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Validation of the Forensic Assessment Interview TechniqueGordon, Nathan J. 30 November 2004 (has links)
This research paper has examined the validity of the Forensic Assessment Interview Technique (FAINT). FAINT is a specific interview process - accepted and in current use - integrating the works of this researcher with the works of John Reid, Richard Arther, and Avinoam Sapir. The FAINT technique involves the evaluation of nonverbal behavior, projective analysis of unwitting verbal cues, and statement analysis. The fundamental hypothesis of FAINT is that truthful and deceptive criminal suspects differ demonstrably in their nonverbal, verbal and written communication, when asked to respond to a structured format of interview questions.
FAINT maintains that these differences are observable and can be quantified to allow forensic interviewers to make accurate determinations of a suspect's involvement in a crime. This research has examined the validity of the technique as measured by a traditional, unweighted 3 point scale and a weighted scoring system (an issue being researched in this paper) comparatively used for determining truth or deception. This dissertation reports the results of both scoring systems, as well as a comparison between them and the historically used Behavioral Analysis Interview (BAI) that was developed by John E. Reid. / Criminology / MA (Criminology)
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Conflicted custody: the unfolding of a professional problem-determined systemFasser, Robyn Lesley 01 1900 (has links)
With the maturation of the child custody investigative process, the role of investigators and
the process of these investigations have come under increasing scrutiny. The investigators are
expected to be objective, neutral, and professional while following procedures that conform to
model standards. However, this assumption of a lack of bias has been largely overlooked in the
literature regarding the investigative process. It is assumed that investigators should
self-monitor to ensure that their stance is objective and neutral. Furthermore, this position of
neutrality and objectivity is assumed to be intuitive and natural.
By using a case study, this thesis investigates and describes the process of a child custody
investigation predicated on a constructivist epistemology. It highlights the impossibility of any
investigator to be objective and neutral in any investigation automatically, regardless of the
procedures and methods employed. The thesis highlights the participant observer status of
investigators. An aim of the thesis is thus to sensitise investigators to this inevitable
vulnerability with the expectation that such an awareness may allow investigators to establish
processes to render investigations consciously more balanced, considered, and transparent.
A further aim is to describe a child custody evaluation from an eco-systemic perspective by
contextualising the investigation in the larger ecosystem to which it belongs. This description
includes the investigation as part of an evolving
problem-determined system. An awareness of this wider and evolving context may enable investigators
to approximate a position of objectivity and neutrality more effectively. It may also act as an
inoculation against the ‘contamination’ of the investigator by the investigative system.
With the maturation of the child custody investigative process, the role of investigators and
the process of these investigations have come under increasing scrutiny. The investigators
are expected to be objective, neutral, and professional while following procedures that
conform to model standards. However, this assumption of a lack of bias has been largely
overlooked in the literature regarding the investigative process. It is assumed that
investigators should self-monitor to ensure that their stance is objective and neutral.
Furthermore, this position of neutrality and objectivity is assumed to be intuitive and
natural.
By using a case study, this thesis investigates and describes the process of a child
custody investigation predicated on a constructivist epistemology. It highlights the
impossibility of any investigator to be objective and neutral in any investigation
automatically, regardless of the procedures and methods employed. The thesis highlights
the participant observer status of investigators. An aim of the thesis is thus to sensitise
investigators to this inevitable vulnerability with the expectation that such an awareness
may allow investigators to establish processes to render investigations consciously more
balanced, considered, and transparent.
A further aim is to describe a child custody evaluation from an eco-systemic
perspective by contextualising the investigation in the larger ecosystem to which it
belongs. This description includes the investigation as part of an evolving
problem-determined system. An awareness of this wider and evolving context may enable
investigators to approximate a position of objectivity and neutrality more effectively. It
may also act as an inoculation against the ‘contamination’ of the investigator by the
investigative system.
xviii
In South Africa, we have yet to formulate a document that establishes a model
standard of practice or specific, dedicated training in this area. This thesis identifies what
could be included in both areas (in addition to the expected protocols and procedures) by
describing the investigator’s position as an expert learner, rather than just an ‘expert’. In
line with current literature, it highlights the benefits of thinking consciously and in a
considered manner. Furthermore, it indicates the benefits of a team approach to
investigations, which could be considered an area for further investigation.
In South Africa, we have yet to formulate a document that establishes a model standard of practice
or specific, dedicated training in this area. This thesis identifies what could be included in both
areas (in addition to the expected protocols and procedures) by describing the investigator’s
position as an expert learner, rather than just an ‘expert’. In line with current literature, it
highlights the benefits of thinking consciously and in a considered manner. Furthermore, it
indicates the benefits of a team approach to investigations, which could be considered an area for
further investigation. / Psychology / D. LITT et. Phil. ( Psychology)
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Anatomia social de um crime em família - estudo psicossocial sobre a dialética dos discursos e representações sobre família, afetos, homens e mortes / Anatomy of a social crime in the family: psychosocial study on the dialectis of discourses and representations about family affections, human and deathsSandra Maria Patricio Ribeiro 28 August 2001 (has links)
O presente estudo versa sobre os discursos policial, jurídico, psiquiátrico e jornalístico produzidos acerca de um jovem, autor de um quíntuplo homicídio em família (patri-matri-fratricídio). O dossier sobre o caso, e ainda mais três explicações para a conduta violenta, oriundas do campo psi, foram analisados a partir da arqueologia, genealogia e ética foucaultianas visando esclarecer os motivos e os modos de construção destes discursos. O estudo permitiu constatar que as diferentes instâncias sociais solidarizaram-se para forjar uma representação do homicida compatível com o consagrado modelo da psicopatia - a ausência de remorsos, a incapacidade para a empatia, a frieza afetiva e a insensibilidade moral; também, que produções do campo psi prestam-se a dar referendo científico às conclusões sociais que retratam os homicidas como seres malignos, portadores de aberrações biológicas que os incapacitam a desenvolver adequadamente a afetividade e a moralidade, condenando-os aos atos criminosos violentos. Estas constatações, discutidas pelo prisma das contradições da sociedade contemporânea, deixam vislumbrar parte daquilo que se obnubila por estes discursos: remetendo ao plano biológico as determinações da conduta irracional e violenta, poupa-se de crítica o ordenamento sistemático das relações sócio-econômicas. Em conclusão, apresenta-se como imperativo derivar para a ciência psi a injunção de conhecer e denunciar as interveniências dos planos individual e coletivo em toda e qualquer conduta humana - o mais irracional e violento dos crimes cometido por um homem, guarda obrigatoriamente os traços da irracionalidade e violência do sistema social que o envolve; aperceber-se deles é condição de transformá-los. / This present study considers the police, legal, psychiatric and journalistic speeches about a young man who is the author of a quintuplet family homicide (patricide-matricide-fraticide). The dossier about the case, and three explanations else for the violent behaviour from the psy area, were analysed from the archaeological, genealogical and ethical foucaultian considering to clear up the cause and way these speeches were constructed.The study has allowed to show up the different social resort to join forces to forging a representation of the murderer with the stablished model of psychopath - no remorses, the incapacity for empathy, coolness affection and moral insensibility; it is also to show that productions of the psy area are suitable for giving scientific endorsement to the social agreement that show the murderer as evil beings who are owners a such of biological aberrations that make them incapable of developing the affecting and morality and to sentence them to criminal violent actions. All these observations were talked about by the point of view of the contemporany society contradictions and they let to glimpse part of that are hided by those speeches: the systematic order of social economical relations indulgences itself of criticism when it sends the determinations of irrational and violent behaviour to the biological area. As conclusion, it shows the necessity to deduce to the psy science the obligation to knowing and denouncing the interference between individual and collective plans in all human behaviour - the most of irrational and violent crimes commited by a man hides traces of irrationality and violence of social system that involves it. The capacity of see the traces is the conditions to be able to change them.
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PERÍCIA PSICOLÓGICA E VIOLÊNCIA SEXUAL INFANTIL: conhecendo a atuação dos psicólogos no Maranhão / PSYCHOLOGICAL EXPERTISE AND CHILD SEXUAL VIOLENCE: knowing the role of psychologists in MaranhãoGAMBA, Moara de Oliveira 05 May 2015 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2015-05-05 / In addition to the various theoretical schools Psychology that are with different views of
man and world we also find various fields of activity of the psychologist. Such fields
has been expanding and specializing from the dialogue with other knowledge. In this
job highlight one of the insertion of this professional areas on the rise in Brazil, the
Forensic Psychology, specifically, the work of the psychologist in the psychological expertise with
child victims of sexual violence. The main purpose of this study, therefore, is to
meet the practice of Psychological Expertise involving child victims of sexual violence in
State of Maranhão from the perception of professionals of psychology, identifying still
the insertion of the psychologist and the dialogue between law and Psychology in this
context. It is a historical documentary research in the 1990-2014 period
with unstructured interviews analyzed from the method
phenomenological Psychology research proposed by Giorgi (2008). To achieve the
goals outlined, the research was based on studies of the history of psychology,
Forensic Psychology in Brazil, brazilian legislation and criminal law. Among the main
results in the analysis of the narratives we highlight the procedures adopted by the
psychological expertise, recognized as pioneers in Brazil, the need of expansion of
number of professionals and qualification of the same and the criticism of the "Testimony without damage.
Thus the considerations presented are relevant to the emergence of new studies
and reflections on the subject. / Además de las distintas escuelas teóricas psicología con diferentes puntos de vista de
hombre y mundo también encontramos varios campos de la actividad del psicólogo. Los campos de
ha sido ampliando y especializando en el diálogo con otros conocimientos. En este
punto culminante del trabajo de la inserción de esta áreas profesionales en aumento en Brasil, la
Psicología forense, específicamente, el trabajo del psicólogo en los conocimientos psicológicos con
niños víctimas de violencia sexual. El objetivo principal de este estudio, por lo tanto, es
cumplir con la práctica de la pericia psicológica en niños víctimas de violencia sexual en
Estado de Maranhão desde la percepción de los profesionales de la psicología, identificar todavía
la inserción de la psicología y el diálogo entre el derecho y la psicología en este
contexto. Es una investigación documental histórica en el periodo 1990-2014
con entrevistas no estructuradas analizan por el método
investigación fenomenológica de la psicología propuesta por Giorgi (2008). Para lograr la
objetivos descritos, la investigación se basó en estudios de la historia de la psicología,
Psicología forense en Brasil, la legislación brasileña y derecho penal. Entre las principales
resultados en el análisis de las narrativas se destacan los procedimientos adoptados por la
conocimientos psicológicos, reconocidos como pioneros en el Brasil, la necesidad de expansión de
número de profesionales y calificación de los mismos y la crítica del "testimonio sin daño.
Así las consideraciones que se presentan son relevantes a la aparición de nuevos estudios
y reflexiones sobre el tema. / Na Psicologia além das diversas escolas teóricas que a constituem com diferentes visões de
homem e mundo encontramos também vários campos de atuação do psicólogo. Tais campos
vem se expandindo e se especializando a partir do diálogo com outros saberes. No presente
trabalho destacaremos uma das áreas de inserção deste profissional em ascensão no Brasil, a
Psicologia Jurídica, especificamente, o trabalho do psicólogo na perícia psicológica com
crianças vítimas de violência sexual. O objetivo principal deste trabalho, portanto, é o de
conhecer a prática da Perícia Psicológica envolvendo crianças vítimas de violência sexual no
Estado do Maranhão a partir da percepção dos profissionais da Psicologia, identificando ainda
o percurso de inserção do psicólogo e as interlocuções entre o Direito e a Psicologia nesse
contexto. Trata-se de uma pesquisa histórico-documental realizada no período de 1990-2014
com a realização de entrevistas não estruturadas analisadas a partir do método
fenomenológico de pesquisa em Psicologia proposto por Giorgi (2008). Para atingir os
objetivos delineados, a pesquisa se fundamentou em estudos sobre a história da psicologia,
psicologia jurídica no Brasil, na legislação brasileira e no direito penal. Dentre os principais
resultados encontrados na análise das narrativas destacamos os procedimentos adotados pela
perícia psicológica, reconhecidos como pioneiros no Brasil, a necessidade de ampliação do
número de profissionais e qualificação dos mesmos e as críticas ao “Depoimento sem Dano”.
Sendo assim as considerações apresentadas são relevantes para o surgimento de novos estudos
e reflexões sobre o tema.
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Hur påverkar de nya medierna allmänhetens syn på rättsväsendet? : En kvalitativ studie som genom intervjuer undersöker hur dokumentärer och poddar som berör kriminalfall påverkar allmänhetens uppfattning om rättsväsendet / How does the new media affect the public's view of the police and the judicial system? : A qualitative study that, through interviews, investigates how documentaries and podcasts concerning criminal cases affect the public's perception of the police and the judicial system.Karlsson, Jenny January 2019 (has links)
Syftet med studien var att med kvalitativ forskningsmetod undersöka vilka tankar och känslor allmänheten som brukar poddar och dokumentärer som behandlar mord- och rättegångar har kring själva tittar/lyssnarupplevelsen och hur deras förtroende för rättsväsendet påverkas efter denna konsumtion, samt undersöka hur allmänheten och polisen påverkas av negativ media om rättsväsendet/polisen ur allmänhetens synpunkt. Elva personer intervjuades och intervjudatan analyserades med tematisk analys. Resultatet visade att allmänheten påverkas av att lyssna/titta på poddar och dokumentärer om mord och/eller rättegångar på ett eller annat sätt. En del menade att förtroendet för rättsväsendet sjönk. Alla respondenterna ansåg att dessa typer av medier väckte känslor, dock var dessa känslor relativt individuella. Respondenterna hade liknande åsikter om hur polis och allmänheten påverkas av negativ media. De var överens om att de påverkar förtroendet för polisen och skadar deras arbete samt att allmänheten påverkas mer negativt än vad polisen gör. Slutsatsen är att konsumtionen av poddar och dokumentärer som behandlar mord- och rättsfall kan spela en viktig roll för att forma individers attityd och uppfattningar om rättsväsendet.
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Anatomia social de um crime em família - estudo psicossocial sobre a dialética dos discursos e representações sobre família, afetos, homens e mortes / Anatomy of a social crime in the family: psychosocial study on the dialectis of discourses and representations about family affections, human and deathsRibeiro, Sandra Maria Patricio 28 August 2001 (has links)
O presente estudo versa sobre os discursos policial, jurídico, psiquiátrico e jornalístico produzidos acerca de um jovem, autor de um quíntuplo homicídio em família (patri-matri-fratricídio). O dossier sobre o caso, e ainda mais três explicações para a conduta violenta, oriundas do campo psi, foram analisados a partir da arqueologia, genealogia e ética foucaultianas visando esclarecer os motivos e os modos de construção destes discursos. O estudo permitiu constatar que as diferentes instâncias sociais solidarizaram-se para forjar uma representação do homicida compatível com o consagrado modelo da psicopatia - a ausência de remorsos, a incapacidade para a empatia, a frieza afetiva e a insensibilidade moral; também, que produções do campo psi prestam-se a dar referendo científico às conclusões sociais que retratam os homicidas como seres malignos, portadores de aberrações biológicas que os incapacitam a desenvolver adequadamente a afetividade e a moralidade, condenando-os aos atos criminosos violentos. Estas constatações, discutidas pelo prisma das contradições da sociedade contemporânea, deixam vislumbrar parte daquilo que se obnubila por estes discursos: remetendo ao plano biológico as determinações da conduta irracional e violenta, poupa-se de crítica o ordenamento sistemático das relações sócio-econômicas. Em conclusão, apresenta-se como imperativo derivar para a ciência psi a injunção de conhecer e denunciar as interveniências dos planos individual e coletivo em toda e qualquer conduta humana - o mais irracional e violento dos crimes cometido por um homem, guarda obrigatoriamente os traços da irracionalidade e violência do sistema social que o envolve; aperceber-se deles é condição de transformá-los. / This present study considers the police, legal, psychiatric and journalistic speeches about a young man who is the author of a quintuplet family homicide (patricide-matricide-fraticide). The dossier about the case, and three explanations else for the violent behaviour from the psy area, were analysed from the archaeological, genealogical and ethical foucaultian considering to clear up the cause and way these speeches were constructed.The study has allowed to show up the different social resort to join forces to forging a representation of the murderer with the stablished model of psychopath - no remorses, the incapacity for empathy, coolness affection and moral insensibility; it is also to show that productions of the psy area are suitable for giving scientific endorsement to the social agreement that show the murderer as evil beings who are owners a such of biological aberrations that make them incapable of developing the affecting and morality and to sentence them to criminal violent actions. All these observations were talked about by the point of view of the contemporany society contradictions and they let to glimpse part of that are hided by those speeches: the systematic order of social economical relations indulgences itself of criticism when it sends the determinations of irrational and violent behaviour to the biological area. As conclusion, it shows the necessity to deduce to the psy science the obligation to knowing and denouncing the interference between individual and collective plans in all human behaviour - the most of irrational and violent crimes commited by a man hides traces of irrationality and violence of social system that involves it. The capacity of see the traces is the conditions to be able to change them.
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Validation of the Forensic Assessment Interview TechniqueGordon, Nathan J. 30 November 2004 (has links)
This research paper has examined the validity of the Forensic Assessment Interview Technique (FAINT). FAINT is a specific interview process - accepted and in current use - integrating the works of this researcher with the works of John Reid, Richard Arther, and Avinoam Sapir. The FAINT technique involves the evaluation of nonverbal behavior, projective analysis of unwitting verbal cues, and statement analysis. The fundamental hypothesis of FAINT is that truthful and deceptive criminal suspects differ demonstrably in their nonverbal, verbal and written communication, when asked to respond to a structured format of interview questions.
FAINT maintains that these differences are observable and can be quantified to allow forensic interviewers to make accurate determinations of a suspect's involvement in a crime. This research has examined the validity of the technique as measured by a traditional, unweighted 3 point scale and a weighted scoring system (an issue being researched in this paper) comparatively used for determining truth or deception. This dissertation reports the results of both scoring systems, as well as a comparison between them and the historically used Behavioral Analysis Interview (BAI) that was developed by John E. Reid. / Criminology and Security Science / MA (Criminology)
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An exploration of the intrapsychic development and personality structure of serial killers through the use of psychometric testingBarkhuizen, Jaco 12 September 2005 (has links)
The mystery surrounding serial homicide is the apparent lack of motive for the murder. No extrinsic motive such as robbery, financial gain, passion or revenge exists, as there usually is in the case of other murders. Serial homicide is a serious, worldwide problem that has received a large amount of media attention, but only a relatively small amount of scientifically based research exists on this phenomenon. Since the 1970s various models such as the psychosocial theory model, learning theory, the motivational, fantasy, neurological theory, psychiatric, post-modern, feminist and the paranormal/demonological models were used to explain the phenomenon of serial homicide. The researcher, however, states that these models do not satisfactorily address the intrapsychic/object relation development of the serial killers personality. The structure of the research project consists of analysis of the background information of two serial killers which was gathered from one semi-structured personal interview, psychometric testing (Thematic Apperception Test, Test of Object Relations and the Picture Test of Separation and Individuation) as well as from relevant literary sources. The information was interpreted using the selected psychoanalytic theory of Sigmund Freund and the object relation theory of Melanie Klein and the data was then analysed, interpreted and tested against the following research questions: “What is the intrapsychic origin of serial homicide?”; “What is the parent-child relationship like?”; “How does the parent-child relationship influence the object relations of the serial killer?”; “How does the parental relationship influence the serial killer’s interpersonal relationships?”. These questions determine the specific internalised factors that may have contributed to the eventual development of a serial killer’s personality. The research method that is employed is a qualitative, exploratory case study method. A qualitative study was selected due to the fact that there are currently not enough incarcerated serial killers in South Africa and from those incarcerated serial killers only two were willing to participate in the research. The case study method was selected because it deals with contemporary events, multiple data sources may be used and the findings can be generalised to other case studies. Data gathering was done by psychometric testing (TAT, PTSI and TOR), a semi-structured interview and other biographical information on the subjects. The data was analysed by the descriptive-dialogic case study method. The data integration method that was selected is the data integration method of the descriptive-dialogic case study method. The data was discussed in relation to the already developed theories. This implies that parallels were drawn between the processed information and the theories. Similarities and differences between the two case studies were discussed and a general overview of the intrapsychic structure of the serial killer was stated. / Dissertation (MA (Psychology))--University of Pretoria, 2006. / Psychology / unrestricted
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Developing an optimal psychological assessment procedure for determining primary care and residential placement of children in a divorce disputeSwanepool, Henk Johan January 2013 (has links)
Thesis (PhD. (Clinical & Applied Psychology)) --University of Limpopo, 2013 / This study aims at developing an optimal psychological assessment procedure for determining primary residence allocation for children whose parents are divorcing. The research consisted of two studies: the first study focused on “translating” 13 identified legal constructs formulated by Justice King for safeguarding the best interests of children and the identification of suitable psychometric instruments that can be used to determine how effectively a particular family is functioning. These 13 legal constructs were converted into psychological constructs by three independent clinical psychologists. Following this a psychological assessment procedure for children and parents within a divorce context was developed incorporating the newly developed psychological constructs.
The 2nd phase consisted of a sample of 39 families (26 families in the experimental group and 13 families in the control group). Six months later after primary placement the families were followed up in order to determine the psychological “health” of the families concerned using the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (RSE); Index of Family Relations (IFR); Eyberg Child Behaviour Inventory (ECBI) and the Family Assessment Device (FAD). The means obtained from both the experimental and control groups were compared using the MANOVA analysis.
The results from the RSE concluded that the self-esteem of children in the experimental group, improved significantly to those in the control group. The IFR indicated that families in the experimental group had improved significantly at resolving family problems. According to the ECBI the children in the experimental group with behavioural problems improved significantly after primary placement. In all children in the control group did not improve significantly. The Family Assessment Device therefore indicated significant family cohesion. In summary the results indicate that the families in the experimental group were functioning at a higher level in comparison to the control group six months after primary placement.
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Cultural Consultations in Criminal Forensic Psychology:A Thematic Analysis of the LiteratureRadosteva, Alesya 14 September 2018 (has links)
No description available.
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