Целью данной работы является сравнительный анализ инструментальных сред, с помощью которых можно конструировать веб-сайты. В ходе выполнения поставленной задачи предложены оригинальные комплексные критерии сравнения систем, основанные на поддержке средой SEO-оптимизации и на трудоемкости разработки в среде. Создан веб-сайт с одинаковым функционалом (интернет-магазин) в разных инструментальных средах для практического подтверждения теоретических выводов. / The purpose of this work is a comparative analysis of software tools which can help you in designing websites. In the course of accomplishing the task, the original set of criteria for comparing tools has been proposed. This set was based on the support of SEO optimization and on the development process complexity. A website with the same functionality (online store) had been created with different tools implementing for the sake of practical confirmation of theoretical conclusions.

The dissertation discusses the main methods of sales forecasting for a company with the E-COMMERCE line of business. The optimal model for predicting sales of B2C goods is found, and a method for updating the model using the index of purchasing activity in online stores. A software module developed based on a new mathematical model for forecasting sales for 2022 for the company BOXBERRY SOFT. / В диссертации рассмотрены основные методы прогнозирования продаж для компании с направлением деятельности E-COMMERCE. Найдена оптимальная модель для прогнозирования продаж товара B2C, а также предложен способ модернизации модели с помощью индекса покупательской активности в Интернет-магазинах. Разработан программный модуль на основе новой математической модели для прогноза продаж на 2022 год для компании ООО «БОКСБЕРРИ СОФТ».

The mobile app market is continuously increasing and an increasingly number of actors aims to gain market shares in this business sector. At the same time the number of app stores with a significant influence on the market are few; with Google Play and Apple App Store as the major actors of the app store market. With few distributions channels, and many large companies with resources as competitors, it is crucial for initiated startups to find suitable marketing strategies in order to compete on the app market. This study focuses on startups which are in their earlier phase of existence and do not have an excess of resources. The case of Truecaller is of interest to mobile app startups in general because of its exceptional successfulness in a relative short amount of time. First a thorough research of secondary literature was performed to find marketing activities applicable to mobile app developers. These marketing activities were divided and applied by using the four P’s of marketing in order to achieve a perceivable framework which is possible to grasp. The marketing activities were reformed into open-ended questions which were conducted during the interviews on Truecaller’s Marketing Manager, and Release/Project Manager. The gathered marketing activities that were demonstrated to be successful by the case of Truecaller, which is the empirical example of a startup in this study, were structured into a marketing strategy framework. The central findings of this study were firstly that unpaid promotional marketing activities in form striving for customer reviews, social media integration and sharing functions implemented to the app should be done in order to increase the word of mouth spread. It is also emphasized to build good relationships with different opinion leaders and further on to send push notifications to remind users of the app. Paid promotional activities were found to be optional for startups in the context of this study. Secondly the central findings regarding the Product strategies were frequent updates of the app to remind users of its existence, strive for feedback, and try to build on network effects. Furthermore in addition to build a unique and functional app which enables a positive user experience, it is important to offer users instant support and to execute localizations strategies. Thirdly the findings of the Place category were the visibility aspects to choose an appealing app name and app description, have an attractive app icon and screenshots, and to choose effective keywords and categories. Moreover it is emphasized to ensure availability and compatibility by supporting several platforms. Lastly concerning Price it is important for startups to find their own customized strategy, but the case of Truecaller stressed the freemium pricing strategy.

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[pt] Os pontos de venda (PDV) de empresas de moda compreendem dimensões que se ampliam para além da venda de produtos ou das características do espaço físico. A presente pesquisa reafirma a dimensão social desses ambientes e ressalta que neles configura-se um tipo de experiência, de caráter tanto individual quanto social, também relacionada com a dimensão emocional e simbólica, dada pela construção/expressão de significados que se apresenta nas relações de valor dos indivíduos com as marcas em nossa sociedade industrial-capitalistacontemporânea. Soma-se ainda, a esse complexo contexto, o caráter interdisciplinar do Design do PDV (Saddi, 2008) identificado pelas interfaces entre um conjunto de projetos de várias áreas de conhecimento, tais como: design, arquitetura, publicidade, branding e marketing. O objeto da atual pesquisa consiste nas articulações e novos conhecimentos gerados no contexto interdisciplinar dos projetos para PDV, identificados em projetos para flagship stores, concept stores e pop-up stores de marcas de varejo de moda. Através de nossa pesquisa qualitativa, realizada por meio de entrevistas com especialistas e observações diretas, além da pesquisa bibliográfica e documental identificamos nesse contexto a presença de novos conhecimentos e práticas, tanto para o design quanto para a arquitetura que, por sua vez, apontam para a formação de uma nova área de conhecimento e especialização neste campo. / [en] Points of purchase (POP) for fashion companies comprise dimensions that extend beyond the sale of products or the characteristics of the physical space. This research reaffirms the social dimension of these environments and emphasizes that on them is configured a kind of experience, both individual and social character, also related to the emotional and symbolic dimensions, given by the construction/expression of meanings that appears in the value relations of individuals with the brands in our contemporary-capitalist-industrial-society. In this complex context, is added: the interdisciplinary character of the POP Design identified by the interfaces between a set of projects in various areas of knowledge, such as design, architecture, advertising, branding, management and marketing. The object of this research are the joints and new knowledge generated in the interdisciplinary context of projects for POP, identified in flagship stores, concept stores and pop-up stores for fashion retail brands. Through our qualitativeresearch, conducted by interviews with experts and direct observations, in addition to literature and documents, we identified that this context demonstrates the presence of new knowledge and practices, both for design and for the architecture, which indicates the formation of a new area of knowledge and expertise in this field.

I dagens samhälle har den brottslighet som drabbar företagen blivit vardag och de efterföljande konsekvenserna är många. I Landskrona kommun har ungefär hälften av handelsidkarna blivit utsatta för brott och en majoritet är oroliga för att drabbas. Till följd av denna problematik syftar studien till att fördjupa förståelsen gällande Landskronas handelsidkares upplevelser av oro och utsatthet för brott, hur de arbetar mot problematiken idag samt vilka åtgärder de önskar implementeras. Utifrån resultatet har även åtgärdsförslag utarbetats. För att uppnå studiens syfte tillämpades åtta kvalitativa intervjuer med handelsidkare i Landskrona. En tematisk analys av intervjuerna resulterade i sex teman; oro för utsatthet, utsatthet, förändring, tillämpade åtgärder, rättssystemet och önskade åtgärder. Resultatet visade att majoriteten av handelsidkarna inte upplevde en oro att utsättas för brott samt att det skett en positiv utveckling i Landskrona. Alla deltagare vittnade om en utsatthet för brott där stöldbrottslighet drabbade dem främst. Dock polisanmäldes endast vissa brott och det framkom ett missnöje gällande att anmälningar sällan resulterade i något. Från intervjuerna framträdde även en okunskap gällande hur och när polisanmälningar kan och bör genomföras. Handelsidkarnas åtgärder inkluderar bland annat kamerabevakning, väktare, skalskydd, kommunikation, uppmärksamhet mot kunder och larm. Deltagarna önskar främst mer poliser och väktare i stan, fler bevakningskameror och förbättrad kommunikation. För att öka tryggheten och minska brottsutsattheten bland handelsidkare i Landskrona föreslås 1) utbildningsinsatser om polisanmälan och andra lagar och regler som är av relevans för handelsidkare, 2) ökad kommunikation via appen Säkerhetscenter och 3) ökad samverkan mellan kommun, skola, polis och handelsidkare. Förslag på framtida forskning inkluderar bland annat att liknande studier genomförs i andra städer eller med andra deltagare. / Crime affects businesses everyday, and the consequences that follow are numerous. About half of the retailers in Landskrona were victims of crime, with many fearful of victimization. As a result of this problem, the study aims to deepen the understanding of Landskrona’s retailers’ experiences of fear of crime and crime victimization, how they are currently addressing the problem, and what measures they would want to see implemented. Based on the results, three crime prevention strategies have been proposed. The research questions were answered by conducting eight qualitative interviews with retailers in central Landskrona. A thematic analysis of the interviews resulted in six themes: fear of crime, experiences of victimization, development, implemented measures, the legal system, and desired actions. The results indicated that a majority of retailers did not experience a significant fear of being victimized and that the overall development in Landskrona has been positive. All participants had been victims of crime and theft were the most common. However, few crimes were reported to the police and the retailers expressed discontent with the fact that reports rarely result in anything. The result also showed a lack of knowledge regarding how and when a crime should be reported. Crime prevention strategies used by the retailers include surveillance cameras, security guards, exterior protection, communication, attentiveness to customers, and alarms. There was a desire for enhanced police and security guards on patrol, increased camera surveillance, and communication with other retailers. To reduce fear of crime and victimization among retailers in Landskrona, this study proposes 1) educational initiatives regarding reporting crime, 2) improved communication through an app, and 3) increased collaboration between the municipality, schools, police, and retailers. Proposals for future research include among other things that similar studies are conducted in other cities or with other participants.

The exploratory study investigated jewellery store robbery from a victim risk and intervention perspective. An explanation of the phenomenon was offered based on the information obtained from a review of the existing literature, case studies, personal observations at jewellery stores, discussions with jewellers, a scientific questionnaire submitted to jewellers, and semi-structured and structured interviews conducted with a group of knowledgeable respondents and victimised jewellers respectively. A predominantly quantitative research method was applied. The research findings obtained during the study enabled a proposal for a jewellery store robbery intervention model based on the situational crime prevention perspective, which is inclusive of decisional, environmental, situational, procedural, personnel and business-oriented strategies. / Criminology / M.A. (Criminology)

Les polynucléaires neutrophiles représentent 50-70% des leucocytes sanguins et possèdent un rôle majeur dans la défense de l’organisme contre les pathogènes. Le Ca2+ est un second messager qui joue un rôle primordial dans le chimiotactisme, la phagocytose, la dégranulation et la production de formes réactives de l’oxygène (FRO) afin de neutraliser l’agent pathogène. Dans ces cellules, l’influx calcique de type SOCE est essentiel pour l'homéostasie calcique. Il est peu étudié en raison du manque d’outils pharmacologiques spécifiques d’où l’importance dans un premier temps de chercher de nouvelles molécules. Les cellules T Jurkat dont le SOCE est largement caractérisé servent de modèle pour la caractérisation initiale de ces molécules. Le 2-APB est parmi les molécules les plus largement utilisées dans la caractérisation du SOCE en raison de sa double activité sur le SOCE avec une potentialisation à [1-10 μM] et une inhibition à [> 20 μM]. En revanche, ce produit manque de spécificité et agit sur d’autres cibles cellulaires comme les récepteurs à l’inositol (1,4,5)-trisphosphate (InsP3Rs). La 1ère étape est de sélectionner à partir d’analogues commerciaux du 2-APB (Methoxy-APB, Dimethoxy-APB, Cyclic-APB, Benzothienyl-APB, Thienyl-APB et MDEB), des composés plus spécifiques et également plus efficaces que la molécule mère. Deux molécules se sont distinguées : le MDEB comme uniquement potentialisant du SOCE et le Benzothienyl-APB comme un puissant inhibiteur. En revanche, tous les analogues du 2-APB inhibent les InsP3Rs à l’exception du MDEB qui semble plus spécifique du SOCE. L’effet du MDEB sur le courant calcique, ICRAC, a été étudié grâce à la technique du patch-clamp. Il augmente d’environ 4 fois l’amplitude de ICRAC par rapport à celle enregistrée dans les cellules contrôle. Par ailleurs, le MDEB ralentie l’inactivation rapide de ICRAC due au Ca2+. Sur le plan physiologique, le MDEB à des concentrations croissantes inhibe la synthèse de l’IL-2 dans les cellules Jurkat stimulées et ceci malgré son effet potentialisant du SOCE. Cette activité est liée à son effet pro-apoptotique dans les cellules Jurkat stimulées. Le MDEB et le Benzothienyl-APB caractérisés dans la 1ère partie nous ont servi d’outils potentiels afin d’étudier le SOCE des cellules PLB-985 différenciées en cellules proches de neutrophiles. Le SOCE a été induit soit par un traitement des cellules avec la thapsigargine (Tg) soit de manière physiologique avec les peptides fMLF et le WKYMVm deux chimioattractants, ligands des récepteurs aux peptides formylés FPR et FPRL1 respectivement. En plus, le SOCE induit par la Tg est modulable par le 2-APB, potentialisé par le MDEB et inhibé par le Benzothienyl-APB. La phagocytose des levures par les cellules PLB-985 différenciées ainsi que la production de FRO intraphagosomales ont été inhibées par le MDEB et le Benzothienyl-APB. Les FRO extracellulaires ont été également inhibées par Benzothienyl-APB en revanche à cause de la forte interférence du MDEB avec la technique de mesure nous n’avons pas pu étudier ses activités. En conclusion, le MDEB et le Benzothienyl-APB sont de nouveaux outils pharmacologiques potentialisant ou inhibant le SOCE des leucocytes, qui nous permettront dans l’avenir une meilleure compréhension de l'entrée calcique et ses rôles dans ces cellules. / Neutrophils represent 50-70% of human blood leukocytes; their role is to protect the body against pathogens. Calcium is a second messenger which plays an important role in chemotaxis, phagocytosis, degranulation and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in order to eliminate microbes. In neutrophils, the mechanism of store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) is essential for calcium homeostasis. However, neutrophil SOCE is not well understood because of the lack of specific pharmacological tools. It is necessary to first identify and characterize new molecules using a model of Jurkat T cells in which SOCE was the best characterized. 2-APB is the most widely used molecule in SOCE characterization due to its dual activity with a potentiation at lower concentrations [1-10 μM] and an inhibition at higher concentrations [> 20 μM]. However, this molecule lacks specificity because it acts on other cellular targets such as inositol (1,4,5)-trisphosphate receptors (InsP3Rs). The first step is to select from a library of 8 commercial 2-APB analogues (Methoxy-APB, Dimethoxy-APB, Cyclic-APB, Benzothienyl-APB, Thienyl-APB and MDEB) those that are more specific and also more efficient molecules than 2-APB. Two interesting molecules were identified, MDEB as the only SOCE potentiating product currently known and the Benzothienyl-APB, which is a strong inhibitor. Like 2-APB, all these analogues inhibit InsP3Rs except MDEB, which seems to be more specific. The effect of MDEB on the calcium current, ICRAC, was also studied using the patch-clamp technique. MDEB increases ~4 times the ICRAC amplitude in comparison with control. Otherwise, MDEB slows down the fast Ca2 +-dependent inactivation of ICRAC. Functionally, MDEB at increasing concentrations inhibits IL-2 synthesis in stimulated Jurkat T cells despite its potentiating activity on SOCE. The inhibition is due to MDEB induced apoptosis in stimulated Jurkat T cells. MDEB and Benzothienyl-APB were then used as tools to study SOCE in a neutrophil-like cell model, the differentiated PLB-985 cells. SOCE was induced either by treatment of cells with thapsigargin (Tg) or physiologically with the chemotactic peptides fMLF and WKYMVm, ligands of formyl peptide receptors FPR and FPRL1 respectively. In addition, Tg-induced SOCE was modulated by 2-APB, potentiated by MDEB and inhibited by Benzothienyl-APB. The consequences of these analogues on neutrophil functions were also studied. Phagocytosis of yeasts by PLB-985 cells and intraphagosomal ROS production were inhibited by MDEB and Benzothienyl-APB. Furthermore, extracellular ROS were also inhibited by Benzothienyl-APB. However, because of the high interference of MDEB with our techniques, its activities could not be studied. In conclusion, MDEB and Benzothienyl-APB are new analogues of 2-APB potentiating and inhibiting SOCE, which allow us in the future a better understanding of leukocyte SOCE and its cellular roles.

The exploratory study investigated jewellery store robbery from a victim risk and intervention perspective. An explanation of the phenomenon was offered based on the information obtained from a review of the existing literature, case studies, personal observations at jewellery stores, discussions with jewellers, a scientific questionnaire submitted to jewellers, and semi-structured and structured interviews conducted with a group of knowledgeable respondents and victimised jewellers respectively. A predominantly quantitative research method was applied. The research findings obtained during the study enabled a proposal for a jewellery store robbery intervention model based on the situational crime prevention perspective, which is inclusive of decisional, environmental, situational, procedural, personnel and business-oriented strategies. / Criminology and Security Science / M.A. (Criminology)

This research study aims to obtain a holistic view of the area of store atmospherics, which forms part of the retail industry. A consumer-centred response approach was followed. Store atmospherics and its influence on consumers’ buying behaviour has received very little attention in the literature to date. Consumers’ views on in-store atmospheric elements and the influence of these elements on their buying behaviour were obtained. The primary research aim that was derived from the preliminary literature was therefore to explore the influence of store atmospherics on consumers’ buying behaviour in apparel retail stores in the Tshwane region. The type of research design used in this study was exploratory, making use of a qualitative approach and a communicative technique of interviews. The selected method was focus group interviews and naïve sketches. The data gathered was analysed by means of Tesch’s inductive descriptive coding technique, better known as thematic analysis. It was found that atmospheric elements have the ability to influence consumers in either a subconscious or a conscious way. This has a direct influence on the amount of time that consumers will spend in-store and ultimately influences their buying decisions and behaviour either positively or negatively. This had a direct influence on the amount of time that consumers will spend instore and ultimately influences their buying decisions and behaviours either positively or negatively, meaning that the consumers’ will display either an approach- or avoidance behaviour. / Business Management / M. Com. (Business Management)