Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:25:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Eliana Cruz Yoshida.pdf: 832230 bytes, checksum: 2a96519ccc0f980ce7dead070bae704a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-02-17 / Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa / This study analyzes the demography of the multiple banks in Brazil by utilizing longitudinal data which expands between periods of 1988 until 2009. The purpose of this research is analyzes the evolution of multiple banks, on these aspects: organizational diversity, age and mortality. Mainly, a multiple bank s origin can be: a) bank sector when the multiple bank originates from a development bank, a commercial bank or an investment bank; b) none-bank sector when the multiple bank birth from another kind of financial company, except banks. At first, through a perspective of the Ecology Organizational Theory, this research analyzes the organizational form of these banks that was in activity, and through an application of clusters analysis showing this population s feature and its organizational diversity. Then second, by utilizing the Weibull model, it is generated a life data analysis to identify, among others results, positive age dependence in mortality (cancelation) rates for these Brazilian multiple banks, describing a liability of obsolescence or senescence. At last, by using two statistical techniques (test chi-square and Weibull model), it was possible to gather evidence that a relationship exist between source and cancelation rates, because multiple banks that began its activity in none-bank sector have been canceled faster than those that began in bank sector; moreover, cancelation rates for this population varies depending on the bank s origin. The main value of this research is the fact that it is a population demography study in retrospect to life and death of multiple banks, an issue that has not been explored at national academic literature in depth. / Este estudo realiza uma análise demográfica da população dos bancos múltiplos no Brasil, por meio de um estudo longitudinal, que abrange o período de 1988 a 2009. O objetivo geral desta pesquisa é analisar a evolução da população de bancos múltiplos no Brasil a partir da diversidade organizacional, idade e mortalidade dessas instituições financeiras. Um banco múltiplo, geralmente, nasce a partir de outra instituição financeira que já atuava no Sistema Financeiro Nacional e que se transforma nesse tipo de banco. Portanto, a origem dos bancos múltiplos pode ocorrer dentro de dois grupos: a) do setor bancário - quando o banco múltiplo nasce da transformação de um banco comercial, banco de investimento ou banco de desenvolvimento; b) do setor não bancário quando o banco múltiplo nasce da transformação de uma sociedade corretora de títulos e valores mobiliários, sociedade distribuidora de títulos e valores mobiliários, sociedade de crédito, financiamento e investimento, sociedade de arrendamento mercantil, sociedade de crédito imobiliário ou caixa econômica. Sob a perspectiva da Teoria Ecológica das Organizações, em um primeiro momento, este trabalho analisa a forma organizacional dos bancos múltiplos em atividade, por meio de uma análise de agrupamentos, identificando o perfil dessa população e a sua diversidade organizacional. Em um segundo momento, com o emprego do modelo baseado na distribuição Weibull, é realizado uma análise de dados de vida da população estudada, identificando, entre outros resultados, a dependência positiva da idade nas taxas de cancelamento, descrevendo uma suscetibilidade da obsolescência ou da senescência. Por fim, com a aplicação de duas ferramentas estatísticas, o teste qui-quadrado e a distribuição Weibull, evidencia-se que existe relação entre a origem e a idade de cancelamento desses bancos, tendo em vista que os bancos múltiplos provenientes do setor não bancário têm sua autorização para funcionamento cancelada mais rapidamente do que os provenientes do setor bancário; além disso, as taxas de cancelamento para a população variam, dependendo da origem desses bancos. A principal contribuição desta pesquisa é justamente o fato de ser um estudo de demografia populacional, assunto pouco explorado na literatura acadêmica nacional.

由於全球環境問題的日益嚴重與國際化，以及民眾環境意識的提升，國際環保公約以及國際環保標準陸續的被制定與公佈，以因應環境問題。有鑑於此，領先約企業也逐步發展同時嘉惠企業、消費者、環境的三贏策略，期望「綠色創新」能夠成為另一種企業競爭力的來源。 本研究將環境管理理論做一回顧，也對 Piasecki 及溫肇東的「企業環境策略與管理理論」做了更進一步的強化，並輔以相關的組織理論，包括組織演化論、轉型領導論、組織學習論、策略選擇論、自然選擇（生態）論、及機構論等。並藉由個案分析，期望能夠對組織綠化提供一些田野實證研究，並嘗試回答下列幾個問題： 1．組織綠化的啟始動機為何？ 2．組織推動了哪些綠化的行動？ 3．組織綠化會對組織造成何種影響？ 4．組織綠化過程中有哪些組織理論是可以應用得上的？ 本研究的研究對象分成兩部份，第一部份是次級資料個案內容分析，蒐集他人直接間接對於國內外組織綠化的研究個案；第二部份則是重要組織個案實地訪查，本研究選取了三個單位，分別是企業界的永豐餘造紙、科技研究發展單位工業技術研究院，以及媒體天下雜誌。 本研究在經過文獻回顧與探討，蒐集多家國內外企業組織在組織綠化上做法的相關次級資料，以及實地訪談永豐餘造紙、工研院以及天下雜誌推動組織綠化的情況之後，針對研究問題歸納出下列 13 個研究發現： 研究發現 1 組織型態不同，綠化壓力來源不同 研究發現 2 組織在推動綠化時，都會訂定環境政策 研究發現 3 推動綠化的組織，其高階管理者多是組織的綠色領袖 研究發現 4 組織推動綠化時多設有環保專責組織、人員，或由任務編組成立環境委員會。主要的職責多為訂定政策、目標，以及注意法規的發展 研究發現 5 推動組織綠化會引進新的知識或管理工具 研究發現 6 有些組織是以透過技術提升來推動綠化工作 研究發現 7 組織的綠化會透過獎勵來鼓勵員工推動綠化工作 研究發現 8 企業仍可透過傳統組織溝通的方式傳達綠色訊息 研究發現 9 透過組織綠化行動可塑造出綠色企業文化 研究發現 10 國外企業組織較重視對外環保溝通，尤其是與社區的關係 研究發現 11 組織綠化也會透過策略聯盟的方式進行 研究發現 12 組織推動綠化獲得的效益最明顯的是成本的節省、銷售量提升以及增強競爭力 研究發現13 組織對於環保的回應是處於被動／反應與接納性／參與之間 / Because of the more and more serious worldwide environmental problems andglobal badly pollution enents, the wave of the international environmentalconvention and the international environmental protection standard undoubtedlyhas become the unavoidable issue to run an enterprise. According to this, theleading enterprises start to gradually develop the three-win strategy which can benefit the enterprise, the consumer, and the environment at the same time.With the three-win strategy, we hope that environmentalists will not be illagainst the enterprises and that greening can become another source of enterprise competitive capability. The dissertataion not only widely review the environmental management theory, but also reinforce Piasecki and Chao-Tung Wen's "Corporate EnvironmentalStrategy and Management Theory" with the study of related organizational theoryby case analysis. We expect to provide organizational greening with positiveresearches and try to answer the raised questions below.1.What is the motivation of organizational greening?2.What greening actions have the organizations taken?3.What impact on organizations does the organizational greening have?4.Which organizational theory can be applied in the process of organizationalgreening have? The dissertation take the five elements form Piasecki and Chao-Tung Wen'senvironmental strategy and management structure as five analysis dimensions, which are strategic recognition and commitment, new title and functions, newmanagement tools, einvornmental communication, and strategic alliance. After reviewing the papers and case analysis physically, the dissertationhas thirteen research findings.

<p>I USA infördes begreppet informationsoperationer i mitten av 1990-talet och det har sedan dess skett en stor utveckling inom detta fält. Även i den svenska Försvarsmakten har konceptetinformationsoperationer införts och en utveckling och uppbyggnad av förmågor inom detta koncept pågår. Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka huruvida konceptet informationsoperationers uppkomst i Försvarsmakten kan utgöra ett exempel på idéspridning. Utgångspunkten är att USA som en av världens ledande försvarsmakter är trendsättare för andra försvarsmakter i västvärlden, däribland den svenska Försvarsmakten. Med utgångspunkt i teorin om idéspridning undersöks om den amerikanska idén om informationsoperationer har spridit sig och snappats upp av Försvarsmakten som sedan översatt idén efter sina egna förutsättningar. Uppsatsen beskriver informationsoperationers uppkomst i USA och hur begreppet har fått fäste och utvecklats i Försvarsmakten. Vidare beskrivs hur idén tagit organisatorisk form i Försvarsmakten i syfte att utifrån teorin om lokal översättning undersöka hur detta skiljer sig från det amerikanska konceptet. I slutsatserna konstateras att teorin om idéspridning är tillämpbar i det här fallet och att det också skett vissa anpassningar av idén när Försvarsmakten implementerat den i sin egen organisation.</p> / <p>The concept of information operations was introduced in the US in the middle of the 1990’s and has since that time developed and a lot of things have happened in that field during the last decade. The development of information operations is going on in the Swedish Armed Forces as well. The purpose of this essay is to study whether the introduction of the concept of information operationsin the Swedish Armed Forces can be seen as an example of the spreading of ideas according to new institutional theory. With the premise that the US, with one of the worlds leading armed forces, functions as a trend setter for other nations in the western part of the world this essay investigates if it is the American idea about information operations that has been adopted by the Swedish Armed Forces. Furthermore it investigates whether the idea, if it has been adopted, has been copied or translated to fit the new organization. The essay starts with describing the concept of informationoperations in the US, how it was introduced and how it is currently used. Then follows a presentation about how information operations, as a concept, has developed in the Swedish Armed Forces. Differences between how the concept of information operations has been implemented in the organizations is presented and discussed in order to try the theory about local translation of ideas. The major conclusions is that the concept of information operations’ introduction in the Swedish armed forces can function as an example of the new institutional theory about the spreading of ideas and that there has been some adaptations of the concept in order to fit the organization.</p>

I USA infördes begreppet informationsoperationer i mitten av 1990-talet och det har sedan dess skett en stor utveckling inom detta fält. Även i den svenska Försvarsmakten har konceptetinformationsoperationer införts och en utveckling och uppbyggnad av förmågor inom detta koncept pågår. Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka huruvida konceptet informationsoperationers uppkomst i Försvarsmakten kan utgöra ett exempel på idéspridning. Utgångspunkten är att USA som en av världens ledande försvarsmakter är trendsättare för andra försvarsmakter i västvärlden, däribland den svenska Försvarsmakten. Med utgångspunkt i teorin om idéspridning undersöks om den amerikanska idén om informationsoperationer har spridit sig och snappats upp av Försvarsmakten som sedan översatt idén efter sina egna förutsättningar. Uppsatsen beskriver informationsoperationers uppkomst i USA och hur begreppet har fått fäste och utvecklats i Försvarsmakten. Vidare beskrivs hur idén tagit organisatorisk form i Försvarsmakten i syfte att utifrån teorin om lokal översättning undersöka hur detta skiljer sig från det amerikanska konceptet. I slutsatserna konstateras att teorin om idéspridning är tillämpbar i det här fallet och att det också skett vissa anpassningar av idén när Försvarsmakten implementerat den i sin egen organisation. / The concept of information operations was introduced in the US in the middle of the 1990’s and has since that time developed and a lot of things have happened in that field during the last decade. The development of information operations is going on in the Swedish Armed Forces as well. The purpose of this essay is to study whether the introduction of the concept of information operationsin the Swedish Armed Forces can be seen as an example of the spreading of ideas according to new institutional theory. With the premise that the US, with one of the worlds leading armed forces, functions as a trend setter for other nations in the western part of the world this essay investigates if it is the American idea about information operations that has been adopted by the Swedish Armed Forces. Furthermore it investigates whether the idea, if it has been adopted, has been copied or translated to fit the new organization. The essay starts with describing the concept of informationoperations in the US, how it was introduced and how it is currently used. Then follows a presentation about how information operations, as a concept, has developed in the Swedish Armed Forces. Differences between how the concept of information operations has been implemented in the organizations is presented and discussed in order to try the theory about local translation of ideas. The major conclusions is that the concept of information operations’ introduction in the Swedish armed forces can function as an example of the new institutional theory about the spreading of ideas and that there has been some adaptations of the concept in order to fit the organization.

The purpose of this essay is to describe the organization of the Swedish Animal WelfareAgency during the time it was in operation. The Swedish Animal Welfare Agency was established in 2005 by the government who saw it as necessary in order to strengthen the protection of cruelty to animals in Sweden. However, the agency was shut down already in2007 and its responsibilities as an agency was moved back to the government and the department of agriculture. During its time in operation, the Swedish Animal Welfare Agency, received much criticism, among other things because of its interpretations of the law which were seen as too focused on details and thus “bureaucratic”. In order to describe the organization of the agency the theoretical approach of this study is based on three of Bo Rothstein’s ideal administration models; the legal bureaucratic, thepolitical oriented and the user oriented model. The purpose is to see which one of these ideal administrations the Swedish Animal Welfare Agency was most like, through an organizational perspective. There will also be a comparison over time, from the establishing to the shutting down of the agency in order to see if the organization of the agency had changed over time. The method used for this paper is a qualitative text-based analysis where the central arguments concerning the organization of the agency will be highlighted and interpreted from the different criteria of the administration models. The study showed that the organization of the Swedish Animal Welfare Agency can be described as a legal bureaucratic administration. The comparison over time showed that the organization of the agency did not change, it could be described as legal bureaucratic when it was established as well as when it was shut down. This shows that the criticism of the agency of being too “bureaucratic” might be justified but the legitimacy of the agency’s organization was based on bureaucratic principles.

Sammanfattning Bakgrund: Enligt svenska försvarsmakten är den militära professionen under ständig förändring. Stora förändringar sker frekvent inom Försvarsmakten som organisation och kommer i förlängningen leda till nyttiga erfarenheter och kunskaper i framtiden. I sak är detta självklart men det finns även fler faktorer som vi ser mer troligt har större påverkan, exempelvis karriärmodellens utformning, metoder vid rekrytering, uppföljning av samhället och dess värderingar, förändringar och utvecklingar som sker inom teknik, inlärningsstilar och förväntningarna från de nya kommande generationerna. Nuvarande karriärmodell avseende taktiska officerare i den svenska försvarsmakten belönar avancemang och inte fördjupade kunskaper. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att undersöka vetenskaplig litteratur avseende militär karriär med fokus på den svenska försvarsmaktens karriärmodell. Till syftet valdes följande frågeställningar: Vilka teoretiska aspekter finns för en karriärmodell? Hur påverkar karriärmodeller taktiska officerare? Vilken teoretisk bärighet har den svenska försvarsmaktens karriärmodell? Metod: Denna studie är en kvalitativ systematiskt litteraturstudie med latent innehållsanalys som har genomförts med ett induktivt arbetssätt. Analysens metod inkluderade också det hermeneutiska perspektivet, där insamlad data sammanfördes till allmänna principer. Det organisationsteoretiska perspektivet valdes för att beskriva, förenkla och tydliggöra fenomenet med karriärmodell. Som källmaterial har internationella och svenska vetenskapliga artiklar samt böcker använts.    Resultat: I den undersökta litteraturen fanns flera faktorer som påverkade den militära karriären och dess karriärmodell, både nationellt och internationellt, såsom komplexitet i officersrollen, hur olika karriärmodeller ser ut idag, utvecklingen av karriärmodeller och karriärplanering samt att HR-funktionen i en organisation bör ta ett större ansvar. Det framkom också att en mer mångfacetterad karriärmodell kan komma att gynna en organisation i det längre perspektivet. / Abstract   Background: According to the Swedish Armed Forces, the military profession is constantly changing. Major changes occur frequently within the armed forces as an organization and will in the future lead to useful experiences and knowledge in the future. In essence, this is self-evident, but there are also more factors that we see more likely to have greater impact, such as the design of the career model, methods of recruitment, follow-up of society and its values, changes and developments that occur in technology, learning styles and the expectations of the new coming generations. The current career model regarding tactical officers in the Swedish Armed Forces rewards advancement and not in-depth knowledge. Objective: The aim of the study was to examine scientific literature on military careers focusing on the Swedish Armed Forces' career model. The following questions were selected for the purpose: What theoretical aspects are there for a career model? How do career models affect tactical officers? What theoretical bearing does the Swedish Armed Forces career model have? Method: This study is a qualitative systematic literature study with latent content analysis conducted with an inductive method. The method of analysis also included the hermeneutic perspective, in which collected data was combined into general principles. The organizational theoretical perspective was chosen to describe, simplify and clarify the phenomenon with a career model. International and Swedish scientific articles and books have been used as source material. Results: In the literature examined there were several factors that influenced the military career and its career model, both nationally and internationally, such as complexity in the role of officers, how different career models look today, the development of career models and career planning and that the HR function of an organization should take a greater responsibility. It also emerged that a more multifaceted career model may benefit an organization in the longer term.

京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(経済学) / 甲第22953号 / 経博第628号 / 新制||経||295(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院経済学研究科経済学専攻 / (主査)教授 若林 直樹, 教授 椙山 泰生, 教授 原 良憲 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Economics / Kyoto University / DFAM

How does public authority maintain their legitimacy in society? According to theory of institutional adjustment they maintain their authority by adapting to different criteria and modern trends society. One most famous social trend in Sweden has for the last decades been NPM, which shortly means adjusting the organization by making it more like the private sectors companies. This could mean adjusting the entire organization or just taking small influences. Large institutions in the public sector are by mostly related to something rigid and unchanging, but the research declares that even large institutions adapt their structure to maintain legitimacy. This means they only partly change the formal administration to be presented to the public but remain the same in informal structures. Research also tells that some administrations partly change by adjusting the trends to their specific purpose and profession. Riksdagsförvaltningen is the public administration of the Swedish Parliament and is one of the largest institutions in Swedish public sector. The question of this thesis is how does Riksdagsförvaltningen as an institution with such closeness to the political structure of parliament adapt to modern trends or why not? Could the institutional adjustment be affected by its purpose and profession? In this thesis managers in Riksdagsförvaltningen have been interviewed for investigating this question in a qualitative content analysis. The conclusion is that Riksdagsförvaltningen may adjust their formal administration while the mentality and organizational culture of the institution remain the same. It also adapts specific trends to fit its purpose by remaining as a traditional bureaucracy and bringing in ideals from NPM. The closeness to the parliament creates a complicated situation to both pleasure the members of parliament and maintain the values of the administration.

Syfte: Denna studie ämnar beskriva och analysera organisationsformer och ledarskap inom svensk golfverksamhet. Svensk golf är speciell eftersom den både finns i ideell form inom Riksidrottsförbundets ramar, i kombination med ett aktiebolag och som rent kommersiell verksamhet. Svensk idrottsverksamhet lägger högt fokus på samhällsvärde, samtidigt som organisationer behöver hantera en komplex ekonomisk verksamhet. Oavsett verksamhetsform kan friktion uppstå och organisationer med multipla institutionella logiker behöver hantera de krav som skapas.   Metod: Studien utfördes genom intervjuer med nio klubbchefer inom tre olika organisationsformer. Klubbchefer valdes för att de antogs ha insyn i verksamheten. Urvalet var strategiskt för att få så stor bredd som möjligt beträffande verksamhetsform, geografi, ålder och kön. Analysen genomfördes tematiskt och utgår ifrån analysprocessen ”Big Q” (Braun, Clarke &amp; Weate, 2016) för att studera intervjupersonernas livsvärld i den svenska idrottskontexten.   Analys: Med hjälp av ny-institutionell organisationsteori diskuteras utmaningar och strategier för de olika organisationerna och för klubbcheferna som leder dem. Ett organisationsschema över golfverksamhet i Sverige presenteras för att ge en beskrivning av den kontext studien analyserar. Här beskrivs klubbchefen som ”spindeln i nätet” vilket representerar den övergripande arbetsroll hen besitter, oavsett organisationsform. Vidare presenteras en tillämpbar praktisk modell för att sammanställa och jämföra organisationsformerna.   Slutsats: De konkurrerande logikerna visar sig kunna hanteras väl inom golfen i Sverige. Verksamheterna i denna studie arbetar med ett integrerat ledningsorgan som tar hänsyn till både den samhällsfrämjande logiken och den finansiella logiken. Klubbchefen är den hybrida individen som håller samman organisationen. En återkommande utmaning är dock hög arbetsbelastning på klubbchef på grund av bristfälliga resurser, både ekonomiska möjligheter och stöd från ideellt arbetande inom organisationen. Golfaren som medlem eller kund är en central fråga för framtiden. / Purpose: This study means to describe and analyze organizational forms and management in Swedish golf organizations. Swedish golf stands out because it governs in associations within the Swedish Sport Confederations framework, in combination with an incorporated company and as a commercialized business. Swedish sports prioritize societal value and simultaneously needs to manage a complex financial business. Regardless organizational form can tension arise and organizations with multiple institutional logics needs to manage the challenges created.   Method: The study conducted interviews with nine general managers in three different organizational forms. General managers were chosen because they assumed to have insight in the organization. The sample was made strategically to get a wide population regarding organizational form, location, age, and gender. The analyze process performed thematically was inspired by the strategy “Big Q” (Braun, Clarke &amp; Weate, 2016) to study the interviewees workday in the Swedish sport context.   Analysis: With aid from new institutionalized theory discusses challenges and strategies for the differentialized organizations and for the general manager who leads them. A club structure is presented to describe the Swedish context. The general manager describes as “the spider in the web” which represents the comprehensive work role possessed, regardless organizational form. The study also presents a practical model is to summarize and compare the organizational forms.   Conclusion: The competing logics is shown to be handled well in Swedish golf organizations. The organizations in this study govern through an integrated management which considers both social value logic and the financial logic. The general manager is the hybrid individual which holds the organization together. A recurrent challenge is a high workload on the general manager created by inadequate resources, both economic resources and lack of support from voluntary workforce. The golfer as a member or a customer is a central question for the future.

The subject of this study deals with the work of social workers with unaccompanied children. The problem is presented from a perspective where statistics show that a large proportion of unaccompanied children are compulsorily cared for in youth care for problems such as substance abuse, crime and vagabondage. The study's hypothesis is insofar as there is a problem in the performance of the social services regarding their assignment towards unaccompanied children. Based on the problem, the purpose of the study is to investigate whether social workers experience a problem or obstacle in their work with unaccompanied children in relation to social workers' assignments and professional role, and what factors may have an obstacle. The essay has therefore been carried out according to a qualitative methodology and includes semi-structured interviews with three social workers that describe their experiences of working with unaccompanied children. The conclusions show that the main problems that social workers experience in their work with unaccompanied children are time pressure and a high workload.