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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Sociação de mulheres na prisão : disciplinaridades, rebeliões e subjetividades

Colares, Leni Beatriz Correia January 2011 (has links)
Esta tese analisa as mudanças na morfologia das interações sociais na Penitenciária Feminina Madre Pelletier (RS), destacando os aspectos relativos aos controles formais e informais produzidos em meio aos jogos de poder pelos diferentes grupos que habitam a prisão. O estudo contempla o período entre 1990 e 2008 e desconstrói a percepção do encarceramento feminino centrado na singularidade, homogeneização e sujeição feminina frente a um único poder: o do Estado, deixando de considerar o poder disseminado entre indivíduos em suas diferentes posições na configuração prisional. Focamos a relação das mulheres com os delitos de drogas, na medida em que este delito tem redefinido a trajetória criminal feminina. Ao mesmo tempo, essa relação adentra a penitenciária e põe em circulação interesses e uma lógica mercantil sustentada pela violência entre grupos. As interações na sociedade prisional feminina passaram a se caracterizar pela instabilidade, pela presença de um código informal sustentado pelas presas, por ambivalências nos discursos e nas práticas relativas à mulher envolvida em delitos de drogas e, por extensão, à mulher. Rebeldia, micro poderes, sexualidade e ações coletivas definem as relações sociais entre as mulheres aprisionadas, longe dos antigos projetos da reabilitação da sociedade moderna. / This thesis analyses the morphological changes of the social institutions in the Women’s Prison of Madre Pelletier (RS), bringing out the aspects related to the formal and informal controls produced amid games of power by the different groups that dwell the prison. The study contemplates the period between 1990 and 2008, and deconstructs the perception of the women’s imprisonment centered on the singularity, homogenization and the women’s subjection against a single power: the State’s, not considering the power scattered among the individuals in their different positions in the prison setting. We focused on the women’s relation with the drug offenses, as they have redefined the women’s criminal trajectory. At the same time, this relation enters the prison and causes the circulation of interest, as well as, merchant logic sustained by the violence between groups. The interactions in the women’s prison society began to be characterized by the instability, by the presence of an informal code sustained by the imprisoned, by ambivalences towards the speeches and the practices related to the woman involved in drug offenses and, by extension, to the woman. Rebelliousness, micro powers, sexuality and collective actions define the social relations between imprisoned women, far from the old projects of the rehabilitation of the modern society.
2

The early history of the Mission of Espíritu Santo de Zuñiga and the Presidio of Nuestra Señora de Loreto, 1718-1751

Oliver, Winfred Allen 27 July 2015 (has links)
Not available / text
3

Acts of Remediation : Curating contemporary art in cultural heritage sites

Martin, Lisa January 2014 (has links)
Increasingly, contemporary artists are invited to create artworks responding to and located in cultural heritage sites such as national parks, national monuments, historic landmarks, and historic buildings. This thesis examines the nature of contemporary art production, display, and encounter in cultural heritage sites. The research is directed by the question: What are the conditions of curating contemporary art in cultural heritage sites?   The analysis builds from the idea that the meeting ground of contemporary art and cultural heritage produces a curatorial zone, and explores the implications of the interplay between these two fields for curatorial labor in cultural heritage sites specifically. A set of conditions that are central to both curating and cultural heritage management forms the methodological starting point for a comparative analysis of ten contemporary art projects in cultural heritage sites, including one in-depth case study.   The comparative analysis reveals that this curatorial zone is characterized by conditions that arise from conceptual tensions between the fields of contemporary art and cultural heritage. Specifically, a set of conditions I have termed change, temporal, interpretive, site-specific, and instrumental conditions actively shape the act of curating contemporary art in cultural heritage sites.
4

Sociação de mulheres na prisão : disciplinaridades, rebeliões e subjetividades

Colares, Leni Beatriz Correia January 2011 (has links)
Esta tese analisa as mudanças na morfologia das interações sociais na Penitenciária Feminina Madre Pelletier (RS), destacando os aspectos relativos aos controles formais e informais produzidos em meio aos jogos de poder pelos diferentes grupos que habitam a prisão. O estudo contempla o período entre 1990 e 2008 e desconstrói a percepção do encarceramento feminino centrado na singularidade, homogeneização e sujeição feminina frente a um único poder: o do Estado, deixando de considerar o poder disseminado entre indivíduos em suas diferentes posições na configuração prisional. Focamos a relação das mulheres com os delitos de drogas, na medida em que este delito tem redefinido a trajetória criminal feminina. Ao mesmo tempo, essa relação adentra a penitenciária e põe em circulação interesses e uma lógica mercantil sustentada pela violência entre grupos. As interações na sociedade prisional feminina passaram a se caracterizar pela instabilidade, pela presença de um código informal sustentado pelas presas, por ambivalências nos discursos e nas práticas relativas à mulher envolvida em delitos de drogas e, por extensão, à mulher. Rebeldia, micro poderes, sexualidade e ações coletivas definem as relações sociais entre as mulheres aprisionadas, longe dos antigos projetos da reabilitação da sociedade moderna. / This thesis analyses the morphological changes of the social institutions in the Women’s Prison of Madre Pelletier (RS), bringing out the aspects related to the formal and informal controls produced amid games of power by the different groups that dwell the prison. The study contemplates the period between 1990 and 2008, and deconstructs the perception of the women’s imprisonment centered on the singularity, homogenization and the women’s subjection against a single power: the State’s, not considering the power scattered among the individuals in their different positions in the prison setting. We focused on the women’s relation with the drug offenses, as they have redefined the women’s criminal trajectory. At the same time, this relation enters the prison and causes the circulation of interest, as well as, merchant logic sustained by the violence between groups. The interactions in the women’s prison society began to be characterized by the instability, by the presence of an informal code sustained by the imprisoned, by ambivalences towards the speeches and the practices related to the woman involved in drug offenses and, by extension, to the woman. Rebelliousness, micro powers, sexuality and collective actions define the social relations between imprisoned women, far from the old projects of the rehabilitation of the modern society.
5

Sociação de mulheres na prisão : disciplinaridades, rebeliões e subjetividades

Colares, Leni Beatriz Correia January 2011 (has links)
Esta tese analisa as mudanças na morfologia das interações sociais na Penitenciária Feminina Madre Pelletier (RS), destacando os aspectos relativos aos controles formais e informais produzidos em meio aos jogos de poder pelos diferentes grupos que habitam a prisão. O estudo contempla o período entre 1990 e 2008 e desconstrói a percepção do encarceramento feminino centrado na singularidade, homogeneização e sujeição feminina frente a um único poder: o do Estado, deixando de considerar o poder disseminado entre indivíduos em suas diferentes posições na configuração prisional. Focamos a relação das mulheres com os delitos de drogas, na medida em que este delito tem redefinido a trajetória criminal feminina. Ao mesmo tempo, essa relação adentra a penitenciária e põe em circulação interesses e uma lógica mercantil sustentada pela violência entre grupos. As interações na sociedade prisional feminina passaram a se caracterizar pela instabilidade, pela presença de um código informal sustentado pelas presas, por ambivalências nos discursos e nas práticas relativas à mulher envolvida em delitos de drogas e, por extensão, à mulher. Rebeldia, micro poderes, sexualidade e ações coletivas definem as relações sociais entre as mulheres aprisionadas, longe dos antigos projetos da reabilitação da sociedade moderna. / This thesis analyses the morphological changes of the social institutions in the Women’s Prison of Madre Pelletier (RS), bringing out the aspects related to the formal and informal controls produced amid games of power by the different groups that dwell the prison. The study contemplates the period between 1990 and 2008, and deconstructs the perception of the women’s imprisonment centered on the singularity, homogenization and the women’s subjection against a single power: the State’s, not considering the power scattered among the individuals in their different positions in the prison setting. We focused on the women’s relation with the drug offenses, as they have redefined the women’s criminal trajectory. At the same time, this relation enters the prison and causes the circulation of interest, as well as, merchant logic sustained by the violence between groups. The interactions in the women’s prison society began to be characterized by the instability, by the presence of an informal code sustained by the imprisoned, by ambivalences towards the speeches and the practices related to the woman involved in drug offenses and, by extension, to the woman. Rebelliousness, micro powers, sexuality and collective actions define the social relations between imprisoned women, far from the old projects of the rehabilitation of the modern society.
6

Válečnictví Tarahumarů v koloniálních pramenech / Tarahumaran Warfare in Colonial Sources

Černý, Martin January 2015 (has links)
The goal of the thesis is to analyze war customs of Tarahumara people of northern Mexico during colonial era. The work focuses on technological aspects of warfare like weaponry, strategy and tactics, as well as social phenomenas like taking captives, using of witchcraft and role of violence in Tarahumara culture. 17th century conflicts are seen as part of the process, which has caused significant changes in tarahumaran perception of war an it's role in society. Analysis of this process is the another goal of this work. Further subject of interest are conflicts with the other native groups in the region and influence of tarahumara armed resistance to changes in attitude of colonial institutions. The work is based on sources of the ecclesiastical origin - reports, letters and chronicles of missionaries, as well as correspondence of viceroyal officials and records of military commanders operating in tarahumara region. Keywords: Tarahumaras, Northern Mexico, Warfare, 17th century, Viceroyalty of New Spain, Presidio Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
7

[pt] A CADEIA, ELA ME TRANSFORMOU EM ALGO QUE EU NÃO ERA: O DISCURSO DE RESISTÊNCIA DE UM APENADO / [en] THE JAIL, IT TRANSFORMED ME INTO SOMETHING THAT I WASN’T: THE DISCOURSE OF RESISTANCE OF A CONVICT

JULIO CESAR PASSOS GIANNINI 22 July 2013 (has links)
[pt] Este trabalho propõe analisar o discurso do indivíduo apenado e encarcerado, com o objetivo de examinar como são exercidas as práticas de resistência ao sistema que o excluiu temporariamente do convívio social. A noção de identidade de resistência é aqui concebida como aquela construída por atores que se encontram em posições desvalorizadas ou estigmatizadas, constituídas por processo de dominação (Castells, 1999; Bourdieu, 1998; Bauman, 2001), ou por atores que, por alguma percepção particular de si mesmos e de outros, se posicionam contra algo ou alguém (Ewick e Silbey, 2003). As entrevistas para geração de dados foram concedidas por internos de um presídio na Cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Baseado em pressupostos da Sociolinguística Interacional, este trabalho prioriza a análise das narrativas de um detento, João, utilizando a estrutura de análise desenvolvida por Labov (1972) em interface com os estudos narrativos de histórias de vida apresentados por Linde (1993) e de narrativas de resistência apresentados por Ewick e Silbey (2003). A análise dos dados ressalta que o discurso de João pode ser caracterizado como de resistência, especificamente de resistência à identidade (socialmente essencializada) de criminoso. João emprega termos genéricos e destaca a agência de terceiros em suas histórias, amenizando o impacto causado aos seus interlocutores, por atos criminosos relatados. Deste modo, João atribui às constantes situações de adversidades, injustiças e restrições, a sua entrada no mundo do crime e a sua postura crítica a instituições e representantes governamentais, que, se não justificam, ao menos esclarecem as razões por atos infracionais cometidos. / [en] This work intends to analize the discourse of a convict, aiming to examine how are performed resistance practices against the system which has temporarily deprived him of social interaction. The idea of resistance identity is adopted in this study as the one built by actors who find themselves in stigmatized and devalued social positions caused by a process of domination (Castells, 1999; Bourdieu, 1998; Bauman, 2001), or by actors which oppose someone or something because of particular perceptions of themselves or of others (Ewick e Silbey, 2003). The interviews for data generation were given by inmates in a prison in Rio de Janeiro City. Based on Interactional Sociolinguistics principles, this work prioritizes the narrative analysis of a prisoner, João, using the criteria for analysis developed by Labov (1972) associated with the narrative studies of life stories presented by Linde (1993) and narratives of resistance by Ewick and Silbey (2003). The data analysis shows that João’s discourse may be considered as a discouse of resistance, specifically resistance to identity of a criminal (socially essentialized). João uses general terms and gives emphasis to the agency of others in his histories, minimizing the impact noticed by his interlocutors for criminal acts described. Therefore, João considers the regular cases of adversity, injustice and restriction, some of the causes for his relations to a life of crimes and for his critical stance towards governmental institutions and representatives, just as if they do not justify, at least enlighten the reasons for his transgressions.
8

Estudo dos fatores de risco associados às infecções pelo HIV, hepatite B e C e sífilis e suas prevalências em população carcerária de São Paulo / Study of prevalence and risk factors associated with hiv infection, hepatitis B and C and syphilis in a prison population of Sao Paulo State

Maerrawi, Ilham El 20 December 2012 (has links)
INTRODUÇÃO: Infecções pelo HIV, HBV, HCV e Treponema pallidum encontram no sistema prisional um ambiente favorável para suas propagações e representam grave problema de saúde pública. Neste estudo buscamos conhecer o perfil epidemiológico dos reeducandos de uma unidade prisional e a dinâmica do seu comportamento associado às infecções estudadas. Foram medidas as prevalências dessas infecções e suas coinfecções, investigados os potenciais fatores de risco, assim como medido o padrão de uso de drogas no presídio com ênfase no crack. MÉTODOS: Estudo epidemiológico transversal realizado de fevereiro a dezembro de 2007, na Penitenciária I de São Vicente. Realizada uma análise descritiva utilizando medidas de frequência, médias e desvio padrão. Foram considerados apenas os diagnósticos sorológicos para definição das infecções. Utilizado o OR (odds ratio) como medida de associação com nível de significância de 5% (?). Utilizada a regressão logística para estimar OR ajustado por algumas variáveis. RESULTADOS: Participaram das entrevistas 546 (84,1%) reeducandos e 514 (94,1%) realizaram as sorologias. Apresentaram um perfil jovem com idade média de 29,8 anos. 52,0% (283) referiram relacionamento conjugal com média de dois filhos. Declararam ser de cor parda 51,5% (280). O tempo médio de prisão foi de 10,5 anos. As prevalências identificadas foram: HIV 1,8% [IC95% = 0,1- 3,3], HBV 21,0% [IC95% = 17,8-25,1], HCV 5,3% [IC95% = 3,5-7,6], e 5,3% [IC95% =3,5-7,6] para a infecção pelo Treponema pallidum. Os fatores de risco associados com a infecção pelo HIV foram: uso de droga injetável (OR=15,38), > 30 anos (OR=13,3), uso de cocaína na vida (OR= 5,36) e uso de crack na vida (OR= 5,21). Nas análises multivariadas as variáveis que se mantiveram associadas com o HBV foram: uso de droga injetável (OR=3,36), ter referido DST (OR= 2,28), > de 30 anos (OR=1,86) e mais de cinco anos de prisão (OR= 2,17); com o HCV foram: uso de droga injetável (OR=9,65), uso de maconha na prisão (OR=2,91) e idade >30 anos (OR=8,41); com o Treponema pallidum foram: relação homossexual (OR=11,92) e ter referido sífilis (OR=10,88). As prevalências das coinfecções foram: 0,8% [IC95%= 0,2-2,0] para HIV/HBV, 1,4% [IC95%=0,5-2,8], para HBV/Treponema pallidum, 1,8% [IC95%= 0,8-3,3] para HBV/HCV, e para a tripla infecção 0,4% [IC95%= 0,5-1,4]. Confirmaram o uso de crack na vida 25,0% (136) dos entrevistados. Idade média de início de uso de drogas ilícitas foi de 15,4 anos. Na prisão, o uso de álcool foi relatado por 8,4% (45), tabaco por 62,0% (318), maconha por 36,5 % (194), cocaína por 9,0% (48), e crack por 11,7% (15), sendo seu uso diário referido por 2,3% (3). Uso de drogas injetáveis na vida foi referido por 5,9% (32) e nenhum uso nos últimos seis meses. As situações de violência relacionadas com drogas para 14,3% (28) foram de ameaças de morte, 16,7% (57) agressões físicas e 27,3% (3) sofreram agressão sexual. Para 15,8% (30) o crack esteve relacionado com estas situações. O seu uso com outras drogas foi referido por 41,5% (54). CONCLUSÃO: As prevalências encontradas na população confinada continuam maiores que as observadas na população geral. O consumo de drogas e praticas sexuais desprotegidas foram mantidas no período de confinamento. O tempo de confinamento mostrou-se fator importante na análise de risco. Os fatores de riscos identificados aparecem como importantes indicadores para a estruturação de estratégias de controle dessas infecções junto à população confinada. / INTRODUCTION: Infection by HIV, HBV, HCV and Treponema pallidum are common in the prison system due to an environment favorable to their propagation and represent a serious public health problem. This study aims to understand the epidemiological profile of the inmates in a prison unit and the behaviors associated with the infectious diseases studied. We estimated the prevalence of these infections and their co-infections, investigated potential risk factors, as well as identified the pattern of drug use in prison, especially crack use. METHODS: A cross-sectional epidemiological study conducted from February to December 2007 at the São Vicente Penitentiary . A descriptive analysis using frequency measures, means and standard deviations was conducted. We considered only the setting for serological diagnosis of infections. Odds ratio (OR) with a significance level of 5% (?) was used as a measure of association and a logistic regression was applied to estimate adjusted OR for some variables. RESULTS: A total of 546 prisoners were interviewed (84.1%). Of these, 514 (94.1%) underwent serological analysis. Results showed a profile of young men with an average age of 29.8 years. Fifty-two percent (283) reported marital relationship with an average of two children, and 51.5% (280) reported being of mixed ethnicity. The average time of arrest was 10.5 years. The prevalences were identified: HIV 1.8% [95% CI = 0.1 - 3.3], HBV 21.0% [95% CI 17.8 to 25.1], HCV 5.3% [95% CI = 3.5 to 7.6] and 5.3% [95% CI = 3.5 to 7.6] for infection with Treponema pallidum. The risk factors associated with HIV infection were injected-drug use (OR = 15.38), > 30 years (OR = 13.3), cocaine use (OR = 5.36) and use of crack during lifetime (OR = 5.21). According to multivariate analyzes, variables associated with HBV were: injected-drug use (OR = 3.36), reported any STD (OR = 2.28), > 30 years (OR = 1.86) and more than five years in prison (OR = 2.17); the variables associated with HCV were: injected-drug use (OR = 9.65), marijuana use in prison (OR = 2.91) and age> 30 years (OR = 8.41); the variables associated with Treponema pallidum were: homosexual intercourse (OR = 11.92) and have referred syphilis (OR = 10.88). The prevalence of co-infections were 0.8% [95% CI = 0.2 to 2.0] for HIV / HBV, 1.4% [95% CI = 0.5 to 2.8] for HBV / Treponema pallidum, 1.8% [95% CI = 0.8 to 3.3] for HBV / HCV infection and for the triple infection 0.4% [95% CI = 0.5 to 1.4]. Average age of onset of illicit drug use was 15.4 years. The use of crack during lifetime was reported by 25.0% (136) of respondents. In prison, alcohol use was reported by 8.4% (45), tobacco by 62.0% (318), marijuana by 36.5% (194), 9.0% for cocaine (48), and crack by 11.7% (15), with the daily use of crack reported by 2.3% (3). Injected-drug use during lifetime was reported by 5.9% (32), but no use in the last six months was reported. Drug-related violence episodes reported were death threats 14.3% (28), 16.7% (57) assaults and 27.3% (3) suffered sexual assault. To 15.8% (30) of the respondents, crack use was associated with violence episodes. The use of crack-cocaine in association with other drugs was reported by 41.5% (54). CONCLUSION: The prevalence found in the confined population is still larger than those observed in the general population. Drug use and unprotected sexual practices were maintained during the period of confinement. The confinement time proved to be an important factor in the analysis of risk of infection. The identified risk factors appear to be important indicators for developing strategies to control these infections in the prison environment.
9

Estudo dos fatores de risco associados às infecções pelo HIV, hepatite B e C e sífilis e suas prevalências em população carcerária de São Paulo / Study of prevalence and risk factors associated with hiv infection, hepatitis B and C and syphilis in a prison population of Sao Paulo State

Ilham El Maerrawi 20 December 2012 (has links)
INTRODUÇÃO: Infecções pelo HIV, HBV, HCV e Treponema pallidum encontram no sistema prisional um ambiente favorável para suas propagações e representam grave problema de saúde pública. Neste estudo buscamos conhecer o perfil epidemiológico dos reeducandos de uma unidade prisional e a dinâmica do seu comportamento associado às infecções estudadas. Foram medidas as prevalências dessas infecções e suas coinfecções, investigados os potenciais fatores de risco, assim como medido o padrão de uso de drogas no presídio com ênfase no crack. MÉTODOS: Estudo epidemiológico transversal realizado de fevereiro a dezembro de 2007, na Penitenciária I de São Vicente. Realizada uma análise descritiva utilizando medidas de frequência, médias e desvio padrão. Foram considerados apenas os diagnósticos sorológicos para definição das infecções. Utilizado o OR (odds ratio) como medida de associação com nível de significância de 5% (?). Utilizada a regressão logística para estimar OR ajustado por algumas variáveis. RESULTADOS: Participaram das entrevistas 546 (84,1%) reeducandos e 514 (94,1%) realizaram as sorologias. Apresentaram um perfil jovem com idade média de 29,8 anos. 52,0% (283) referiram relacionamento conjugal com média de dois filhos. Declararam ser de cor parda 51,5% (280). O tempo médio de prisão foi de 10,5 anos. As prevalências identificadas foram: HIV 1,8% [IC95% = 0,1- 3,3], HBV 21,0% [IC95% = 17,8-25,1], HCV 5,3% [IC95% = 3,5-7,6], e 5,3% [IC95% =3,5-7,6] para a infecção pelo Treponema pallidum. Os fatores de risco associados com a infecção pelo HIV foram: uso de droga injetável (OR=15,38), > 30 anos (OR=13,3), uso de cocaína na vida (OR= 5,36) e uso de crack na vida (OR= 5,21). Nas análises multivariadas as variáveis que se mantiveram associadas com o HBV foram: uso de droga injetável (OR=3,36), ter referido DST (OR= 2,28), > de 30 anos (OR=1,86) e mais de cinco anos de prisão (OR= 2,17); com o HCV foram: uso de droga injetável (OR=9,65), uso de maconha na prisão (OR=2,91) e idade >30 anos (OR=8,41); com o Treponema pallidum foram: relação homossexual (OR=11,92) e ter referido sífilis (OR=10,88). As prevalências das coinfecções foram: 0,8% [IC95%= 0,2-2,0] para HIV/HBV, 1,4% [IC95%=0,5-2,8], para HBV/Treponema pallidum, 1,8% [IC95%= 0,8-3,3] para HBV/HCV, e para a tripla infecção 0,4% [IC95%= 0,5-1,4]. Confirmaram o uso de crack na vida 25,0% (136) dos entrevistados. Idade média de início de uso de drogas ilícitas foi de 15,4 anos. Na prisão, o uso de álcool foi relatado por 8,4% (45), tabaco por 62,0% (318), maconha por 36,5 % (194), cocaína por 9,0% (48), e crack por 11,7% (15), sendo seu uso diário referido por 2,3% (3). Uso de drogas injetáveis na vida foi referido por 5,9% (32) e nenhum uso nos últimos seis meses. As situações de violência relacionadas com drogas para 14,3% (28) foram de ameaças de morte, 16,7% (57) agressões físicas e 27,3% (3) sofreram agressão sexual. Para 15,8% (30) o crack esteve relacionado com estas situações. O seu uso com outras drogas foi referido por 41,5% (54). CONCLUSÃO: As prevalências encontradas na população confinada continuam maiores que as observadas na população geral. O consumo de drogas e praticas sexuais desprotegidas foram mantidas no período de confinamento. O tempo de confinamento mostrou-se fator importante na análise de risco. Os fatores de riscos identificados aparecem como importantes indicadores para a estruturação de estratégias de controle dessas infecções junto à população confinada. / INTRODUCTION: Infection by HIV, HBV, HCV and Treponema pallidum are common in the prison system due to an environment favorable to their propagation and represent a serious public health problem. This study aims to understand the epidemiological profile of the inmates in a prison unit and the behaviors associated with the infectious diseases studied. We estimated the prevalence of these infections and their co-infections, investigated potential risk factors, as well as identified the pattern of drug use in prison, especially crack use. METHODS: A cross-sectional epidemiological study conducted from February to December 2007 at the São Vicente Penitentiary . A descriptive analysis using frequency measures, means and standard deviations was conducted. We considered only the setting for serological diagnosis of infections. Odds ratio (OR) with a significance level of 5% (?) was used as a measure of association and a logistic regression was applied to estimate adjusted OR for some variables. RESULTS: A total of 546 prisoners were interviewed (84.1%). Of these, 514 (94.1%) underwent serological analysis. Results showed a profile of young men with an average age of 29.8 years. Fifty-two percent (283) reported marital relationship with an average of two children, and 51.5% (280) reported being of mixed ethnicity. The average time of arrest was 10.5 years. The prevalences were identified: HIV 1.8% [95% CI = 0.1 - 3.3], HBV 21.0% [95% CI 17.8 to 25.1], HCV 5.3% [95% CI = 3.5 to 7.6] and 5.3% [95% CI = 3.5 to 7.6] for infection with Treponema pallidum. The risk factors associated with HIV infection were injected-drug use (OR = 15.38), > 30 years (OR = 13.3), cocaine use (OR = 5.36) and use of crack during lifetime (OR = 5.21). According to multivariate analyzes, variables associated with HBV were: injected-drug use (OR = 3.36), reported any STD (OR = 2.28), > 30 years (OR = 1.86) and more than five years in prison (OR = 2.17); the variables associated with HCV were: injected-drug use (OR = 9.65), marijuana use in prison (OR = 2.91) and age> 30 years (OR = 8.41); the variables associated with Treponema pallidum were: homosexual intercourse (OR = 11.92) and have referred syphilis (OR = 10.88). The prevalence of co-infections were 0.8% [95% CI = 0.2 to 2.0] for HIV / HBV, 1.4% [95% CI = 0.5 to 2.8] for HBV / Treponema pallidum, 1.8% [95% CI = 0.8 to 3.3] for HBV / HCV infection and for the triple infection 0.4% [95% CI = 0.5 to 1.4]. Average age of onset of illicit drug use was 15.4 years. The use of crack during lifetime was reported by 25.0% (136) of respondents. In prison, alcohol use was reported by 8.4% (45), tobacco by 62.0% (318), marijuana by 36.5% (194), 9.0% for cocaine (48), and crack by 11.7% (15), with the daily use of crack reported by 2.3% (3). Injected-drug use during lifetime was reported by 5.9% (32), but no use in the last six months was reported. Drug-related violence episodes reported were death threats 14.3% (28), 16.7% (57) assaults and 27.3% (3) suffered sexual assault. To 15.8% (30) of the respondents, crack use was associated with violence episodes. The use of crack-cocaine in association with other drugs was reported by 41.5% (54). CONCLUSION: The prevalence found in the confined population is still larger than those observed in the general population. Drug use and unprotected sexual practices were maintained during the period of confinement. The confinement time proved to be an important factor in the analysis of risk of infection. The identified risk factors appear to be important indicators for developing strategies to control these infections in the prison environment.
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Spanish La Junta de los Rios: The institutional Hispanicization of an Indian community along New Spain's northern frontier, 1535-1821.

Folsom, Bradley 08 1900 (has links)
Throughout the colonial period, the Spanish attempted to Hispanicize the Indians along the northern frontier of New Spain. The conquistador, the missionary, the civilian settler, and the presidial soldier all took part in this effort. At La Junta de los Rios, a fertile area inhabited by both sedentary and semi-sedentary Indians, each of these institutions played a part in fundamentally changing the region and its occupants. This research, relying primarily on published Spanish source documents, sets the effort to Hispanicize La Junta in the broader sphere of Spain's frontier policy.

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