The schoolyard, an area that is used continuously during the day by teachers and students, becomes a natural area for students to form social relationships and activate themselves outside the classroom. The schoolyard's possibilities to create these relationships and activities is directly connected to how it is designed. This study deals with these possibilities and after-school educare teachers' perception of the schoolyard as a play area and the students' tendencies regarding the use of its various spaces. Previous research shows that varied spaces with directly intended purposes have an inspiring effect on students' play. The philosopher Henri Lefebvre writes about three dimensions of space, the materially perceived, the imagined, and the lived. The study uses these to form an idea of after-school teachers' and students' opportunities in the schoolyard. Semi-structured interviews with after-school educare teachers were carried out to find out their view of the schoolyard, taking into account the students' social relations, motor development and educational purpose. Also observations of the students' stay in the schoolyard were made to answer the study's research questions. The results show that after-school educare teachers want greater opportunities to use the schoolyard as a space for didactic work, with varying play spaces. It also shows that after-school educare teachers' approach has an important role in the students' social relations and motor development in the schoolyard. The discussion includes the spatial dimensions in relation to the students' social relationships and motor development in the schoolyard. In addition, it is discussed in relation to the schoolyard for educational purposes.

Global capital is transforming the spaces in which we live, thereby transforming culture: this thesis challenges a set of liberal assumptions about culture and cultural transformation by elaborating upon this very hypothesis. Specifically, it argues that cultural identities are being formed in global cities, where disjunctive global flows of cultural, financial, technological, ideological, and human capital intersect. These global flows are creating cultural contexts of choice that can be as central to individual and group identities as national institutions or inherited or native cultural norms. And as these modern contexts of choice emancipate the imagination from the influence of national institutions, they enable peculiar new forms of agency. I use Arjun Appadurai’s notion of imagination and his model of “scapes”—cultural landscapes formed by intersecting flows of capital—to explain how the global is becoming the decisive framework for social life. In contrast, I use Will Kymlicka’s model of multicultural citizenship and Jeremy Waldron’s model of cosmopolitanism primarily to demonstrate the limits of a class of liberal theories of cultural accommodation that oversimplify the relationship of the individual to culture, and of culture to modernity, and which ignore the role of “scapes” in constituting cultural identities. To conclude, I propose an alternative, three- dimensional and ultimately non-comparative treatment of culture inspired by Henri Lefebvre’s concept of the right to the city. / Graduate

Czech animated allegories of the period of 1946 to 2012 encode their political ideas in objects and things, rather than through conventional narrative techniques such as voice-over or dialogue. The existence of these objects in cinematic time and space is integral to this process of political encoding, which is achieved through the selection of objects, cinematography and editing. In some of these films, time and space themselves are politically encoded. Materialist critical approaches to the film texts can help illuminate these latent political meanings. 'Thing theory', which puts a critical emphasis upon reading objects and things, exposes the politically resistant role of simple, domestic objects in the films of Jiří Trnka and Hermína Týrlová. Trnka's cinema in particular defends traditional, pastoral modes of being in which the individual is rooted within their environment. 'Actor-network-theory', a means of interrogating the relationship between actors in networks, resonates with the political ideas present in the cinema of Surrealist artist Jan Švankmajer. Švankmajer's central political project is an interrogation of anthropocentrism and attempts by humans to exert systems of control and order upon non-human actors. Rather than celebrating functional, domestic objects like Trnka or Týrlová, Švankmajer's cinema is radically anti-utilitarian. Objects are depicted as things that resist categorisation. 'Rhythmanalysis' – a mode of poetic-scientific investigation developed by philosopher Henri Lefebvre – can be used to unpick the rhythms in the animations of Jirí Barta. Barta's films critique rational clock time and the design of urban spaces through the use of editing patterns and repetition. Finally, all three materialist approaches in combination help illustrate the political content of animated films (and live-action films with significant passages of animation) produced in the wake of the Velvet Revolution. Such films often question the relationship between the individual Czech citizen and the Czech capital city of Prague. The animated films of the aforementioned directors and historical periods, tend to give precedence to the material world of objects over the semiotic world of humans, though these two realms are often shown to be inter-dependent. To this end, the political messages of the films are conveyed not through language, but through images and things.

Submitted by Sarah Reis (sarahreis@ufba.br) on 2017-02-01T13:03:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTAÇÃO_REIS_SN_Charme é poder viver aqui(1).pdf: 4173103 bytes, checksum: 475dfc250ce390c42bd1ece0a2849dde (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Hozana Azevedo (hazevedo@ufba.br) on 2017-08-16T14:16:30Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTAÇÃO_REIS_SN_Charme é poder viver aqui(1).pdf: 4173103 bytes, checksum: 475dfc250ce390c42bd1ece0a2849dde (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-16T14:16:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTAÇÃO_REIS_SN_Charme é poder viver aqui(1).pdf: 4173103 bytes, checksum: 475dfc250ce390c42bd1ece0a2849dde (MD5) / O Brasil viveu na última década um momento de expansão da oferta de produtos habitacionais, este momento tem sido chamado de boom imobiliário. Salvador, em especial, viveu a intensidade deste momento sendo um dos destaques da produção imobiliária do país, foi invadida por grandes incorporadoras e construtoras paulistas e estrangeiras e diversificou a oferta de unidades habitacionais apresentando novos produtos, tais como novos modelos de condomínio, condomínios-clubes, condomínios-parques, bairros planejados, acentuando a verticalização da orla atlântica em especial e da cidade como um todo além de aprofundar o desmatamento do remanescente de Mata Atlântica, últimos vazios urbanos existentes na cidade. Este trabalho se propõe a fazer um estudo qualitativo e quantitativo da oferta imobiliária contemporânea da cidade a partir do instrumental teórico oferecido principalmente por Henri Lefebvre e David Harvey, resgatando também os antecedentes históricos desta produção além dos impasses e limitações, do qual o desenho arquitetônico é objeto, revelado pela observação do trabalho de arquitetas e arquitetos num escritório destaque. Trata-se de uma etnografia multi-situada, na qual foram investigados documentos e matérias jornalísticas, e o lócus de pesquisa se desdobrou em inúmeros lugares onde a prática da compra e venda de imóveis se realiza. Assim, este trabalho busca contribuir com a visão antropológica ao panorama que as ciências sociais e o urbanismo tem procurado construir sobre as transformações da cidade sob a égide do capital imobiliário e financeiro. / The Brazil experienced in the last decade a time of expanding the offer of housing products, this moment has been called the real estate boom. Salvador, in particular, lived the intensity of this time being one of the highlights of the housing production in the country was invaded by large developers São Paulo and foreign construction companies and diversified offer of housing units introducing new products such as new condominium-models, clubs-condominium, parks condominiums, planned neighborhoods, emphasizing the vertical edge of the Atlantic, in particular, and the city as a whole, in addition to further deforestation of the Atlantic forest, urban voids last existing in the city. This paper aims to make a qualitative and quantitative study of contemporary real estate offer of the city from the theoretical tools offered mainly by Henri Lefebvre and David Harvey also rescuing the historical background of this production beyond the impasses and limitations, which the architectural design is object, revealed by observation of architects work in a prominent office. This is a multi-situated ethnography, in which documents and newspaper articles were investigated, and the locus of research unfolded in many places where the practice of buying and selling of real estate helds. This work seeks to contribute to the anthropological view that the social sciences and urbanism has sought planning to build on the changes in the city under the aegis of the real estate and financial capital. / Le Brésil a connu durant la dernière décennie une période de développement de l'offre de produits de logement, ce moment a été appelé le boom de l'immobilier. Salvador, en particulier, a vécu l'intensité de ce moment étant consideré un des lieux remarquables de la production immobilière dans le pays, dont a été envahi par les grands développeurs de São Paulo et les entreprises de construction étrangères et diversifiée l‟offre de logements introduisant de nouveaux produits tels que les nouveaux modèles de résidences, les résidences-clubs, les résidences-parques, les quartiers planifiés, accetuant la verticalization de la Forêt Tropicale en particulier, et la ville dans son ensemble, en plus l‟approfondisement de la déforestation du restant de la Forêt Tropicale, lês dernières vides urbains existantes dans la ville. Ce travail vise à faire une étude qualitative et quantitative de la contemporaine offre immobilière de la ville à partir des outils théoriques offerts principalement par Henri Lefebvre et David Harvey rachetant aussi le contexte historique de cette production au-delà des impasses et des limites, duquel le design architectural est l‟objet, révélé par l'observation du travail des architectes dans um notable bureau. C‟est une ethnographie multi-située, dans laquelle ont été étudiés documents et dês articles de journaux, et le locus de la recherche s‟est déroulé dans de nombreux endroits où la pratique de l'achat et de la vente de biens immobiliers s‟effectue. Donc, ce travail vise à contribuer à la vue anthropologique au panorama que les sciences sociales et l‟urbanisme ont cherché à se appuyer sur les changements dans la ville sous l'égide du capital immobilier et financier.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-04-03T19:44:45Z No. of bitstreams: 1 SarahDeAndradeEAndrade_DISSERT.pdf: 15836321 bytes, checksum: 563db1cb792c82318fd2bb897d88531f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-04-05T21:23:15Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 SarahDeAndradeEAndrade_DISSERT.pdf: 15836321 bytes, checksum: 563db1cb792c82318fd2bb897d88531f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-05T21:23:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 SarahDeAndradeEAndrade_DISSERT.pdf: 15836321 bytes, checksum: 563db1cb792c82318fd2bb897d88531f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-09-23 / A pesquisa aqui desenvolvida, trata das possibilidades de apropria??o do habitat concebido pelo Programa de Loca??o Social (PLS), implementado no ?mbito da Prefeitura Municipal de S?o Paulo (PMSP), por seus habitantes. Orientada pelo referencial te?rico-metodol?gico do fil?sofo e soci?logo franc?s Henri Lefebvre (1958; 1970; 1974; 2002; 2001, 2008; 2013) e pela aplica??o do m?todo de an?lise do discurso desenvolvido pelos pesquisadores do Instituto [franc?s] de Sociologia Urbana (ISU), investiga a rela??o entre a ?palavra do habitante? (RAYMOND, 2001; HAUMONT, 2001, RAYMOND et. al, 2001) e a apropria??o da loca??o social em S?o Paulo. O m?todo aqui relido e aplicado faz uso de entrevistas abertas/n?o estruturadas ? complementadas por nossa observa??o in loco e registro fotogr?fico - para a apreens?o do espa?o percebido pelos habitantes do referido programa, entendendo que esta ferramenta coloca em posi??o de centralidade e d? voz ao agente principal da pesquisa: o habitante. Assim, o recorte espacial de nosso campo emp?rico abrange quatro dos seis empreendimentos viabilizados pelo mesmo entre 2002 e 2015, sendo eles a Vila dos Idosos, o Residencial Olarias, o Edif?cio Senador Feij? e o Palacete dos Artistas. A utiliza??o de uma abordagem qualitativa e, especificamente, a aplica??o do m?todo palavra do habitante possibilitou a formula??o de diversas conclus?es que extrapolam a hip?tese inicialmente formulada de que a reafirma??o do valor da propriedade privada pelas pol?ticas habitacionais brasileiras, fragilizaria as possibilidades de apropria??o do habitat de loca??o social. Essa quest?o se coloca como um dos entraves ? apropria??o do habitat fundamentado no aluguel e, do ponto de vista qualitativo e quantitativo, tamb?m est?o presentes no discurso dos habitantes, os conflitos resultantes da descontinuidade no acompanhamento s?cioeducativo aos benefici?rios do Programa e seu abandono pelas gest?es que se sucedem na PMSP entre 2005 e 2013. Por outro lado, nos empreendimentos onde as fam?lias e ind?viduos est?o engajados em movimentos sociais de luta por moradia e estes atuam como uma ponte entre os habitantes e os ?rg?os p?blicos de gest?o dos empreendimentos, se evidenciam as possibilidades de supera??o dos conflitos e condu??o ? apropria??o do habitat. Ao longo dos caminhos aqui trilhados, descortinamos tamb?m a apropria??o dos idosos pelo habitat em loca??o social, que n?o compartilham do sonho da casa pr?pria. / This research verses about the possibilities of habitat appropriation conceded by Social Tenancy Program (PLS), implemented in the sphere of the S?o Paulo City Hall, by its inhabitants. Oriented by the theories and methods of the french sociologist and philosopher Henri Lefebvre (1958; 1970; 1974; 2002; 2001; 2008; 2013) and by the application of the discourse analysis method developed by researches of the French Urban Sociology Institute (ISU), the current research investigates the relationship between the ?inhabitant?s word? (RAYMOND, 2001; HAUMONT, 2001, RAYMOND et. al, 2001) and the appropriation of social tenancy in S?o Paulo. The method here employed and reviewed makes use of open and non-structured interviews ? complemented by field observation and photographic registers ? for the setting of the space perceived by those contemplated by the Program, understanding that this tool brings to the fore the main agent of this research: the inhabitant. Thus, the spatial limits of our empirical field embraces four of the six buildings contemplated by the program between 2002 and 2015, being the Vila dos Idosos, Residencial Olarias, Senador Feij? Building and the Palacete dos Artistas. The use of a qualitative and, specifically, the application of the method ?inhabitant?s word, made possible the formulation of several conclusions that go beyond the initial hypothesis that said that the reaffirming of the private propriety value by brazilian habitational policies would bring frailty to the possibilities of social tenancy of habitat appropriation. This matter presents itself as one of the difficulties for the appropriation of habitat by rent and, from qualitative and quantitative points of view, they are also present in the inhabitants? discourse, the resulting conflicts from the cancelling of the socio-educative accompaniment of the ones contemplated by the Program and its abandon by the successive terms in the City Hall between 2005 and 2013. On the other hand, in the buildings that there are families and individuals that are engaged in social movements for livelihood, they act as a bridge that links the inhabitants and the public management of the buildings, and is also noticed the possibilities of conflict solving and appropriation of habitat. Throughout this research we also verse about the appropriation of habitats by the elderly population in social tenancy, who share not the dream to own a house.

The study takes its point of departure in the urgent problem of slums that follow on the rapid urbanisation worldwide. Focusing on the small informal settlement of Kambi Moto in Nairobi, Kenya, the study tries to answer the question of how power can be worked out in slum upgrading – a way to change the physical environment of a slum without demolishing and rebuilding the whole settlement. The theoretical tool to answer this question is taken from Edward Soja’s reading of Henry Lefebvre in the concept Thirdspace – an extended and politicised way to look at space, where space is not only seen as a stage for historical and social processes, but as something that is shaping our thoughts and actions; a social space that includes and goes beyond the material Firstspace and the mental Secondspace. From a spatialized reading of history today’s situation – where 60 % of the population of Nairobi live in informal settlements – is traced back to the ideological structuring of space in the colonial cityplans. The informal settlements are established as a Thirdspace: both a negative outcome of the dominating Secondspace of the colonial administration and as a counterspace, where traditional ways of life could live on and where revolutionary movements could grow. The study then focus on how the two scales to view the city, the macro and the micro, are resolved in the Shack/Slum Dwellers International (SDI), a global network of local federations that organizes slum dwellers. The network empowers the individual slum dweller in making him/her an actor in a peer to peer exchange, and also creates a social space for political struggle. This is manifested in Muungano wa Wanavijiji, a citywide movement for a collective struggle for spatial rights, empowering the slum dwellers in taking charge of the social production of human spatiality. In a case study of a slum upgrading effort in Kambi Moto the shifting of power from the government, international organisations and professionals to the lived Thirdspace of the habitants, as well as the internal power relations within the community, are looked at in a concrete situation.

No description available.

Die Dissertation baut auf Henri Lefebvres Theorie einer sozialen Produktion des Raums auf und bietet eine ethnographisch fundierte Untersuchung der Komplexität urbaner Phänomene in der nordtadschikischen Stadt Khujand. Die drei Bestandteile einer sozialen Produktion des Raums – Konzeptualisierung, Wahrnehmung und Anpassung – stehen nicht isoliert voneinander, denn die Produktion von Raum erfolgt im Prozess ihres Zusammenwirkens. Die vorliegende Arbeit ist, vor diesem Hintergrund, die erste Monographie, welche die komplexen Zusammenhänge der Raumproduktion in einer peripheren zentralasiatischen Stadt zum zentralen Forschungsgegenstand nimmt. Nach einer Einführung in Theorie und Methoden wende ich mich der Produktion des mentalen Raums in Khujand zu. Ich erläutere unterschiedliche Ideologien von Raum und Urbanität, welche für Khujand relevant waren – etwa die „Islamisch-orientalische“, „sowjetische“ sowie „westliche“ – und untersuche ihre Bedeutung für aktuelle Raumproduktionsprozesse. Im zweiten Teil wende ich mich dem physischen Raum zu und arbeite zentrale Elemente der urbanen Topographie von Khujand heraus. Nach einer Analyse städtischer Mobilität präsentiere ich vier Fallstudien, welche einen Querschnitt von Khujands physischem Raum darstellen und eine breite Vielfalt urbaner Erfahrungen abdecken. Im dritten Teil zeige ich, wie die soziale Produktion des Raums durch einen Fokus auf Anpassungen des Raums erfasst werden kann. Ich analysiere Beispiele auf der Staats-, Nachbarschafts- und Haushalts-Ebene im Hinblick auf Lefebvres Konzept der Transduktion, also einer Praxis vor dem Hintergrund von Einschränkungen und Wünschen. In diesem Teil stelle ich die zentrale Rolle von remont und obodi heraus – zwei kulturell eingebetteten kreativen Konzepten, welche maßgeblich an der Produktion des sozialen Raums in Khujand mitwirken. / The dissertation builds upon Henri Lefebvre's theory of a social production of space in order to provide an anthropologically founded account, grasping the complexity of the urban phenomenon in the northern Tajik city of Khujand. The three parts of a social production of space – conceptions, perceptions, and adaptations of space – are not isolated from each other. In the process of their interaction, space is being produced. In this regard, the present work is the first monograph which explores the intertwined contemporary urban space in a regional city of Central Asia. After delving into theory and methodology, I address in a first part the production of mental space in Khujand. I present different ideologies of space and urbanity which were at work in Khujand: inter alia, the 'Islamic-Oriental', and the 'Soviet' and 'Western' ideologies of urbanity, and assess their relevance to Khujand today. In the second part, I work out the defining elements of Khujand's physical space. After an examination of urban mobility, I proceed to presenting four case studies which provide a cross-section of Khujand's physical space, covering a wide range of urban experiences. In the third part I show how the production of social space can be seen through the lens of adaptations. I analyse cases on the state, the neighbourhood and the household levels, with regard to Lefebvre's concept of transduction, that is, action taken within a framework of constraints and desire. In this part, I emphasise two crucial notions which permeate the social production of space in Khujand: remont and obodi, which stand out as culturally embedded creative concepts.

This thesis is a study of spatial practice and literary depictions of homes in novels by Elsie Johansson, Kerstin Thorvall and Kristina Sandberg. The theoretical perspective is based on Henri Lefebvre´s view on social space, and on the concept of spatial practice. Research questions are: What homes are depicted? How does spatial practice function in the texts? How does the depictedspatial practice relate to norms and ideals? The novels, published 1993-2014, depict an interesting period in Swedish history (cirka 1920-1970) when politics and society at large was deeply involved in reshaping the homes and lives of Swedish citizens. The aim was to turn the citizens into new, healthy and rational parts of the new and rational society. Housewives where put in a position where the new rational housekeeping clashed with the standards and practices of earlier generations. Class is found to be a crucial factor in performing and experiencing domesticity in the studied novels. Housewive characters in the Thorvall and Sandberg novels, raised in working class families, struggle in adapting the spatial practice of home in their new middle class environments.Part of the thesis is a discussion on domesticity seen as an adaptive pracitce – catering to the needs of husbands and children. The novels show this, but also depict housework being used as a way to escape unpleasant conversations or forget ones unpleasant feelings. Another task with complex connotations and uses is cleaning. Cleaning in these novels have a strong connection to positive feelings like pleasure and pride, but also to negative feelings of shame and a loss of control. Acting normal to achieve a state of normality within the home and family is a common strategy for the housewives. The material is found to support Lefebvres idea on the importance of spatial practice - sense of home, for the studied housewife characters, is found to be more dependent on spatialpractice than on the home itself.

Cette thèse propose d'explorer les textes que Henri Lefebvre (1901-1991) a consacré à un projet de connaissance des rythmes, une « rythmanalyse », terme qu'il emprunte à Gaston Bachelard, pour contribuer à ce que nous appelons une poétique urbaine. Henri Lefebvre a laissé une œuvre fondatrice dans les études urbaines contemporaines en théorisant l'avènement de la société urbaine moderne et en produisant une théorie critique de l'urbanisme et des espaces et des temps sociaux qui en résultent. Nous montrons que la théorie critique est solidaire d'une poétique issue du romantisme révolutionnaire de l'auteur, qu'il développe au contact de pratiques artistiques, notamment celles de l'Internationale Situationniste. À l'encontre de ce qu'il analyse comme le processus d'abstraction de l'espace et du temps urbain, la rythmanalyse fait partie de la quête d'un espace-temps approprié à même de métamorphoser la société urbaine et de restituer le corps total, afin que l'urbain devienne l’œuvre de l'homme. Lefebvre ne propose pas seulement une méthodologie qualitative d'observation des rythmes, mais une expérimentation rythmanalytique, dont nous pouvons imaginer la pratique sous la forme de l'utopie expérimentale. La rythmanalyse fournit ainsi les idées directrices d'une poétique appliquée, à même de créer des formes, des textures et des styles pour l'habiter urbain. Cette poétique urbaine, à la fois création et connaissance, procède par des pratiques expérimentales et restitue le jeu rythmique qui enrichit l'expérience esthétique de l'espace et du temps urbain. / This thesis proposes to explore the texts that Henri Lefebvre (1901-1991) devoted to his project of understanding rhythms, his « rhythmanalysis », a term borrowed from Gaston Bachelard, to contribute to what we call an urban poetics. Henri Lefebvre has produced fundamental work in contemporary urban studies in both his theorization of the advent of modern urban society, and his elaboration of a critical theory of urban planning with its resultant social spaces and temporalities. We show that this critical theory unfolds in line with his construction of a poetics, which is inspired by the revolutionary romanticism that the author developed through his contact with artistic practices, especially those of the Situationnist International. Against his analysis of abstraction as an inherent process of urban space and time, his rhythmanalysis contributes to the creation of an appropriate space-time, with its ability to transform urban society and reconfigure the Total body so that what is urban can be instead considered a work of art. Lefebvre provides not only a qualitative methodology for the observation of rhythms, but also the outline of a rhythmanalytic experimentation, which can be associated with the practices of an experimental utopia. Rhythmanalysis offers guidelines for an applied poetics; it goes as far as creating forms, textures and styles for urban living. This urban poetics, simultaneously a creative act and one steeped in knowledge, proceeds through experimentation and restores the rhythmic game that enriches our aesthetic experience of urban space and time.