, lessons and curriculum: difficulties for the integration/ Where is the Odontology course coordination group? The new and emergent fact: the challenger changing); 3) The development of the process and its forward steps; 4) The ongoing experience of an integrated curriculum: a continuous process of learning and overcoming; 5) The graduation in Odontology at UNIPLAC: what can be foreseen? There was a long and complex process for the elaboration of the new curricular structure, mainly due to the motivation and participation of the professors engaged in the Odontology course. For them and the students, it was not an easy way to realize the rationale of the new curricular proposal. Even though, students from different graduation years felt themselves well adapted to the integrated curriculum and high rated their experience with the new curriculum when asked to. Main limitations that were noted included: - lack of integration, organization and dialogue within and among the modular themes; - professors’ lack of knowledge of the new integrated curriculum proposal; - how is the Univeristy policy for the professor application and selection procedure; - difficulties when evaluating students’ performance; - lack of pedagogical expertise for the course coordinator position; and, - lack of adequate training for the Odontology docent staff prior to and after the beginning of the new integrated curriculum. There is a clear need for redirecting this process of curricular reform aiming a more reliable and consistent way as well as a more participative and collective administration of the UNIPLAC. / El propósito de la presente investigación fue entender el desarrollo del proceso de construcción e implantación de un currículo modular para el Curso de Odontología, basado en las Directrices Curriculares Nacionales, en una universidad comunitaria del Sur de Brasil. En este tema se presenta la perspectiva de los estudiantes del curso, profesores y equipo directivo de la universidad. Se utilizó la metodología cualitativa de Estudio de Caso, cuyo campo de investigación fue las declaraciones de participantes de la reforma curricular en el curso de graduación en Odontología de la Universidade do Planalto Catarinense (UNIPLAC), en la ciudad de Lages –Estado de Santa Catarina. La recolección de datos se realizó a través de entrevistas a lo largo de nueve meses en las que participaron los discentes de Odontología (currículo modular), los docentes de diferentes áreas de actuación y el equipo directivo de la universidad (el coordinador del curso, el jefe de Departamento y el pro-rector de Enseñanza). Además de las entrevistas, la recolección de datos incluyó el análisis documental y la observación (registros en diario de campo). Se analizaron los datos por medio del Análisis Textual Discursivo, propuesto por Moraes y Galiazzi (2007). Los resultados están reunidos en las siguientes categorías: 1) El proceso de reforma curricular: la propuesta posible de cambio en la formación; 2) Las tensiones del proceso: la diferencia entre la teoría pensada y la realidad percibida (La integración: condición esencial en el currículo modular / La organización o su falta / Cirujanos dentistas profesores o profesores cirujanos dentistas: la (im)pericia de los profesores del curso de Odontología / Evaluaciones, aprendizajes y currículo: dificultades de integración / La coordinación del curso de Odontología: ¿dónde está? / El nuevo emergente: el desafío del cambio); 3) El caminar del proceso y sus avances; 4) La vivencia del currículo integrado: un proceso continuo de aprendizaje y superación; 5) El curso de Odontología de la UNIPLAC: ¿qué vemos hacia el futuro? Se observó un largo y complejo proceso de elaboración de la nueva estructura curricular, especialmente en lo que se refirió a la participación y motivación de profesores en el colegiado del curso de Odontología. Profesores y estudiantes tuvieron dificultades en la comprensión de la propuesta, no obstante el método propuesto fue bien recibido y evaluado por los estudiantes de los distintos semestres del curso. Los nodos de mayor densidad del proceso de cambio curricular incluyen: falta de integralidad, organización y comunicación dentro de los módulos y entre estos; desconocimiento por parte de los profesores de la propuesta curricular; forma de contratación de los profesores en la institución; dificultad en el proceso de evaluación de los estudiantes; ineptitud del coordinador del curso; falta de capacitaciones para el colegiado del curso de Odontología (antes y después de la implantación del nuevo currículo). Hay la necesidad de la toma responsable en la conducción del proceso de reforma curricular y de una gestión más compartida y colectiva en la universidad.

Theoretical part of this master thesis describes the structure of musical education system, importance of music in education, opportunities for organization based in the field of education through culture, and the main parts of a successful business plan. In practical part of this thesis the author proposes a model of organization providing educational music shows for children in nursery schools. This part of the work includes a marketing analysis for the model organization as well as marketing and financial plan. The final part describes conditions under which the model organization would function successfully.

Bien qu’arabophones, c’est en français que les enfants lisent principalement, langue qui est également, pour la majorité d’entre eux, celle de l’enseignement. Les éditeurs libanais francophones ne proposant qu’une production extrêmement réduite, les enfants vont devoir se tourner vers des romans français dont ils ne sont pas les destinataires premiers. Pour eux, se pose alors la question de la réception de ces romans où il leur sera difficile de se retrouver sachant que ces livres tournés vers la contemporanéité, donnent à voir la réalité sociale d’un monde qui n’est pas le leur.Aménagée en trois parties, la thèse apporte d’abord un éclairage sur certains particularismes culturels, linguistiques et éducatifs constitutifs de l’identité libanaise. Pour mieux comprendre le rapport des enfants avec la lecture, les productions des éditeurs francophones de jeunesse sont présentées ainsi que les structures publiques, privées ou associatives qui permettront la rencontre avec les livres. La seconde partie se concentre sur la réception par les enfants libanais du paratexte et de l’incipit d’un corpus de romans français destinés aux 8/11 ans. Cette analyse explicite les stratégies de séduction privilégiées par les éditeurs et les auteurs français. La troisième partie présente la production éditoriale des fictions francophones destinées au marché scolaire ainsi que les particularités de leur forme d’écriture. Le traitement fictionnel de certaines représentations sociales dans des titres français et libanais francophones est ensuite abordé comme les rôles parentaux, l’éducation, la mort et la guerre, dans les romans ayant le Liban comme thématique. / Despite speaking Arabic as their mother tongue, it is French that children mostly read, obviously because French is - for the majority of them - the medium of instruction. However, Lebanese publishers of French-speaking books offer a very narrow selection, hence the children’s turning to French novels whom they are not the first recipients. But how do these children receive such novels? It would be difficult for them to identify with these modernity-oriented-books that portray the social reality of a world that is not theirs. This threefold-thesis first provides insight into a number of specific cultural, linguistic and educational constituents of the Lebanese identity. And to better understand the relationship between children and reading, the first part presents the productions of French-speaking publishers of youth novels, along with public, private and other community facilities that organize “book encounters”.The second part studies the Lebanese children’s reception of the paratext and the incipit of a corpus of French novels written for the 8/11 year olds. This analysis explains the strategies of appeal favored by French publishers and authors.The third part describes the editorial production and specific writing style of Lebanese French-speaking fiction intended for the school market. The fictional approach of some social representations in French and Lebanese French-speaking books is then tackled, such as parenting, education, death and war in Lebanon- themed novels.

This thesis studies the clash between the hero and the First World War in the works of Rupert Brooke, Siegfried Sassoon and Wilfred Owen. It explores the impact on their poetry and attitude towards the concept of the hero as it applied to them as people and poets. The study shows that over prolonged contact with the horrors of the First World War, it is evident in both literary sources and their poetry that both Sassoon and Owen changed their attitudes negatively towards both the idea of heroes and heroism, as well as the War as a just and glorious cause.  However, the myth of the hero was still a core belief of their society, and in order to not be branded cowards and discarded along with their warnings, they had to become heroes in the eyes of their society, to openly attack the concept and the war it fueled. This thesis then studies how and why First World War poetry and literature should be utilized within the subject of English in the Swedish School System, as a means to provide a multicultural and critical education.

This thesis explored teachers’ experiences in curriculum implementation in primary schools in the Vhembe district. Curriculum implementation prompts thinking and learning of new things in the teachers’ day-to-day workplace. Primary school teachers are pillars of strength in contributing to the children’s future success. The thesis presents a contribution to the knowledge of curriculum implementation at the school level through a case study and a qualitative research approach as it aimed to comprehend and describe teachers’ practices and experiences on the implementation of the curriculum, which is a social phenomenon that includes ideas, thoughts, and actions. The thesis takes an appropriate starting point in arguing that curriculum implementation prompts thinking and learning of new things in the teachers’ day-to-day workplace. The context of the argument is primary school teachers’ lived experiences in South Africa in the face of curriculum change. The researcher critically argues that South Africa is amongst many countries that experienced curriculum challenges and resorted to change and one of the changes was in the form of the Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statement (CAPS) which signalled a shift in teaching approaches. In this new way of teaching, teachers seem lost and therefore apply traditional teaching methods. Teachers are expected to apply curriculum changes and develop new skills through qualification improvement, but it is questionable whether the challenges that the teachers themselves recognise as important are taken into cognisance. The researcher elaborated eight recommendations in relation to the Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statement. Some of the recommendations are summarily as that education curriculum advisors from the Limpopo Department of Education be appointed to visit all schools to aid and assess the implementation. It is also recommended that the Department of Basic Education must retrain all primary school teachers for a week during school vacation. These recommendations are of paramount importance and the Limpopo Department of Education should consider them as a priority. As the government can intervene by funding the implementation of the CAPS in the training and reskilling of teachers. / Curriculum and Instructional Studies / Ph. D. (Curriculum and Instructional Studies)

The new South Africa is encouraging multilingualism. The Department of Education has given a mandate to promote African languages. The Department of Higher Education came up with higher education language policy in 2002. All the higher education institutions have to choose indigenous languages to promote. Tshwane University of Technology has decided to promote Setswana and siSwati as their primary and secondary languages, respectively, to be used within the university. This study is about assessing the implementation of the Tshwane University of Technology’s language Policy. The researcher uses mixed methods to conduct the research. A survey and observation were used as tools to collect data. The researcher observed the implementation of the language policy at Tshwane University of Technology (Soshanguve Campus). The researcher also reviewed the language policies for Higher education and the Tshwane University of Technology’s language policy. The signage, marketing tools, billboards, directions and university documents were observed. This research was based on promoting the indigenous languages. From the data collected, Setswana is not used to convey the message within the university; therefore the indigenous languages are not yet implemented or promoted / African Languages / M.A. (African Languages)

[ES] La situación pandémica mundial ha hecho que la educación en todos sus niveles tome como alternativa para su continuidad la virtualización de esta; por lo que este trabajo de investigación pretende analizar las perspectivas de los docentes y estudiantes frente a la virtualización educativa como alternativa en tiempos de COVID-19 en la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas de la Universidad Central del Ecuador La investigación se realizó bajo un enfoque mixto cuali-cuantitativo, con un diseño no experimental - transeccional, utilizando como técnicas la encuesta y la entrevista, a través de la aplicación de un cuestionario y de la entrevista grupal respectivamente. La población quedó constituida por 1209 estudiantes y 60 docentes de las Carreras de Ciencias Políticas, Sociología y Trabajo Social que conforman la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas de la Universidad Central del Ecuador, Hallándose como conclusión principal que, de forma inicial la virtualización de la educación fue acogida de forma positiva entre docentes y estudiantes; pero que existen carencias en ciertas áreas para su ejecución, como son la escasez de equipos tecnológicos en los hogares de los estudiantes, mala conectividad a internet, falta de capacitación apropiada a estudiantes y docentes, factores que amplían la brecha digital por las desigualdades ya existentes. La tecnología sin duda abre grandes posibilidades para el aprendizaje en la educación superior, pero la carencia de los recursos tecnológicos apropiados y la falta capacitación de muchos de los docentes imposibilita esta oportunidad. / [CA] La situació pandèmica mundial ha fet que l'educació en tots els seus nivells prenga com a alternativa per a la seua continuïtat la virtualització d'aquesta; pel que aquest treball de recerca pretén analitzar les perspectives dels docents i estudiants enfront de la virtualització educativa com a alternativa en temps de COVID-19 en la Facultat de Ciències Socials i Humanes de la Universitat Central de l'Equador. La investigació es va realitzar baix un enfocament mixt cuali-quantitatiu, amb un disseny no experimental - transeccional, utilitzant com a tècniques l'enquesta i l'entrevista, a través de l'aplicació d'un qüestionari i de l'entrevista grupal respectivament. La població va quedar constituïda per 1209 estudiants i 60 docents de les Carreres de Ciències Polítiques, Sociologia i Treball Social que conformen la Facultat de Ciències Socials i Humanes de la Universitat Central de l'Equador. Trobant-se com a conclusió principal que de manera inicial la virtualització de l'educació va ser acollida de manera positiva entre docents i estudiants; però que existeixen carències en unes certes àrees per a la seua execució, com són l'escassetat d'equips tecnològics en les llars dels estudiants, mala connectivitat a internet, falta de capacitació apropiada a estudiants i docents, factors que amplien la bretxa digital per les desigualtats ja existents. La tecnologia sens dubte obri grans possibilitats per a l'aprenentatge en l'educació superior, però la carència dels recursos tecnològics apropiats i la falta de capacitació de molts dels docents impossibilita aquesta oportunitat. / [EN] The global pandemic situation has made education at all levels take its virtualization as an alternative for its continuity; Therefore, this research work aims to analyze the perspectives of teachers and students in the face of educational virtualization as an alternative in times of COVID- 19 at the Faculty of Social and Human Sciences of the Central University of Ecuador The research was carried out under a mixed quali-quantitative approach, with a non- experimental - transectional design, using the survey and the interview as techniques, through the application of a questionnaire and the group interview respectively. The population was made up of 1,209 students and 60 teachers of the Careers of Political Sciences, Sociology and Social Work that make up the Faculty of Social and Human Sciences of the Central University of Ecuador, Finding as a main conclusion that initially the virtualization of education was received in a positive way among teachers and students; but that there are shortcomings in certain areas for its implementation, such as the shortage of technological equipment in the students' homes, poor internet connectivity, lack of appropriate training for students and teachers, factors that widen the digital divide due to existing inequalities. Technology certainly opens up great possibilities for learning in higher education, but attention to appropriate technological resources and the lack of training of many teachers makes this opportunity impossible. / Valladares Villagómez, MA. (2021). Perspectiva de los docentes y estudiantes frente a la virtualización educativa como alternativa en tiempos de COVID-19 en la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas de la Universidad Central del Ecuador [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/180345 / TESIS