Glitch Möbelformgivning – Kontroll, slump och intuition i transformation av skogens formbank i digitala och analoga verktyg. Skogen är en inspirerande formbank med sin otämjda och komplexa uttryck. Med dagens digitala verktyg tillsammans med hantverksmetoder i kombination av slump, kontroll och intuition vill jag hitta och utforska nya gestaltningsmetoder. Genom dessa metoder försöker jag undersöka möbeldesignerns och inredningsarkitektens arbetssätt och formspråk. Med fokus på transformation och glitchen (glappet) mellan olika digitala och analoga metoder, verktyg och media. Med inspiration av skogen vill jag formge objekt med nya och unika formuttryck. En designprocess där det skulpturala värdet vägt tyngre än det funktionella. Examensarbetet resulterade i 6 unika objekt inspirerade av skogen, med en stor bredd och variation gällande material, digitala verktyg kontra analoga tillverkningsmetoder och färgtekniker. Materialen varierar mellan massitv furu, PLA-plast och frigolit. Färgteknikerna är bland annat airbrush, pigmenterad bets och lack. Objekten varierar i storlek från det minsta objektet på 10 x 10 cm (Krokarna - Vrilarna), till det största objektet som är 83 cm x 90 cm, (Spegeln - Istappen).

Jonathan Haidt's The Righteous Mind seeks to explain why it is difficult for liberals and conservatives to get along. His aim is not just explanatory but also prescriptive. Once we understand that the differences between disputants spring from distinct moral views held by equally sincere people, then we will no longer have reason for deep political animus. Conservatives and Liberals have distinct (although somewhat overlapping) moral views and they understand human nature differently. He claims that these differences are best understood by consulting an array of psychological studies, key genetic findings, and the theoretical underpinnings of sociobiology. After summarizing his arguments, we isolate and discuss the three most important and contentious issues in his book. We argue that although the project's motivation is noble and some of his findings are insightful, his key explanations, inferences, and prescriptions are wanting. We end by suggesting a way he could defend a weaker version of his view.

Central to this essay are fourteen poems and fourteen drawings. They formed part of the exhibition The Eye of the Mole and the Perpetual Motion, which was shown at Galleri Mejan in November 2021. The poems are meant to each lack a center, but together form a circle where the exhibition's sculptural works are at the center. Each poem includes a drawing that serves as a reference to the poem. The beginning of the essay follows the process that led to the exhibition. It describes a work process where the planning and the physical work took place in parallel and how the two parts influenced each other and shaped the exhibition. Between the materials I worked with and the intuitive work process, a connection is made to the blind spot in the field of vision, a place that is just outside one's consciousness but which is always present. The idea of ​​this place became a central part of the exhibition and the essay describes a working method for finding this place. Or at least reach as far as possible. Finally, the function of the poems is described and in what way the exhibition was installed. / The Eye of the Mole and the Perpetual Motion was my master exhibition and consisted of four sculptures made of scrap metal and textiles, fourteen poems and fourteen drawings.

Everyday life experience tells us that individual differences apparently matter. Although confronted with the same situation, individuals seem to act and react in different ways. On a behavioral and self-report level, individual differences are well documented. Over the past decades, they have been systematically assessed and embedded in complex theories of personality. On the other hand, the influence of personality differences on cognitive processes and their cerebral substrate is far from being entirely understood. Especially the complex interplay of two or more aspects, like individual differences (e.g., in motivational processes), cognitive functions (e.g., intuition), cerebral activation and lateralization, and humoral processes (e.g., cortisol), are seldom aim of psychological research. The Personality Systems Interaction (PSI) theory (Kuhl, 2000, 2001) provides a theoretical framework, which tries to incorporate the above-mentioned aspects. On the background of PSI theory, the aim of the present work was to investigate differences in motivational processing and how they are related to hemispherical asymmetries, cognitive processing, and humoral reactivity. Each of the three research articles presented throughout the present work tackles different aspects of this general research question. For this, a variety of different methodological techniques were used (e.g., questionnaires, implicit measures, electroencephalography, etc.) to approach the aforementioned goal. The first research paper presented in the current work examines the relationship between the implicit affiliation motive and intuition, as a form cognitive processing. Previous research already demonstrated that affiliation-laden primes facilitate intuitive thought (Kuhl & Kazén, 2008). Therefore, it could be expected that trait affiliation motive would also be correlated with intuition. Intuition in turn is thought to be a function of right hemispheric processes. An association between trait affiliation and intuition could therefore indirectly indicate a lateralization to the right side for affiliation. With the first study of the present work, the author tested this association. Thirty-nine students filled in the Operant Motive Test for the assessment of implicit affiliation, a variant of the Thematic Apperception Test. Then, 9 months later, participants engaged in a Remote Associates Test in which they intuitively had to indicate whether three words are semantically related. As expected, the implicit affiliation motive significantly predicted the accuracy of identifying related word triads. No other implicit or explicit measure, nor state or trait positive affect was associated with intuition. With the second research article, the aforementioned indirect association between affiliation and lateralized processing was investigated more directly. Previous research on relationships between personality and EEG resting state frontal asymmetries mainly focused on individual differences with respect to motivational direction (i.e., approach vs. withdrawal). By contrast, the second article investigated frontal asymmetries as a function of individual differences in implicit affiliation motive. The goal was not only to contribute to the validation of PSI theory and to the investigation of the laterality of the affiliation motive, but also to disentangle the contribution of different social motives to frontal EEG asymmetries. The consideration of social motives, such as the affiliation motive, seemed to be necessary, because a recent meta-analysis showed that the association between approach motivation and frontal asymmetries is negligible or that unidentified moderators drive this association. From previous research and the results from the first paper presented in the current work, an association between affiliation motive and right frontal activity was predicted. Additionally, to control for possible associations with motivational direction, trait behavioral inhibition, behavioral activation, and anger were assessed and correlated with frontal asymmetries. Seventy-two right-handed students were tested. As expected and in accordance with the findings from the first paper, the author found that relative right frontal activity (indicated by low alpha frequency power) was associated with the affiliation motive. To explore brain regions responsible for this association at scalp sites, a source localization algorithm was applied. Intracranial distribution of primary current densities for the alpha band spectrum in source space was estimated and correlated with implicit affiliation scores. A significantly correlating area could be identified in the right ventromedial prefrontal cortex (Brodmann Area 10). No other associations at scalp sites or in source space could be found for motivational direction. The third research article presented in the current work highlights motivational differences slightly different from those presented above. It deals with dynamic motivational processes, such as action orientation, and how they moderate the association between cerebral asymmetries and the physiological stress reaction. Hypothalamus pituitary adrenocortical (HPA) system activity and frontal brain asymmetries have both been linked to stress and emotion but their relationship remains unclear, especially when additionally considering individual differences. Therefore, participants were exposed to public speaking stress while salivary cortisol levels (as a marker of HPA activity) and resting frontal EEG alpha asymmetries were assessed before and after stress induction. The results indicate that higher post stressor cortisol levels were associated with higher relative left frontal activity. State oriented participants showed a stronger association between cortisol response and left frontal activity than action oriented participants. The above-mentioned findings are discussed referring to PSI theory and their possible implications. Additionally, shortcomings of the present research and possible remedies will be presented.

Uppsatsen är dels ett teoretisk försök att förstå den läroprocess som äger rum när en individ bygger förtrogenhet inom ett speciellt fält, en kunskap som inte var avsedd hos individen och som ofta personen är helt omedveten om att den besitter. I syfte att vidga kunskapsbegreppet följer ett närmande av hur vi kan förstå ett icke-intenderat implicit lärande ur ett socialt och ett kognitivt perspektiv. En utgångspunkt är att vad vi minns är beroende av en inkodningsprocess - en procedur som omvandlar något en person ser, hör, tänker eller känner till ett minne. För att impulser vi möter ska bearbetas i arbetsminnet och lagras i det explicita minnet krävs att informationen är särskilt levande eller betydelsefull för oss. Men vår hjärna innehåller även ett annat typ av minne; ett implicit minne. Utan att vi själva upptäcker det, lagras också information som ständigt upprepas runt i kring oss. Ofta är informationen en del av ett mönster, ett mönster som vi ständigt möter och som så småningom bildar ett schema i vårt minne. Ett schema som vi sedan oreflekterat använder oss av i vårt dagliga liv. Dessa scheman innebär en kategorisering av verkligheten, och de innehåller även förväntningar om vad som följer på vad i olika situationer. De kan delvis vara kollektiva scheman; olika individer lär sig ungefär samma beteende och utför samma handlingar, om de vistas i samma kontexter.Det utmärkande draget för implicit minne är att det visar sig i det vi gör, i stället för att komma till uttryck i medvetna beskrivningar. Det som kännetecknar implicit minne är att en handling inte kräver medveten uppmärksamhet eller mental ansträngning utan handlingen sker med hjälp av automatiska informationsprocesser. Ofta är schemat kopplat till vårt känslocenter vilket innebär att vissa handlingar känns rätt eller fel i magen när vi utför dem. Det vi till vardags kallar intuition eller magkänsla är alltså ett resultat av implicit lärande.Utgångspunkten för uppsatsens undersökning är att narrativa mönster återkommer i vår omgivning och att vi bygger upp implicita scheman för berättande genom att konsumera film och litteratur. Genom att följa processen och titta på resultatet i ett novellskrivande och ett filmskapande, analyseras om elevernas handlingar utgår från rationella eller intuitiva val. Det visar sig att eleverna inte rationellt kan förklara sina handlingar utan styrs mycket av magkänsla, samtidigt som deras verk visar sig vara genomsyrade av klassiska narrativa strukturer och kända berättaringredienser. Med detta i åtanke diskuteras hur vi inom det pedagogiska fältet bättre kan ta till vara på elevernas implicita kunskaper och växelverkan mellan det rationella och intuitiva, samt hur vi didaktiskt skulle kunna utnyttja den implicita läroprocessen.

Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka möjligheten att betygsätta elevers arbeten i kursenBild och form, 50 poäng, i åk 2 på gymnasiet. Frågeställningen är om de för kursen angivna betygskriterierna räcker till för att sätta betyg i ett ämne som förutsätter ett kreativt arbete. Forskningen består av kvalitativa intervjuer med fem lärare. Intervjufrågorna var öppna och sakliga. Styrdokumenten gällande betygsättning överhuvudtaget och betygsättning i praktiska ämnen för gymnasiet i synnerhet samt annan relevant litteratur har granskats och sedan kombinerats med intervjuresultaten. Resultatet visar att otydligheten i styrdokumenten gällande betygskriterier i Bild och form och därmed i skolans bedömning finns, vilket kräver lärarnas subjektiva tolkning av betygskriterier för att kunna sätta betyg i kursen.

A qualitative study with an aim to examine the experience and reaktions nurses had while caring for patients with sepsis. / En kvalitativ studie med syftet att undersöka vilka upplevelser och reaktioner sjuksköterskor hade i samband med vård av patienter med sepsis.

Syftet med denna kvalitativa studie är att få en förståelse för vilken funktion det personliga brevet fyller i rekryteringsprocessen samt om det går att göra en rättvis bedömning utifrån det. Ämnet är relevant att undersöka eftersom personliga brevets funktion börjat ifrågasättas av personer inom HR och rekrytering då det inte menas uppfylla något syfte, utan ger snarare upphov till subjektiva och därmed orättvisa bedömningar. Nio intervjuer har genomförts bland HR personal och rekryterande chefer för att kunna besvara studiens frågeställningar. Som grund till studien har vi utgått från teorier baserade på rekrytering, det personliga brevet samt psykologiska aspekter som kan spela in vid bedömning. Studiens slutsatser är att det personliga brevets betydelse visar sig variera i hög grad. Ett flertal olika aspekter spelar in. Det varierar beroende på vilken sektor tjänsten är inom, vilken befattning den som rekryterar har, vilken tjänst som ska tillsättas, mängden ansökningar som inkommer men också hur mycket tid rekryteraren har att tillgå. Det personliga brevet anses för de flesta inte fylla någon vidare funktion vid ett första urval, då det görs baserat på Cv:t. Brevet ses till stor del som ett komplement till Cv:t, för att fylla ut luckor som kan förekomma. Det visar sig även att det personliga brevet kan ge upphov till subjektiv bedömning i form av både intuition och kognitiva bias, men det framgår bland studiens respondenter att det finns en hög medvetenhet kring detta. Trots det är det svårt att säga om rekryteraren påverkas eller inte, då detta ofta förekommer omedvetet.

Intuition is an important aspect of counseling, several revered counselors have either attested to the powers of their intuition or have had such powers attributed to them by their contemporaries. Moreover, many counselors believe that their intuition is more influential in their work with clients than are evidence-based practices (EBPs). However, the academy criticizes intuition for its susceptibility to cognitive errors and its poor performance when compared to statistical methods. In addition, the exact nature of intuition’s role in counseling is largely unknown. Therefore, its contribution to client outcomes is equally a mystery, making it difficult for counselors to justify their reliance on its powers. Until this study, counselor intuition has been regarded as a, more or less, phantom construct in need of evidence to even suggest that it does in fact exist. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to develop the Counselor Intuition Scale (CIS). The construction of the CIS began by adapting the methodology of instruments already in existence and whose purpose was to measure interpersonal and emotional sensitivity. The construction of the CIS began by creating a series of 39 video segments (lasting approximately two minutes each) depicting a client discussing a presenting problem. The video segments were then reviewed by two rounds of counseling experts (N = 45) whose intuitive responses to the clients featured in the CIS were used to create the criterion responses of the instrument. The expert responses were analyzed using Q-Methodology, the results of which suggested that the counseling experts approached the clients from a unidimensional perspective, which the researcher named "counselor intuition." The expert ratings were also analyzed using generalizability theory to assess the consistency of expert responses, the results of which iv suggested that interrater reliability was excellent, ranging from .88 to .85. Lastly, the experts identified 263 criterion responses that can be used for the future development of the instrument. The implications of the study’s findings, as well as the recommendations for future research are discussed

The purpose of this study was to explore leadership effectiveness from the perspectives of the Full Range Leadership Model and Cognitive Style Theory within the framework of understanding both followers and leaders as individual¿s attitudes to leadership effectiveness. Leadership effectiveness was measured using newly developed self-report instrument, the Leadership Effectiveness Questionnaire (LEQ) with three scales of effectiveness as suggested by Yukl (2002), which were: 1) aims, 2) followers¿ attitude towards the leader and, 3) group processes. The Full Range leadership approaches were measured using Bass & Avolio¿s (1997) Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) Form 5X-Short, whilst cognitive style was gathered by using Allinson & Hayes¿s (1996) Cognitive Style Index (CSI). A two stage (questionnaire survey followed by semi structured interviews) mixed method study was undertaken. Questionnaire data was gathered from 331 followers and 172 leaders in Malaysian Government-Linked Companies, and 10 leaders involved in the interviews. Findings from the survey suggest that a transformational approach was correlated significantly and positively with effectiveness. Intuitive Cognitive Style also correlated significantly with leadership effectiveness. Findings from the semistructured interviews identified a few more characteristics of an effective leadership such as balance and appreciative, whilst new dimensions of cognitive style identified such as rational and holistic. / Ministry of Higher Education (MOHE) Malaysia; and Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (Unimas).