Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T19:59:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Alexandre Goncalves Pereira.pdf: 920270 bytes, checksum: b74d5a26245b74e2ce72895710738b72 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-08-11 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The research investigates Guimarães Rosa s mythical speech through the construction of the mythical character, according to Campbell s model of the monomyth. The corpus adopted is the short story A Hora e Vez de Augusto Matraga. It also focuses the sources of the literary creation in which the author got his inspiration to conceive a character that although he symbolizes a man from Brazilian backlands, transcends the documental record, the ascension to the condition of mythical hero through the adventures and the search of the salvation of his soul. We started from the hypothesis of that the construction of the mythical character, according to the diagram of the monomyth, besides being an indelible features of identification of the myth in Rosa s fiction, also clarifies the importance of the metaphysical religious worries of the author about the conception of his work, because the hero of the monomyth shows, during his trajectory, features of rituals of initiation. The aspect of initiation of the trajectory of the mythological hero reveals the holy meaning of the myth of the hero: this one symbolizes the divine potential in human being who only can be developed due to a project of ascetic life and of a heroic ethos. Identifying the archetype of the mythological hero in creation of the character Augusto Matraga, according to the key of reading of the monomyth, we identify the meeting among myth, religion and literature in the work of an author who transcended the documental regionalism, as a result of the creation of the myth of the spiritual asceticism of a character in the heart of the backlands of the North of Minas Gerais / A pesquisa investiga a realização do discurso mítico rosiano por meio da construção da personagem mítica, segundo o modelo campbelliano do monomito. O corpus adotado é o conto A Hora e Vez de Augusto Matraga. Enfoca, também, as fontes da criação literária em que o autor se inspirou para conceber uma personagem que, a despeito de representar um homem do sertão brasileiro, transcende ao registro documental, ao ascender à condição de herói mítico por meio das peripécias, da trajetória de aventuras e pela busca da salvação de sua alma. Partimos da hipótese de que a construção da personagem mítica, de acordo com o diagrama do monomito, além de ser um traço indelével de identificação do mito na ficção rosiana, também esclarece a importância das preocupações metafísico-religiosas do autor para a concepção de sua obra, pois o herói do monomito apresenta, em sua trajetória, traços de rituais de iniciação. O caráter iniciático da trajetória do herói mitológico revela o sentido sagrado do mito do herói: este emblematiza o potencial divino no ser humano que só pode ser desenvolvido em razão de um projeto de vida ascética e de um ethos heróico. Identificando o modelo arquetípico do herói mitológico na criação da personagem Augusto Matraga, segundo a chave de leitura do monomito, identifica-se o encontro entre mito, religião e literatura na obra de um autor que transcendeu o regionalismo documental, em virtude da criação do mito da ascese espiritual de uma personagem no âmago do sertão norte-mineiro

Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-27T13:47:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Elias Mayer Vergara.pdf: 1579647 bytes, checksum: f936462ff4df46e87fe2ac082592fe0e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-02-28 / Genesis 3 will be approached here as a Hebrew myth and will serve as a case study in which we seek to show that psychoanalysis offers a different view in the understanding of the polysemy that exists in myths. According to anthropology and psychology, myths carry the human archetypes. These are couched in symbolic language and open up the polysemy of the myths. In the myth of Genesis 3, sin and the fall are significants resultant from a monosemic hermeneutic that has dogmatically legitimated the existence of the priest and of the church. The symbolic element of the serpent representative of a divinity competes with the divinity Yahweh through a transgressive project which is victorious and liberates the human beings to go beyond the garden. It is outside of this logic that the first sexual relationship between Adam and Eve occurs. In this way they have the pleasure of completing each other and becoming creative Gods. In a new focus derived from a polissemic reading, Eve s transgression can supply the archetypal energy necessary for a prophetic vocation awakening the heroic self that exists in all mankind. It is in the interval between great powers that the human being exercises freedom and makes himself divine. / Gênesis 3 será tomado, aqui, como um mito hebraico que servirá para uma análise de caso, onde se busca comprovar que a psicanálise tem um olhar diferenciado para entender a polissemia existente nos mitos. Os mitos, segundo o que é aceito pela antropologia e psicologia, carregam consigo os arquétipos humanos, que, configurados por uma linguagem simbólica, abrem a sua polissemia. No mito de Gênesis 3, pecado e queda são significados resultantes de uma hermenêutica monossêmica, que tem legitimado dogmaticamente a existência do sacerdote e da Igreja que o sustenta. O elemento simbólico serpente , representativo de uma divindade, compete com a divindade Iahweh, através de um projeto transgressor, que, vitorioso, liberta os seres humanos para além do jardim. É fora desta lógica que ocorre a primeira relação sexual entre Adão e Eva, que assim degustam o prazer de se completarem, tornando-se assim também Deuses criadores. A transgressão, novo foco de sentido encontrado pela leitura polissêmica, pode fornecer a energia arquetípica necessária para a vocação profética, e para despertar o ser heróico que habita em todos os humanos. É no intervalo entre os grandes poderes que o ser humano exercita a liberdade e diviniza o seu ser.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:39:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 luisa.pdf: 419235 bytes, checksum: eafeb45127c76780927c176a14608150 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-05-11 / The aim of this dissertation is to analyze the symbolical trajectory of Buffy, the Vampire Slayer, a character created by Joss Whedon in the 1990s. The show which tells Buffy s story consists of 144 episodes, which where considered a ratings phenomenon in many countries. In order to reach this objective, all 144 episodes were watched and schematized in summaries, which made it possible to identify and discriminate significant events, images and sequences in the composition of Buffy and her journey. The themes that seemed to be relevant at this point were closely related to the hero s archetype, which is the motivator of the process of the development of consciousness. Therefore, the analysis is based on C. G. Jung s concepts of analytical psychology and on Joseph Campbell s study of the heroic cycle. Buffy is regarded as a contemporary image of the hero s archetype. Throughout her journey, she was faced with seven challenges of growing complexity, which called for deep transformation and encompassed the formation of the persona, the withdrawal of projections, and the process of making aspects of shadow and animus conscious and integrated. Her trajectory is crowned with the possibility of transforming herself as well as her surroundings. In the first six confrontations, Buffy finds a way to save the world, but in the last (the seventh), she transforms it. In addition, vampire symbolism, serial characters and aspects pertaining to mass culture are discussed and interrelated / Esta dissertação tem como objetivo a análise simbólica da trajetória de Buffy A Caça-Vampiros, personagem criada por Joss Whedon na década de 1990. O seriado que relata sua história é composto por 144 episódios, que foram considerados fenômeno de audiência em diversos países. Para a consecução desse objetivo, os 144 episódios foram assistidos e mapeados para a elaboração de sinopses, o que permitiu identificar e discriminar eventos, imagens e seqüências significativas na composição da personagem Buffy e sua jornada. A aproximação desse tema remete ao arquétipo do herói motivador do processo de desenvolvimento da consciência. A análise, portanto, está referenciada nos conceitos da psicologia analítica de C. G. Jung e no estudo do ciclo heróico desenvolvido por Joseph Campbell. Buffy é compreendida como uma imagem contemporânea do arquétipo do herói que, no decorrer de sua jornada, foi confrontada com sete desafios de complexidade crescente. Transformações intensas foram requisitadas e compreenderam a formação da persona, a retirada de projeções, a conscientização e integração de aspectos da sombra e do animus. A trajetória de Buffy é coroada com a possibilidade de transformação de si mesma e do meio que a circunda. Nos seis primeiros confrontos, Buffy encontra uma maneira de salvar o mundo, mas, no último, ela o transforma. Além disso, são discutidos o simbolismo do vampiro, as personagens seriadas e questões referentes à cultura de massa

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T18:11:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gesner Duarte Padua.pdf: 10165763 bytes, checksum: 48a392235121ae3342dc6a0555f84894 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-10-19 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / This research analyses the picture construction of Tancredo Neves on the Veja and Manchete magazines from 1982 to 1985, period of his election to Minas Gerais government, his campaign and victory to Republic President and his death high after. The central hypothesis is that these vehicles constructed, in a spectacularized form, an image of an ex-president as a hero at the final period of transition from the authoritarian military regime to the democratic one. On their economic interests defense, the both magazines completely situated in the cultural industry, took part in the moderate and conservative opposition movement (part of PMDB and Frente Liberal). This movement began to construct a hegemonic discourse about Tancredo Neves as the legitimate representative of the popular will and the one capable to save the country from the crisis through a big conciliation national project. That aimed to promote a transition process smoothly and without splits to the existing order, which benefited the economic and politics country elites. In the Veja and Manchete articles Tancredo got first the characteristics of the hero who was going to conduct the country to salvation and, after his death, of a martyr of democracy. This research contributes, on the history and communication fields, to a better understand of the media influence on the big politics events of the country, especially on the first years after the military regime end and resumption of democracy. The study is performed through the critic analysis of the corpus and bibliographical research, under four main theoretical and methodological contributions: 1. The discourse theory from Ernesto Laclau, mainly on the concept of hegemonic discourses , 2. The semiotic discourse, used in its most fundamental aspects to verify the sense construction around the ex president in the texts verbi-visuals. 3. To the results obtained in the study of the corpus is added other analysis based on the historiographycal, sociological, political and communicational critic, according to authors as Florestan Fernandes, Bernardo Kucinski, Alfred Stepan, Bolivar Lamounier, Thomas Skidmore, Maria H. Alves, Basilio Sallum Jr., Ciro Marcondes Filho and others that deal with the cultural industry subject areas / Esta pesquisa analisa a construção da imagem de Tancredo Neves nas revistas Veja e Manchete, de 1982 a 1985, período que compreende sua eleição para o governo de Minas Gerais, a campanha para a presidência da República e sua morte, pouco tempo depois ser eleito. A hipótese central é que esses veículos construíram, de forma espetacularizada, uma imagem heroificada do ex-presidente no período final de transição do regime militar autoritário para o democrático. Na defesa de seus interesses econômicos, as duas revistas, inseridas plenamente na lógica da indústria cultural, se afinaram com a oposição moderada/conservadora (parte do PMDB e Frente Liberal) na criação de um discurso hegemônico sobre Tancredo Neves como legítimo representante da vontade popular e o único capaz de salvar o Brasil da crise, através da grande conciliação nacional. O objetivo era promover uma transição sem sobressaltos e rupturas da ordem vigente, o que beneficiava as elites econômicas e políticas do país. Nas reportagens de Veja e Manchete Tancredo ganhou feições primeiro de herói que conduziria o Brasil à salvação e, depois de morto, de mártir da democracia. A pesquisa se justifica por contribuir, nos campos da História e da Comunicação, para o melhor entendimento da influência midiática sobre os grandes acontecimentos políticos do país, especialmente nos primeiros anos após o fim do regime militar e retomada da democracia. O estudo é realizado através de análise crítica do corpus e de pesquisa bibliográfica, sob quatro aportes teórico-metodológicos principais: 1. A teoria do discurso de Ernesto Laclau, sobretudo quanto ao conceito de discursos hegemônicos , 2. A semiótica discursiva, utilizada em seus aspectos mais fundamentais para verificar como são construídos os sentidos em torno do ex-presidente nos textos verbi-visuais. 3. Aos resultados obtidos no estudo do corpus acrescenta-se uma outra análise baseada na crítica historiográfica, sociológica, política e comunicacional, segundo autores como Florestan Fernandes, Bernardo Kucinski, Alfred Stepan, Bolivar Lamounier, Thomas Skidmore, Maria H. Alves, Basilio Sallum Jr., Ciro Marcondes Filho e outros que tratam da temática da indústria cultural

A epopeia Os Lusíadas (1572), de Luís de Camões, estrutura-se, historicamente, sobre o achamento da Índia e, miticamente, sobre as mitologias greco-latina e judaico-cristã. A presença dessas mitologias divergentes em Os Lusíadas estimula a elaboração de uma epopeia portuguesa chamada O Oriente (1814), cujo autor é o padre português José Agostinho de Macedo. O Oriente é uma releitura de Os Lusíadas, e seu processo composicional caracteriza-se por negar e remover a sacralidade da representação dos deuses greco-latinos, substituindo-os pelas divindades judaico-cristãs, que Macedo exaltará, e por representar a Vasco da Gama como um herói genuinamente cristão, pois, segundo Macedo, Camões não o fizera. O narrador de O Oriente substitui as divindades representadas por Camões, tais como Júpiter, Baco, Vênus, Marte, Morfeu e Tétis, por figuras tais como Deus, Satanás, o Serafim e São Tomé. O narrador aceita e mantém, no entanto, determinados personagens da mitologia greco-latina em sua epopeia, tais como Luso, Lisa e Ulisses, por exemplo. Nesse sentido, José Agostinho de Macedo alinha-se à representação de Os Lusíadas. O narrador de O Oriente filia seu herói, Vasco da Gama, ao cristianismo, e representa-o como o eleito de Deus para a difusão da fé cristã no Oriente. O narrador, portanto, pretende emendar esses aspectos da representação de Os Lusíadas. / The epic poem Os Lusíadas (1572), by Luís de Camões, is based on the historical discovery of India and on the Greco-Roman and Judeo-Christian mythologies. The presence of these divergent mythologies in Os Lusíadas stimulates the elaboration of a Portuguese epic poem entitled O Oriente (1814), by the Portuguese priest José Agostinho de Macedo. O Oriente is a rereading of Os Lusíadas, and its compositional process is characterized by denying and removing the sacredness of the representation of the Greco-Roman gods, who are replaced by the Judeo-Christian deities the autor intends to exalt, and for representing Vasco da Gama as a genuine Christian hero, because, according to Macedo, Camões had not done that. The narrator of O Oriente replaces the deities represented by Camões, such as Jupiter, Bacchus, Venus, Mars, Morpheus and Thetis, with figures such as God, Satan, Seraphim, and St. Thomas. The narrator accepts and maintains, however, certain characters from Greco-Roman mythology in his epic poem, such as Luso, Lisa and Ulysses. In this regard, José Agostinho de Macedo aligns himself with the representation of Camões. The narrator of O Oriente associates his hero, Vasco da Gama, with Christianity and represents him as the chosen of God in order to spread the Christian faith in the East. The narrator, therefore, intends to fix aspects of the representation of Os Lusíadas.

Qu’est-ce qu’un héros de bande dessinée ? Comment fonctionne-t-il ? Pourquoi est-il ainsi ? Ce sont là les trois questions principales que nous entendons traiter dans les pages de cette thèse. C’est principalement l’étude de la relation entre le lecteur et le héros qui va nous permettre de répondre. Cette relation, nous la nommons identification, elle est à la fois reconnaissance et projection. C’est dans ce double mouvement – du héros vers le lecteur, du lecteur vers le héros – que nous trouverons notre objet. Notre cheminement nous amènera à définir le héros tant de façon diachronique, en nous attardant sur son origine et son évolution historique (avec une attention particulière pour les productions et les réflexions de Rodolphe Töpffer), que de façon synchronique en le comparant aux héros d’autres médiums. Définissant le héros par son fonctionnement identificatoire, nous étudierons celui-ci en analysant les stratégies graphiques mises en œuvre par les auteurs de bandes dessinées pour que celui-ci se produise. Cela nous permettra enfin de tirer des conclusions esthétiques et éthiques de ce fonctionnement, et de préciser la nature de l’expérience de la bande dessinée. Ce travail de recherche fera donc appel, pour être mené à bien, à des outils provenant des domaines variés que sont l’analyse plastique, la sémiologie, l’esthétique, la philosophie, les études littéraires, etc. / What is a comic book hero? How does it work? Why is it so? These are the three main issues that we intend to cover in the pages of this thesis. This is mainly the study of the relationship between the reader and the hero that will allow us to respond. This relationship, we call identification, it is both recognition and projection. It is in this double movement - the hero to the reader, the reader to the hero - that we find our purpose. Our journey will take us to define the hero so diachronically, but to focus on its origin and historical development (with particular attention to the production and reflections Rodolphe Töpffer) as synchronically by comparing the heroes of other mediums. Defining the hero by identificatory function, we will study it by analyzing the graphic strategies implemented by the authors of comics for it to happen. This will allow us finally to draw aesthetic and ethical conclusions of this operation, and to specify the nature of the experience of the comic. This research will therefore appeal to be completed, tools from various fields such as plastic analysis, semiotics, aesthetics, philosophy, literary studies, etc.

The main concern of the thesis is the ability of the media to construct the image of criminals and it is demonstrated on the case of Jiří Kajínek. Criminality is a special topic most of the population has no personal experience with, and, therefore, they have to rely completely on the information offered by media. Jiří Kajínek is the most famous czech prisoner and, in its practical part, the thesis tries to explore the way the publicistic titles presented his case to public in 2010. Most of the examined titles takes Kajínek's side and does not offer balanced information regarding the case. This partiality is reflected mainly in the way of signification associated with Kajínek, in the framing and in the form of particular articles. The thesis then observes the influence of the Kajínek movie on his media presentment and its development. It focuses at the amount of media space given as well as at the way of the representation itself. Differences in both aspects have been found in particular titles.

This thesis explores the trickster character through the lens of his role as a cultural hero. The two characters that I chose to examine are from North American myth, specifically Winnebago Hare and Brer Rabbit. These two characters represent the duality of the trickster while simultaneously embodying the lauded abilities of the hero. Through their actions these two characters shape culture through the very action of disrupting societal norms.

本論文在結構上，除去「緒論」與「結論」外，「本論」共分成五章。第一章「三大英雄史詩的產生及其內容」，第二章「三大英雄史詩的情節類型」，第三章「三大英雄史詩生存的社會背景」，第四章「三大英雄史詩的流傳」，第五章「從比較文學看三大英雄史詩」。 　　第一章，是對「三大英雄史詩」作一個整體性的論述。英雄史詩與民族的關係不但非常密切，而且能成為該民族文學的活水源頭與象徵，變成後期文學攫取養分的精神寶庫。本論文以中國少數民族文學裡最具代表性的「三大英雄史詩」《格薩爾》、《江格爾》、《瑪納斯》為對象，它們比諸世界上其他民族的英雄史詩雖然內容相同（歌頌英雄的戰績），但是在類型上卻有很大的不同（已定型或仍在繼續生長）。了解「三大英雄史詩」的形成、發展、茁壯、消退，將會讓我們更清楚「英雄史詩」在民族文學史以至於世界文學史上的重要地位。 　　對英雄史詩的整體了解之後，我們進入英雄史詩的內部結構。「三大英雄史詩」作品內容都有大同小異的情節，經過比較和分析，可以找出相對固定的情節，也就是所謂的「情節板塊」。本論文大膽使用「板塊」這個概念，整理出《格薩爾》板塊13個、《江格爾》板塊10個、《瑪納斯》板塊20個。由於英雄史詩的情節大多是相對固定的「板塊」構成。歌手按一定的情節模式構造的「板塊」，以不同的方式連接拼綴起來，加上藝術的加工和個人的即興發揮，一個個完整的故事便千姿百態地呈現出來。因此只要掌握「情節板塊」，不管史詩故事如何的離奇怪異，都可以輕易指出它的故事結構。本論文第二章利用「板塊」來分析比較「三大英雄史詩」，這應該是「三大英雄史詩」結構分析的研究裡較為突出並呈現整貌的一坎。 　　透過英雄史詩作品的結構掌握到英雄史詩的內部之後，第三章是探討英雄史詩的生存的社會環境。宗教與娛樂的社會功能，是英雄史詩能夠廣泛流傳的重要條件，透過了解這兩項重要的條件，我們才能進一步知道英雄史詩能夠生存的背景環境。 第四章「三大英雄史詩」的流傳，本論文從四個方面下手，即「三大英雄史詩」的演唱環境、說唱藝人的傳承、書面版本的傳播、以及「三大英雄史詩」的跨族流傳現象。整章完全環繞「流傳」這個主題，從各種不同的面向，討論「三大英雄史詩」的傳播過程。因為藝人傳承在過去是比較被忽略的，而「三大英雄史詩」的版本也過於繁瑣散亂，無法理出頭緒，所以本章較費心力是在整理藝人傳承的發展以及書面版本的匯整。 　　本論文對「三大英雄史詩」的了解是先從外在大環境的分析開始，然後深入史詩內部結構剖析，再回到「三大英雄史詩」的生存環境，探討史詩的社會功能而明自「三大英雄史詩」的流傳現象。最後一章則從比較文學的角度來探討，「三大英雄史詩」的地位與影響力。 　　對「中國少數民族文學」而言，精華之所在是「民間文學」，而「民間文學」燦爛耀眼的地方在「史詩」，史詩則以「三大英雄史詩」聞名。反過來說，研究「三大英雄史詩」正是採擷到史詩的粹精。

Nikos Kazantzakis� Captain Michales is a freedom fighter in nineteenth century Crete. Patrick White�s Voss is a German explorer in nineteenth century Australia. Two men struggling for achievement, their disparate social contexts united in the same fundamental search for meaning. This thesis makes comparison of these different struggles through thematic analysis of the texts, examining within the narratives the role of food, perceptions of body and soul, landscapes, gender relations, home-coming and religious experience. Themes from the novels are extracted and intertwined, within a range of theoretical frameworks: history, anthropology, science, literary and social theories, religion and politics; allowing close investigation of each novel�s social, political and historical particularities, as well as their underlying discussion of perennial human issues. These novels are each essentially explorations of the human experience. Read together, they highlight the commonest of human elements, most poignantly the need for communion; facilitating analysis of the individual and all our communities. Comparing the two novels also continues the process of each: examining the self both within and outside of the narratives, producing a new textual self, arising from both primary sources and the contextual breadth of such rewriting.