Submitted by Verena Bastos (verena@uefs.br) on 2015-09-18T14:05:58Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERT. MESTR.-RENATA ADRIAN.pdf: 2352039 bytes, checksum: 352372f375b5297ad958ddef218b0409 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-09-18T14:05:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERT. MESTR.-RENATA ADRIAN.pdf: 2352039 bytes, checksum: 352372f375b5297ad958ddef218b0409 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-05-06 / This research aimed to learn about the representations of teachers and managers in the UFRB (University of Reconcavo of Bahia) on formative needs in educational field,as part of professional development. For analytical understanding of the object of study, I used the theoretical foundations and methodological Theory of Social Representations (TRS), in the perspective of Jodelet (2001) and Abric (1999). Furthermore, contributions from authors of the field of teacher education and higher education pedagogy, such as: Zabalza (1998), Ib?rnon (2010), Cunha (1999), Masetto (1998), served as a theoretical basis. From a methodological point of view: I made a Case Study, being that the research approach is qualitative and quantitative I used the questionnaire and the semi-structured interviews for data collection. Scientific research has allowed us to know that teachers have training needs in the pedagogical field and in respect to their own professional development. The managers of the institution believe that the teacher of the institution has formative needs, in pedagogical field. The institution develops a work for continuing education of teachers, approaching a philosophy of work based on reflection of educational practice. This dissertation is structured into five chapters, namely: 1)Delineation of the object of study, 2) conceptual aspects of teaching in higher education, 3)Social Representations, 4)Methodological Way, 5)Data Analysis. Finally realize a synthesis of the study in the final considerations, conceiving this research as a look at the formation of the teacher in higher education / Esta pesquisa objetivou conhecer as representa??es de professores e gestores da UFRB (Universidade do Rec?ncavo da Bahia) sobre necessidades formativas no campo pedag?gico, como elemento do desenvolvimento profissional. Para compreens?o anal?tica do objeto de estudo, utilizei dos fundamentos te?ricos e metodol?gicos da Teoria das Representa??es Sociais (TRS), na perspectiva de Jodelet (2001) e Abric (1999). Ademais, contribui??es de autores do campo da Forma??o de Professores e Pedagogia Universit?ria, tais como: Zabalza (1998), Ib?rnon (2010), Cunha (1999), Masetto (1998), serviram de base te?rica. Do ponto de vista metodol?gico: realizei um Estudo de Caso, sendo que a abordagem da pesquisa ? a Qualiquantitativa. Utilizei do question?rio e da entrevista semiestruturada para coleta de dados. A investiga??o cient?fica permitiu conhecer que os professores t?m necessidades formativas no campo pedag?gico e no que diz respeito ao seu pr?prio desenvolvimento profissional. Os gestores da institui??o acreditam que os professores da institui??o t?m necessidades formativas, no campo pedag?gico. A institui??o desenvolve um trabalho de forma??o continuada de professores, aproximando-se de uma filosofia de trabalho com base na reflex?o da pr?tica educativa. Esta disserta??o est? estruturada em cinco cap?tulos, a saber: 1) Delineamento do objeto de estudo; 2) Aspectos conceituais da doc?ncia no ensino superior; 3) Representa??es Sociais; 4) Caminho Metodol?gico; 5) An?lise de dados. Por fim, realizo uma s?ntese do estudo nas Considera??es Finais, concebendo esta

L’objet de cette thèse est l’analyse de l’interface entre, d’une part l’offre technologique d’assainissement et de latrinisation au Burkina Faso, qui se traduit en grand partie par la mise en place de latrine dans les concessions et dans lieux publics, et d’autre part la dimension sociétale à travers les représentations sociales des individus et des communautés et leurs logiques d’action dans le rapport à la latrine. La confrontation des deux dimensions aborde en effet un champ d’étude qui analyse l’équipement « latrine » à l’épreuve des représentations sociales qui y sont associées et des contraintes objectives de son implémentation. La thèse aborde ainsi une sociologie de l’assainissement qui questionne plus spécifiquement le processus de latrinisation au Burkina Faso, à travers les dimensions représentationnelles, notamment les représentations du propre et du sale et la symbolique de la latrine, les logiques d’action des usagers, leurs pratiques subséquentes, de la sphère domestique à la sphère publique. Dans un contexte national du Burkina Faso marqué par un faible taux d’accès à l’assainissement et avec des municipalités en construction dans un processus de décentralisation, l’étude de la latrinisation dans les villes moyennes étudiées (Ouahigouya, Dori, Houndé et Pouytenga) interroge par ailleurs les dispositifs effectifs de gestion des latrines pour comprendre la problématique globale de la diffusion et de la durabilité des ouvrage d’assainissement. / The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the interface between, on the one hand, the technological supply of sanitation and latrinization in Burkina Faso, which is largely reflected in the setting up of latrines in concessions and in public places, and on the other hand, the social dimension through the social representations of individuals and communities and their action logics in relation to the latrine. The confrontation between the two dimensions involves a field of study that analyzes the “latrine” equipment through social representations associated and objective constraints of its implementation. The thesis addresses sociology of sanitation that more specifically questions about the process of latrinization in Burkina Faso, througt the representational dimensions, including the representations of the clean and the dirty and the symbolism of the latrine, the logics of action of users, their subsequent practices, from the domestic sphere to the public sphere. In a national context of Burkina Faso marked by a low rate of access to sanitation and where, in a process of decentralization, the municipalities are under construction, the study of latrinization in tne medium-sized cities (Ouahigouya, Dori, Houndé and Pouytenga hemps in understanding the overall problem of sanitation facilities, through the effective latrine management systems.

A tuberculose ainda prevalece no cenário epidemiológico mundial e nacional e sua permanência relaciona-se a vários processos, dentre os quais, as desigualdades sociais. A adesão ao tratamento é um aspecto chave para o controle da doença, já que contribui para a diminuição da multirresistência aos fármacos e para o decréscimo da mortalidade. Em função desse panorama que evidencia ainda, a ineficácia dos programas de controle, a Organização Mundial da Saúde-OMS propôs um novo marco para controle da enfermidade, introduzindo a Estratégia do Tratamento Diretamente Observado-DOTS ou Tratamento Supervisionado (TS). Dada a carência de estudos qualitativos sobre o tema no Município de São Paulo, este estudo teve como objetivos: identificar os significados que trabalhadores da saúde manifestam em relação à tuberculose, à adesão ao tratamento e ao Tratamento Diretamente Supervisionado; identificar as potencialidades e os limites da estratégia DOTS numa região do Município de São Paulo; além de apontar alternativas que contribuam no aprimoramento do Programa de Controle da Tuberculose. Após aprovação do projeto por Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa, foram entrevistados 15 trabalhadores da saúde da Subprefeitura da Sé da Secretaria de Saúde do Município de São Paulo, de agosto a dezembro de 2004, por meio de roteiro semi-estruturado. O estudo foi conduzido sob o referencial da Hermenêutica-dialética, tendo sido aplicada técnica apropriada de análise de discurso. Os achados revelam persistência de preconceito, com impacto sobre a assistência e à adesão. Observou-se que esta ultima é influenciada por processos relacionados ao doente (que se referem à sua inserção social), aos serviços de saúde (principalmente quanto à acessibilidade e comunicação com os usuários). A DOTS é apreendida como estratégia que contribui na adesão ao tratamento, ainda que apresente algumas limitações, como a falta de flexibilidade em sua operacionalização em algumas unidades de saúde, assim como a irregularidade dos incentivos. Entretanto, aponta-se sua importante potencialidade, que se revela na perspectiva da formação de vínculo entre o doente e o trabalhador de saúde. Assim, propõe-se o DOTS como interface de encontro e conversa entre trabalhadores e usuários, no âmbito institucional e territorial, o que possibilita a identificação de necessidades de saúde, assim como o encaminhamento de intervenções apropriadas / Tuberculosis still remains in the national and world-wide epidemiological scene and its permanence becomes related to some processes, amongst others, the social inequities. The adhesion to the treatment is a key aspect for the control of the disease given the fact that it contributes to the reduction of the multi-resistance to the pharmacotherapy and to decrease the mortality. In function of this panorama that still evidences, the inefficacy of the control programs, the World Health Organization (WHO) proposes a new frame in order to control the disease, introducing the Strategy Observed Treatment (DOTS) or Strictly Supervised Treatment (SST). Given the lack of qualitative studies about this issue in the municipality of Sao Paulo, this study has as objectives: to identify the meaning that health workers express in relation to tuberculosis the adhesion to treatment, and Strictly Supervised Treatment; to identify the potential and limitations of the strategy in a region of the municipality of Sao Paulo; at the same time to point alternatives that contribute to the improvement of the Program of Control of Tuberculosis. After approval of the project by the Committee of Ethics in Research, 15 health workers of the Secretary of Health of the City of São Paulo were interviewed, from August to December 2004, by means of a half-structuralized survey. The study was lead under the referential of the hermeneutics dialectic applying an appropriate technique of speech analysis. The findings disclose the persistence of preconception, which shows an impact on the assistance and to the adhesion to the treatment. It was noticed that these findings are influenced by related processes to the ill person (which refers to their social insertion), and to the health services (mainly related to the accessibility and the communication with the users). The SST is understood as an strategy that contributes to the adhesion to the treatment, but still presents some limitations, as for example as the lack of flexibility in its operationalization in some health units, as well as the irregularity of the incentives. Meanwhile its important potential is pointed which reveals itself in the perspective. However, its important potentiality is pointed, that if disclosed in the perspective of the conformation of a bond between the ill person and the health worker. Thus, the SST is considered as an interface of meeting and colloquy between health workers and ill people at the institutional and territorial scope, which makes possible the identification of health necessities, as well as the guiding of appropriate interventions

As redes de proteção à criança e ao adolescente constituem uma política pública recente no contexto nacional. O Conselho Tutelar é uma instituição que aciona o funcionamento das redes, sob a égide jurídica do Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente (ECA). Nesse campo problemático e complexo, quais os significados e representações da função social do Conselho Tutelar construídas pelos seus atores principais? Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar o funcionamento dessa instituição, a partir das práticas discursivas de seus agentes. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, referenciado na Teoria das Representações Sociais, segundo Moscovici e Jodelet. A coleta de dados ocorreu em cinco sessões de grupo focal, análise de documentos, prontuários e observação participante da rotina institucional, num Conselho Tutelar que atua num município de pequeno porte (85 mil habitantes) no interior do país. Os dados foram analisados através da técnica denominada Análise de Conteúdo, que consiste na identificação dos temas recorrentes e emergentes, seja nas regularidades ou singularidades discursivas. As unidades de significado foram organizadas em categorias temáticas que explicitaram os aspectos cognitivos, afetivos e políticos do dispositivo grupal. Enquanto resultados, afirma-se que os discursos indicam posicionamentos defensivos, ambivalentes e paradoxais no que tange ao trabalho do Conselho Tutelar e a Doutrina de Proteção Integral. Os enunciados trazem à tona incompatibilidades entre a esfera pública e a esfera privada. As condições institucionais, concretas e subjetivas, contribuem efetivamente para o sofrimento psíquico dos conselheiros tutelares, com destaque para a impotência e regressão psicofamiliar frente às pressões da sociedade. As representações sociais, objetivadas na prática desses agentes públicos, desvelam que o dispositivo acabou tomando a forma do mal social que visa a combater. Conclui-se, enquanto tese, que o Conselho Tutelar, tal como está estruturado no país, funciona como um dispositivo ideológico e propagandístico, sendo pouco capaz de atender aos anseios sociais por promoção de direitos, inclusão e cidadania. Frente ao julgamento ético e moral, as vítimas tendem a ser culpabilizadas, incorrendo na amenização ou negação dos danos, justificando a violência para fins idealistas na educação exemplar. Diante da condição paradoxal, constatou-se um processo de estereotipia, discriminação e demonização da clientela. / The child and adolescent protection network is a recent public politics in the national context. The Guardianship Council is an institution that actuates the networks functioning, under the legal aegis of the Child and Adolescent Statute (CAS). In this complex field, what are the meanings and representations of the function of the Guardianship Council constituted by its main actors? This study aimed to analyze the functioning of this institution, from its agents discursive practices. Its a qualitative study, having as reference the Theory of the Social Representations, according to Moscovici and Jodelet. The data collection occurred in five sessions of focal group, analysis of documents, records and participating observation of the institutional routine, at a Guardianship Council that acts in a small city (85 thousand inhabitants) in the countrys interior. The data were analyzed through the Content Analyzed, which consists in identifying the recurrent and emerging themes, on the discursive regularity or uniqueness. The meaning units were organized into thematic categories that show the cognitive, affective and political aspects of the group device. While results, its affirmed that the speeches indicated defensive, ambivalent and paradox positions regarding the Guardianship Councils work and the Integral Protective Doctrine, findings revealed an incompatibilities between the public and private spheres. The institutional conditions, concrete and subjective, contribute to the psychic suffering of the guardianship counselors, highlighting the psych familiar impotence and regression. The social representations, objectified at these public agent practices, unveiling that the device, ended taking the shape of the social ill that aims to combat. Its concluded, as thesis, that the Guardianship Council, as it is organized in Brazil, works as an ideological and propagandistic device, it is incapable to attend the social expectations by rights, social inclusion and citizenship. In view of the ethical and moral judgment, the victims tend to be blamed, incurring mitigation or denial of the damage, justifying the violence to idealistic ends at the exemplary education. Concluding, it has been found a process of stereotyping, discrimination and demonizing of the communities.

Cette thèse vise à étudier les conditions psychosociales d'adoption des véhicules électriques qui peuvent être utilisés de façon similaire au véhicule thermique (déplacements pendulaires, mobilités professionnelles, loisirs, vacances, etc.) et qui peuvent aussi participer à la réduction des nuisances environnementales (bruit, gaz à effet de serre). Si les voitures électriques (VE) répondent à ces exigences, ce véhicule connait pourtant une faible diffusion et un engouement limité auprès du grand public. L'objectif de cette recherche est de cerner les dimensions psychosociales de l'acceptation du VE. Dans une première phase nous chercherons à déterminer quels sont les facteurs (individuels, sociaux, domestiques/familiaux, technologiques, d'usage...) qui peuvent ou au contraire contrarier l'acceptabilité du VE, notamment aux niveaux des stratégies de déplacement, d'organisation et de gestion des activités, des styles de conduite automobile.... La méthodologie combinera deux approches, a priori et a posteriori, de l'acceptabilité et sera basée sur des outils de recueil de données qualitatifs et quantitatifs : entretiens individuels et collectifs, observations et suivis d'activités, questionnaires et échelles de mesure. Dans une seconde phase, il s'agira de tester les interactions entre les facteurs précédemment déterminés. Cette démarche s'inscrit dans un travail d'évaluation des rapports à une technologie pouvant modifier non seulement les pratiques et les usages liés à la conduite automobile mais aussi les attitudes et comportements pro-environnementaux. / This thesis aims to study the dimensions that were involved in the acceptance process of the electric car into an household context. This process begins before any use into the social acceptability phase, which happens a priori and may lead or not to the use of the vehicle. This phase is then followed by a practical acceptability that we would study during the first using sessions. This process extends to a long term use with the integration of the electric car into daily practices and socio-domestic activities.To define and to evaluate the implications of the dimensions involved in each phases of the process, we have implemented two operations of data-collection. In the first one, we apprehended the social representation of the electric car and their anchorages, to determine their effects on the intentions of using an electric car. This study was realized by using an associative method, with a sample of novice in therm of electric car driving experiences (N=70). Then we allowed these subjects to experience the driving of an electric car, immediately followed by an individual interview. The second data-collection-operation consist of in-depth interviews by utilizing explicitation technics and critical incidents, realised with owners/drivers of electric cars (N=9).The results show the evolving nature of the relation between drivers and electric car throughout the acceptation process. We observed weak intentions of electric-car-use mainly due to negatives representations of its technical characteristics (autonomy, speed), and to their anchorage on conventional cars (internal combustion engine vehicles). Those negative perceptions changed after an initial test drive of the vehicle, leading to a positive “driver experience”. This trend was confirmed with a long term use of this type of cars, which allows the continuity of socio-domestic practices and activities.

Cette thèse explore les représentations sociales du handicap dans la société française en interrogeant la question fondamentale de l’altérité, notre regard de la différence, aux croisées des domaines de la politique et de la santé. L’observation participante menée dans le Sud-Ouest a mis en exergue l’héritage culturel dont sont issues les représentations actuelles du handicap : fantasmes, peurs, idée de contagion du handicap … La représentation sociale aurait donc peu évolué malgré la mondialisation de la culture (J.P. Warnier, 2008). Réduit à l’image du fauteuil roulant, la question du handicap repose davantage sur un enjeu politique et de santé puisqu’il est au cœur de l’évolution sociétale. En effet, la loi du 11 février 2005 impose aux collectivités leur accessibilité afin de permettre l’égalité des chances des personnes en situation de handicap. Par cette mise en conformité de l’environnement, l’image du handicap se réduit à la mobilité. Ainsi, il semblerait qu’il persiste une volonté inconsciente à ramener les personnes handicapées à la marge de la société. Par conséquent, nous pouvons confirmer que les représentations sociales détiennent toujours et encore une place importante dans le comportement collectif. Les faire évoluer passe alors par l’acquisition d’un savoir expérientiel. C’est pourquoi, nous avons souhaité vérifier cette hypothèse grâce à une enquête qualitative menée auprès des étudiants en soins infirmiers. / This thesis deals with the social representations of handicap in French society, by questionning the fundamental subject of otherness, our conception of difference, in both political and sanitary fields. The observation held in South West region highlighted the cultural and heritage of where the current representations of handicap come from : fantasies, fears, idea of a contagion of handicap... the social representation would therefore have barely progressed in spite of the globalization of culture (J.P. Warnier, 2008). Limited to the picture of a wheelchair, the subject of handicap consists more in a political and sanitary stake, since it is in the heart of the evolution of society. As a matter of fact, the law of February 11th 2005 impose on communities to assure their accessibility, in order to allow equal opportunities for handicapped people. Through this compliance of the environment, the conception of handicap is limited to mobility. Therefore, it seems that there is still an unconscious will to keep handicapped people at the margin of society. Therefore, we can claim that social representations still hold an important role in collective behavior. Their evolution requires to purchase an experiential knowledge. That's why we wanted to corroborate this statement thanks to a qualitative investigation organized with students in nursing school.

Loin de l’image romantique de l’artiste dénué de tout sens des réalités, tous les secteurs des arts mettent aujourd’hui en place des débats où au terme d’artiste s’adjoint fréquemment celui d’entrepreneur pour qualifier la transformation des activités artistiques. Acteurs majeurs de l’économie créative, les artistes suscitent un intérêt grandissant de la part des observateurs et des chercheurs. Parallèlement, l’encouragement de l’entrepreneuriat dans l’enseignement supérieur et particulièrement dans les filières non commerciales, constitue un enjeu majeur de dynamisation des économies occidentales. Afin d’accompagner ces débats, nous avons étudié la formation des intentions entrepreneuriales des jeunes artistes pour mieux cerner leurs composantes ainsi que les eprésentations sous-jacentes au désir d’entreprendre chez ce public particulier. Trente et un entretiens ont été réalisés auprès d’étudiants des écoles d’art de Bretagne. Les analyses de contenu ont permis de déceler un lien significatif entre l’identité artistique des étudiants et leur intention de créer leur structure. Les résultats permettent d’identifier les différentes composantes de l’intention entrepreneuriale des jeunes artistes ainsi que les représentations sur lesquelles elles se fondent. La discussion des résultats permet, enfin, de montrer que la construction d’une identité artistique forte et la construction d’une intention entrepreneuriale évoluent conjointement et se renforcent mutuellement. / Far from the romantic image of the artist which lacks all sense of reality, today there ismuch discussion about the term artist being frequently linked to that of entrepreneur in allsectors of the arts to reflect the transformation in artistic activities. As major players in thecreative economy, artists are provoking a growing interest among observers and researchers. At the same time, the policy of developing entrepreneurship as a specific discipline in higher education - particularly in non-business studies – constitutes a major challenge to stimulate Western economies. In order to make a contribution to the discussion, we studied and analyzed the development of young artists’ entrepreneurial intentions and the social representations underlying that development.We conducted thirty-one interviews with students in arts schools in Brittany. The findings show a significant link between the artistic identity of the students and their entrepreneurial intent. They also enable us to identify the specificities of that intent. Lastly, the findings show that the building of a strong artistic identity and the construction of an entrepreneurial intent jointly mature and reinforce each other.

Cette thèse vise à comprendre et à apporter des solutions à la problématique de la baisse du nombre de praticiens ruraux qui touche les vétérinaires en France depuis une trentaine d'années. La population des étudiants vétérinaires est au centre de cette recherche afin d’analyser ce qui les conduit ou non à choisir la pratique rurale. En dépassant les critères socio-démographiques (féminisation, origine urbaine…), le travail se focalise sur les représentations sociales que les étudiants construisent de leur métier et de son environnement spatial tout au long du cursus de formation vétérinaire. Pour cela, l’approche méthodologique utilise des évocations hiérarchisées (n=116), une enquête à grande échelle (n=1508), et une méthodologie originale : des entretiens avec cartes mentales (n=72). Les résultats montrent que les étudiants font évoluer leurs représentations tout au long du parcours mais que de nombreux biais existent. Ceux-ci proviennent en partie du cursus d'enseignement. Ces biais génèrent alors des freins à l'installation en milieu rural qu'il faut surmonter. La seconde partie de la thèse traite donc de la construction et du test d’un dispositif pédagogique sur un échantillon d’étudiants (n=24) dans le cursus vétérinaire, le « jeu de territoire ». Celui-ci permet aux étudiants de mieux appréhender la diversité de la vie de vétérinaire en milieu rural et offre alors une première clé actionnable pour favoriser l’installation en pratique rurale. L’ensemble des résultats produits montrent ainsi que le cursus doit être mobilisé comme une transition, notamment psychosociale, vers le monde professionnel, permettant l’acquisition de nouveaux savoirs en lien avec le territoire d’activité, et dépassant le cadre académique traditionnel. / This thesis aims to understand and provide solutions to the problem of the declining number of rural practitioners that has been affecting veterinarians in France for thirty years. The population of veterinary students is the focus of this research to analyze what led them or not to choose rural practice. To overcome socio-demographic criteria (feminization, urban origin ...), this work focuses on social representations that students build about their future work and its space environment during the curriculum. In this way, a methodological triangulation uses hierarchical evocations (n = 116), a large-scale survey (n = 1508), and an original methodology: interviews with mental maps (n = 72). The results show that students’ representations evolve throughout the course but many biases exist. These come in part from the teaching curriculum. These biases generate barriers to rural facility which may be overcome. The second part of the thesis therefore deals with the construction and the test of a pedagogical tool on a sample of students (n = 24) in the veterinary curriculum, the "territory game". It allows students to better understand the diversity of veterinary rural life and then offers a first operable key to encourage the installation in rural practice. All of these results show that the curriculum must be mobilized as a psychosocial transition, towards the professional world and must allow the acquisition of new knowledge related to the activity territories, beyond the traditional academic setting.

This research develops the social psychological study of lay perception of human rights and of rights-based reactions to perceived injustice. The pioneering work by social representation theorists is reviewed. Of particular interest is the use of rights-based responses to perceived relative subgroup disadvantage. It is argued that these responses are shaped by the historical development of the legal concept of unique subgroup rights; rights asserted by a subgroup that cannot be asserted by outgroup members or by members of a broader collective that includes all subgroups. The assertion of unique subgroup rights in contrast to individual rights was studied by presenting participants with scenarios suggestive of human rights violations. These included possible violations of privacy rights of indigenous Australians (Study 1), civil and political rights of indigenous Australians under mandatory sentencing schemes (Study 2), privacy rights of students in comparison to public servants (Study 3), refugee rights (Study 4), and reproductive rights of lesbians and single women in comparison to married women and women in de facto relationships (Study 5). The scenarios were based on real policy issues being debated in Australia at the time of data collection. Human rights activists participated in Studies 4 and 5. In Study 5, these activists participated via an online, web-based experiment. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected. A social identity theory perspective is used drawing on concepts from both social identity theory and self-categorization theory. The studies reveal a preference for an equality-driven construal of the purpose of human rights law (i.e. that all Australians be treated equally regardless of subgroup membership) in contrast to minority support for a vulnerable groups construal of the purpose of human rights (i.e. that the purpose of human rights law is to protect vulnerable subgroups within a broader collective). Tajfelian social belief orientations of social mobility and social change are explicitly measured in Studies 3-5. Consistent with the social identity perspective, these ideological beliefs are conceptualised as background knowledge relevant to the subjective structuring of social reality (violation contexts) and to the process of motivated relative perception from the vantage point of the perceiver. There is some indication from these studies that social belief orientation may determine construals of the purpose of human rights. In Study 5 the observed preference for using inclusive human rights rhetoric in response to perceived subgroup injustice is explained as an identity-management strategy of social creativity. In Studies 4 and 5, explicit measurement of activist identification was also made in an attempt to further explain the apparently-dominant preference for an equality-driven construal of the purpose of human rights law and the preferred use of inclusive, individualised rights rhetoric in response to perceived subgroup injustice. Activist identification explained some action preferences, but did not simply translate into preferences for using subgroup interest arguments. In Study 5, metastereotyping measures revealed that inclusive rights-based protest strategies were used in order to create positive impressions of social justice campaigners in the minds of both outgroup and ingroup audiences. Ideas for future social psychological research on human rights is discussed.

<p>The essay's aim was to see which attitudes county council's and municipality representatives had about themes like: collaboration and competence in the work around double diagnosed persons. Its objective was to zero in on the attitudes of the representatives regarding a coallocated collaboration project in Stockholm. Also, it sought to find out what attitudes the representatives had about the other representatives attitudes concerning the above mentioned themes. A number of attitudes were presented during the qualitative interviews with the representatives, highlighting which attitudes seemed strongest. Then the interviews were analyzed using meaning condensation and then set against the theory of social representations.</p><p>The analysis showed that before work with the target group starts, there’s a need for synchronization of the different representatives involved in the collaboration project. It would help bridge those organisations existing cultural differences, which otherwise, creates conflicts within the personnel group. Lastly, the analysis also indicated that the majority of the county council's representatives were in a weak position vis-à-vis the municipality representatives. However, when it comes to the double diagnosed group, it came to the attention of everyone involved in the project that collaboration is critically important.</p>