Orientador: Sheila Elias de Oliveira / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-22T16:40:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Castro_ViniciusMassad_M.pdf: 1121433 bytes, checksum: 1f898c21e69c03fe62345d55804de326 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: Neste trabalho, nos propomos a estudar a apelidação de pessoas e os apelidos de pessoa a partir da perspectiva enunciativa desenvolvida por Guimarães (2002), a Semântica do Acontecimento, tendo como corpus os apelidos de pessoa presentes na Apelista de 2011 - lista telefônica organizada por apelidos - da cidade de Cláudio (MG). Assumindo a apelidação de pessoa como uma prática enunciativa de renomear e o apelido como um tipo de nome próprio de pessoa produzido a partir dessa prática, procuraremos compreender basicamente três aspectos relacionados aos apelidos e a apelidação de pessoa: (1) o funcionamento semântico-enunciativo da apelidação de pessoa, ou nomeação lúdica de pessoa, como proporemos chamá-la, na relação com a nomeação jurídica de pessoa, a que atribui nomes jurídicos de pessoa por meio do registro civil de um Estado; (2) o funcionamento formal (fonético e morfossintático) e semântico-enunciativo dos apelidos de pessoa; (3) como é configurada a cena enunciativa da atribuição de um apelido a uma pessoa. Por meio dos resultados obtidos a partir das análises de (1), (2) e (3) será possível realizar uma reflexão sobre a prática enunciativa de apelidar no espaço de enunciação da língua portuguesa do Brasil, assim como mostrar a especificidade da apelidação e dos apelidos em relação, por exemplo, a nomeação jurídica e aos nomes jurídicos, e também inscrever a apelidação na problemática dos nomes próprios, pela distinção entre nome próprio jurídico de pessoa e nome próprio lúdico de pessoa / Abstract: In this work, we propose to study personal nicknaming and nicknames inside the enunciative perspective developed by Guimarães (2002), the Semântica do Acontecimento, having as a corpus the personal nicknames in the 2011 Apelista - phonebook organized by nicknames - of the city of Cláudio (MG). Assuming the personal nicknaming as an enunciative practice of renaming and the personal nickname as a type of personal proper name produced by this practice, we will try to comprehend three aspects related to the personal nicknames and nicknaming: (1) the semantic-enunciative functioning of the personal nicknaming, or the ludic personal nomination, expression with which we will propose to term the personal nicknaming, in the relation with the juridical personal nomination, the nomination by which juridical personal names are given by the civil registration of a Estate; (2) the formal (phonetic and morpho-syntatical) and semantic-enunciative functioning of the personal nicknames; (3) how the enunciative scene of the personal nicknaming is configured. With the results obtained by the analysis of (1), (2) and (3), it will be possible to make a reflexion about the enunciative practice of nicknaming in the enunciative space of the Portuguese language of Brasil and to show the specificity of the nicknaming and the nicknames in relation with, for example, the juridical nomination and the juridical names, and also to inscribe the nicknaming, with the distinction between juridical personal proper name and ludic personal proper name, in the studies of proper names / Mestrado / Linguistica / Mestre em Linguística

Orientador: Eduardo Roberto Junqueira Guimarães / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem. / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-19T02:41:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Oliveira_SimonedeMellode_D.pdf: 591434 bytes, checksum: 1a8bdbf42a3472ecc11b39fbfe8b1297 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: Esta tese se propõe a pensar a questão da ciência, sua circulação e mais especificamente sua divulgação para o grande público - não especialista, considerando as novas tecnologias da comunicação e da informação. Para tanto, analisamos os blogs de divulgação científica do Anel de Blogs Científicos da USP, sob três aspectos: a autoria nos blogs de divulgação científica, o espaço de enunciação dos blogs científicos e as designações de divulgação, notícia e informação/ monitoramento, palavras centrais nos blogs analisados. Para essas análises fazemos uso de dois corpora diferentes, são eles, recorte um, a presença nos blogs da 61º Reunião Anual da SBPC e recorte dois, anúncio de início e término da pandemia de Gripe Suína ou Influenza A H1N1. Para tanto, tomamos como procedimentos de análise aqueles apresentados pela Semântica do Acontecimento, de Eduardo Guimarães e também os da Análise de discurso, de Eni Orlandi / Resumé: Cette thèse a pour but examiner la question de la Science, sa circulation, et plus particulièrement sa diffusion auprès du grand public - non expert, compte tenu des nouvelles technologies de l'information et de la communication, nous analysons les blogs de vulgarisation scientifique de l'Anneau des Blogs Scientifiques de l'Université de São Paulo. Par conséquent, nous proposons une analyse de l'auctorialité des blogs de vulgarisation scientifique, de l'espace d'énonciation des blogs scientifiques et des désignations vulgarisation, nouvelles et information / surveillance, mots centraux dans les blogs analysés. Pour cette analyse, nous utilisons deux corpora différents.Ce sont: coupure un, la présence de blogs dans la 61 ème Réunion Annuelle de la SBPC et coupure deux, l'annonce du début et de la fin de la pandémie de la grippe porcine, ou grippe A H1N1. Nous nous appuions sur les procédures qui sont présentées dans la Sémantique de l'Evénement, d'Eduardo Guimarães et également celles de l'Analyse de Discours, d' Eni Orlandi / Abstract: This thesis proposes to consider the question of science, its circulation and more specifically its dissemination to the general public - not expert, considering the New Technologies of Communication and Information, we analyze the scientific dissemination blogs of the Ring of Science Blogs at USP. Therefore, we propose an analysis of authorship on scientific dissemination blogs, of the enunciation space of scientific dissemination blogs and the designation of dissemination, news and information/ monitoring, central words on the analyzed blogs. For this analysis we use two different corpora, they are: snip number one, the presence of blogs in 61th Annual Meeting of SBPC, and snip number two, the announcing of the beginning and the end of the swine flu pandemic, or influenza A H1N1. Aiming that, we review procedures as those presented by the Semantic of the Event, by Eduardo Guimarães and also the Discourse Analysis, by Eni Orlandi / Doutorado / Linguistica / Doutor em Linguística

Orientador: Eduardo Roberto Junqueira Guimarães / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-19T23:36:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Santos_GabrielLeopoldinodos_M.pdf: 1352813 bytes, checksum: 9c31f19ac54bfcc65a12af093250be46 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: Neste trabalho de pesquisa objetivamos compreender a constituição e o funcionamento da designação do nome "português" em um espaço de enunciação particular da América Latina: a região do Rio da Prata, na Argentina. Mais especificamente, objetivamos compreender as determinações históricas e políticas que incidem sobre a constituição dos sentidos do nome "português" em um espaço de enunciação cuja língua oficial, ou que funciona como tal, não é o português. Assim, nosso corpus foi constituído por um conjunto de entrevistas feitas com alunos e professores do curso superior de Professorado em Português da Universidad Nacional de Entre Ríos (UNER), localizada na província de Entre Ríos, Argentina. Tendo em vista nosso objetivo de pesquisa e nosso material de análise, trabalhamos com a hipótese de que as metáforas de "português" determinavam a constituição e o funcionamento da designação desse nome nesse espaço de enunciação. Mobilizando, então, o dispositivo teórico-metodológico da semântica histórica da enunciação, desenvolvemos uma reflexão de natureza teórico-analítica em torno do modo como compreendemos o funcionamento enunciativo da metáfora e de como esse funcionamento determina a constituição da designação do nome "português" nos acontecimentos enunciativos que tomamos para análise. Uma das compreensões importantes que esta pesquisa permite ter é a da distribuição normativa e desigual das línguas no espaço de enunciação latino-americano. Em outras palavras, ao estudarmos os sentidos de "português" nessa porção da América Latina, foi possível observar que a política de línguas (tal como esse conceito é trabalhado aqui, a partir de Orlandi (2007b)) se estrutura pelo litígio característico do real das línguas em relação. Como efeitos dessa política, por um lado, temos a exclusão de algumas línguas, e de seus falantes, de seus direitos de simbolizar o real e, por outro, temos instalados os diferentes modos de essas línguas excluídas, bem como de esses sujeitos-falantes excluídos, afirmarem o seu pertencimento ao espaço de enunciação latino-americano / Abstract: In this research work we have aimed to understand the constitution and the functioning of the designation of the name "Portuguese" in a particular space of enunciation in Latin America: the region of the River Plate, in Argentina. More specifically, we have aimed to understand the historical and political determinations that affect the constitution of the senses (sens, in French; sentidos, in Portuguese) of the name "Portuguese" in a space of enunciation whose official language is not Portuguese. Our corpus consisted of a series of interviews with students and teachers from the Profesorado en Portugués (major in Portuguese as a Foreign Language) of the National University of Entre Ríos, located in the province of Entre Ríos, Argentina. Given the objectives of this research and our analysis material, we have worked with the hypothesis that the metaphors of "Portuguese" determined the constitution and the functioning of the designation of this name in the space of enunciation studied here. Taking the Historical Semantics of the Enunciation for granted, we have developed a theoretical-analytical reflection about the way we understand the enunciative functioning of the metaphor and how this functioning determines the constitution of the designation of the name "Portuguese" in the enunciative events we have analyzed. This research allows us to understand, among other things, the normative and uneven distribution of the languages in the Latin American space of enunciation. In other words, by studying the senses of "Portuguese" in this part of Latin America, it was observed that the politics of languages (as this concept is conceived by Orlandi (2007b)) is structured by a litigious dispute that characterizes the real of languages in relation. As effects of such dispute, on one hand, we can state that some languages, as well as its speakers, are excluded from its rights to symbolize the real and, on the other hand, this exclusion sets the scene for the different ways by which these excluded languages affirm its belonging to the space of enunciation of Latin America / Mestrado / Linguistica / Mestre em Linguística

Cette thèse porte sur la valeur et le fonctionnement de la spatialité dans la poésie baudelairienne. Il s’agit surtout du procédé d’encadrement qui permet paradoxalement de produire dans son sein l’impression de profondeur, ce que Baudelaire appelle "l’infini dans le fini". Un de nos enjeux consiste à démontrer la place majeure qu’occupe cette esthétique dialectique dans sa poésie entre 1857 et 1863 en particulier, période où sont composés la deuxième édition des Fleurs du Mal et la plupart des Petits Poèmes en prose. Notre travail s’articule en trois parties qui analysent différents aspects de l’espace poétique. La première analyse l’effet visuel de la mise en page des Fleurs du Mal, avec le blanc qui marque la division du poème en parties, la ligne de blanc, les marges, les signes de ponctuation. Ce qui nous conduit à la question de la spatialité textuelle du poème en prose. Dans la deuxième partie, l’analyse porte, surtout dans Le Spleen de Paris, sur une autre spatialité, celle qu’ouvre la représentation des objets récurrents d’encadrement comme le cadre, l’horloge, la fenêtre ou les yeux. Enfin, la dernière partie ajoute à ces deux dimensions de l’espace celle qui concerne l’instance de discours, pour le traitement de laquelle nous recourons à l’analyse linguistique et pragmatique. Ainsi, cette thèse vise à mettre en évidence l’existence d’une homologie associant, sous le même signe de "l’infini dans le fini", des composants aussi essentiels que différents (typographie, thématique et énonciation) de la poésie baudelairienne entre 1857 et 1863. / This thesis deals with the value and functioning of spatiality in the poetry of Baudelaire. Its principal focus is on a type of framing that, paradoxically, makes it possible to produce the impression of depth: what Baudelaire called "l'infini dans le fini". One of its aims is to demonstrate the importance of this dialectic aesthetic in the poetry that he composed between 1857 and 1863: the period, notably, of the second edition of the Fleurs du Mal and most of the Petits Poèmes en Prose. The work is organized into three parts, each of which analyzes a different aspect of poetic space. The first analyzes the visual effect of the layout of the Fleurs du Mal, with the white space that marks the division of the poem into parts, the white line, the margins, and the use of punctuation. This leads us to the question of the textual spatiality of the prose poem. The analysis in the second part, which focuses mainly on Le Spleen de Paris, bears on another spatiality: that which is opened up by the recurring representation of framing objects such as frames, clocks, windows, and eyes. Finally, the third section adds a third dimension of space, this one involving the instance of discourse, using linguistic and pragmatic analysis. Thus, this thesis aims to bring to light a homology that links together elements of Baudelaire's poetry between 1857 and 1863 that are as essential as they are varied—typography, thematic material, and enunciation—in the evocation of "l'infini dans le fini".

Cette thèse se propose d’étudier l’énonciation poétique dans les Poemetti de Giovanni Pascoli. Dans le cadre d’une poésie narrative qui ménage une très large part au discours rapporté, multipliant ainsi les sujets de l’énonciation, le sujet poétique se constitue dans une polyphonie qui, loin d’être l’apanage du roman, interroge aussi bien les formes de narration traditionnelles que le modèle monologique lyrique. Alors que les voix qui traversent ses recueils les plus étudiés, Myricae et Canti di Castelvecchio, participent au développement d’une réflexion métalinguistique comme en témoigne le titre de l’essai fondateur de G. Contini, « Il linguaggio di Pascoli », les voix présentes dans les Poemetti attirent l’attention sur la fonction métadiscursive de la poésie. C’est en s’inscrivant dans un discours partagé et collectif que le sujet biographique et allégorique peut se constituer et échapper au sentiment d’égarement et de solitude qui le définit. Le sujet cherche alors dans la collectivité des voix familiales ou communautaires, locales ou nationales, une réponse au sentiment d’exclusion qui l’habite, en particulier dans la communauté familiale autarcique et idéale du « roman géorgique ». Parler de polyphonie ou d’une forme de dialogisme dans le cadre d’un epos ou dans celui d’une poésie lyrique pourrait paraître paradoxal. L’epos reposerait en effet sur une vision du monde commune aux personnages, au narrateur, et au lecteur. Le lyrisme se fonderait sur l’expression d’une subjectivité individuelle et intime. C’est sans compter sur la volonté de Pascoli de faire de sa voix poétique un point d’orgue entre l’individuel et le collectif. Il veut en effet s’adresser à tous, jusque dans sa poésie autobiographique. La polyphonie qui traduit le rapport que le sujet individuel entretient avec le collectif définit le sujet comme étant toujours et déjà pluriel. Le poète invente alors avec le poemetto un genre novateur qui mêle à la narration d’une histoire commune propre à l’epos, la mise en question de la subjectivité propre au lyrisme. / This thesis aims to study poetic enunciation in Giovanni Pascoli’s Poemetti. Within the framework of a narrative poetry that gives ample space to reported speech, thus multiplying enunciatory subjects, the constitution of the poetic subject occurs via a polyphony which, far from being the prerogative of the novel, interrogates both traditional narrative forms and the monological lyrical model. The title of G. Contini’s foundational essay, « Il linguaggio di Pascoli », indicates that the voices that are heard in Pascoli’s most studied collections, Myricae and Canti di Castelvecchio, participate to the development of a metalinguistic process ; however, the voices that occur in the Poemetti draw attention to poetry’s metadiscursive function. It is its inscription within a shared, collective discourse that enables the biographical and allegorical subject to constitute itself and to overcome the feelings of bewilderment and solitude that define it. The subject then searches for an answer to the feeling of exclusion that haunts him in the collectiveness of family or community voices, either local or national, and especially in the autarkic and ideal family community of the “georgic novel”. It might seem paradoxical to emphasize polyphony and a form of dialogism in the context of an epos, or of lyrical poetry. The epos should indeed presuppose a world-view that is common to the characters, the author and the reader. Lyricism, on the other hand, should be founded upon the expression of an individual and intimate subjectivity. But we should not discount Pascoli’s will to fuse the singular and the collective in his poetic voice. Even his autobiographical poetry is indeed addressed to all. The polyphony, which expresses the individual subject’s relation to the collectivity, defines the subject as being initially and irrevocably plural. Thus the poemetto appears to be an innovative genre that combines the narration of a common story, characteristic of the epos, with the questioning of subjectivy that is specific to lyricism.

L’œuvre romanesque d’Édouard Glissant propose une exploration, ample et rigoureuse, de quelques problèmes majeurs affectant ce qu’il appelle « les humanités ». Dès ce pluriel (qui préfère à « l’humanité » – sans doute trop singulière – le pluriel que commande la diversité des expériences, des lieux et des cultures) Glissant affirme la place centrale qui revient à la Relation dans son œuvre et sa pensée. Envisagée sous l’angle des mouvements et errements des peuples du monde, cette Relation est décrite à travers des phénomènes divers tels que l’histoire raturée des esclaves dans les Amériques ; l’émergence des sociétés créolisées, portant le témoignage d’une vérité anthropologique qui les dépasse ; ou encore les rapports de ces réalités nouvelles avec les formes de récits qui les accompagnent. Or, l’une des forces du roman glissantien est d’ancrer l’exploration de ces problèmes dans une écriture qui s’interroge sans cesse sur ses propres moyens et modes d’énonciation. La place réservée au problème de l’oubli comme rature de l’histoire ainsi qu’aux phénomènes de répétition, de la forme fragmentaire et de l’énonciation-relais révèle une œuvre qui inscrit dans sa forme énonciative la clé des enjeux qu’elle se propose d’élucider. C’est cette hypothèse que le présent travail vérifie. Ce faisant, il s’agit de contribuer aussi bien aux recherches menées en sémiotique énonciative qu’en littérature française contemporaine. / Édouard Glissant’s novel is an ample and compelling exploration of some major issues regarding what he terms “humanities”. Already the plural form (which replaces “humanity”, with its undertones of oneness) conveys a sense of diversity of experiences, of places and cultures. Thus Glissant stresses the central role assigned to the concept of Relation in his work and thought. Considered under the perspective of the movements and ills of the world’s peoples, Relation is described through such phenomena as the crossed-out history of slaves in the Americas, the emergence of creolized societies (which bear an anthropological truth valid for all), or the relationship between these new realities and the forms of narrative that account for them. Interestingly, one strength of Glissant’s novel is that it explores these issues through a narrative which constantly examines its own means and ways of enunciation. This can be seen through the role devolved to forgetfulness resulting from the crossing out of history, as well as through phenomena such as repetitions, the novel’s fragmentary form or relayed-enunciations. With these phenomena, Glissant’s work engraves in its enunciation system a key to understanding the issues it explores. That is the hypothesis verified in the present work. The latter aspires to be a contribution to research in semiotics of enunciation as well as in contemporary French literature.

Ce travail soutient la thèse selon laquelle l'intuition entre en jeu dans l'acquisition de savoirs et, plus particulièrement, dans l'appropriation d'une langue naturelle comme le français, langue étrangère. Il traite en premier lieu de l'aspect épistémologique de l'intuition en s'attachant à montrer l'importance de cette notion dans différents domaines scientifiques tels que la psychologie, les mathématiques et la philosophie, et ce, dans le but de relever les caractéristiques intrinsèques de l'intuition – immédiateté, inexplicabilité, assurance, jugement perceptif, modèles répertoriés, etc. En second lieu, sont sollicitées les sciences du langage et, plus précisément, la linguistique et la didactique, l’objectif étant d'observer le rôle essentiel que l'intuition y joue. Les caractéristiques dégagées en première partie permettent de les confronter aux concepts linguistiques et didactiques, et d'aboutir à la conclusion que l'intuition participe à la faculté de langage et facilite l'appropriation de toute langue naturelle en se manifestant, notamment, à tous les niveaux linguistiques. Multiforme et variable en degré, elle apparaît alors comme la capacité de juger de la grammaticalité et/ou de l'acceptabilité d'un élément langagier sans recours conscient à des connaissances en langue. Ainsi, l'intuition est un mécanisme cognitif qui permet de reconnaître et de (re)construire les schèmes langagiers de façon inconsciente en s’appuyant sur l'observation et sur l'expérience, ce, afin d'enrichir un répertoire de modèles langagiers. C'est grâce à ce mécanisme qu'elle participe pleinement à l'acquisition d'un savoir et notamment à l'appropriation d'une langue naturelle. / This work claims that intuition takes part in the acquisition of knowledge and, in particular, in the appropriation of a natural language such as French as a foreign language. First, it deals with the epistemological aspect of intuition, by attempting to show the importance of this notion in various scientific fields such as psychology, mathematics and philosophy. The aim is to determine the intrinsic characteristics of intuition, such as immediacy, inexplicability, insurance, perceptual judgment, listed patterns, etc. Secondly, language sciences are holistically examined and, more specifically, linguistics and didactics, aiming to observe the essential role intuition plays within it. The distinctive features established in the first part enable to test their relevance to the linguistic and didactic concepts. This leads to the conclusion that intuition takes part in the faculty of language and facilitates the appropriation of any natural language while appearing on all linguistic levels. Being multiform and variable in scale and scope, intuition appears as the capacity to judge the grammaticality and/or the acceptability of a linguistic particle without any conscious use of language knowledge. Therefore, intuition is an unconscious cognitive mechanism that serves to recognise and to (re)build the language patterns, relying on observation and experience, in order to enrich a repertoire of language patterns. It is through this cognitive mechanism that intuition fully participates in the acquisition of knowledge, including the appropriation of a natural language.

This dissertation aims at analyzing texts written by Clarice Lispector according to the theory of Authier-Revuz and relating the findings of such analysis to theories about the feminine. The corpuses of this work are texts from the book A descoberta do mundo ( The discovery of the world ) by Clarice Lispector on which there is a set of texts that have been published on newspaper. The theoretical implications that have been used were the Enunciation Linguistics, most specifically the theory of the heterogeneity(ies) of Authier-Revuz, and the freudian-lacanian psychoanalysis. Authier-Revuz distinguishes shown heterogeneity from constituted heterogeneity. The shown heterogeneity is classified in many forms of linguistic marks on the text which point to this heterogeneity. The psychoanalysis shows that the feminine takes the place of representing the significant of the lacking. These associations show the characteristics of the feminine writing: enlightening some lacking. / Essa dissertação tem como objetivo analisar, segundo a teoria de Authier-Revuz, textos de Clarice Lispector e relacionar essa análise com teorias sobre o feminino. O corpus do trabalho são textos do livro A descoberta do mundo de Clarice Lispector, no qual se encontra um conjunto de textos que foram publicados em jornal. Os pressupostos teóricos utilizados foram a Lingüística da Enunciação, especificamente a teoria da(s) heterogeneidade(s) de Authier-Revuz e a psicanálise freudo-lacaniana. Authier-Revuz diferencia heterogeneidade mostrada e heterogeneidade constituída. A heterogeneidade mostrada é classificada em diversas formas de marcas lingüísticas no texto que denunciam essa heterogeneidade. A psicanálise mostra que o feminino está no lugar de representar o significante da falta. Essas associações mostram as características da escrita feminina: transparecer uma falta.

This work is inserted in the research area of Enunciation and Genre and its purpose is to analyze two aspects: the sense of signs based on the Bakhtin s enunciative theory and the relations of genre perceived in romantic pop songs, with focus on the representation of feminine identity. Besides the lyrics, the corpus of the research is constituted by enunciations of students from two schools. The methodology consists of analysis of the theme and the signification of words selected from the songs, which was made with the support of dictionaries on Portuguese language added by the students written enunciation. Throughout the research, it was possible to notice that it is not possible to attribute, to the signs, only meanings that are present in dictionaries, given that the dialogic relation between subjects, formulated by Bakhtin, reveals senses that only can be perceived when the subject puts the language in action. It was also possible to verify that, although the socio-cultural theories of genre have contributed to the decrease of prejudice in relation to women, linguistically, there are still sexist differentiations. / Este trabalho insere-se na linha de pesquisa Enunciação e Gênero e tem, como propósito, analisar dois aspectos: o sentido dos signos com base na teoria enunciativa de Bakhtin e as relações de gênero percebidas em canções pop românticas, com enfoque na representação da identidade feminina. Além das letras de música, o corpus da pesquisa é constituído pelas enunciações de alunos oriundos de duas escolas. A metodologia consiste na análise do tema e da significação de vocábulos selecionados das canções, a qual foi feita com o auxílio de dicionários da língua portuguesa acrescida da enunciação escrita dos alunos. Pela pesquisa, foi possível constatar que não é possível atribuir, aos signos, apenas significados elencados em dicionários, visto que a relação dialógica entre sujeitos, formulada por Bakhtin, revela sentidos que somente podem ser percebidos quando o sujeito coloca a língua em ação.Também foi possível verificar que, embora as teorias sócio-culturais de gênero tenham contribuído para que o preconceito com relação às mulheres diminuísse, lingüísticamente, ainda existem diferenciações sexistas.

Ce travail se propose de saisir les mécanismes langagiers qui permettent de rendre compte du sens dans les romans de Daniel Biayaoula, Fatou Diome et Léonora Miano. L’analyse du discours est l’approche autour de laquelle s’articule notre recherche. L’oeuvre romanesque repose sur une hétérogénéité d’indices que l’énonciation permet de relever pour mieux examiner son organisation. Dès lors, notre étude se divise en deux parties. Le premier point a pour thème, « La scène d’énonciation : motif révélateur du fonctionnement de la société ». Il analyse les éléments du discours en rapport avec le contexte social, culturel, littéraire et politique de l’Afrique et de la France. Il ressort de là que les personnages sont assujettis par les pratiques coutumières, religieuses et culturelles actualisées dans l’espace romanesque. La deuxième partie s’intitule « Le mode d’inscription énonciatif des personnages dans le tissu textuel » et elle s’intéresse particulièrement aux dispositifs de communication qui déterminent les caractéristiques des personnages. A partir d’éléments langagiers, la présente section se propose de voir à partir de l’organisation des structures textuelles, comment l’énonciation définit les personnages. / This work aims at dispalying the language mechanisms used by Daniel Biyaoula, Fatou Diome and Léonora Miano in their novels in order to convey the meaning. It higens on the discourse analysis. The work of fiction lies a diversity of clues that the enunciation underlines and helps better examine the organization.Therefore, our study is divided into parts. The first theme is, « The scene of enunciation: pattern indicative of the functioning of society ». It analyzes the elements of speech in connection with the social, cultural, literary and political context of Africa and France. It appears from this that the characters are subjected by customary, religious and cultural practrice updated in the space in the novel. The second part is entitled « The enunciative registration method of the characters in the textual frabric » and it is particularly interested in communication devices that determine the characteristics of thecharacters. From language elements, this section proposes to see from the organization of textual structures, how the enunciation defines the characters.