Introdução: A presença de doença crônica e de várias comorbidades, somados à mobilidade reduzida e fraqueza muscular são fatores frequentemente associados ao risco de quedas em idosos, sendo o dano do equilíbrio um dos mais importantes preditores de quedas. Atualmente, há uma crescente evidência de que pacientes com Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica (DPOC) são bastante suscetíveis a quedas visto que têm apresentado importantes déficits de equilíbrio. Há alguns estudos que avaliam o papel de fatores isolados deste déficit, contudo, a avaliação de múltiplos fatores na mesma população de pacientes ainda não foi muito investigada, assim como o impacto desta alteração de equilíbrio na predição de quedas nesta população ainda é pouco conhecido. Objetivos: Determinar que fatores estão associados à alteração de equilíbrio postural em pacientes com DPOC e avaliar o impacto desta alteração do equilíbrio na predição de quedas nesta população. Métodos: Este estudo prospectivo de coorte incluiu 70 pacientes ambulatoriais com diagnóstico prévio de DPOC. Para a avaliação do equilíbrio os pacientes foram submetidos ao Mini-BESTest (Balance Evaluation Systems Test). As variáveis sexo, idade, frequência de exacerbações / hospitalizações decorrentes da doença respiratória no último ano foram coletados a partir de entrevista pessoal e de registros clínicos. A presença de comorbidades foi avaliada por meio da aplicação de uma escala denominada Functional Comorbidity Index (FCI). O nível de atividade física foi mensurado por meio de um sensor de movimento (acelerômetro), a força isométrica muscular máxima de membros inferiores foi avaliada por um dinamômetro, a qualidade do sono mensurada por meio do questionário Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, a dispneia pela modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) dyspnoea scale, o medo de quedas pela escala Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I) e a função pulmonar por meio da prova de função pulmonar completa. Além disso, a incidência de quedas nos pacientes foi seguida por um ano sendo avaliada mensalmente por um diário de autorrelato de quedas, entregue ao paciente após a avaliação inicial, e confirmada por ligações telefônicas. Para a análise estatística foram utilizados modelos de análise de regressão e análise de poder discriminativo através da Receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC curve). O nível de significância foi ajustado para todas as análises e foi de 5% (p < 0,05). Resultados: Verificou-se que o equilíbrio postural (Mini-BESTest - pontuação total) esteve independentemente associado à força muscular de quadríceps, ao medo de queda (FES-I) e à idade, ajustados pela inatividade física (p < 0,001, r2 ajustado=0,49). Ao analisar cada domínio correspondente a um sistema do controle postural separadamente pudemos verificar também que o equilíbrio postural esteve independentemente associado a: idade e inatividade física, ajustados pelo índice de massa corpórea (IMC) no domínio \"Ajustes Posturais Antecipatórios\" (p=0,001, r2 ajustado=0,22); idade, força muscular de quadríceps e pressão inspiratória máxima (PImáx), ajustados pelo aprisionamento aéreo no domínio \"Respostas Posturais Reativas\" (p < 0,001, r2 ajustado=0,47); medo de queda e força muscular de dorsiflexores de tornozelo no domínio \"Orientação Sensorial\" (p=0,001, r2 ajustado=0,16); e qualidade do sono, inatividade física, idade e força muscular de plantiflexores de tornozelo no domínio \"Estabilidade na marcha\" (p < 0,001, r2 ajustado=0,24). Além disso, 37,3% dos pacientes apresentaram pelo menos um evento de queda em um período de 12 meses de seguimento. Verificou-se também que um melhor desempenho no controle postural, avaliado pelo Mini-BESTest esteve associado a um menor risco de queda [Odds ratio (OR)=0,50] e que o Mini-BESTest mostrou ser um bom instrumento para predizer quedas futuras em pacientes com DPOC [Area under the curve (AUC)=0,87, sensibilidade=84% e especificidade=73,8%]. Conclusões: A alteração do equilíbrio postural nesta população de pacientes com DPOC está associada à idade, fraqueza muscular de membros inferiores, medo de queda, qualidade do sono, inatividade física e à função pulmonar. Além disso, a alteração no equilíbrio postural é um bom preditor de quedas futuras nesta população, sendo o Mini-BESTest um bom instrumento para identificar os pacientes com maior risco de quedas. A implementação de programas de reabilitação que incluam treinamento de equilíbrio específico e prevenção de queda pode ser necessária para estes pacientes / Introduction: The presence of chronic disease and several comorbidities, added to reduced mobility and muscle weakness are often associated with the risk of falls in the elderly, with balance impairment being one of the most important predictors of falls. Currently, there is growing evidence that patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are quite susceptible to falls since they have presented significant balance deficits. There are some studies that evaluate the role of isolated factors in this deficit, however, the evaluation of multiple factors in the same sample of patients has not yet been much investigated, as well as the impact of this balance impairment in the prediction of falls in this population is not clear in the literature. Objectives: To determine the factors that are associated with postural balance impairment in patients with COPD and to evaluate the impact of this impairment on the prediction of falls in this population. Methods: This prospective cohort study included 70 outpatients with a previous diagnosis of COPD. Postural balance was evaluated by the Mini-BESTest (Balance evaluation systems test). Gender, age, frequency of exacerbations / hospitalizations resulting from respiratory disease in the last year were collected from an initial interview and patients\' medical records. The presence of comorbidities was evaluated using the scale of Functional Comorbidity Index (FCI). The level of physical activity was measured using a motion sensor (accelerometer type), the maximal isometric muscle strength of the lower limbs was assessed using a dynamometer, the sleep quality measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the dyspnea by the modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) dyspnoea scale, the fear of falling by the Falls Efficacy Scale-International scale (FES-I) and the lung function obtained by the Complete Pulmonary Function Test. In addition, the incidence of falls was followed for one year, assessed monthly by a calendar of self-reports of falls, given to the patient after the initial assessment, and confirmed by telephone calls. For the statistical analysis, regression analyses models and discriminative power analysis by receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC) were used. The level of significance was adjusted for all analyses and was 5% (p < 0.05). Results: Postural balance (Mini-BESTest) was independently associated with quadriceps muscle strength, fear of falling (FES-I) and age, adjusted for physical inactivity (p < 0.001, adjusted r2=0.49). When analyzing each domain corresponding to a postural control system separately, we could also verify that the postural balance was independently associated with: age and physical inactivity, adjusted by the body mass index (BMI) in the domain \"Postural Anticipatory Adjustments\" (p=0.001, adjusted r2=0.22); age, quadriceps muscle strength and maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), adjusted by air trapping in the \"Postural Reactive Responses\" domain (p < 0.001, adjusted r2=0.47); fear of falling and ankle dorsiflexors muscle strength in the domain \"Sensory Orientation\" (p=0.001, adjusted r2=0.16); and sleep quality, physical inactivity, age and ankle plantiflexors muscle strength in the domain \"Balance during gait\" (p < 0.001, adjusted r2=0.24). In addition, 37.3% of patients had at least one fall event over a 12-month follow-up period. It was also verified that a better performance in postural control evaluated by Mini-BESTest was associated with a lower risk of fall [Odds ratio (OR) = 0.50] and that Mini-BESTest was showed to be a good tool to predict future falls in patients with COPD [Area under the curve (AUC)= 0.87, sensitivity = 84% and specificity = 73.8%]. Conclusions: Postural balance impairment in patients with COPD is associated with age, lower limb muscle weakness, fear of falling, sleep quality, physical inactivity and lung function. In addition, the postural balance impairment is a good predictor of future falls in this population, and Mini-BESTest is a good tool to identify patients at greater risk of falls. The implementation of rehabilitation programs that include specific balance training and fall prevention may be required for these patients

El objetivo del presente estudio fue comparar la autoeficacia profesional en trabajadores que desarrollan distintos tipos de actividad física y que laboran en una empresa privada del rubro deportivo en Lima, Perú. Participaron 160 trabajadores; el instrumento utilizado fue el cuestionario AU - 10 para medir la autoeficacia profesional, validada en Perú por Calderón-De la Cruz, Domínguez-Lara y Arroyo-Rodriguez en el 2018. Los resultados obtenidos no corroboran la hipótesis principal, dado que no se encontró diferencias en la autoeficacia profesional según el tipo de actividad física que los trabajadores desarrollan. Sin embargo, se encontró que hay mayor predominio de ejercicio físico en mujeres y a los que pertenecen al grupo de 20 a 40 años, mientras que el mayor predominio del deporte se halló en hombres y en el grupo de 40 a 60 años. Además, en cuanto al sedentarismo, el predominio está en las mujeres y el grupo mayor a 60 años. / The aim of this study was to compare the professional self-efficacy in workers with different types of physical activity within a private company in the sports sector in Lima, Peru. The sample consisted of 160; the instrument used was the AU-10 questionnaire to measure professional self-efficacy, validated in Peru by Calderón-De la Cruz, Domínguez-Lara and Arroyo-Rodriguez in 2018. The results obtained do not corroborate the hypothesis, since no differences were found in professional self-efficacy according to the type of physical activity. However, it was found that there is a greater predominance of physical exercise in women and those belonging to the 20 to 40-year-old group, while the greater predominance of sport was found in men and in the 40 to 60-year-old group. In addition, in terms of sedentary lifestyle, the predominance is in women and the group over 60 years of age. / Tesis

Introducción: el presente proyecto de intervención tuvo lugar en el distrito de La Perla, perteneciente a la Provincia Constitucional del Callao. Se analizaron indicadores geográficos, socioeconómicos y de salud. La Perla estima una población de 61417 habitantes y una superficie territorial de 2.75 km2. En cuanto a la pandemia covid-19 la morbilidad para julio 2020 fue de 20333 personas a nivel Callao. Por ello, se buscó identificar problemas de salud que podría ocasionar esta pandemia en el entorno familiar. Descripción: se realizó el diagnostico participativo comunitario (DPC) entre la capacitadora y los integrantes de la familia en el cual se identificaron problemas de salud que se presentaban al momento de iniciar la intervención. En segundo lugar, se estableció un objetivo general, promover hábitos saludables en la salud física y mental de la Familia Mendoza Mansilla y 4 objetivos específicos. Entre ellos: adoptar la correcta postura corporal al estar sentados frente a la computadora, realizar pausas activas, manejar el estrés con sesiones de mindfulness, establecer un régimen alimenticio e incrementar horas de actividad física. Resultados: para la evaluación de resultados se utilizaron indicadores como eficacia, eficiencia, cobertura, duración media y utilización. Se alcanzaron todos los objetivos propuestos satisfactoriamente y la eficacia se cumplió al 100% en todas las actividades. Conclusión: al término de la intervención se logró que el 100% de los integrantes realizaran de forma eficaz la incorporación de estos nuevos hábitos mejorando su salud física y mental. Además, se establecieron estrategias para la sostenibilidad del proyecto en el tiempo. / Introduction: this intervention project took place in the district of La Perla, belonging to the Constitutional Province of Callao. Geographic, socioeconomic, and health indicators were analyzed. La Perla estimates a population of 61,417 inhabitants and a land area of ​​2.75 km2. Regarding the covid-19 pandemic, the morbidity for July 2020 was 20,333 people at the Callao level. Therefore, we sought to identify health problems that this pandemic could cause in the family environment. Description: the participatory community diagnosis (CPD) was carried out between the trainer and the family members, in which health problems that occurred at the time of initiating the intervention were identified. Second, a general objective was established, promoting healthy habits in the mental and physical health of the Mendoza Mansilla Family and 4 specific objectives. Among them: adopting the correct body posture when sitting in front of the computer, taking active breaks, managing stress with mindfulness sessions, establishing a diet, and increasing hours of physical activity. Results: for the evaluation of results, indicators such as effectiveness, efficiency, coverage, average duration, and use were used. All the proposed objectives were satisfactorily achieved, and the efficiency was 100% met in all activities. Conclusion: at the end of the intervention, 100% of the members were able to effectively incorporate these new habits, improving their mental and physical health. In addition, strategies were established for the sustainability of the project over time. / Trabajo de investigación

Fysisk inaktivitet är ett växande problem ur folkhälsosynpunkt. Världshälsoorganisationen rekommenderar minst 3 timmars måttlig fysisk aktivitet per vecka för ökad hälsa och fysisk förmåga. Gruppträningspass där man rör sig till musik är en populär träningsform, särskilt för mindre aktiva personer eller de som börjar träna efter att ha varit inaktiva. Det är därför intressant att förstå hur sådan träning bör utformas för att ge störst förbättring på fysisk förmåga. Här undersöker vi hur musikgympa förbättrar fysisk förmåga hos otränade personer, och i vilken mån denna förbättring korrelerar med ett antal psykologiska faktorer relaterade till den fysiska aktiviteten. 110 personer genomförde ett testbatteri som omfattade kondition, styrka, och flexibilitet före och efter elva veckors gruppgympa två gånger i veckan. De psykologiska faktorerna omfattade deras upplevelser av ansträngning, flow, smärta, välbefinnande under träningspassen och deras uppfattning om instruktörerna. Deltagarnas fysiska förmåga förbättrades, men förbättringen var endast svagt och icke statistiskt signifikant korrelerad med de psykologiska faktorerna. / Physical inactivity is a growing problem from a public health point of view. The World Health Organization recommends at least 3 hours of moderate-intensity aerobic physical activity weekly to increase health benefits and physical fitness. Group workouts where you move to music are a popular form of exercise, especially for less active people or those who start exercising after previously being inactive. Therefore, it is interesting to understand how such training should be designed to give the greatest effect on physical fitness. In this study we examine how music exercise improves physical fitness in sedentary people, and to what extent this improvement correlates with a number of psychological factors related to physical activity. 110 people completed a test battery that tested fitness, strength, and flexibility before and after eleven weeks of group exercise twice a week. The psychological factors were their experienced exertion, flow, pain, well- being during the workouts, as well as their perception of the instructors. Physical fitness increased, but the increase was only weakly- and non-significantly correlated with the psychological factors.

Introduktion: Fysisk aktivitet är en av de viktigaste skyddsfaktorerna för en god hälsa. Dock går den fysiska aktiviteten ner, inte minst bland ungdomar. Hela 67% av 11-åringar och omkring 75% av 15-åringar i Sverige når inte upp till målen om att vara fysiskt aktiv minst en timme om dagen. Idrottsrörelsen i Sverige lockar många men visar också på minskade medlemsantal. Inom idrotten finns också en svårighet att nå ungdomar med låg socioekonomisk status. Syfte: Syftet var att undersöka vilka faktorer som påverkar ungdomars fysiska aktivitet samt om olika typer av aktiviteter attraherar olika målgrupper. Metod: En litteraturöversikt genomfördes där både kvalitativa och kvantitativa data användes via databaserna PubMed, och CINAHL. Tematisk analys användes som analysmetod. Resultat: Fysisk aktivitet bygger på möjligheter till stöd, självbestämmande, förutsättningar i familjen och socioekonomiska förutsättningar. Skolan är en viktig aktör i att skapa medvetenhet och sprida information om vikten av fysisk aktivitet. Stöttning från vuxna och möjlighet att påverka är viktigt för att ungdomar ska vara fysiskt aktiva. Slutsats: Ungdomar behöver stöd och information för att bli fysiskt aktiva. Skola, fritidsverksamhet och vårdnadshavare behöver stötta alla ungdomar och erbjuda möjlighet till fysisk aktivitet. / Introduction: Physical activity is one of the most important protective factors for good health. However, physical activity is declining, not least among young people. As many as 67% of 11-year-olds and around 75% of 15-year-olds in Sweden do not reach the goals of being physically active for at least one hour a day. The sports movement in Sweden attracts many but also shows reduced membership numbers. In sports, there are also difficulties in reaching young people with low socio-economic status. Aim: The aim was to investigate which factors affect young people's physical activity and whether different types of activities attract different target groups. Method: A literature review was conducted using both qualitative and quantitative data via the databases PubMed and CINAHL. Thematic analysis was used as the analysis method. Results: Physical activity is based on opportunities for support, self-determination, conditions in the family and socio-economic conditions. The school is an important arena in creating awareness and disseminating information about the importance of physical activity. Support from adults and the opportunity to influence is important for young people to be physically active. Conclusion: Young people need support and information to become physically active. School, leisure activities and guardians need to support all young people and offer opportunities for physical activity.

Hoy en día estamos viviendo una realidad completamente diferente a la cual estábamos acostumbrados debido al Covid-19. Uno de los cambios más drásticos ha sido que las empresas, universidades y colegios se están realizando de manera remota lo cual ha generado sedentarismo y estrés. Nuestro modelo de negocio se basa en mejorar esta nueva realidad la cual estamos afrontando a través de productos y servicios fisioterapéuticos especiales para la espalda, cuello, entre otros. En Health & Mind consideramos que tu salud es nuestra prioridad por lo cual estamos ofreciendo productos y servicios que te ayuden en tu día a día. Dichos productos y servicios lo pueden encontrar en nuestra plataforma virtual Instagram y página web donde podrán adquirirlos de manera fácil, rápida garantizando la mejor calidad y seguridad. Tu salud es nuestra prioridad, ¿estás listo? / Nowadays we are living a new different reality to the one we were used to due to Covid-19. One of the most drastic changes has been that companies, universities and schools are being carried out remotely which has generated sedentary lifestyles and stress. Our business model is based on improving this new reality which we are facing through special physiotherapeutic products and services for the back, neck, among others. In Health & Mind we consider that your health is our priority, so we are offering products and services that help you in your daily life. These products and services can be found on our virtual platform Instagram and website where you can purchase them easily, quickly ensuring the best quality and safety. Your health is our priority, are you ready? / Trabajo de investigación

<p>Преваленца гојазности и метаболичког синдрома у јувенилној популацији је<br />драматично у порасту и представља јавно-здравствени проблем у целом свету.<br />Гојазност, нарочито висцералног типа, је кључни аспект за појаву метаболичког<br />синдрома или појединих његових компоненти у млађој популацији. Оваква патолошка<br />стања доводе до појаве низ компликација као и фактора ризика за настанак<br />кардиоваскуларних обољења и дијабетеса типа II, касније у адултној доби. Циљ ове<br />студије био је да се утврде ефекти програма физичке активности и хипокалоријске<br />исхране на антропометријске, конституционалне, метаболичке и кардиоваскуларне<br />параметре код гојазне деце, имајући у виду да је за настанак гојазности управо<br />одговоран животни стил у смислу неадекватне исхране и хипокинезије код младих. У<br />ту сврху креиран је упитник на основу ког смо дoбили увид о животним навикама<br />испитаника и закључили да се ради о гојазној јувенилној популацији, са врло мало<br />квалитативног уноса хранљивих материја и физички неактивном у великој мери.<br />Такође присутна је и генетска предиспонираност за кардиоваскуларне и метаболичке<br />болести, на шта нам указује породична анамнеза. Програм физичке активности и<br />дијететског режима, прилагођен узрасној групи испитаника од 11-14 година &plusmn; 0.5 год,<br />био је краткорочног карактера у трајању од три месеца. У циљу провере ефекта<br />мултидисциплинарног третмана, сви испитивани параметри су мерени у три временске<br />тачке (иницијално, трансверзално и финално мерење). Дескриптивне резултати у све<br />три групе испитиваних параметара показују статистички значајне промене код свих<br />испитаника у све три временске, као и резултати једнофакторске униваријантне анализе<br />варијансе (ANOVA) за поновљена мерења (one-way repeated measures ANOVA) за Sig.&lt;<br />0,05. Телесна маса и обими трбуха су значајно редуковани као и сви остали параметри<br />циркуларне димензионалности и поткожног масног ткива, исхрањености и<br />конституције. Код физиолошких показатеља метаболичког синдрома такође је дошло<br />до редукције и позитивних промена. Потврда је добијена мултиваријатном анализом<br />варијансе за поновљена мерења (One-way repeated measures MANOVA) за Sig.&lt;0,05,<br />дате тестом Wilk&rsquo;s Lambda, чиме смо потврдили значајан ефекат спроведеног третмана<br />вежбања и редуковане исхране, који је изазвао значајне промене у свим посматраним<br />просторима.</p> / <p>Prevalenca gojaznosti i metaboličkog sindroma u juvenilnoj populaciji je<br />dramatično u porastu i predstavlja javno-zdravstveni problem u celom svetu.<br />Gojaznost, naročito visceralnog tipa, je ključni aspekt za pojavu metaboličkog<br />sindroma ili pojedinih njegovih komponenti u mlađoj populaciji. Ovakva patološka<br />stanja dovode do pojave niz komplikacija kao i faktora rizika za nastanak<br />kardiovaskularnih oboljenja i dijabetesa tipa II, kasnije u adultnoj dobi. Cilj ove<br />studije bio je da se utvrde efekti programa fizičke aktivnosti i hipokalorijske<br />ishrane na antropometrijske, konstitucionalne, metaboličke i kardiovaskularne<br />parametre kod gojazne dece, imajući u vidu da je za nastanak gojaznosti upravo<br />odgovoran životni stil u smislu neadekvatne ishrane i hipokinezije kod mladih. U<br />tu svrhu kreiran je upitnik na osnovu kog smo dobili uvid o životnim navikama<br />ispitanika i zaključili da se radi o gojaznoj juvenilnoj populaciji, sa vrlo malo<br />kvalitativnog unosa hranljivih materija i fizički neaktivnom u velikoj meri.<br />Takođe prisutna je i genetska predisponiranost za kardiovaskularne i metaboličke<br />bolesti, na šta nam ukazuje porodična anamneza. Program fizičke aktivnosti i<br />dijetetskog režima, prilagođen uzrasnoj grupi ispitanika od 11-14 godina &plusmn; 0.5 god,<br />bio je kratkoročnog karaktera u trajanju od tri meseca. U cilju provere efekta<br />multidisciplinarnog tretmana, svi ispitivani parametri su mereni u tri vremenske<br />tačke (inicijalno, transverzalno i finalno merenje). Deskriptivne rezultati u sve<br />tri grupe ispitivanih parametara pokazuju statistički značajne promene kod svih<br />ispitanika u sve tri vremenske, kao i rezultati jednofaktorske univarijantne analize<br />varijanse (ANOVA) za ponovljena merenja (one-way repeated measures ANOVA) za Sig.&lt;<br />0,05. Telesna masa i obimi trbuha su značajno redukovani kao i svi ostali parametri<br />cirkularne dimenzionalnosti i potkožnog masnog tkiva, ishranjenosti i<br />konstitucije. Kod fizioloških pokazatelja metaboličkog sindroma takođe je došlo<br />do redukcije i pozitivnih promena. Potvrda je dobijena multivarijatnom analizom<br />varijanse za ponovljena merenja (One-way repeated measures MANOVA) za Sig.&lt;0,05,<br />date testom Wilk&rsquo;s Lambda, čime smo potvrdili značajan efekat sprovedenog tretmana<br />vežbanja i redukovane ishrane, koji je izazvao značajne promene u svim posmatranim<br />prostorima.</p> / <p>Prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome in juvenile population is increasing<br />dramatically and presents a worldwide public health problem. Obesity, the visceral type in<br />particular, is the key aspect for emergence of metabolic syndrome or some of its individual<br />components in the younger population. Pathological states of this kind lead to development of<br />a range of complications, as well as, risk factors for emergence of cardiovascular diseases and<br />diabetes type II, later in adult age. The aim of this study was to determine effects of a program<br />of physical activity and hypocaloric diet on anthropometric, constitutional, metabolic and<br />cardiovascular parameters in obese children, considering that it is lifestyle, namely inadequate<br />diet and lack of movement, which is responsible for emergence of obesity in children. With<br />this in mind, we have created a questionnaire which has given us an insight into living habits<br />of the participants, and we have determined that we are dealing with an obese juvenile<br />population which consumes very little of quality nutritious foods, and which is, to a great<br />extent, physically inactive. Also, there is a presence of genetic predisposition for<br />cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, which was indicated in family anamnesis. The<br />physical activity and diet regime program, adapted to the age group of the participants (11 to<br />14-year-olds &plusmn; 0.5 year) was short term in character and it lasted for three months. With the<br />aim of checking the effect of the multidisciplinary treatment, all the tested parameters were<br />measured at three points in time (initial, transversal and final measurements). Descriptive<br />results in all three groups of the measured parameters indicate statistically significant changes<br />in all the participants, at all three time points, as do the results of one-way repeated measures<br />ANOVA for Sig.&lt; 0,05. Body mass and abdominal circumferences were reduced<br />significantly, as were all the other parameters of circulatory dimensions and subcutaneous fat,<br />nourishment and constitution. Reduction and positive changes were also measured in<br />physiological indicators for metabolic syndrome. The results were confirmed by one-way<br />repeated measures MANOVA for Sig.&lt; 0.05, using the Wilk&rsquo;s Lambda test, through which<br />we have confirmed a significant effect of the applied treatment which has caused significant<br />changes in all the measured parameters.</p>

This study explores how socioeconomic status influences lifestyle choices and chronicdiseases in Sweden. It investigates prevalent chronic diseases across different socio economicgroups and assesses policy interventions to address disparities. Theoretical frameworks suchas chronic disease prevention, health lifestyle and fundamental causes theories inform theanalysis. The method of this study is used to gather and analyse sensory data for the study. Itdescribed the systematic search for relevant articles, inclusion and exclusion criteria, dataextraction and thematic analysis. Ethical considerations are also addressed and maintained.The results highlighted socioeconomic disparities in lifestyle and chronic disease burden inSweden and other countries. The results show varying impacts in health behaviours andoutcomes based on socioeconomic status, emphasising on the need for targeted interventionwhich address preventable health conditions. The discussion of the study provides a detailedinterpretation of the results by linking theories and methods used.

OBJETIVO: Avaliar o impacto de diferentes intervenções no ambiente de trabalho para aumentar o nível de atividade física (AF) e redução de risco cardiovascular em mulheres de meia idade. DELINEAMENTO: Estudo aleatorizado e controlado com 4 intervenções. PARTICIPANTES: 195 mulheres de 40 a 50 anos, funcionárias de um hospital publico da cidade de São Paulo, que não realizavam AF no tempo de lazer. INTERVENÇÕES: Todas foram aleatorizadas para: Grupo controle (GI; 3 sessões de 15 min; n=47); Pedômetro+aconselhamento individual (GII; 3 sessões de 15 min; n=53); Pedômetro+aconselhamento em grupo (GIII; 8 sessões de 1h; n=48); Treinamento Aeróbico (GIV; 24 sessões de 30 min; n=47). Intervenções realizadas por 3 meses. DESFECHOS: Nº de passos total e moderado(>110 passos/min) pedômetro Yamax-PW 610, massa corpórea (Kg), circunferência cintura (cm) e fatores de saúde relacionados à qualidade de vida(FSRQV) após 3 e 6 meses. ANÁLISE ESTATÍSTICA: ANOVA de 1 fator e o pos-hoc de Holm-Sidak. Efetividade foi avaliada pela intenção de tratar. Calculou-se o tamanho do efeito. RESULTADOS: Apenas os grupos que utilizaram os pedômetros (GII e GIII) aumentaram significativamente o número total de passos após 3 meses (P <0,05), no entanto foram observados incrementos maiores no GIII do que no GII (P <0,05). GIII também aumentou o número de passos moderado. Além disso, depois de 6 meses, não foi observada diferença entre os grupos. Com relação às medidas antropométricas, somente as mulheres que participaram do GIV tiveram redução significativa da massa corpórea após 3 e 6 meses (-0,7 kg) e da circunferência abdominal após 3 meses (-0,9 cm). Não ocorreram mudanças no FSRQV. Por último, verificou-se que as intervenções com maior nº de sessões(GIII e GIV) tiveram maior desistência (respectivamente, 30% e 45%) das participantes quando comparada aos grupos GI e GII (respectivamente, 2% e 4%) (P<0,05). CONCLUSÃO: O uso do pedômetro associada ao aconselhamento em grupo é mais efetiva para aumentar o nível de AF diária enquanto que um programa de exercício físico reduz o peso. Porém estas estratégias foram efetivas a curto prazo sugerindo a necessidade de mantê-las constantemente disponíveis às trabalhadoras / PURPOSE: Evaluate the impact of different interventions at workplace to increase the physical activity (PA) and to reduce cardiovascular risk in middle-aged women. DESIGN: RCT with 4 arms. Realized between, February (2010 - 2012) and data analyzed between March and July (2012). SETTING/PARTICIPANTS: 195 women aged 40 to 50 years that did not perform PA in leisure time were randomly assigned to one of 4 interventions. INTERVENTION: Control group (GI) a brief medical orientation (n = 47); Pedometer-Based Individual Counseling (GII) (n = 53); Pedometer-based Group Counseling (GIII) (n = 48); Aerobic Training (GIV, n = 47). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Median change for total steps number (primary outcome), median change for moderate (>110 steps/min) steps number, body mass and waist circumference (secondary outcomes) after 3 or 6 months of intervention. RESULTS: Only the groups using pedometers (GII and GIII) significantly increased total steps number after 3 months (P<0.05); however the increase in total steps observed in GIII was higher than in GII (p<0.05). GIII also increased the number of moderate steps number. Moreover, after 6 months, no difference was observed among groups. Despite that, women did not modify the body mass that was reduced only in those of the AT group either after 3 and 6 months (-0.7 Kg) (P<0.05). Finally, it was found that interventions with the greatest number of sessions (GIII and GIV) had higher dropout (respectively, 30% and 45%) of participants when compared to GI and GII (respectively, 2% and 4%) (p <0.05).CONCLUSIONS: A pedometer-based intervention with counseling groups at workplace was more effective to increase physical activity at daily life while aerobic training is more effective for weight loss

Introdução: Idosos passam a maior parte do dia em comportamento sedentário. Apesar dessa alta exposição, o impacto do comportamento sedentário na saúde dessa população ainda não foi aprofundado. Objetivo: Revisar sistematicamente as evidências de associação entre o comportamento sedentário e desfechos relacionados à saúde de idosos acima de 60 anos de idade. Métodos: Foram revisadas as bases de dados Medline, Embase, Lillacs, Web of Science, SportsDiscus, PsychInfo, Cinahl e Sedentary Behavior Research Database por estudos observacionais publicados até o mês de maio de 2013, bem como os membros do Sedentary Behaviour Research Network, para identificar artigos potencialmente elegíveis. Após a inclusão, a qualidade metodológica da evidência de cada estudo foi avaliada, utilizando-se o GRADE. Resultados: Foram identificados 23 artigos elegíveis, dos quais apenas 2 (8%) apresentaram alta qualidade de evidência. O tempo gasto em comportamento sedentário foi relacionado a um aumento no risco de mortalidade por todas as causas. Estudos com qualidade moderada de evidências indicaram relação entre o comportamento sedentário e síndrome metabólica, circunferência da cintura e excesso de peso/obesidade. Os resultados de outros desfechos como saúde mental e câncer de rim ainda são insuficientes para conclusões definitivas. Conclusão: Esta revisão sistemática defende a relação entre o comportamento sedentário e aumento da mortalidade em idosos. Futuros estudos com alta qualidade metodológica serão necessários para a verificação de demais desfechos em saúde e para a criação de diretrizes e recomendações sobre comportamento sedentário de idosos / Background: In the last decade, sedentary behavior has emerged as a new risk factor for health. The elderly spend most of their awake time in sedentary activities. Despite this high exposure, the impact of this sedentary behavior on the health of this population has not yet been reviewed. Purpose: We systematically reviewed evidence for associations between sedentary behavior and multiple health outcomes in adults over 60 years of age. Methods: We searched the Medline, Embase, Web of Science, SportsDiscus, PsycInfo, Cinahl, LILACS, and Sedentary Research Database for observational studies published up to May 2013. Additionally, we contacted members of the Sedentary Behaviour Research Network to identify articles that were potentially eligible. After inclusion, the methodological quality of the evidence was assessed in each study. Results: We included 24 eligible articles in our systematic review, of which only 2 (8%) provided high-quality evidence. Greater sedentary time was related to an increased risk of all-cause mortality in the older adults. Some studies with a moderate quality of evidence indicated a relationship between sedentary behavior and metabolic syndrome, waist circumference, and overweightness/obesity. The findings for other outcomes such as mental health and renal cancer cells remain insufficient to draw conclusions. Conclusion: This systematic review supports the relationship between sedentary behavior and mortality in older adults. Additional studies with high methodological quality are still needed to develop informed guidelines for addressing sedentary behavior in older adults