Tyrimo objektas: sėdimą darbą dirbančių žmonių nugaros raumenų skausmas. Tyrimo problema: spartėjant šiuolaikinėms technologijoms atsiranda vis daugiau sėdimą darbą dirbančių žmonių. Ilgas sėdėjimas prie kompiuterio, dažni aplinkos stresoriai, mažas fizinis aktyvumas, netaisyklinga laikysena ir neergonomiški baldai neigiamai veikia sveikatą. Todėl vis daugiau žmonių skundžiasi su ilgalaike sėdima padėtimi susijusiais negalavimais. Vienas dažniausiai pasitaikančių negalavimų yra nugaros raumenų skausmas, dėl kurio mažėja darbingumas, nukenčia gyvenimo kokybė. Tyrimo tikslas – nustatyti aplinkos stresorių, ergonomiškumo ir fizinių pratimų poveikį nugaros skausmui sėdimą darbą dirbantiems žmonėms. Hipotezė: manome, kad daugiau sveikatos sutrikimų turės žmonės, kurie dirba sėdimą darbą, patiria stresą ir jam šalinti pasirenka žalingus įpročius, nei tie, kurie dirba sėdimą darbą, bet renkasi fizinius pratimus. Išvados: sėdim���� darbą dirbantieji teigiamai darbo vietos ergonomiką vertina: privačiame sektoriuje 35%, valstybiniame – 16,25% ir dirbantys nevyriausybiniame sektoriuje – 1,3%. Net 60,6% tiriamųjų visą darbo laiką praleidžia toje pačioje padėtyje. Stresą patiria 77,5% tiriamųjų, o streso poveikis pasireiškia nuovargiu (32,5%), išsiblaškymu (21,3%) ir dėmesio stoka (17,5%). Raumenų skausmą jaučia 98,7% sėdimą darbą dirbančiųjų. Dažniausiai jaučiamas pečių juostos ir kaklo raumenų įtempimas bei nugaros skausmas, kurio dydis 4,8 balo. Fiziniai pratimai patikimai (p<0,05)... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Object of study: Back muscles’ pain of people, who perform sedentary jobs. Problem of study: As modern technologies speed up, more and more people start performing sedentary jobs. The health is negatively influenced by the sitting in front of the computer, by common stressors in surroundings, by decreased physical activity, by wrong posture and by unergonomic furniture. As a result, more and more people start complaining of the conditions, related to the long sitting position. One of the most common complaints is the pain of back muscles that decreases efficiency, affects the quality of life. Aim of study: Determine the impact of the surroundings’ stressors, ergonomicity and physical exercises on the back muscles’ pain of people who perform sedentary job. Hypothesis of study: We believe that the people who perform sedentary jobs, experience stress and choose addiction for its elimination have more health problems than people who perform sedentary jobs, but choose physical activity and exercises. Conclusions: People who perform sedentary jobs positively assess the ergonomics of work place: 35% in private sector, 16.25% in public sector, and 1.3% in non-governmental sector. Stress is experienced by 77.5% of participants, and the impact of stress is manifested by fatigue (32.5%), distraction (21.3%), and the lack of attention (17.5%). The pain of muscles is experienced by 98.7% of sedentary jobs performing people. Most commonly is experienced the pain of shoulder girdle and... [to full text]

Syfte: I ett snabbt föränderligt och konkurrensutsatt företagsklimat är det viktigt att prestera på topp för att göra karriär och klättra snabbt inom en organisation. Ett område där forskningen kommit lång vad gäller prestation på topp är inom elitidrotten, där idrottarna behöver kunna prestera på begäran och klara av att hantera press och stress för att lyckas med detta. Viktiga faktorer för att klara av det är de s.k. sekundära kompetenserna, mentala kompetenser och förmågor som kan underlätta prestation. Syftet med denna studie är att belysa hur individer kan nå framgång i sin yrkesutövning genom att arbeta med att förbättra sekundära kompetenser och utveckla sin verktygslåda för prestation med hjälp av lärdomar från individuella idrottare och därigenom utvecklas till att bli företagsatleter.   Metod: Ämnet har studerats utifrån ett hermeneutiskt perspektiv och aktörssynsättet varit det grundläggande synsättet. Studien har en abduktiv ansats och ämnet har studerats med hjälp av en fallstudie. Arbetet inleds med en teoretisk överblick, följt av en empirisk undersökning. Denna fallstudie har haft en kvalitativ ansats och intervjuer har genomförts med tio respondenter från idrottsvärlden. Det material som tagits fram i den empiriska undersökningen har transkriberats och sedan analyserats tillsammans med tidigare forskning för att skapa en så tydlig bild som möjligt över området.   Resultat &amp; slutsats: Genom studien har en ökad förståelse för vilka faktorer som är viktiga för en företagsatlet nåtts. Dessa kompetenser, och teknik för användning av kompetenserna har utvecklats med utgångspunkt i hur elitidrottare arbetar med dessa.   Förslag till vidare forskning: I denna studie berördes endast ett fall och en typ av idrottare. I vidare forskning behöver flera olika fall och flera olika typer av idrottare studeras, för att till fullo utveckla ämnesområdet.   Uppsatsens bidrag: Studien visar på ett antal kompetenser och färdigheter som kan användas av företagsatleter för att nå större framgång och prestera bättre på arbetet, samt hur dessa ska användas. Dessa kompetenser har samlats i en verktygslåda för prestation i slutet av arbetet.   Nyckelord: Företagsatlet, sekundära kompetenser, maximal prestation, elitidrott, prestera på begäran. / Aim: In an ever changing and more competitive business climate, it is important to perform on maximal level to get ahead and climb to the top of the organization. The research on how to get to the top has come very far in the area of elite sports, the athletes have to perform at maximum levels and handle pressure well to win the medals. Important factors to be able to do this are the so-called secondary competencies, mental competencies that will make performing easier. The aim of this paper is to show how individuals can improve their work by learning from athletes in individual sports and how they, at the workplace, can work with development and improvement of the secondary competencies and thereby become corporate athletes.   Method: The subject has been studied from a hermeneutic perspective, where the operator approach has been the basic view. This study has an abductive attempt and the subject has been studied by a case study. A theoretical framework of the topic, followed by empirical research, starts the paper.  The case study had a qualitative approach, ten interviews has been made with respondents from the world of elite sports. The material from the empirical research has been transcribed and analyzed together with the theoretical framework to create a clear view of the research area.   Result &amp; Conclusion: This paper aims to give the reader a better understanding over mental abilities and factors that affect a corporate athlete. These competencies and abilities, and technique for using them have been developed from the base of elite athletes and their work with the abilities.   Suggestions for future research: This study were based on one case only, it would be interesting to look into another case and another type of athletes, as well as testing the tools in the corporate world.   Contribution of the thesis: This study show a number of competencies and abilities that can be used by a corporate athlete in order to be more successful and perform better at work. In the end of the paper, these competencies and user techniques has been collected in a toolbox for performance.   Key words: Corporate athlete, secondary competencies, maximal performance, elite sport, perform on demand, high performers.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:51:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 4268.pdf: 1388418 bytes, checksum: 83f73969216181e55c65b055af48ea29 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-28 / Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos / The changes occurred in the agricultural scenario after the markets deregulation have resulted in the need for public policies to family farmers. Through a Federal initiative, in the 2003 Food Purchase Program PAA has started, in this program family farmers sell their production at the municipal institution, as the Municipal Agriculture and Food Supply-SMAA in São Carlos city. The purchased products from the PAA are intended for popular restaurants and the food bank in the city. The PAA development became necessary to have a model that constantly evaluates the suppliers performance. To this end, this dissertation proposes a model for the suppliers evaluation using a scorecard to evaluate and to rank the performance of family farmers in the PAA in São Carlos city SMAA. In the theoretical framework the themes related to family farming, logistics and supply chain management, measurement and evaluation of performance and perfect order fulfillment were used. In order to develop the case study, the data were collected from the SMAA through interviews and semi-structured questionnaires applied to the program equip. Supported on the information obtained, we designed a model that seeks to reconcile the needs of the SMAA with the requirements of a perfect order. The model evaluates suppliers through the indicators of uniformity, maturity level, pests and diseases, timely, complete delivery and future delivery. These indicators are given different weights according to the importance assigned by the SMAA. The application of the pilot test occurred in a sample of eight suppliers and it resulted in some modifications in order to facilitate its application. The model application can provide higher quality products, meeting the demand of popular restaurants and food bank and allow the SMAA seek improvement actions with suppliers and contribute to the supply of products served is constant to this segment of the population. / As mudanças ocorridas no cenário agrícola após a desregulamentação dos mercados resultaram na necessidade de políticas públicas voltadas aos agricultores familiares. Por meio de uma iniciativa Federal, surgiu em 2003, o Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos - PAA, no qual os agricultores familiares comercializam sua produção junto aos órgãos públicos municipais, como a Secretaria Municipal de Agricultura e Abastecimento - SMAA do município de São Carlos. Os produtos adquiridos pelo PAA são destinados aos restaurantes populares e ao banco de alimentos do município. Com o desenvolvimento do PAA, tornou-se necessária a existência de um modelo que avalie constantemente o desempenho dos fornecedores, ou seja, dos agricultores familiares. Para isso, esta dissertação teve com objetivo propor um modelo de avaliação dos fornecedores utilizando um scorecard que avalie e classifique o desempenho dos agricultores familiares do PAA da SMAA do município de São Carlos - SP. Como marco teórico foram utilizados os temas referentes à agricultura familiar, logística e gestão da cadeia de suprimentos, medição e avaliação de desempenho e pedido perfeito. Para o desenvolvimento do estudo de caso foram coletados dados junto a SMAA por meio de entrevistas e aplicação de questionários semi-estruturados aos envolvidos no programa. Com base nas informações obtidas, foi elaborado um modelo, que busca conciliar as necessidades da SMAA junto aos requisitos de um pedido perfeito. O modelo avalia os fornecedores por meio dos indicadores de uniformidade, nível de maturidade, pragas e doenças, pontualidade, entrega completa e entrega futura. Estes indicadores receberam pesos distintos, de acordo com a importância atribuída pela SMAA. A aplicação do teste piloto ocorreu em uma amostra de oito fornecedores e resultou em algumas modificações com o objetivo de facilitar sua aplicação. A aplicação do modelo poderá proporcionar aumento da qualidade dos produtos, atendimento da demanda dos restaurantes populares e banco de alimentos e permitirá à SMAA buscar ações de melhorias junto aos fornecedores e contribuir para que o abastecimento de produtos servidos à esse segmento específico da população seja constante.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-08T17:06:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 122562.pdf: 4648704 bytes, checksum: b8d15231e9613b7a23f61a2cc5bd8227 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-31 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This dissertation represents the result of a research of manuscripts held at the Mário de Andrade s Archive, IEB-USP, São Paulo, and with the published works of this author, aiming to detect the repertoire of the Brazilian fiddles in his work. Part of the pieces was played in Brazilian fiddles, for analysis through the approach of &#8215;learning to perform , as presented by John Baily. The dissertation presents the content in three chapters: the first discusses the ethnomusicological research with musical instruments; the second is about the Brazilian fiddles; the last one brings the repertoire of these instruments found inside the Mário de Andrade s work and a proposal of how to approach it in a practical way. / O presente trabalho é resultado de uma pesquisa de manuscritos realizada no Arquivo Mário de Andrade (IEB-USP) e em trabalhos publicados do autor, para detectar o repertório de rabecas em sua obra. Parte das músicas foi tocada na rabeca, para análise de acordo com a abordagem de &#8213;aprender a performar&#8214; (&#8213;learn to perform&#8214;), como discutida pelo etnomusicólogo John Baily. A dissertação apresenta três capítulos: o primeiro discute a pesquisa em etnomusicologia sobre instrumentos musicais; o segundo aborda as rabecas brasileiras; o último traz o levantamento do repertório de rabecas e uma proposta de como se abordar esse repertório de maneira prática.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:07:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AuristelaCC.pdf: 405652 bytes, checksum: ffac73459635c9a67e473a5bb77a3591 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-12-08 / This work aims at encouraging the reading or rereading of tales such as Um homem c?lebre , Cantiga de esponsais , Terps?core , Trio em l? menor , O machete , and Marcha f?nebre from the Brazilian writer Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis, hoping to find in them the manifestations of musicality, which is understood, from the viewpoint of contemporary musical theories, as dinamicity indications resulting from the melopaico (melodious verse) stimulus to the understanding of words and/or images, which are inserted in the writing static body from the literary procedures transferring to the text specific characteristics from other arts, such as music, poetry, performatic dance e theater. Such procedures, which are reflected in the writing as a product of Machado s close repertory, often favor, through the fiction, the delineation of the musical context from Rio de Janeiro in the 19th century, as well as the social implications that the transformations of the musical scene impose on the subjectivity constitution / Este trabalho busca o empreendimento de uma (re)leitura dos contos Um homem c?lebre , Cantiga de esponsais , Terps?core , Trio em l? menor , O machete e Marcha f?nebre do escritor fluminense Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis, procurando neles observar as manifesta??es de musicalidade, entendendo-se musicalidade sob o ponto de vista das teorias musicais contempor?neas, ou seja, como indica??es de dinamicidade decorrentes do est?mulo melopaico ? apreens?o das palavras e/ou imagens que se inscrevem no corpo est?tico da escrita a partir de procedimentos liter?rios que transportam para o texto caracter?sticas pr?prias de outras artes como m?sica, poesia, dan?a e teatro perform?ticos. Tais procedimentos, que se refletem na escritura como produto do repert?rio ?ntimo machadiano, acabam muitas vezes por favorecer, atrav?s da fic??o, o delineamento do contexto musical do Rio de Janeiro do s?culo XIX, bem como das implica??es sociais que as transforma??es do cen?rio musical impunham ? constitui??o da subjetividade

IT security provides comprehensive picture both internally and externally by act of ensuring that data is not lost when critical issues arise. In spite of the world has now been replaced with an imperative approach. The companies are using widely desktop computers, laptops, ipads, smart phones and workstation. The sum of all this has been influence to the IT based information and communication system in companies.   The purpose is to do research by taking a critical look at how different kind of business and non-business companies manage their IT security in Pakistan and Sweden with specific emphasis on the administrative controls. As the IT security has a list of steps but the authors focused on three major functions: IT security policy, IT security plan and IT security risk analysis.   As soon as the topic was selected the emphasis was laid on collecting and reading material related to the IT security. It became clear that the most relevant and interesting task was not merely to investigate how different companies in Pakistan and Sweden manage their IT security but infact try to understand what kind of steps and measures lies behind to achieve them. The method was adopted qualitative because it fulfil the requirements which authors want to achieve in the form of deeper understanding how different companies manage IT security in two different countries.   This study concluded that Pakistani companies in terms of IT security policy should focus on data ware houses by implementing policies for securing of exploiting the data and in case of Swedish company IT managers should implement policies for securing of personal data. Evaluation techniques are missing from the companies of Pakistan and Sweden in IT security plan. Enhancing the performing of IT risk analysis to countermeasure the threat. Pakistani companies should focus on business model of information asset. In case of Swedish company higher level and more detailed analysis can apply to core areas of the IT system. These proposed points for improvements could also help in more understanding of IT security in Pakistan and Sweden.

近年來越來越多虛實整合技術不斷地湧出，像是電影阿凡達或虛實互動型態的表演。這樣的表演會根據事先預錄好的虛擬角色進行演出，但要成功地演出需要演員們不斷的練習。另外,許多電影利用攝影機捕捉人體姿態來與虛擬角色互動，但此方法受限於燈光環境以及障礙物。 此篇論文運用穿戴式裝置與新一代無線網路藍芽4.0,提出即時追蹤技術套用於這類表演,可使得演出更加豐富並且能即興創作。然而，目前受限於穿戴式平台上的藍芽訊號強度更新頻率每秒只有5至10次且傳輸容量有限，所以本篇論文結合體態感測裝置輔助無線網路藍芽4.0,提升對穿戴者的即時追蹤能力。實驗結果與真實位置只有0.3至0.5秒的延遲時間,並在校內進行兩場互動式展演作驗證成果。未來期許可以將此技術運用於多人展演場，讓更多使用者可以互動體驗。 / Recently, more and more interactive performance technologies appear such as Avatar or virtual-character integrated art perform. Such performs are based on pre-made animations and physics simulations. However, this kind of shows need a lot of practice, and it is impossible that audience or performers play with or interact with the virtual characters. In addition, many moviemakers use high quality cameras to distinguish body postures. Although cameras can record anything with high precision, it is constrained on the light and obstacles of the environments. If we, somehow, can capture the motion of the performers in real time, then we are able to interact with virtual characters and make improvisation possible. This thesis aims to use the wearable sensors and the Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI) of BLE to track in real-time. However, the update rate of RSSI is limited to 5~10 per second. This thesis proposed a tracking technique which combines with wearable motion sensors to assist BLE localization. The tracking lag can be reduced to only 0.3~0.5 seconds, and also real performance was experimented in the campus. In the future, we hope to use this technique on interactive performance with many people in different places.

Firms often stand before decisions on whether to make or buy components. Various well-established theories that have been applied and developed to understand make or buy decisions have also been critiqued for not generating a well-based decision basis. Research indicates that make or buy decisions are more complex than most theories suggest and that theories within make or buy don’t seem to account for situations when the production technology does not exist in-house. In instances of new technology, in this case metal AM, there is a need to understand and account for the case specific attributes to determine the best course of action. This study explores the decision situation of invest to perform internally versus outsourcing of metal additive manufacturing. The aim is to investigate and identify what factors affect the decision. The research design is a qualitative exploratory case study including 10 interviews and a cost analysis of two products, to answer how metal additive manufacturing affects these decisions. The cost analysis is included, as economic performance is a factor of importance, which makes it meaningful to understand in such situations. The most prominent factors in the result are found to be competency, control, economy, interaction, organization and strategy. The results of the study indicate overlapping similarities of the results through existing theories and suggest that these decisions are more complex than the individual application of single theories. However, the cost analysis shows that the currently held outsourcing alternative is more expensive and this might indicate a non-rational decision in regards to the financial perspective. The main contribution of this study is to the field of decision-making with the conclusion of that individual theories are not sufficient to explain the phenomenon of invest to perform internally versus outsourcing. To evaluate these decisions, the results indicate the necessity to have a multi-criteria approach and include several theoretical perspectives.

Ausgehend von der These, dass das Verhalten „schwieriger“ Kinder eine Folge kulturell-gesellschaftlicher Entwicklungen ist, die sich nachteilig auf den innerpsychischen Prozess der Triangulierung auswirken und auf die eine von zweckrationalen Organisationsstrukturen, von institutionsspezifischen Kommunikations- und Handlungsformen und von einem veränderten professionellen Selbstverständnis einzelner Lehrer dominierte Schule bislang keine befriedigenden Antworten gegeben hat, wird nach dem Potenzial der Psychoanalyse hinsichtlich der Möglichkeit gefragt, Pädagogen und Pädagoginnen bei der Konstituierung von Schule als ‚triadischer Raum’ im Sinne eines dyadisch geprägten und triadisch strukturierten, die kindliche Entwicklung fördernden psychosozialen Erfahrungsraums zu unterstützen. Am psychoanalytischen Theorem der Triangularität orientiert wendet sich die Erörterung zunächst drei von der Psychoanalyse beeinflussten sozialisationstheoretischen Konzepten unterschiedlicher Provenienz zu. Dieses methodische Vorgehen erweist sich jedoch im Kontext der zentralen Zielsetzung, ein umfassendes pädagogisches Konzept zur Stärkung kindlicher triangulärer psychischer Strukturen zu skizzieren, nur bedingt als hilfreich. Die anschließende Diskussion der Problem- und Fragestellung auf der Folie einer ‚kulturtheoretisch orientierten’ Psychoanalyse, die einem eigenständigen wissenschaftstheoretischen Selbstverständnis und Erkenntnisprozess folgend unbewusste individuelle und überindividuelle, kulturspezifische Subjektivitätsmomente wie auch biologische Determinanten seelischen Erlebens und Verhaltens berücksichtigt, führt zur Formulierung dreier Dimensionen des dialektischen Prinzips der Psychoanalyse, die sich im Bemühen um die Gestaltung triangulär organisierter Verständigungsprozesse als hilfreich erweisen können. / Based on the theory that the behavior of „difficult“ children is a result of a socio-cultural evolution that has adversely affected the inner-psychological process of triangulation and, based on the school of thought of purposive-rational organizational structures and that of institution-specific forms of communication and action, along with the altered professional self-understanding of individual teachers – noneof which have yet to offer any satisfactory answers – the question arises in accordance with the potential of psychoanalysis concerning the possibilities for educators in the constitution of a school as a ‚triadic space’, dyadically characterized and triadically structured to support the constructive psycho-social realm of experience in childhood development. Oriented on the psychoanalytical theorem of triangularity, the analysis initially adresses the varied provenience of three concepts influencing the socializationtheoretically and psychoanalytically. In the context of a central target, this methodic approach proves to be only slightly helpful when outlining a comprehensive pedagogical concept to reinforce childhood triangular psychological structures. The subsequent discussion of the problems addressed on the slides of ‚cultural-theorist-oriented’ psychoanalysis, following an independent epistemological self-understanding and cognitive process, taking unconscious individual and supraindividualculture-specific moments of subjectivity as well as biological determinants of emotional experience and behavior into consideration, leads to the formulation of tree dimensions of the dialectic principle of psychoanalysis that might prove to be helpful when attempting to configure triangularly organized processes of understanding.

Ausgangspunkt sind Video-Aufzeichnungen von drei Unterrichtsstunden im Fach Musik. Sie werden zunächst in einen musikdidaktischen Rahmen eingeordnet, der es erlaubt, eine Stunde primär der „Handlungsorientierung“ im Sinn der 1980er Jahre zuzuordnen, die zweite Stunde primär dem musikdidaktischen Modell eines „Aufbauenden Musikunterrichts“ und die dritte Stunde „offenen“ Unterrichtskonzeptionen. Der zweite Abschnitt fragt nach dem Verhältnis von Lernen und Lehren und mündet in die These, dass „natürliches“, informelles Lernen und das Lernen in der Institution Schule in einem unauflösbaren Spannungsverhältnis zueinander stehen. Diese These wird dann an einigen Teilaspekten der aufgezeichneten Schulstunden konkretisiert. Im abschließenden Abschnitt wird die These auf das Spannungsverhältnis zwischen den schulischen Leistungserwartungen und der individuellen Leistungsbereitschaft der Schüler bezogen. Der Beitrag mündet in einem Plädoyer für die Anerkennung und Förderung der grundlegenden Leistungsbereitschaft der Schüler sowie der Selbstwahrnehmung ihrer individuellen Leistungen und ihres individuellen Erfolgs im Sinn einer zunehmenden Leistungsbewusstheit. / The point of departure consists of video recordings of three music lessons. These are first of all localised within a music-didactic framework, allowing one lesson to be classified primarily along the lines of “action-oriented” processes in the 1980s sense of the term, the second to be classed primarily with the music-didactic model of “progressive music learning” and the third lesson with “open” teaching concepts. The second section is an enquiry into the relationship between teaching and learning, resulting in the thesis that there is an irresolvable tension between “natural” informal learning and learning within the school institution. In the following section this thesis is concretised along various partial aspects of the recorded lessons. The thesis is then applied in the final section to the tension between the school’s performance expectations and the pupils’ individual willingness to perform. The piece ends by arguing for the recognition and promotion of the pupils’ fundamental willingness to perform as well as of their self-awareness of their individual performance and individual success in the sense of an increasing awareness of performance.