A presente dissertação parte do princípio da relevância da produção arquitetônica para uso residencial no contexto das mudanças sociais ocorridas entre as primeiras décadas do século XX e o período do segundo pós-guerra, bem como da observação de que inúmeras obras residenciais paradigmáticas deste período foram projetadas e executadas por arquitetos para uso próprio. Buscou-se, através do recorte do objeto, estudar a arquitetura que resultou de situações que, embora possam ser consideradas excepcionais na atividade produtiva do arquiteto - e talvez até pelo mesmo motivo - puderam propiciar aos autores estudados a oportunidade de elaborar questões pertinentes à disciplina com mais liberdade, do ponto de vista de condicionantes mercadológicas e sócio-culturais vigentes, do que em situações convencionais de produção. Procuramos também, através da comparação entre as residências próprias de arquitetos e o conjunto de sua produção, compreender em que medida as condicionantes do projeto representadas pela figura do cliente podem interferir no resultado final da obra. O objetivo geral do trabalho consiste no levantamento e classificação de obras residenciais de arquitetos (projetadas e construídas para uso próprio) consideradas relevantes na historiografia da arquitetura mundial e brasileira do período estudado, bem como na análise de sua representatividade no conjunto da obra de seus autores, sua relação com as principais correntes arquitetônicas identificadas para a época e suas contribuições ao pensamento e à cultura arquitetônica do período. Apresentamos também a análise aprofundada de alguns casos individuais, com o objetivo de revelar elementos do programa, processo projetual, linguagem, e valores dos arquitetos estudados - além de sua representatividade em relação ao contexto histórico da disciplina. / This dissertation begins with the relevance of residential architecture within the context of the social transformations of the first decades of the 20th century and the period following World War II. It is noted that many of the milestone residences of that time were designed and built by architects for their own use. This work aims to study the architecture resulting from arguably exceptional situations of architectural production, which provided its architects with the opportunity to elaborate issues pertinent to the discipline with greater freedom - in terms of the market and socio-cultural conditions in force at the time - than would have been possible if these situations had been conventional. We have also sought to understand the measure to which the design constraints imposed by clients can impact on the final result, by comparing the architects\' own homes to their output as a whole. The main objective of this work is to survey and classify the residential projects designed and built by architects for their own use that are considered important in global and Brazilian architectural history for the period under study, as well as analyze them within the context of all their architectural production, their relationships with the main architectural movements at the time and their contributions to architectural thinking and culture. In depth analyses of certain cases are employed to reveal elements of the brief, design process, language and values of the architects in question, as well as their representativeness in relation to the discipline\'s historical context.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T19:20:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CesarSartorelli.pdf: 82712403 bytes, checksum: 53117bf040d047558c5f13fe79e7bff9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-11-25 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Overall this sciences of religions essay is about architecture and art, but mainly its object is to treat specifically the fields wich refer to both the construction of religious spaces, and the hole art contained inside them and rised from them as well. These fields encircle painting, sculpture and, in addition, furniture and special pieces designed for the indoor spaces. More specifically, this essay also builts and reports its reflections based on the contemporary christian artwork and architectural spaces, produced and projected by artist and vernacular architect Claudio Pastro. The analysis in this essay approaches Pastro's biography through his unique process of working and criating, as a painter, pictorial artist, architect and sacred art expert. The second chapter explores Pastro's conceptions between sacred art and religious art, which are indeed different: each conception is clearly refeared, explained, discussed, compared to the other ones, and looked over through the eyes of Mircea Eliade's and Rudolf Otto's fenomenology. Still in the field of the Teology of the Art, the thinking of Romano Guardini about the sacred and the religious is also shown. In the third chapter we have a timeline brief of the history of art and sacred architecture, the bases of Pastro's work; then, a comparative study between his conception about the modern project related to the architecture and the vanguard arts. We also comment some brazilian architects projects, wich he admire and influenced him. Furthermore we comment the II Council of the Vatican and its propositions of liturgical renewal, wich led to the renew of sacred architeture and art, home of Pastro's realm of inspiration and concepts. We end with the analysis and critical reviewing of nine of his chapels and churches already built. In the conclusion, we comment the repercussion of Claudio Pastro's works, and the importance of his figure within the brazilian artistic and architectural panorama, as well as the concerns and limits of his concepts. Alongside with these questions, we leave to open minds some other further questions to be treated, about the relationships between art and religion, and art and the sacred. / Este trabalho em ciências da religião trata de arte e arquitetura, num campo especializado de ambas, que é a construção de espaços religiosos e a arte que nele se insere, abrangendo pintura, escultura, e o design de peças e mobiliário de seu interior. Mais especificamente estaremos tratando de arte e arquitetura sacras cristãs, contemporâneas, através da obra do artista sacro e arquiteto vernacular Claudio Pastro. A análise se inicia através de sua biografia e desenvolvimento de processo de trabalho, como artista plástico, gráfico, arquiteto vernacular e estudioso de arte sacra e espaço litúrgico. A seguir suas concepções, que colocam uma diferenciação entre arte sacra e arte religiosa, serão explicadas e discutidas, observadas através da fenomenologia de Mircea Eliade e Rudolf Otto. No âmbito da Teologia da Arte também exporemos o pensamento de Romano Guardini, citado como fonte dos conceitos de Claudio Pastro sobre sagrado e religioso. No terceiro capítulo fazemos um breve histórico da história da arte e arquitetura sacras, sobre o qual se apoia seu trabalho, acrescido de um estudo comparativo de sua concepção de arquitetura em relação ao projeto moderno , e com as vanguardas artísticas em artes plásticas. Comentamos também alguns projetos de arquitetos brasileiros que o influenciaram e que admira. De dentro da Igreja trataremos do Concílio Vaticano II e suas propostas de renovação litúrgica, que implicaram em renovações na arte e arquitetura sacras, a qual se filia Claudio Pastro. Encerramos com a análise e crítica de nove projetos de capelas e igrejas por ele realizados. Na conclusão situamos a repercussão de seus trabalhos e seu papel dentro da arte e arquitetura sacras católicas brasileiras, na prática, assim como a pertinência e limites de suas concepções e conceitos. No questionamento destes conceitos e concepções situamos questões em aberto, pertinentes à relação entre arte e religião, arte e o sagrado.

I en hårdnande marknad för tillverkande industrier krävs det att förbättringar och effektiviseringar av produktionen hela tiden prioriteras, det gäller även Scanias växellådstillverkning. I takt med att antalet växellådsvarianter ökar, ökar utmaningarna kopplat till styrning och planering av produktion. Denna studie syftar till att ta fram ett förslag på det bästa sättet att styra produktionsflödet genom testningen av växellådor i de testriggar som finns samt att ge ett förslag på hur uppföljningen av produktionen ska gå till. Syftet mynnade ut i en teoretisk och en praktisk frågeställning. Den teoretiska frågeställningen behandlar sekvenseringen, vilka mätetal som ska användas i produktionen och hur de ska presenteras samt om takttid eller cykeltid ska användas som styrningsmetod vid testriggarna. Den praktiska formuleringen behandlade de praktiska hinder som uppstår vid de existerande systemen på grund av de nya förslagen. Studien avgränsade sig från implementering av förslagen. För att uppfylla syftet och besvara frågeställningarna skapades två simuleringsprogram i Python som undersökte sekvenseringen och jämförde takttid och cykeltid som styrningsmetod för testriggarna. Verklig data från produktionen användes för att kunna simulera skillnaderna mellan styrningsförslagen på ett tillförlitligt sätt. I testriggarna utförs arbetet av maskin och operatör parallellt med varandra. Simuleringsprogrammen fokuserade främst på maskinarbetet, därför utfördes kompletterande tidsstudier över operatörsarbetet vid testriggarna. För att få ytterligare perspektiv gjordes dessutom två benchmark i form av besök vid motortillverkningen och bearbetningen av pinjonger och kronhjul på Scania i Södertälje. Studien visade att cykeltidsstyrning är att föredra framför takttidsstyrning vid testriggarna. Vid en övergång från takttidsstyrning till cykeltidsstyrning kommer kapaciteten att förbättras och stopptidsmätningarna bli mer tillförlitliga. De fördelar som annars finns vid en takttidsstyrning fungerar inte vid testriggarna på grund av hur de är utformade. Den stora variationen i cykeltider vid testriggarna medför stora problem vid en takttidsstyrning. Från operatörstidmätningen framgick att det går att förbättra arbetet med standardiserat arbetssätt. Simuleringsprogrammet för sekvenseringen visade att en förbättrad sekvens inte ger något i nuläget, men att det kan komma att förändras framöver. Nya mätetal definierades, både i den dagliga produktionen och för vidare analys i ett IT-system. Framförallt utvecklades mätetal för stopptid som även visar vad för typ av stopptid som uppkommer.

This study is concerned with modern Christian poetry in Afrikaans. Afrikaans poetry, which initially carried the clear stamp of the Afrikaner's Calvinistic view of life, gradually assumed a new image to the extent that it could no longer be recognised as religious and specifically Calvinistic poetry. To the contrary, modern Afrikaans Christian poetry is the expression of a contemporary conceptualisation of the very same gospel. The occasional violent reaction especially of conservative institutions to so called "unchristian" modern poetry in Afrikaans during the past three decades, has prompted this study which attempts to illustrate that modern Afrikaans poetry still exhibits a strong Christian element. The essential qualities of contemporary Christian poetry in Afrikaans are illustrated in the discussion of the works of particular leading Afrikaans poets. Chapter 3 attempts to indicate a transitional stage between traditional and modern Christian poetry by means of an overview of the latest tendencies and approaches, with brief references to the recent poetry of the Louws, the poetry of Peter Blum as the initial exponent of the poetry of the Sixties, and the poetry of Ina Rousseau. The work of Sheila Cussons, eminent Roman Catholic (and thus also Christian) poet who is probably the most impressive contemporary exponent of metaphysical/mystic poetry in Afrikaans, is discussed in chapter 4. Chapter 5 illustrates the traditional Calvinistic Christian point of view and Christian experience as represented in the poetry of I.L. de Villiers. The poetification of the ministry adds new dimension to religions poetry in Afrikaans. Chapter 6 constitutes a discussion of the works of T.T . Cloete, the most significant contemporary Reformed poet in Afrikaans indicating the extent to which the many related facets embodied in his poetry consistently reflect a Christian attitude and are unified in and encompassed by the principle of Soli Deo Gloria. Chapter 7, by way of conclusion, reviews the religious poetry of Lina Spies and Petra Müller who write accessible popular poetry, nevertheless exploring interesting references. In conjunction with the poetry of Ina Rosseau, this poetry represents a contribution to modern Afrikaans religious poetry from a feminine point of view

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This thesis describes a history of Bedřich Reich's mechanical weaving - which was established on the turn of 19th and 20th century in Česká Skalice, a textile region in East Bohemia, by his father Karel Reich. From the historical sources of East Bohemia's archive are in the work mentioned technical proposals related to the factory construction, financial statistics and documents relating to the production of textile. In a separate section is presented the story of a Jewish family of Bedřich Reich, describing an idyllic life between two wars, however, at the time of the protectorate tragically touched by factory aryanization and transport to Terezín and Auschwitz. The main period occurs after the war, when the daughter of Bedřich Reich, Eva, returned as the only one home to Česká Skalice. In years 1945-1989, the factory became part of the national corporation Lina Jaroměř and later Mileta Hořice. The final part covers the beginning of the 90s, when the factory was returned in restitution to the descendants of Mrs. Reichová - Zelená.